From Lucy to Kadanuumuu: balanced analyses of Australopithecus afarensis assemblages confirm only moderate skeletal dimorphism
Identifieur interne : 000088 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000087; suivant : 000089From Lucy to Kadanuumuu: balanced analyses of Australopithecus afarensis assemblages confirm only moderate skeletal dimorphism
Auteurs : Philip L. Reno [États-Unis] ; C. Owen Lovejoy [États-Unis]Source :
- PeerJ [ 2167-8359 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism in body size is often used as a correlate of social and reproductive behavior in
Url:
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.925
PubMed: 25945314
PubMed Central: 4419524
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: Pour aller vers cette notice dans l'étape Curation :000088
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4419524Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">From Lucy to Kadanuumuu: balanced analyses of <italic>Australopithecus afarensis</italic> assemblages confirm only moderate skeletal dimorphism</title><author><name sortKey="Reno, Philip L" sort="Reno, Philip L" uniqKey="Reno P" first="Philip L." last="Reno">Philip L. Reno</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff-1"><institution>Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University</institution>,<addr-line>University Park, PA</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, C Owen" sort="Lovejoy, C Owen" uniqKey="Lovejoy C" first="C. Owen" last="Lovejoy">C. Owen Lovejoy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff-2"><institution>Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University</institution>,<addr-line>Kent, OH</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25945314</idno><idno type="pmc">4419524</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4419524</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4419524</idno><idno type="doi">10.7717/peerj.925</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000088</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000088</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">From Lucy to Kadanuumuu: balanced analyses of <italic>Australopithecus afarensis</italic> assemblages confirm only moderate skeletal dimorphism</title><author><name sortKey="Reno, Philip L" sort="Reno, Philip L" uniqKey="Reno P" first="Philip L." last="Reno">Philip L. Reno</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff-1"><institution>Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University</institution>,<addr-line>University Park, PA</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, C Owen" sort="Lovejoy, C Owen" uniqKey="Lovejoy C" first="C. Owen" last="Lovejoy">C. Owen Lovejoy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff-2"><institution>Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University</institution>,<addr-line>Kent, OH</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PeerJ</title><idno type="eISSN">2167-8359</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Sexual dimorphism in body size is often used as a correlate of social and reproductive behavior in <italic>Australopithecus afarensis</italic>. In addition to a number of isolated specimens, the sample for this species includes two small associated skeletons (A.L. 288-1 or “Lucy” and A.L. 128/129) and a geologically contemporaneous death assemblage of several larger individuals (A.L. 333). These have driven both perceptions and quantitative analyses concluding that <italic>Au. afarensis</italic> was markedly dimorphic. The Template Method enables simultaneous evaluation of multiple skeletal sites, thereby greatly expanding sample size, and reveals that <italic>A. afarensis</italic> dimorphism was similar to that of modern humans. A new very large partial skeleton (KSD-VP-1/1 or “Kadanuumuu”) can now also be used, like Lucy, as a template specimen. In addition, the recently developed Geometric Mean Method has been used to argue that <italic>Au. afarensis</italic> was equally or even more dimorphic than gorillas. However, in its previous application Lucy and A.L. 128/129 accounted for 10 of 11 estimates of female size. Here we directly compare the two methods and demonstrate that including multiple measurements from the same partial skeleton that falls at the margin of the species size range dramatically inflates dimorphism estimates. Prevention of the dominance of a single specimen’s contribution to calculations of multiple dimorphism estimates confirms that <italic>Au. afarensis</italic> was only moderately dimorphic.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Behrensmeyer, Al" uniqKey="Behrensmeyer A">AL Behrensmeyer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Berger, Lr" uniqKey="Berger L">LR Berger</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Ruiter, Dj" uniqKey="De Ruiter D">DJ de Ruiter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Churchill, Se" uniqKey="Churchill S">SE Churchill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schmid, P" uniqKey="Schmid P">P Schmid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carlson, Kj" uniqKey="Carlson K">KJ Carlson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dirks, Ph" uniqKey="Dirks P">PH Dirks</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kibii, Jm" uniqKey="Kibii J">JM Kibii</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brunet, M" uniqKey="Brunet M">M Brunet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guy, F" uniqKey="Guy F">F Guy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pilbeam, D" uniqKey="Pilbeam D">D Pilbeam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mackaye, Ht" uniqKey="Mackaye H">HT Mackaye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Likius, A" uniqKey="Likius A">A Likius</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahounta, D" uniqKey="Ahounta D">D Ahounta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beauvilain, A" uniqKey="Beauvilain A">A Beauvilain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blondel, C" uniqKey="Blondel C">C Blondel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bocherens, H" uniqKey="Bocherens H">H Bocherens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boisserie, Jr" uniqKey="Boisserie J">JR Boisserie</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Bonis, L" uniqKey="De Bonis L">L De Bonis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coppens, Y" uniqKey="Coppens Y">Y Coppens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dejax, J" uniqKey="Dejax J">J Dejax</name></author><author><name sortKey="Denys, C" uniqKey="Denys C">C Denys</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duringer, P" uniqKey="Duringer P">P Duringer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eisenmann, V" uniqKey="Eisenmann V">V Eisenmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fanone, G" uniqKey="Fanone G">G Fanone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fronty, P" uniqKey="Fronty P">P Fronty</name></author><author><name sortKey="Geraads, D" uniqKey="Geraads D">D Geraads</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lehmann, T" uniqKey="Lehmann T">T Lehmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lihoreau, F" uniqKey="Lihoreau F">F Lihoreau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Louchart, A" uniqKey="Louchart A">A Louchart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mahamat, A" uniqKey="Mahamat A">A Mahamat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Merceron, G" uniqKey="Merceron G">G Merceron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mouchelin, G" uniqKey="Mouchelin G">G Mouchelin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Otero, O" uniqKey="Otero O">O Otero</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pelaez, Cp" uniqKey="Pelaez C">CP Pelaez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ponce, Dl" uniqKey="Ponce D">DL Ponce</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rage, Jc" uniqKey="Rage J">JC Rage</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sapanet, M" uniqKey="Sapanet M">M Sapanet</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schuster, M" uniqKey="Schuster M">M Schuster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sudre, J" uniqKey="Sudre J">J Sudre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tassy, P" uniqKey="Tassy P">P Tassy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Valentin, X" uniqKey="Valentin X">X Valentin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vignaud, P" uniqKey="Vignaud P">P Vignaud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viriot, L" uniqKey="Viriot L">L Viriot</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zazzo, A" uniqKey="Zazzo A">A Zazzo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zollikofer, C" uniqKey="Zollikofer C">C Zollikofer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Ad" uniqKey="Gordon A">AD Gordon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Ad" uniqKey="Gordon A">AD Gordon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Green, Dj" uniqKey="Green D">DJ Green</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richmond, Bg" uniqKey="Richmond B">BG Richmond</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haile Selassie, Y" uniqKey="Haile Selassie Y">Y Haile-Selassie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Latimer, Bm" uniqKey="Latimer B">BM Latimer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alene, M" uniqKey="Alene M">M Alene</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deino, Al" uniqKey="Deino A">AL Deino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gibert, L" uniqKey="Gibert L">L Gibert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melillo, Sm" uniqKey="Melillo S">SM Melillo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saylor, Bz" uniqKey="Saylor B">BZ Saylor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scott, Gr" uniqKey="Scott G">GR Scott</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haile Selassie, Y" uniqKey="Haile Selassie Y">Y Haile-Selassie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melillo, Sm" uniqKey="Melillo S">SM Melillo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hamada, Y" uniqKey="Hamada Y">Y Hamada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Udono, T" uniqKey="Udono T">T Udono</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harmon, Eh" uniqKey="Harmon E">EH Harmon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harmon, E" uniqKey="Harmon E">E Harmon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holloway, Rl" uniqKey="Holloway R">RL Holloway</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Johanson, Dc" uniqKey="Johanson D">DC Johanson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taieb, M" uniqKey="Taieb M">M Taieb</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Johanson, Dc" uniqKey="Johanson D">DC Johanson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taieb, M" uniqKey="Taieb M">M Taieb</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coppens, Y" uniqKey="Coppens Y">Y Coppens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kelley, J" uniqKey="Kelley J">J Kelley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Q" uniqKey="Xu Q">Q Xu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kimbel, Wh" uniqKey="Kimbel W">WH Kimbel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delezene, Lk" uniqKey="Delezene L">LK Delezene</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koscinski, K" uniqKey="Koscinski K">K Koscinski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pietraszewski, S" uniqKey="Pietraszewski S">S Pietraszewski</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Sh" uniqKey="Lee S">SH Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lockwood, Ca" uniqKey="Lockwood C">CA Lockwood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimbel, Wh" uniqKey="Kimbel W">WH Kimbel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johanson, Dc" uniqKey="Johanson D">DC Johanson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lockwood, Ca" uniqKey="Lockwood C">CA Lockwood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richmond, Bg" uniqKey="Richmond B">BG Richmond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jungers, Wl" uniqKey="Jungers W">WL Jungers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimbel, Wh" uniqKey="Kimbel W">WH Kimbel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johanson, Dc" uniqKey="Johanson D">DC Johanson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coppens, Y" uniqKey="Coppens Y">Y Coppens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johanson, Dc" uniqKey="Johanson D">DC Johanson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coppens, Y" uniqKey="Coppens Y">Y Coppens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kern, Kf" uniqKey="Kern K">KF Kern</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, Sw" uniqKey="Simpson S">SW Simpson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meindl, Rs" uniqKey="Meindl R">RS Meindl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giacobini, G" uniqKey="Giacobini G">G Giacobini</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suwa, G" uniqKey="Suwa G">G Suwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, Sw" uniqKey="Simpson S">SW Simpson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matternes, Jh" uniqKey="Matternes J">JH Matternes</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Td" uniqKey="White T">TD White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mchenry, Hm" uniqKey="Mchenry H">HM McHenry</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mchenry, Hm" uniqKey="Mchenry H">HM McHenry</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Morin, Pa" uniqKey="Morin P">PA Morin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Plavcan, Jm" uniqKey="Plavcan J">JM Plavcan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Plavcan, Jm" uniqKey="Plavcan J">JM Plavcan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Plavcan, Jm" uniqKey="Plavcan J">JM Plavcan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Plavcan, Jm" uniqKey="Plavcan J">JM Plavcan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lockwood, Ca" uniqKey="Lockwood C">CA Lockwood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimbel, Wh" uniqKey="Kimbel W">WH Kimbel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lague, Mr" uniqKey="Lague M">MR Lague</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harmon, Eh" uniqKey="Harmon E">EH Harmon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reno, Pl" uniqKey="Reno P">PL Reno</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reno, Pl" uniqKey="Reno P">PL Reno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccollum, Ma" uniqKey="Mccollum M">MA McCollum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meindl, Rs" uniqKey="Meindl R">RS Meindl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reno, Pl" uniqKey="Reno P">PL Reno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meindl, Rs" uniqKey="Meindl R">RS Meindl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccollum, Ma" uniqKey="Mccollum M">MA McCollum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reno, Pl" uniqKey="Reno P">PL Reno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meindl, Rs" uniqKey="Meindl R">RS Meindl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccollum, Ma" uniqKey="Mccollum M">MA McCollum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Richmond, Bg" uniqKey="Richmond B">BG Richmond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jungers, Wl" uniqKey="Jungers W">WL Jungers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ruff, C" uniqKey="Ruff C">C Ruff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Setchell, Jm" uniqKey="Setchell J">JM Setchell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Pc" uniqKey="Lee P">PC Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wickings, Ej" uniqKey="Wickings E">EJ Wickings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dixson, Af" uniqKey="Dixson A">AF Dixson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Simpson, Gg" uniqKey="Simpson G">GG Simpson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roe, A" uniqKey="Roe A">A Roe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewontin, Rc" uniqKey="Lewontin R">RC Lewontin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Rj" uniqKey="Smith R">RJ Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jungers, Wj" uniqKey="Jungers W">WJ Jungers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suwa, G" uniqKey="Suwa G">G Suwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kono, Rt" uniqKey="Kono R">RT Kono</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, Sw" uniqKey="Simpson S">SW Simpson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Asfaw, B" uniqKey="Asfaw B">B Asfaw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lovejoy, Co" uniqKey="Lovejoy C">CO Lovejoy</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Td" uniqKey="White T">TD White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ward, Cv" uniqKey="Ward C">CV Ward</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimbel, Wh" uniqKey="Kimbel W">WH Kimbel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harmon, Eh" uniqKey="Harmon E">EH Harmon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johanson, Dc" uniqKey="Johanson D">DC Johanson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Washburn, Sl" uniqKey="Washburn S">SL Washburn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ciochon, Rl" uniqKey="Ciochon R">RL Ciochon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="White, Td" uniqKey="White T">TD White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johanson, Dc" uniqKey="Johanson D">DC Johanson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zihlman, A" uniqKey="Zihlman A">A Zihlman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tobias, Pv" uniqKey="Tobias P">PV Tobias</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coppens, Y" uniqKey="Coppens Y">Y Coppens</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PeerJ</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PeerJ</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">PeerJ</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PeerJ</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PeerJ</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2167-8359</issn><publisher><publisher-name>PeerJ Inc.</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25945314</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4419524</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">925</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7717/peerj.925</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Anthropology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Paleontology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>From Lucy to Kadanuumuu: balanced analyses of <italic>Australopithecus afarensis</italic> assemblages confirm only moderate skeletal dimorphism</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib id="author-1" contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Reno</surname><given-names>Philip L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1">1</xref><email>philreno@psu.edu</email></contrib><contrib id="author-2" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lovejoy</surname><given-names>C. Owen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2">2</xref></contrib><aff id="aff-1"><label>1</label><institution>Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University</institution>,<addr-line>University Park, PA</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></aff><aff id="aff-2"><label>2</label><institution>Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University</institution>,<addr-line>Kent, OH</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></aff></contrib-group><contrib-group><contrib id="editor-1" contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Jungers</surname><given-names>William</given-names></name></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-04-28"><day>28</day><month>4</month><year iso-8601-date="2015">2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><elocation-id>e925</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-02-24"><day>24</day><month>2</month><year iso-8601-date="2015">2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2015-04-09"><day>9</day><month>4</month><year iso-8601-date="2015">2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2015 Reno and Lovejoy</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Reno and Lovejoy</copyright-holder><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://peerj.com/articles/925"></self-uri><abstract><p>Sexual dimorphism in body size is often used as a correlate of social and reproductive behavior in <italic>Australopithecus afarensis</italic>. In addition to a number of isolated specimens, the sample for this species includes two small associated skeletons (A.L. 288-1 or “Lucy” and A.L. 128/129) and a geologically contemporaneous death assemblage of several larger individuals (A.L. 333). These have driven both perceptions and quantitative analyses concluding that <italic>Au. afarensis</italic> was markedly dimorphic. The Template Method enables simultaneous evaluation of multiple skeletal sites, thereby greatly expanding sample size, and reveals that <italic>A. afarensis</italic> dimorphism was similar to that of modern humans. A new very large partial skeleton (KSD-VP-1/1 or “Kadanuumuu”) can now also be used, like Lucy, as a template specimen. In addition, the recently developed Geometric Mean Method has been used to argue that <italic>Au. afarensis</italic> was equally or even more dimorphic than gorillas. However, in its previous application Lucy and A.L. 128/129 accounted for 10 of 11 estimates of female size. Here we directly compare the two methods and demonstrate that including multiple measurements from the same partial skeleton that falls at the margin of the species size range dramatically inflates dimorphism estimates. Prevention of the dominance of a single specimen’s contribution to calculations of multiple dimorphism estimates confirms that <italic>Au. afarensis</italic> was only moderately dimorphic.</p></abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>Sexual selection</kwd><kwd>Reproductive behavior</kwd><kwd>Homin</kwd><kwd>Human evolution</kwd><kwd>Hominid</kwd><kwd>Chimpanzee</kwd><kwd>Gorilla</kwd><kwd>Sexual dimorphism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement>The authors declare there is no funding for this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Ticri/CIDE/explor/CyberinfraV1/Data/Pmc/Curation
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000088 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd -nk 000088 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Ticri/CIDE
|area= CyberinfraV1
|flux= Pmc
|étape= Curation
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4419524
|texte= From Lucy to Kadanuumuu: balanced analyses of Australopithecus afarensis assemblages confirm only moderate skeletal dimorphism
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:25945314" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Curation/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a CyberinfraV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.25. |  |