Spatial cyberinfrastructures, ontologies, and the humanities
Identifieur interne : 000394 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000393; suivant : 000395Spatial cyberinfrastructures, ontologies, and the humanities
Auteurs : Renee E. Sieber ; Christopher C. Wellen ; Yuan JinSource :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
We report on research into building a cyberinfrastructure for Chinese biographical and geographic data. Our cyberinfrastructure contains (
Url:
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0911052108
PubMed: 21444819
PubMed Central: 3078361
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PMC:3078361Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Sieber, Renee E" sort="Sieber, Renee E" uniqKey="Sieber R" first="Renee E." last="Sieber">Renee E. Sieber</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Geography,</nlm:aff>
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<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut=", and" id="aff2">School of Environment</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Wellen, Christopher C" sort="Wellen, Christopher C" uniqKey="Wellen C" first="Christopher C." last="Wellen">Christopher C. Wellen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Department of Geography,</nlm:aff>
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<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Geography,<institution>University of Toronto</institution>
, Toronto, ON,<country>Canada</country>
M5S 3G3</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Jin, Yuan" sort="Jin, Yuan" uniqKey="Jin Y" first="Yuan" last="Jin">Yuan Jin</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="aff3">School of Computer Science,<institution>McGill University</institution>
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H3A 2K6</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Jin, Yuan" sort="Jin, Yuan" uniqKey="Jin Y" first="Yuan" last="Jin">Yuan Jin</name>
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H3A 2K6</nlm:aff>
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<series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>We report on research into building a cyberinfrastructure for Chinese biographical and geographic data. Our cyberinfrastructure contains (<italic>i</italic>
) the McGill-Harvard-Yenching Library Ming Qing Women's Writings database (MQWW), the only online database on historical Chinese women's writings, (<italic>ii</italic>
) the China Biographical Database, the authority for Chinese historical people, and (<italic>iii</italic>
) the China Historical Geographical Information System, one of the first historical geographic information systems. Key to this integration is that linked databases retain separate identities as bases of knowledge, while they possess sufficient semantic interoperability to allow for multidatabase concepts and to support cross-database queries on an ad hoc basis. Computational ontologies create underlying semantics for database access. This paper focuses on the spatial component in a humanities cyberinfrastructure, which includes issues of conflicting data, heterogeneous data models, disambiguation, and geographic scale. First, we describe the methodology for integrating the databases. Then we detail the system architecture, which includes a tier of ontologies and schema. We describe the user interface and applications that allow for cross-database queries. For instance, users should be able to analyze the data, examine hypotheses on spatial and temporal relationships, and generate historical maps with datasets from MQWW for research, teaching, and publication on Chinese women writers, their familial relations, publishing venues, and the literary and social communities. Last, we discuss the social side of cyberinfrastructure development, as people are considered to be as critical as the technical components for its success.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">pnas</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">pnas</journal-id>
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<journal-title-group><journal-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">0027-8424</issn>
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<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21444819</article-id>
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<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">200911052</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.0911052108</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Spatial Cyberinfrastructure Special Feature</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Research Articles</subject>
</subj-group>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Social Sciences</subject>
<subj-group><subject>Social Sciences</subject>
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<series-title>Spatial Cyberinfrastructure Special Feature</series-title>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Spatial cyberinfrastructures, ontologies, and the humanities</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sieber</surname>
<given-names>Renee E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>1</sup>
</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wellen</surname>
<given-names>Christopher C.</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jin</surname>
<given-names>Yuan</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
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<aff id="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
Department of Geography,</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
School of Environment, and</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><sup>d</sup>
School of Computer Science,<institution>McGill University</institution>
, Montreal, QC,<country>Canada</country>
H3A 2K6; and</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><sup>c</sup>
Department of Geography,<institution>University of Toronto</institution>
, Toronto, ON,<country>Canada</country>
M5S 3G3</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><sup>1</sup>
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: <email>renee.sieber@mcgill.ca</email>
.</corresp>
<fn fn-type="edited-by"><p>Edited by Michael Goodchild, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, and approved February 1, 2011 (received for review September 24, 2009)</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="con"><p>Author contributions: R.E.S. designed research; C.C.W. and Y.J. performed research; C.C.W. and Y.J. analyzed data; and R.E.S. and C.C.W. wrote the paper.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>5</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2011</year>
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<volume>108</volume>
<issue>14</issue>
<fpage>5504</fpage>
<lpage>5509</lpage>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pnas.200911052.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>We report on research into building a cyberinfrastructure for Chinese biographical and geographic data. Our cyberinfrastructure contains (<italic>i</italic>
) the McGill-Harvard-Yenching Library Ming Qing Women's Writings database (MQWW), the only online database on historical Chinese women's writings, (<italic>ii</italic>
) the China Biographical Database, the authority for Chinese historical people, and (<italic>iii</italic>
) the China Historical Geographical Information System, one of the first historical geographic information systems. Key to this integration is that linked databases retain separate identities as bases of knowledge, while they possess sufficient semantic interoperability to allow for multidatabase concepts and to support cross-database queries on an ad hoc basis. Computational ontologies create underlying semantics for database access. This paper focuses on the spatial component in a humanities cyberinfrastructure, which includes issues of conflicting data, heterogeneous data models, disambiguation, and geographic scale. First, we describe the methodology for integrating the databases. Then we detail the system architecture, which includes a tier of ontologies and schema. We describe the user interface and applications that allow for cross-database queries. For instance, users should be able to analyze the data, examine hypotheses on spatial and temporal relationships, and generate historical maps with datasets from MQWW for research, teaching, and publication on Chinese women writers, their familial relations, publishing venues, and the literary and social communities. Last, we discuss the social side of cyberinfrastructure development, as people are considered to be as critical as the technical components for its success.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>geospatial ontologies</kwd>
<kwd>prosopography</kwd>
<kwd>ontology integration</kwd>
</kwd-group>
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