Do psychiatric patients experience more psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown? A Case-Control Study with Service and Research Implications for Immunopsychiatry.
Identifieur interne : 000010 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000009; suivant : 000011Do psychiatric patients experience more psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown? A Case-Control Study with Service and Research Implications for Immunopsychiatry.
Auteurs : Fengyi Hao ; Wanqiu Tan ; Li Jiang ; Ling Zhang ; Xinling Zhao ; Yiran Zou ; Yirong Hu ; Xi Luo ; Xiaojiang Jiang ; Roger S. Mcintyre ; Bach Tran ; Jiaqian Sun ; Zhisong Zhang ; Roger Ho ; Cyrus Ho ; Wilson TamSource :
- Brain, behavior, and immunity [ 1090-2139 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
This study aimed to assess and compare the immediate stress and psychological impact experienced by people with and without psychiatric illnesses during the peak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic with strict lockdown measures. Seventy-six psychiatric patients and 109 healthy control subjects were recruited from Chongqing, China and completed a survey on demographic data, physical symptoms during the past 14 days and a range of psychiatric symptoms using the Impact of Event Scale- Revised (IES-R), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). IES-R measures PTSD symptoms in survivorship after an event. DASS -21 is based on tripartite model of psychopathology that comprise a general distress construct with distinct characteristics. The mean IES-R, DASS-21 anxiety, depression and stress subscale and ISI scores were higher in psychiatric patients than healthy controls (p<0.001). Serious worries about their physical health, anger and impulsivity and intense suicidal ideation were significantly higher in psychiatric patients than healthy controls (p<0.05). More than one-third of psychiatric patients might fulfil the diagnostic criteria post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). More than one-quarter of psychiatric patients suffered from moderately severe to severe insomnia. Respondents who reported no change, poor or worse physical health status and had a psychiatric illness were significantly more likely to have higher mean IES-R, DASS depression, anxiety and stress subscale scores and ISI scores (p<0.05). This study confirms the severity of negative psychological impact on psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 epidemic with strict lockdown measures. Understanding the psychological impact on psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to provide insight into how to develop a new immunopsychiatry service. Further research is required to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines between psychiatric patients and healthy controls during the pandemic.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.069
PubMed: 32353518
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China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Wanqiu" sort="Tan, Wanqiu" uniqKey="Tan W" first="Wanqiu" last="Tan">Wanqiu Tan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; The China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Think Tank, Chongqing 400043, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Li" sort="Jiang, Li" uniqKey="Jiang L" first="Li" last="Jiang">Li Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Ling" sort="Zhang, Ling" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Ling" last="Zhang">Ling Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Xinling" sort="Zhao, Xinling" uniqKey="Zhao X" first="Xinling" last="Zhao">Xinling Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zou, Yiran" sort="Zou, Yiran" uniqKey="Zou Y" first="Yiran" last="Zou">Yiran Zou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Yirong" sort="Hu, Yirong" uniqKey="Hu Y" first="Yirong" last="Hu">Yirong Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Xi" sort="Luo, Xi" uniqKey="Luo X" first="Xi" last="Luo">Xi Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Xiaojiang" sort="Jiang, Xiaojiang" uniqKey="Jiang X" first="Xiaojiang" last="Jiang">Xiaojiang Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcintyre, Roger S" sort="Mcintyre, Roger S" uniqKey="Mcintyre R" first="Roger S" last="Mcintyre">Roger S. 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Electronic address: pcmrhcm@nus.edu.sg.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Cyrus" sort="Ho, Cyrus" uniqKey="Ho C" first="Cyrus" last="Ho">Cyrus Ho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tam, Wilson" sort="Tam, Wilson" uniqKey="Tam W" first="Wilson" last="Tam">Wilson Tam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32353518</idno><idno type="pmid">32353518</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.069</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000010</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000010</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Do psychiatric patients experience more psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown? A Case-Control Study with Service and Research Implications for Immunopsychiatry.</title><author><name sortKey="Hao, Fengyi" sort="Hao, Fengyi" uniqKey="Hao F" first="Fengyi" last="Hao">Fengyi Hao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Wanqiu" sort="Tan, Wanqiu" uniqKey="Tan W" first="Wanqiu" last="Tan">Wanqiu Tan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; The China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Think Tank, Chongqing 400043, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Li" sort="Jiang, Li" uniqKey="Jiang L" first="Li" last="Jiang">Li Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Ling" sort="Zhang, Ling" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Ling" last="Zhang">Ling Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Xinling" sort="Zhao, Xinling" uniqKey="Zhao X" first="Xinling" last="Zhao">Xinling Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zou, Yiran" sort="Zou, Yiran" uniqKey="Zou Y" first="Yiran" last="Zou">Yiran Zou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Yirong" sort="Hu, Yirong" uniqKey="Hu Y" first="Yirong" last="Hu">Yirong Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Xi" sort="Luo, Xi" uniqKey="Luo X" first="Xi" last="Luo">Xi Luo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Xiaojiang" sort="Jiang, Xiaojiang" uniqKey="Jiang X" first="Xiaojiang" last="Jiang">Xiaojiang Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcintyre, Roger S" sort="Mcintyre, Roger S" uniqKey="Mcintyre R" first="Roger S" last="Mcintyre">Roger S. Mcintyre</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tran, Bach" sort="Tran, Bach" uniqKey="Tran B" first="Bach" last="Tran">Bach Tran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America; Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sun, Jiaqian" sort="Sun, Jiaqian" uniqKey="Sun J" first="Jiaqian" last="Sun">Jiaqian Sun</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Zhisong" sort="Zhang, Zhisong" uniqKey="Zhang Z" first="Zhisong" last="Zhang">Zhisong Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Roger" sort="Ho, Roger" uniqKey="Ho R" first="Roger" last="Ho">Roger Ho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore. Electronic address: pcmrhcm@nus.edu.sg.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Cyrus" sort="Ho, Cyrus" uniqKey="Ho C" first="Cyrus" last="Ho">Cyrus Ho</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tam, Wilson" sort="Tam, Wilson" uniqKey="Tam W" first="Wilson" last="Tam">Wilson Tam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Brain, behavior, and immunity</title><idno type="eISSN">1090-2139</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study aimed to assess and compare the immediate stress and psychological impact experienced by people with and without psychiatric illnesses during the peak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic with strict lockdown measures. Seventy-six psychiatric patients and 109 healthy control subjects were recruited from Chongqing, China and completed a survey on demographic data, physical symptoms during the past 14 days and a range of psychiatric symptoms using the Impact of Event Scale- Revised (IES-R), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). IES-R measures PTSD symptoms in survivorship after an event. DASS -21 is based on tripartite model of psychopathology that comprise a general distress construct with distinct characteristics. The mean IES-R, DASS-21 anxiety, depression and stress subscale and ISI scores were higher in psychiatric patients than healthy controls (p<0.001). Serious worries about their physical health, anger and impulsivity and intense suicidal ideation were significantly higher in psychiatric patients than healthy controls (p<0.05). More than one-third of psychiatric patients might fulfil the diagnostic criteria post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). More than one-quarter of psychiatric patients suffered from moderately severe to severe insomnia. Respondents who reported no change, poor or worse physical health status and had a psychiatric illness were significantly more likely to have higher mean IES-R, DASS depression, anxiety and stress subscale scores and ISI scores (p<0.05). This study confirms the severity of negative psychological impact on psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 epidemic with strict lockdown measures. Understanding the psychological impact on psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to provide insight into how to develop a new immunopsychiatry service. Further research is required to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines between psychiatric patients and healthy controls during the pandemic.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32353518</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1090-2139</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Apr</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Brain, behavior, and immunity</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Brain Behav. Immun.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Do psychiatric patients experience more psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown? A Case-Control Study with Service and Research Implications for Immunopsychiatry.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0889-1591(20)30626-7</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.069</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study aimed to assess and compare the immediate stress and psychological impact experienced by people with and without psychiatric illnesses during the peak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic with strict lockdown measures. Seventy-six psychiatric patients and 109 healthy control subjects were recruited from Chongqing, China and completed a survey on demographic data, physical symptoms during the past 14 days and a range of psychiatric symptoms using the Impact of Event Scale- Revised (IES-R), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). IES-R measures PTSD symptoms in survivorship after an event. DASS -21 is based on tripartite model of psychopathology that comprise a general distress construct with distinct characteristics. The mean IES-R, DASS-21 anxiety, depression and stress subscale and ISI scores were higher in psychiatric patients than healthy controls (p<0.001). Serious worries about their physical health, anger and impulsivity and intense suicidal ideation were significantly higher in psychiatric patients than healthy controls (p<0.05). More than one-third of psychiatric patients might fulfil the diagnostic criteria post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). More than one-quarter of psychiatric patients suffered from moderately severe to severe insomnia. Respondents who reported no change, poor or worse physical health status and had a psychiatric illness were significantly more likely to have higher mean IES-R, DASS depression, anxiety and stress subscale scores and ISI scores (p<0.05). This study confirms the severity of negative psychological impact on psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 epidemic with strict lockdown measures. Understanding the psychological impact on psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to provide insight into how to develop a new immunopsychiatry service. Further research is required to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines between psychiatric patients and healthy controls during the pandemic.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hao</LastName><ForeName>Fengyi</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tan</LastName><ForeName>Wanqiu</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; The China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Think Tank, Chongqing 400043, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Li</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Ling</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName><ForeName>Xinling</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zou</LastName><ForeName>Yiran</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hu</LastName><ForeName>Yirong</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luo</LastName><ForeName>Xi</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Xiaojiang</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McIntyre</LastName><ForeName>Roger S</ForeName><Initials>RS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tran</LastName><ForeName>Bach</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America; Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sun</LastName><ForeName>Jiaqian</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Zhisong</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ho</LastName><ForeName>Roger</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore. Electronic address: pcmrhcm@nus.edu.sg.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ho</LastName><ForeName>Cyrus</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tam</LastName><ForeName>Wilson</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Brain Behav Immun</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8800478</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0889-1591</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">PTSD</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">anxiety</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">coronavirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">depression</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">epidemic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">immunopsychiatry</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">insomnia</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">lockdown</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">pandemic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">psychiatric illness</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">stress</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">suicide</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32353518</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0889-1591(20)30626-7</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.069</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7184991</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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