COVID 19: Impact of Lock-down on Mental Health and Tips to Overcome
Identifieur interne : 000608 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000607; suivant : 000609COVID 19: Impact of Lock-down on Mental Health and Tips to Overcome
Auteurs : Pavan Hiremath ; C S Suhas Kowshik ; Maitri Manjunath ; Manjunath ShettarSource :
- Asian Journal of Psychiatry [ 1876-2018 ] ; 2020.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102088
PubMed: 32302964
PubMed Central: 7151434
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">COVID 19: Impact of Lock-down on Mental Health and Tips to Overcome</title><author><name sortKey="Hiremath, Pavan" sort="Hiremath, Pavan" uniqKey="Hiremath P" first="Pavan" last="Hiremath">Pavan Hiremath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suhas Kowshik, C S" sort="Suhas Kowshik, C S" uniqKey="Suhas Kowshik C" first="C S" last="Suhas Kowshik">C S Suhas Kowshik</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manjunath, Maitri" sort="Manjunath, Maitri" uniqKey="Manjunath M" first="Maitri" last="Manjunath">Maitri Manjunath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Department of Humanities and Management, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shettar, Manjunath" sort="Shettar, Manjunath" uniqKey="Shettar M" first="Manjunath" last="Shettar">Manjunath Shettar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">32302964</idno><idno type="pmc">7151434</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7151434</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7151434</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102088</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000608</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000608</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">COVID 19: Impact of Lock-down on Mental Health and Tips to Overcome</title><author><name sortKey="Hiremath, Pavan" sort="Hiremath, Pavan" uniqKey="Hiremath P" first="Pavan" last="Hiremath">Pavan Hiremath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suhas Kowshik, C S" sort="Suhas Kowshik, C S" uniqKey="Suhas Kowshik C" first="C S" last="Suhas Kowshik">C S Suhas Kowshik</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manjunath, Maitri" sort="Manjunath, Maitri" uniqKey="Manjunath M" first="Maitri" last="Manjunath">Maitri Manjunath</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Department of Humanities and Management, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shettar, Manjunath" sort="Shettar, Manjunath" uniqKey="Shettar M" first="Manjunath" last="Shettar">Manjunath Shettar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Asian Journal of Psychiatry</title><idno type="ISSN">1876-2018</idno><idno type="eISSN">1876-2026</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Banerjee, D" uniqKey="Banerjee D">D. Banerjee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dickerson, D" uniqKey="Dickerson D">D. Dickerson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lau, H" uniqKey="Lau H">H. Lau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khosrawipour, V" uniqKey="Khosrawipour V">V. Khosrawipour</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kocbach, P" uniqKey="Kocbach P">P. Kocbach</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mikolajczyk, A" uniqKey="Mikolajczyk A">A. Mikolajczyk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schubert, J" uniqKey="Schubert J">J. Schubert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bania, J" uniqKey="Bania J">J. Bania</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khosrawipour, T" uniqKey="Khosrawipour T">T. Khosrawipour</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Qiu, J" uniqKey="Qiu J">J. Qiu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, B" uniqKey="Shen B">B. Shen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, M" uniqKey="Zhao M">M. Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Z" uniqKey="Wang Z">Z. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, B" uniqKey="Xie B">B. Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Y" uniqKey="Xu Y">Y. Xu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zandifar, A" uniqKey="Zandifar A">A. Zandifar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Badrfam, R" uniqKey="Badrfam R">R. Badrfam</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhou, X" uniqKey="Zhou X">X. Zhou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Snoswell, C L" uniqKey="Snoswell C">C.L. Snoswell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harding, L E" uniqKey="Harding L">L.E. Harding</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bambling, M" uniqKey="Bambling M">M. Bambling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edirippulige, S" uniqKey="Edirippulige S">S. Edirippulige</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bai, X" uniqKey="Bai X">X. Bai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, A C" uniqKey="Smith A">A.C. Smith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Asian J Psychiatr</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Asian J Psychiatr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Asian Journal of Psychiatry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1876-2018</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1876-2026</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier B.V.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">32302964</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7151434</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S1876-2018(20)30199-4</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102088</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">102088</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>COVID 19: Impact of Lock-down on Mental Health and Tips to Overcome</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0005"><name><surname>Hiremath</surname><given-names>Pavan</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0010"><name><surname>Suhas Kowshik</surname><given-names>C S</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0015"><name><surname>Manjunath</surname><given-names>Maitri</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0010" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="aut0020"><name><surname>Shettar</surname><given-names>Manjunath</given-names></name><email>manjunath.shettar@manipal.edu</email><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="cor0005" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff0005"><label>a</label>Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</aff><aff id="aff0010"><label>b</label>Department of Humanities and Management, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104 India</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor0005"><label>⁎</label>Corresponding author. <email>manjunath.shettar@manipal.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><elocation-id>102088</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>5</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>6</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder></copyright-holder><license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p></license></permissions><kwd-group id="kwd0005"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>COVID 19</kwd><kwd>Lock-Down</kwd><kwd>mental health</kwd><kwd>Anxiety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><p id="par0005">The prime minister of India has declared a three-week nationwide lock-down starting from midnight the 25th of March, 2020 to the 14th of April, 2020, explaining that it was an essential and effective measure for breaking the COVID-19 infection cycle. Social distancing is a critical means to break the cycle of infection. There is a significant decrease in growth rate and increased doubling time of cases because of the lock-down [<xref rid="bib0015" ref-type="bibr">Lau et al., 2020</xref>].</p><p id="par0010">In addition to various psychological problems like depression, anxiety, and panic disorder, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe threats to the lives and physical health of people around the globe. [<xref rid="bib0020" ref-type="bibr">Qiu et al., 2020</xref>]. In response to the problems posed by the pandemic, various public health strategies such as isolation of infected or at-risk persons, reduction of social contact, and simple hygiene like frequent hand wash, have been advised to reduce the risk of infection. Although isolation helps in achieving the goal of reducing infections, reduced access to family, friends, and other social support systems causes loneliness increasing mental issues like anxiety and depression. [<xref rid="bib0030" ref-type="bibr">Zhou et al., 2020</xref>].</p><p id="par0015">During such stressful situations, the concerned government, hospitals, educational institutions, organizations, and even individuals need to look into psychological intervention and adopt necessary measures. In addition to educating individuals to stay isolated, it is vital to educate and prepare them to face the mental health issues they may endure during the period. Hence, the following tips provided in the table below helps to overcome the impacts of lock-down on mental health [<xref rid="bib0005" ref-type="bibr">Banerjee, 2020</xref>; <xref rid="bib0010" ref-type="bibr">Dickerson, 2020</xref>; <xref rid="bib0025" ref-type="bibr">Zandifar & Badrfam, 2020</xref>]. <table-wrap position="float" id="tbl0005"><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left">Impact</th><th align="left">Tips</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">Anxiety</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label><p id="par0020">Recognize the fear. Remember that you are not isolated in feeling insecure.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label><p id="par0025">Planning the daily routines helps in adapting quickly and managing anxiety.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label><p id="par0030">Divide your time clearly as work and non-work times. Make the same division in your headspace too.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0020"><label>•</label><p id="par0035">Identify an activity/hobby that brings you joy and perform it.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0025"><label>•</label><p id="par0040">Working in short bursts with clear breaks will help to maintain your clarity of thought.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Loneliness</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0010"><list-item id="lsti0030"><label>•</label><p id="par0045">Several community teams have developed interactive platforms. Be active in groups you like.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0035"><label>•</label><p id="par0050">Spend time with loved ones.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0040"><label>•</label><p id="par0055">Be in touch with friends, family, and colleagues over social media or the phone.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0045"><label>•</label><p id="par0060">Pick a new hobby. Learn something new every day. Keep your mind engaged.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0050"><label>•</label><p id="par0065">Pen down your thoughts and emotions regularly.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Difficulty in concentrating, low motivation and a state of distraction</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0015"><list-item id="lsti0055"><label>•</label><p id="par0070">Remember, It takes time to adapt.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0060"><label>•</label><p id="par0075">Pick a physical activity of your choice like Yoga or even simple stretches. Spend atleast one hour per day on your physical health.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0065"><label>•</label><p id="par0080">It is a good idea to meditate. Meditation improves concentration.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0070"><label>•</label><p id="par0085">It is important to be rational regarding the expectations we set for ourselves as well as for those in care of us. Do not have high expectations of others because they are sailing in the same boat.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Stress threshold<break></break></td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0020"><list-item id="lsti0075"><label>•</label><p id="par0090">Prioritize your physical and mental health</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0080"><label>•</label><p id="par0095">Exercise regularly, eat healthy food and sleep thoroughly.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0085"><label>•</label><p id="par0100">It is a good idea to meditate. Meditation improves concentration and reduces mental stress.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Negative emotional spirals</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0025"><list-item id="lsti0090"><label>•</label><p id="par0105">Do not Google symptoms of any disease, trust doctors.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0095"><label>•</label><p id="par0110">Avoid frequently checking the latest COVID statistics.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0100"><label>•</label><p id="par0115">Do not be hesitant to seek help.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0105"><label>•</label><p id="par0120">Keep time aside every day for breathing exercises and meditation.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Desperation</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0030"><list-item id="lsti0110"><label>•</label><p id="par0125">People with habits like smoking and alcohol consuming, are desperate to have cigarettes or alcohol. Take this positively as a challenge to change habits by engaging yourself in meditation or Yoga.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0115"><label>•</label><p id="par0130">Distract yourself with new hobbies or family discussions when you feel the urge to smoke or drink.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Panic and fear</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0035"><list-item id="lsti0120"><label>•</label><p id="par0135">Keep in mind; you are not alone.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0125"><label>•</label><p id="par0140">Be frank about experiencing panic and fear.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0130"><label>•</label><p id="par0145">Consult the doctor or the person you trust to share your feelings and something uplifting.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Financial strain</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0040"><list-item id="lsti0135"><label>•</label><p id="par0150">Consult a financial advisor over the phone and common platform to discuss new government policies.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0140"><label>•</label><p id="par0155">Also, it is good practice to read about various investment and earning options.</p></list-item></list></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Apprehension about Future</td><td align="left"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0045"><list-item id="lsti0145"><label>•</label><p id="par0160">It is common to have apprehensions and panic regarding the future. However, worrying does not help.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0150"><label>•</label><p id="par0165">Avoid speculation and focus on facts. Do not believe everything you read. Confirm your suspicions.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0155"><label>•</label><p id="par0170">Remember, humanity has seen worse, and every time we have bounced back. We will, again. Being hopeful is the key.</p></list-item></list></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></p><p id="par0175">Mental health is a crucial aspect that needs to be addressed during this lock-down as all modes of communication revolve around the virus.</p><p id="par0180">Although every single citizen needs to contribute to this war against the virus by performing all the necessary measures, especially social distancing, the government of India has clearly understood that it cannot be fought alone. The government of India is performing on several fronts to preserve the mental health and morale of all the citizens. The central government has taken measures in this regard and has ensured the seepage of rules and measures to both state and local administration. The following are some of the measures, which directly or indirectly contribute to the mental health of the citizens of the country:</p><sec id="sec0005"><label>1</label><title>Information sharing through website to reduce ambiguity and/or panic</title><p id="par0185"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0050"><list-item id="lsti0160"><label>•</label><p id="par0190">The government-controlled COVID 19 website, <underline>‘</underline><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.mygov.in/covid-19/" id="intr0005">https://www.mygov.in/covid-19/</ext-link><italic><underline>’</underline>,</italic> provides all the necessary information related to the pandemic. This includes videos and readable material on the infection and the necessary measures to be undertaken.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0165"><label>•</label><p id="par0195">This website provides essential real-time information regarding the actual count of cases found to be positive, the number of recovered cases and the number of deaths. This helps citizens to know official information rather than panicking over false information.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0170"><label>•</label><p id="par0200">Further, to ensure that there is no ambiguity among citizens regarding any false/unverified information in social media, the website provides a section on ‘Myth Busters.’</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0175"><label>•</label><p id="par0205">Various helpline numbers have been shared through the website. The government has launched a central helpline number for corona-virus: - +91-11-23978046, for any inquiry about COVID 19.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0180"><label>•</label><p id="par0210">Also, very essentially, and in relevance to the topic of this article, a toll-free helpline number “+91-80-45110007” has been launched by the “National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences” (NIMHANS), a Bengaluru based premier medical institution.</p></list-item></list></p></sec><sec id="sec0010"><label>2</label><title>Training and Development activities</title><p id="par0215"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0055"><list-item id="lsti0185"><label>•</label><p id="par0220">The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, has provided health advisories, videos, posters and even conducted webinars on handling mental health issues of individuals and children. More information on the same can be obtained at <underline>‘</underline><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.mohfw.gov.in/" id="intr0010">https://www.mohfw.gov.in/</ext-link>,’ a government-administered website.</p></list-item></list></p></sec><sec id="sec0015"><label>3</label><title>Measures to reduce Financial strain</title><p id="par0225"><list list-type="simple" id="lis0060"><list-item id="lsti0190"><label>•</label><p id="par0230">The latest step to reduce the financial strain on citizens is an optional moratorium on EMIs of loans. In respect of all term loans (including agricultural term loans, retail and crop loans), all commercial banks (including regional rural banks, small finance banks, and local area banks), co-operative banks, all-India Financial Institutions, and NBFCs (including housing finance companies) (“lending institutions”) are permitted to grant a moratorium of three months on payment of all instalments falling due between 1<sup>st</sup> March 2020 and 31<sup>st</sup> May 2020. The repayment schedule for such loans as also the residual tenor will be shifted across the board by three months after the moratorium period.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0195"><label>•</label><p id="par0235">In respect of working capital facilities sanctioned in the form of cash credit/overdraft (“CC/OD”), lending institutions are permitted to defer the recovery of interest applied in respect of all such facilities during the period from 1<sup>st</sup> March 2020 and 31<sup>st</sup> May 2020 (“deferment”).</p></list-item></list></p><p id="par0240">Hence, this article addresses some of the necessary information regarding the challenges of mental health and the probable quick fixes, go-to points of contact, and other relevant information. It is imperative that every individual take care of their physical and mental health to stop the ongoing pandemic.</p></sec><sec id="sec0020"><title>Funding Statement</title><p id="par0245">This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors</p></sec><sec sec-type="COI-statement"><title>Declaration of Competing Interest</title><p id="par0250">The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</p></sec></body><back><ref-list id="bibl0005"><title>References</title><ref id="bib0005"><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0005"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Banerjee</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>The COVID-19 outbreak: Crucial role the psychiatrists can play</article-title><source>Asian Journal of Psychiatry</source><volume>50</volume><year>2020</year><object-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">102014</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0010"><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0010"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Dickerson</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Seven tips to manage your mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak</article-title><source>Nature</source><year>2020</year></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0015"><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0015"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Lau</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><name><surname>Khosrawipour</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name><name><surname>Kocbach</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><name><surname>Mikolajczyk</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name><surname>Schubert</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><name><surname>Bania</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><name><surname>Khosrawipour</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>The positive impact of lock-down in Wuhan on containing the COVID-19 outbreak in China</article-title><source>Journal of Travel Medicine</source><year>2020</year></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0020"><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0020"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Qiu</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><name><surname>Shen</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name><name><surname>Zhao</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Z.</given-names></name><name><surname>Xie</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name><name><surname>Xu</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations</article-title><source>General Psychiatry</source><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><year>2020</year><object-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">e100213</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0025"><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0025"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Zandifar</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name><surname>Badrfam</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic</article-title><source>Asian Journal of Psychiatry</source><volume>51</volume><year>2020</year><object-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">101990</object-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0030"><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0030"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Zhou</surname><given-names>X.</given-names></name><name><surname>Snoswell</surname><given-names>C.L.</given-names></name><name><surname>Harding</surname><given-names>L.E.</given-names></name><name><surname>Bambling</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name><surname>Edirippulige</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><name><surname>Bai</surname><given-names>X.</given-names></name><name><surname>Smith</surname><given-names>A.C.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>The Role of Telehealth in Reducing the Mental Health Burden from COVID-19</article-title><source>Telemedicine and E-Health</source><year>2020</year><comment>tmj.2020.0068</comment></element-citation></ref></ref-list><ack id="ack0005"><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>None.</p></ack></back></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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