Is Returning to Work during the COVID-19 Pandemic Stressful? A Study on Immediate Mental Health Status and Psychoneuroimmunity Prevention Measures of Chinese Workforce
Identifieur interne : 000343 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000342; suivant : 000344Is Returning to Work during the COVID-19 Pandemic Stressful? A Study on Immediate Mental Health Status and Psychoneuroimmunity Prevention Measures of Chinese Workforce
Auteurs : Wanqiu Tan [République populaire de Chine, Singapour] ; Fengyi Hao ; Roger S. Mcintyre [Canada] ; Li Jiang ; Xiaojiang Jiang [République populaire de Chine] ; Ling Zhang ; Xinling Zhao ; Yiran Zou ; Yirong Hu ; Xi Luo ; Zhisong Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Andre Lai [République populaire de Chine, Singapour] ; Roger Ho [Singapour] ; Bach Tran [États-Unis, Viêt Nam] ; Cyrus Ho [Singapour] ; Wilson Tam [Singapour]Source :
- Brain, Behavior, and Immunity [ 0889-1591 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
The psychological effects of returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown. 10.8% of respondents suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder after returning to work. Returning to work had not caused a high level of psychiatric symptoms in the workforce. Psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures were associated with less psychiatric symptoms. More executives practiced hand hygiene and more workers avoided sharing utensils. Psychoneuroimmunity measures of the Chinese workforce can be applied to other countries.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.055
PubMed: 32335200
PubMed Central: 7179503
Affiliations:
- Canada, République populaire de Chine, Singapour, Viêt Nam, États-Unis
- Maryland
- Université nationale de Singapour
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<author><name sortKey="Zou, Yiran" sort="Zou, Yiran" uniqKey="Zou Y" first="Yiran" last="Zou">Yiran Zou</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Hu, Yirong" sort="Hu, Yirong" uniqKey="Hu Y" first="Yirong" last="Hu">Yirong Hu</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Luo, Xi" sort="Luo, Xi" uniqKey="Luo X" first="Xi" last="Luo">Xi Luo</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ho, Roger" sort="Ho, Roger" uniqKey="Ho R" first="Roger" last="Ho">Roger Ho</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tran, Bach" sort="Tran, Bach" uniqKey="Tran B" first="Bach" last="Tran">Bach Tran</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ho, Cyrus" sort="Ho, Cyrus" uniqKey="Ho C" first="Cyrus" last="Ho">Cyrus Ho</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tam, Wilson" sort="Tam, Wilson" uniqKey="Tam W" first="Wilson" last="Tam">Wilson Tam</name>
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<series><title level="j">Brain, Behavior, and Immunity</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0889-1591</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1090-2139</idno>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Highlights</title>
<p><list list-type="simple" id="l0005"><list-item id="o0005"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0005">The psychological effects of returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0010"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0010">10.8% of respondents suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder after returning to work.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0015"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0015">Returning to work had not caused a high level of psychiatric symptoms in the workforce.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0020"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0020">Psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures were associated with less psychiatric symptoms.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0025"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0025">More executives practiced hand hygiene and more workers avoided sharing utensils.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0030"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0030">Psychoneuroimmunity measures of the Chinese workforce can be applied to other countries.</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bastien, C H" uniqKey="Bastien C">C.H. Bastien</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vallieres, A" uniqKey="Vallieres A">A. Vallières</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Morin, C M" uniqKey="Morin C">C.M. Morin</name>
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</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, A O" uniqKey="Chan A">A.O. Chan</name>
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<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Evans, J" uniqKey="Evans J">J. Evans</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Repper, J" uniqKey="Repper J">J. Repper</name>
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<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ho, C S" uniqKey="Ho C">C.S. Ho</name>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Brain Behav Immun</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Brain Behav. Immun</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Brain, Behavior, and Immunity</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="ppub">0889-1591</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1090-2139</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier Inc.</publisher-name>
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<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7179503</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0889-1591(20)30603-6</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.055</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
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<given-names>Wilson</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="af055" ref-type="aff">k</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="af005"><label>a</label>
The China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Think Tank, Chongqing 400043, China</aff>
<aff id="af010"><label>b</label>
Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore</aff>
<aff id="af015"><label>c</label>
The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing. China</aff>
<aff id="af020"><label>d</label>
Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</aff>
<aff id="af025"><label>e</label>
Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China</aff>
<aff id="af030"><label>f</label>
Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China</aff>
<aff id="af035"><label>g</label>
Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore</aff>
<aff id="af040"><label>h</label>
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA</aff>
<aff id="af045"><label>i</label>
Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam</aff>
<aff id="af050"><label>j</label>
Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore</aff>
<aff id="af055"><label>k</label>
Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>⁎</label>
Corresponding author at: Department of Psychological Medicine, Level 9, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore. <email>pcmrhcm@nus.edu.sg</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>23</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2020</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>21</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2020</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>21</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2020</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder></copyright-holder>
<license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract abstract-type="author-highlights" id="ab005"><title>Highlights</title>
<p><list list-type="simple" id="l0005"><list-item id="o0005"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0005">The psychological effects of returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0010"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0010">10.8% of respondents suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder after returning to work.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0015"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0015">Returning to work had not caused a high level of psychiatric symptoms in the workforce.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0020"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0020">Psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures were associated with less psychiatric symptoms.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0025"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0025">More executives practiced hand hygiene and more workers avoided sharing utensils.</p>
</list-item>
<list-item id="o0030"><label>•</label>
<p id="p0030">Psychoneuroimmunity measures of the Chinese workforce can be applied to other countries.</p>
</list-item>
</list>
</p>
</abstract>
<abstract id="ab010"><p>This study aimed to quantify the immediate psychological effects and psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures of a workforce returning to work during the COVID-19 epidemic. Workforce returning to work was invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding their attitude toward the COVID-19 epidemic and return-to-work along with psychological parameters including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale- 21 (DASS-21) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures include precautions at personal and organization levels. From 673 valid questionnaires, we found that 10.8% of respondents met the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after returning to work. The respondents reported a low prevalence of anxiety (3.8%), depression (3.7%), stress (1.5%) and insomnia (2.3%). There were no significant differences in the severity of psychiatric symptoms between workers/technicians and executives/managers. More than 95% reported psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures including good ventilation in the workplace and wore a face mask as protective. Factors that were associated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms in the workforce were marital status, presence of physical symptom, poor physical health and viewing return to work as a health hazard (p<0.05). In contrast, personal psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures including hand hygiene and wearing face masks as well as organizational measures including significant improvement of workplace hygiene and concerns from the company were associated with less severe psychiatric symptoms (p<0.05). Contrary to expectations, returning to work had not caused a high level of psychiatric symptoms in the workforce. The low prevalence of psychiatric symptoms could be due to confidence instilled by psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures before the resumption of work. Our findings would provide information for other countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group id="kg005"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>anxiety</kwd>
<kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
<kwd>coronavirus</kwd>
<kwd>depression</kwd>
<kwd>pandemic</kwd>
<kwd>insomnia</kwd>
<kwd>occupational health mental health</kwd>
<kwd>quarantine</kwd>
<kwd>PTSD</kwd>
<kwd>stress</kwd>
<kwd>suicide</kwd>
<kwd>workers</kwd>
<kwd>workforce</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li>
<li>République populaire de Chine</li>
<li>Singapour</li>
<li>Viêt Nam</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Maryland</li>
</region>
<orgName><li>Université nationale de Singapour</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Hao, Fengyi" sort="Hao, Fengyi" uniqKey="Hao F" first="Fengyi" last="Hao">Fengyi Hao</name>
<name sortKey="Hu, Yirong" sort="Hu, Yirong" uniqKey="Hu Y" first="Yirong" last="Hu">Yirong Hu</name>
<name sortKey="Jiang, Li" sort="Jiang, Li" uniqKey="Jiang L" first="Li" last="Jiang">Li Jiang</name>
<name sortKey="Luo, Xi" sort="Luo, Xi" uniqKey="Luo X" first="Xi" last="Luo">Xi Luo</name>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Ling" sort="Zhang, Ling" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Ling" last="Zhang">Ling Zhang</name>
<name sortKey="Zhao, Xinling" sort="Zhao, Xinling" uniqKey="Zhao X" first="Xinling" last="Zhao">Xinling Zhao</name>
<name sortKey="Zou, Yiran" sort="Zou, Yiran" uniqKey="Zou Y" first="Yiran" last="Zou">Yiran Zou</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tan, Wanqiu" sort="Tan, Wanqiu" uniqKey="Tan W" first="Wanqiu" last="Tan">Wanqiu Tan</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Jiang, Xiaojiang" sort="Jiang, Xiaojiang" uniqKey="Jiang X" first="Xiaojiang" last="Jiang">Xiaojiang Jiang</name>
<name sortKey="Lai, Andre" sort="Lai, Andre" uniqKey="Lai A" first="Andre" last="Lai">Andre Lai</name>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Zhisong" sort="Zhang, Zhisong" uniqKey="Zhang Z" first="Zhisong" last="Zhang">Zhisong Zhang</name>
</country>
<country name="Singapour"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tan, Wanqiu" sort="Tan, Wanqiu" uniqKey="Tan W" first="Wanqiu" last="Tan">Wanqiu Tan</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Ho, Cyrus" sort="Ho, Cyrus" uniqKey="Ho C" first="Cyrus" last="Ho">Cyrus Ho</name>
<name sortKey="Ho, Cyrus" sort="Ho, Cyrus" uniqKey="Ho C" first="Cyrus" last="Ho">Cyrus Ho</name>
<name sortKey="Ho, Roger" sort="Ho, Roger" uniqKey="Ho R" first="Roger" last="Ho">Roger Ho</name>
<name sortKey="Ho, Roger" sort="Ho, Roger" uniqKey="Ho R" first="Roger" last="Ho">Roger Ho</name>
<name sortKey="Lai, Andre" sort="Lai, Andre" uniqKey="Lai A" first="Andre" last="Lai">Andre Lai</name>
<name sortKey="Tam, Wilson" sort="Tam, Wilson" uniqKey="Tam W" first="Wilson" last="Tam">Wilson Tam</name>
</country>
<country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mcintyre, Roger S" sort="Mcintyre, Roger S" uniqKey="Mcintyre R" first="Roger S." last="Mcintyre">Roger S. Mcintyre</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis"><region name="Maryland"><name sortKey="Tran, Bach" sort="Tran, Bach" uniqKey="Tran B" first="Bach" last="Tran">Bach Tran</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Viêt Nam"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tran, Bach" sort="Tran, Bach" uniqKey="Tran B" first="Bach" last="Tran">Bach Tran</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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