Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
Identifieur interne : 001393 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 001392; suivant : 001394Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
Auteurs : Meghana Aruru [États-Unis] ; Hoai-An Truong [États-Unis] ; Suzanne Clark [États-Unis]Source :
- Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy [ 1551-7411 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ensuring medication safety and access during natural disasters and pandemics. Pharmacy professionals are considered essential partners in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Community and hospital pharmacies are expanding services and hours to provide essential services, putting pharmacists and their co-workers at the frontlines for patient care and safety to improve public health. In addition, pharmacy professionals are increasingly integrating into global, national, state and local EP&R efforts, including into interprofessional teams, such as Medical Reserve Corps (MRCs). However, lacunae exist for further integration of pharmacists into public health and safety initiatives. There are increasing opportunities and recommendations that should be expanded upon to provide improved patient care and population health intervention, and to ensure healthcare worker and public health safety.
Develop a Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) Framework and recommendations for pharmacy professional pathways towards full integration within public health EP&R efforts (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and enhanced recognition of pharmacists’ skills, roles and contributions as integral members of the interprofessional healthcare team.
This paper draws on the
Based on the methods and resources utilized in developing this PEPR framework, five key focus areas were identified as follow: Emergency preparedness and response Operations management Patient care and population health interventions Public health pharmacy education and continuing professional education Evaluation, research and dissemination for impact and outcomes
and Recommendations: Pharmacists and pharmacy professionals have been at the frontlines in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, challenges remain, such as limited availability of personal protection equipment, high risk of infectious exposures inherent in healthcare professions, and legislative hurdles resulting in lack of provider status and related reimbursements. Recommendations to enhance pharmacy's scope as public health professionals involved in EP&R include targeted training and education on key framework areas and policymaking. Pharmacy professionals should further integrate with interdisciplinary public health teams. Additional research and dissemination on impacts and outcomes of EP&R can enhance recognition of pharmacy professionals' contribution and value during public health emergencies. The PEPR Framework can be utilized to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate results in order to strengthen existing efforts and to establish new initiatives in EP&R.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002
PubMed: NONE
PubMed Central: 7146711
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000325
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000325
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000239
Links to Exploration step
PMC:7146711Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond</title><author><name sortKey="Aruru, Meghana" sort="Aruru, Meghana" uniqKey="Aruru M" first="Meghana" last="Aruru">Meghana Aruru</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 5607 Baum Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 5607 Baum Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>15206</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truong, Hoai An" sort="Truong, Hoai An" uniqKey="Truong H" first="Hoai-An" last="Truong">Hoai-An Truong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, 30665 Student Services Center, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, 30665 Student Services Center, Princess Anne, MD, 21853</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>21853</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clark, Suzanne" sort="Clark, Suzanne" uniqKey="Clark S" first="Suzanne" last="Clark">Suzanne Clark</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>95757</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmc">7146711</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7146711</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7146711</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002</idno><idno type="pmid">NONE</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000325</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000325</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000325</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000325</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000239</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000239</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001393</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond</title><author><name sortKey="Aruru, Meghana" sort="Aruru, Meghana" uniqKey="Aruru M" first="Meghana" last="Aruru">Meghana Aruru</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 5607 Baum Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 5607 Baum Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>15206</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truong, Hoai An" sort="Truong, Hoai An" uniqKey="Truong H" first="Hoai-An" last="Truong">Hoai-An Truong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, 30665 Student Services Center, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, 30665 Student Services Center, Princess Anne, MD, 21853</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>21853</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clark, Suzanne" sort="Clark, Suzanne" uniqKey="Clark S" first="Suzanne" last="Clark">Suzanne Clark</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>95757</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy</title><idno type="ISSN">1551-7411</idno><idno type="eISSN">1934-8150</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ensuring medication safety and access during natural disasters and pandemics. Pharmacy professionals are considered essential partners in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Community and hospital pharmacies are expanding services and hours to provide essential services, putting pharmacists and their co-workers at the frontlines for patient care and safety to improve public health. In addition, pharmacy professionals are increasingly integrating into global, national, state and local EP&R efforts, including into interprofessional teams, such as Medical Reserve Corps (MRCs). However, lacunae exist for further integration of pharmacists into public health and safety initiatives. There are increasing opportunities and recommendations that should be expanded upon to provide improved patient care and population health intervention, and to ensure healthcare worker and public health safety.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Develop a Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) Framework and recommendations for pharmacy professional pathways towards full integration within public health EP&R efforts (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and enhanced recognition of pharmacists’ skills, roles and contributions as integral members of the interprofessional healthcare team.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>This paper draws on the <italic>American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) 2003 Statement on the Role of Health-System Pharmacists in Emergency Preparedness</italic> and lessons learned from previous and current public health emergencies, such as the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the current COVID-19 pandemic, to provide expanded guidance for pharmacists and pharmacy professionals across all practice settings in EP&R. The PEPR framework also incorporates information and recommendations from <italic>The Pharmacy Organizations’ Joint Policy Recommendations to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic</italic> (March 2020), CDC-NIOSH, Health Departments and Emergency Preparedness guidance and resources, Boards of Pharmacy, and other pharmacy professional organizations and educational institutions.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Based on the methods and resources utilized in developing this PEPR framework, five key focus areas were identified as follow:<list list-type="simple" id="olist0019"><list-item id="o0017"><label>1)</label><p id="p0015">Emergency preparedness and response</p></list-item><list-item id="o0012"><label>2)</label><p id="p0020">Operations management</p></list-item><list-item id="o002j"><label>3)</label><p id="p0025">Patient care and population health interventions</p></list-item><list-item id="o002f"><label>4)</label><p id="p0030">Public health pharmacy education and continuing professional education</p></list-item><list-item id="o0032"><label>5)</label><p id="p0035">Evaluation, research and dissemination for impact and outcomes</p></list-item></list></p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>and Recommendations: Pharmacists and pharmacy professionals have been at the frontlines in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, challenges remain, such as limited availability of personal protection equipment, high risk of infectious exposures inherent in healthcare professions, and legislative hurdles resulting in lack of provider status and related reimbursements. Recommendations to enhance pharmacy's scope as public health professionals involved in EP&R include targeted training and education on key framework areas and policymaking. Pharmacy professionals should further integrate with interdisciplinary public health teams. Additional research and dissemination on impacts and outcomes of EP&R can enhance recognition of pharmacy professionals' contribution and value during public health emergencies. The PEPR Framework can be utilized to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate results in order to strengthen existing efforts and to establish new initiatives in EP&R.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cadogan, C A" uniqKey="Cadogan C">C.A. Cadogan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hughes, C M" uniqKey="Hughes C">C.M. Hughes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ung, C O L" uniqKey="Ung C">C.O.L. Ung</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zheng, S" uniqKey="Zheng S">S. Zheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, L" uniqKey="Yang L">L. Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, P" uniqKey="Zhou P">P. Zhou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, H" uniqKey="Li H">H. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, F" uniqKey="Liu F">F. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, R" uniqKey="Zhao R">R. Zhao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Amariles, P" uniqKey="Amariles P">P. Amariles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Granados, J" uniqKey="Granados J">J. Granados</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ceballos, M" uniqKey="Ceballos M">M. Ceballos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Montoya, C J" uniqKey="Montoya C">C.J. Montoya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brown, J D" uniqKey="Brown J">J.D. Brown</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ron, Carico R" uniqKey="Ron C">Carico R. Ron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sheppard, J" uniqKey="Sheppard J">J. Sheppard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, C B" uniqKey="Thomas C">C.B. Thomas</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Clark, S" uniqKey="Clark S">S. Clark</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dipietro Mager, N A" uniqKey="Dipietro Mager N">N.A. DiPietro-Mager</name></author><author><name sortKey="Truong Ha, A M" uniqKey="Truong Ha A">A.M. Truong Ha</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aldrich, N" uniqKey="Aldrich N">N. Aldrich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benson, W F" uniqKey="Benson W">W.F. Benson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Miller, S" uniqKey="Miller S">S. Miller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, N" uniqKey="Patel N">N. Patel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vadala, T" uniqKey="Vadala T">T. Vadala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abrons, J" uniqKey="Abrons J">J. Abrons</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cerulli, J" uniqKey="Cerulli J">J. Cerulli</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Emanuel, E J" uniqKey="Emanuel E">E.J. Emanuel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Persad, G" uniqKey="Persad G">G. Persad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Upshur, R" uniqKey="Upshur R">R. Upshur</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Office Of The Assistant Secretary For Preparedness, H" uniqKey="Office Of The Assistant Secretary For Preparedness H">H. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Deguire, N" uniqKey="Deguire N">N. Deguire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fjortoft, N" uniqKey="Fjortoft N">N. Fjortoft</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duncan, W" uniqKey="Duncan W">W. Duncan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kolata, G" uniqKey="Kolata G">G. Kolata</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cheng, V C C" uniqKey="Cheng V">V.C.C. Cheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, J F W" uniqKey="Chan J">J.F.W. Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="To, K K W" uniqKey="To K">K.K.W. To</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, K Y" uniqKey="Yuen K">K.Y. Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gudi, S K" uniqKey="Gudi S">S.K. Gudi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tiwari, K K" uniqKey="Tiwari K">K.K. Tiwari</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peckham, R" uniqKey="Peckham R">R. Peckham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maine, L" uniqKey="Maine L">L. Maine</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Covvey, J R" uniqKey="Covvey J">J.R. Covvey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pharm, D" uniqKey="Pharm D">D. Pharm</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Medina, M S" uniqKey="Medina M">M.S. Medina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Plaza, C M" uniqKey="Plaza C">C.M. Plaza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stowe, C D" uniqKey="Stowe C">C.D. Stowe</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hannings, A N" uniqKey="Hannings A">A.N. Hannings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Von Waldner, T" uniqKey="Von Waldner T">T. von Waldner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcewen, D W" uniqKey="Mcewen D">D.W. McEwen</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, C A" uniqKey="White C">C.A. White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Feret, B" uniqKey="Feret B">B. Feret</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bratberg, J" uniqKey="Bratberg J">J. Bratberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pate, A" uniqKey="Pate A">A. Pate</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bratberg, J P" uniqKey="Bratberg J">J.P. Bratberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robertson, C" uniqKey="Robertson C">C. Robertson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, G" uniqKey="Smith G">G. Smith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Von Waldner, T" uniqKey="Von Waldner T">T. von Waldner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shepherd, G" uniqKey="Shepherd G">G. Shepherd</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, C A" uniqKey="White C">C.A. White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hurd, P" uniqKey="Hurd P">P. Hurd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mount, J" uniqKey="Mount J">J. Mount</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Montello, M" uniqKey="Montello M">M. Montello</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pincock, L L" uniqKey="Pincock L">L.L. Pincock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Terriff, C" uniqKey="Terriff C">C. Terriff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Carter, J" uniqKey="Carter J">J. Carter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Slack, M" uniqKey="Slack M">M. Slack</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Krenzelok, E P" uniqKey="Krenzelok E">E.P. Krenzelok</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Giberson, S" uniqKey="Giberson S">S. Giberson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, C" uniqKey="Thomas C">C. Thomas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burden, R Y N" uniqKey="Burden R">R.Y.N. Burden</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="discussion"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Res Social Adm Pharm</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Res Social Adm Pharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1551-7411</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1934-8150</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier Inc.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7146711</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S1551-7411(20)30323-5</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au1"><name><surname>Aruru</surname><given-names>Meghana</given-names></name><email>meghana.aruru@gmail.com</email><xref rid="aff1" ref-type="aff">a</xref><xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp">∗</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au2"><name><surname>Truong</surname><given-names>Hoai-An</given-names></name><email>htruong@umes.edu</email><xref rid="aff2" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au3"><name><surname>Clark</surname><given-names>Suzanne</given-names></name><email>Suzanne.clark@cnsu.edu</email><xref rid="aff3" ref-type="aff">c</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, 5607 Baum Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, 30665 Student Services Center, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, USA</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Corresponding author. <email>meghana.aruru@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><history><date date-type="received"><day>3</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>3</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder></copyright-holder><license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="abs0010"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ensuring medication safety and access during natural disasters and pandemics. Pharmacy professionals are considered essential partners in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Community and hospital pharmacies are expanding services and hours to provide essential services, putting pharmacists and their co-workers at the frontlines for patient care and safety to improve public health. In addition, pharmacy professionals are increasingly integrating into global, national, state and local EP&R efforts, including into interprofessional teams, such as Medical Reserve Corps (MRCs). However, lacunae exist for further integration of pharmacists into public health and safety initiatives. There are increasing opportunities and recommendations that should be expanded upon to provide improved patient care and population health intervention, and to ensure healthcare worker and public health safety.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Develop a Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) Framework and recommendations for pharmacy professional pathways towards full integration within public health EP&R efforts (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and enhanced recognition of pharmacists’ skills, roles and contributions as integral members of the interprofessional healthcare team.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>This paper draws on the <italic>American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) 2003 Statement on the Role of Health-System Pharmacists in Emergency Preparedness</italic> and lessons learned from previous and current public health emergencies, such as the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the current COVID-19 pandemic, to provide expanded guidance for pharmacists and pharmacy professionals across all practice settings in EP&R. The PEPR framework also incorporates information and recommendations from <italic>The Pharmacy Organizations’ Joint Policy Recommendations to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic</italic> (March 2020), CDC-NIOSH, Health Departments and Emergency Preparedness guidance and resources, Boards of Pharmacy, and other pharmacy professional organizations and educational institutions.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Based on the methods and resources utilized in developing this PEPR framework, five key focus areas were identified as follow:<list list-type="simple" id="olist0019"><list-item id="o0017"><label>1)</label><p id="p0015">Emergency preparedness and response</p></list-item><list-item id="o0012"><label>2)</label><p id="p0020">Operations management</p></list-item><list-item id="o002j"><label>3)</label><p id="p0025">Patient care and population health interventions</p></list-item><list-item id="o002f"><label>4)</label><p id="p0030">Public health pharmacy education and continuing professional education</p></list-item><list-item id="o0032"><label>5)</label><p id="p0035">Evaluation, research and dissemination for impact and outcomes</p></list-item></list></p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>and Recommendations: Pharmacists and pharmacy professionals have been at the frontlines in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, challenges remain, such as limited availability of personal protection equipment, high risk of infectious exposures inherent in healthcare professions, and legislative hurdles resulting in lack of provider status and related reimbursements. Recommendations to enhance pharmacy's scope as public health professionals involved in EP&R include targeted training and education on key framework areas and policymaking. Pharmacy professionals should further integrate with interdisciplinary public health teams. Additional research and dissemination on impacts and outcomes of EP&R can enhance recognition of pharmacy professionals' contribution and value during public health emergencies. The PEPR Framework can be utilized to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate results in order to strengthen existing efforts and to establish new initiatives in EP&R.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group id="kwrds0010"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Emergency preparedness and response</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>Public health emergency</kwd><kwd>Pandemic</kwd><kwd>Pharmacists</kwd><kwd>Pharmacy professionals</kwd><kwd>Provider status</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Aruru, Meghana" sort="Aruru, Meghana" uniqKey="Aruru M" first="Meghana" last="Aruru">Meghana Aruru</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Clark, Suzanne" sort="Clark, Suzanne" uniqKey="Clark S" first="Suzanne" last="Clark">Suzanne Clark</name><name sortKey="Truong, Hoai An" sort="Truong, Hoai An" uniqKey="Truong H" first="Hoai-An" last="Truong">Hoai-An Truong</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/StressCovidV1/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001393 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 001393 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= StressCovidV1
|flux= Ncbi
|étape= Merge
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:7146711
|texte= Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:NONE" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a StressCovidV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |