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Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV.

Identifieur interne : 000483 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000482; suivant : 000484

Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV.

Source :

Nature communications [ 2041-1723 ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:32221306

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Antibodies, Viral (immunology), Betacoronavirus (chemistry), Betacoronavirus (immunology), Betacoronavirus (physiology), Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (immunology), Calcium Channels (metabolism), Cathepsin L (metabolism), Cathepsins (antagonists & inhibitors), Cathepsins (metabolism), Cell Fusion, Coronavirus Infections (immunology), Cross Reactions, Endocytosis, Giant Cells (physiology), HEK293 Cells, Humans, Neutralization Tests, Pandemics, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (metabolism), Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (metabolism), Pneumonia, Viral (immunology), Protein Domains, Protein Multimerization, Receptors, Virus (metabolism), SARS Virus (immunology), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (immunology), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (chemistry), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (immunology), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (metabolism), Trypsin (metabolism), Virus Internalization.
MESH :
- chemical , antagonists & inhibitors : Cathepsins.
- chemical , chemistry : Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus.
- chemical , immunology : Antibodies, Viral, Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus.
- chemistry : Betacoronavirus.
- immunology : Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral, SARS Virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- chemical , metabolism : Calcium Channels, Cathepsin L, Cathepsins, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Receptors, Virus, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Trypsin.
- physiology : Betacoronavirus, Giant Cells.
- Cell Fusion, Cross Reactions, Endocytosis, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Neutralization Tests, Pandemics, Protein Domains, Protein Multimerization, Virus Internalization.

Abstract

Since 2002, beta coronaviruses (CoV) have caused three zoonotic outbreaks, SARS-CoV in 2002-2003, MERS-CoV in 2012, and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019. However, little is currently known about the biology of SARS-CoV-2. Here, using SARS-CoV-2 S protein pseudovirus system, we confirm that human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, find that SARS-CoV-2 enters 293/hACE2 cells mainly through endocytosis, that PIKfyve, TPC2, and cathepsin L are critical for entry, and that SARS-CoV-2 S protein is less stable than SARS-CoV S. Polyclonal anti-SARS S1 antibodies T62 inhibit entry of SARS-CoV S but not SARS-CoV-2 S pseudovirions. Further studies using recovered SARS and COVID-19 patients' sera show limited cross-neutralization, suggesting that recovery from one infection might not protect against the other. Our results present potential targets for development of drugs and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15562-9
PubMed: 32221306

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<author><name sortKey="Jin, Qi" sort="Jin, Qi" uniqKey="Jin Q" first="Qi" last="Jin">Qi Jin</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Wang, Jianwei" sort="Wang, Jianwei" uniqKey="Wang J" first="Jianwei" last="Wang">Jianwei Wang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Qian, Zhaohui" sort="Qian, Zhaohui" uniqKey="Qian Z" first="Zhaohui" last="Qian">Zhaohui Qian</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
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</author>
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<series><title level="j">Nature communications</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2041-1723</idno>
<imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date>
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<term>Betacoronavirus (chemistry)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (physiology)</term>
<term>Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (immunology)</term>
<term>Calcium Channels (metabolism)</term>
<term>Cathepsin L (metabolism)</term>
<term>Cathepsins (antagonists & inhibitors)</term>
<term>Cathepsins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Cell Fusion</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (immunology)</term>
<term>Cross Reactions</term>
<term>Endocytosis</term>
<term>Giant Cells (physiology)</term>
<term>HEK293 Cells</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (metabolism)</term>
<term>Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (metabolism)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (immunology)</term>
<term>Protein Domains</term>
<term>Protein Multimerization</term>
<term>Receptors, Virus (metabolism)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (immunology)</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (immunology)</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (chemistry)</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (immunology)</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (metabolism)</term>
<term>Trypsin (metabolism)</term>
<term>Virus Internalization</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anticorps antiviraux (immunologie)</term>
<term>Canaux calciques (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Cathepsine L (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Cathepsines (antagonistes et inhibiteurs)</term>
<term>Cathepsines (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Cellules HEK293</term>
<term>Cellules géantes (physiologie)</term>
<term>Domaines protéiques</term>
<term>Endocytose</term>
<term>Fusion cellulaire</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus ()</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus (immunologie)</term>
<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (immunologie)</term>
<term>Multimérisation de protéines</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (immunologie)</term>
<term>Pénétration virale</term>
<term>Réactions croisées</term>
<term>Récepteurs viraux (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (immunologie)</term>
<term>Tests de neutralisation</term>
<term>Trypsine (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (immunologie)</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
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<term>Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
</keywords>
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<term>Glycoprotéine de spicule des coronavirus</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS</term>
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<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
<term>SARS Virus</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
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<term>Cathepsin L</term>
<term>Cathepsins</term>
<term>Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A</term>
<term>Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases</term>
<term>Receptors, Virus</term>
<term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term>
<term>Trypsin</term>
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<term>Cathepsines</term>
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<term>Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases</term>
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<term>Trypsine</term>
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<term>Humans</term>
<term>Neutralization Tests</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
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<term>Humains</term>
<term>Multimérisation de protéines</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Pénétration virale</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Since 2002, beta coronaviruses (CoV) have caused three zoonotic outbreaks, SARS-CoV in 2002-2003, MERS-CoV in 2012, and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019. However, little is currently known about the biology of SARS-CoV-2. Here, using SARS-CoV-2 S protein pseudovirus system, we confirm that human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, find that SARS-CoV-2 enters 293/hACE2 cells mainly through endocytosis, that PIKfyve, TPC2, and cathepsin L are critical for entry, and that SARS-CoV-2 S protein is less stable than SARS-CoV S. Polyclonal anti-SARS S1 antibodies T62 inhibit entry of SARS-CoV S but not SARS-CoV-2 S pseudovirions. Further studies using recovered SARS and COVID-19 patients' sera show limited cross-neutralization, suggesting that recovery from one infection might not protect against the other. Our results present potential targets for development of drugs and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32221306</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2041-1723</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume>
<Issue>1</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>27</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Nature communications</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Nat Commun</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>1620</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/s41467-020-15562-9</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Since 2002, beta coronaviruses (CoV) have caused three zoonotic outbreaks, SARS-CoV in 2002-2003, MERS-CoV in 2012, and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019. However, little is currently known about the biology of SARS-CoV-2. Here, using SARS-CoV-2 S protein pseudovirus system, we confirm that human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, find that SARS-CoV-2 enters 293/hACE2 cells mainly through endocytosis, that PIKfyve, TPC2, and cathepsin L are critical for entry, and that SARS-CoV-2 S protein is less stable than SARS-CoV S. Polyclonal anti-SARS S1 antibodies T62 inhibit entry of SARS-CoV S but not SARS-CoV-2 S pseudovirions. Further studies using recovered SARS and COVID-19 patients' sera show limited cross-neutralization, suggesting that recovery from one infection might not protect against the other. Our results present potential targets for development of drugs and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ou</LastName>
<ForeName>Xiuyuan</ForeName>
<Initials>X</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName>
<ForeName>Yan</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lei</LastName>
<ForeName>Xiaobo</ForeName>
<Initials>X</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName>
<ForeName>Pei</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mi</LastName>
<ForeName>Dan</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ren</LastName>
<ForeName>Lili</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guo</LastName>
<ForeName>Li</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guo</LastName>
<ForeName>Ruixuan</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName>
<ForeName>Ting</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hu</LastName>
<ForeName>Jiaxin</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xiang</LastName>
<ForeName>Zichun</ForeName>
<Initials>Z</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mu</LastName>
<ForeName>Zhixia</ForeName>
<Initials>Z</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName>
<ForeName>Xing</ForeName>
<Initials>X</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), 151 Malianwa Road North, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName>
<ForeName>Jieyong</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hengshui Third People's Hospital, Heibei, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hu</LastName>
<ForeName>Keping</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical Collage (PUMC), 151 Malianwa Road North, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jin</LastName>
<ForeName>Qi</ForeName>
<Initials>Q</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China. jinqi@ipbcams.ac.cn.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName>
<ForeName>Jianwei</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1116-4559</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China. wangjw28@163.com.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qian</LastName>
<ForeName>Zhaohui</ForeName>
<Initials>Z</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-4116-4450</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>NHC Key laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100176, Beijing, China. zqian2013@sina.com.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>31970171</GrantID>
<Agency>National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)</Agency>
<Country>International</Country>
</Grant>
<Grant><GrantID>31670164</GrantID>
<Agency>National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)</Agency>
<Country>International</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>27</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country>
<MedlineTA>Nat Commun</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101528555</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>2041-1723</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
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<NameOfSubstance UI="D000914">Antibodies, Viral</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000080908">Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies</NameOfSubstance>
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<NameOfSubstance UI="D015220">Calcium Channels</NameOfSubstance>
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<NameOfSubstance UI="D011991">Receptors, Virus</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D064370">Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C530224">TPCN2 protein, human</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C000657845">spike glycoprotein, COVID-19 virus</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C578557">spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 2.7.1.137</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C492139">PIKFYVE protein, human</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.-</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D002403">Cathepsins</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.15.1</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D007703">Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.17.-</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C413524">angiotensin converting enzyme 2</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.21.4</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D014357">Trypsin</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.22.15</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D056668">Cathepsin L</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName>
<SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName>
</SupplMeshList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
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<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000080908" MajorTopicYN="N">Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015220" MajorTopicYN="N">Calcium Channels</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D056668" MajorTopicYN="N">Cathepsin L</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002403" MajorTopicYN="N">Cathepsins</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000037" MajorTopicYN="N">antagonists & inhibitors</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002459" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Fusion</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003429" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross Reactions</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004705" MajorTopicYN="N">Endocytosis</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015726" MajorTopicYN="N">Giant Cells</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057809" MajorTopicYN="N">HEK293 Cells</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009500" MajorTopicYN="N">Neutralization Tests</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007703" MajorTopicYN="N">Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A</DescriptorName>
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</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019869" MajorTopicYN="N">Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases</DescriptorName>
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</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000072417" MajorTopicYN="N">Protein Domains</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055503" MajorTopicYN="N">Protein Multimerization</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011991" MajorTopicYN="N">Receptors, Virus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D045473" MajorTopicYN="N">SARS Virus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D045169" MajorTopicYN="N">Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D064370" MajorTopicYN="N">Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014357" MajorTopicYN="N">Trypsin</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053586" MajorTopicYN="Y">Virus Internalization</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>3</Month>
<Day>30</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
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Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV.

Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV.

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