SrasV1, PubMed, Corpus, bibRecord, 000B57

Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.

Identifieur interne : 000B57 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000B56; suivant : 000B58

Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.

Auteurs : Eveline Kindler ; Cristina Gil-Cruz ; Julia Spanier ; Yize Li ; Jochen Wilhelm ; Huib H. Rabouw ; Roland Züst ; Mihyun Hwang ; Philip V'Kovski ; Hanspeter Stalder ; Sabrina Marti ; Matthias Habjan ; Luisa Cervantes-Barragan ; Ruth Elliot ; Nadja Karl ; Christina Gaughan ; Frank J M. Van Kuppeveld ; Robert H. Silverman ; Markus Keller ; Burkhard Ludewig ; Cornelia C. Bergmann ; John Ziebuhr ; Susan R. Weiss ; Ulrich Kalinke ; Volker Thiel

Source :

PLoS pathogens [ 1553-7374 ] ; 2017.

RBID : pubmed:28158275

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animals, Coronaviridae (enzymology), Coronaviridae (immunology), Coronavirus Infections (immunology), Endonucleases (immunology), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Host-Pathogen Interactions (immunology), Humans, Immune Evasion (physiology), Immunity, Innate (immunology), Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Viral Proteins (immunology).
MESH :
- chemical , immunology : Endonucleases, Viral Proteins.
- enzymology : Coronaviridae.
- immunology : Coronaviridae, Coronavirus Infections, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Immunity, Innate.
- physiology : Immune Evasion.
- Animals, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Abstract

Coronaviruses are of veterinary and medical importance and include highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. They are known to efficiently evade early innate immune responses, manifesting in almost negligible expression of type-I interferons (IFN-I). This evasion strategy suggests an evolutionary conserved viral function that has evolved to prevent RNA-based sensing of infection in vertebrate hosts. Here we show that the coronavirus endonuclease (EndoU) activity is key to prevent early induction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) host cell responses. Replication of EndoU-deficient coronaviruses is greatly attenuated in vivo and severely restricted in primary cells even during the early phase of the infection. In macrophages we found immediate induction of IFN-I expression and RNase L-mediated breakdown of ribosomal RNA. Accordingly, EndoU-deficient viruses can retain replication only in cells that are deficient in IFN-I expression or sensing, and in cells lacking both RNase L and PKR. Collectively our results demonstrate that the coronavirus EndoU efficiently prevents simultaneous activation of host cell dsRNA sensors, such as Mda5, OAS and PKR. The localization of the EndoU activity at the site of viral RNA synthesis-within the replicase complex-suggests that coronaviruses have evolved a viral RNA decay pathway to evade early innate and intrinsic antiviral host cell responses.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006195
PubMed: 28158275

Links to Exploration step

pubmed:28158275

Le document en format XML

<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kindler, Eveline" sort="Kindler, Eveline" uniqKey="Kindler E" first="Eveline" last="Kindler">Eveline Kindler</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gil Cruz, Cristina" sort="Gil Cruz, Cristina" uniqKey="Gil Cruz C" first="Cristina" last="Gil-Cruz">Cristina Gil-Cruz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Spanier, Julia" sort="Spanier, Julia" uniqKey="Spanier J" first="Julia" last="Spanier">Julia Spanier</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yize" sort="Li, Yize" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yize" last="Li">Yize Li</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wilhelm, Jochen" sort="Wilhelm, Jochen" uniqKey="Wilhelm J" first="Jochen" last="Wilhelm">Jochen Wilhelm</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung (DZL), Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rabouw, Huib H" sort="Rabouw, Huib H" uniqKey="Rabouw H" first="Huib H" last="Rabouw">Huib H. Rabouw</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zust, Roland" sort="Zust, Roland" uniqKey="Zust R" first="Roland" last="Züst">Roland Züst</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hwang, Mihyun" sort="Hwang, Mihyun" uniqKey="Hwang M" first="Mihyun" last="Hwang">Mihyun Hwang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="V Kovski, Philip" sort="V Kovski, Philip" uniqKey="V Kovski P" first="Philip" last="V'Kovski">Philip V'Kovski</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stalder, Hanspeter" sort="Stalder, Hanspeter" uniqKey="Stalder H" first="Hanspeter" last="Stalder">Hanspeter Stalder</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marti, Sabrina" sort="Marti, Sabrina" uniqKey="Marti S" first="Sabrina" last="Marti">Sabrina Marti</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Habjan, Matthias" sort="Habjan, Matthias" uniqKey="Habjan M" first="Matthias" last="Habjan">Matthias Habjan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cervantes Barragan, Luisa" sort="Cervantes Barragan, Luisa" uniqKey="Cervantes Barragan L" first="Luisa" last="Cervantes-Barragan">Luisa Cervantes-Barragan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elliot, Ruth" sort="Elliot, Ruth" uniqKey="Elliot R" first="Ruth" last="Elliot">Ruth Elliot</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karl, Nadja" sort="Karl, Nadja" uniqKey="Karl N" first="Nadja" last="Karl">Nadja Karl</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gaughan, Christina" sort="Gaughan, Christina" uniqKey="Gaughan C" first="Christina" last="Gaughan">Christina Gaughan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Kuppeveld, Frank J M" sort="Van Kuppeveld, Frank J M" uniqKey="Van Kuppeveld F" first="Frank J M" last="Van Kuppeveld">Frank J M. Van Kuppeveld</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Silverman, Robert H" sort="Silverman, Robert H" uniqKey="Silverman R" first="Robert H" last="Silverman">Robert H. Silverman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Keller, Markus" sort="Keller, Markus" uniqKey="Keller M" first="Markus" last="Keller">Markus Keller</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ludewig, Burkhard" sort="Ludewig, Burkhard" uniqKey="Ludewig B" first="Burkhard" last="Ludewig">Burkhard Ludewig</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bergmann, Cornelia C" sort="Bergmann, Cornelia C" uniqKey="Bergmann C" first="Cornelia C" last="Bergmann">Cornelia C. Bergmann</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ziebuhr, John" sort="Ziebuhr, John" uniqKey="Ziebuhr J" first="John" last="Ziebuhr">John Ziebuhr</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weiss, Susan R" sort="Weiss, Susan R" uniqKey="Weiss S" first="Susan R" last="Weiss">Susan R. Weiss</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kalinke, Ulrich" sort="Kalinke, Ulrich" uniqKey="Kalinke U" first="Ulrich" last="Kalinke">Ulrich Kalinke</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thiel, Volker" sort="Thiel, Volker" uniqKey="Thiel V" first="Volker" last="Thiel">Volker Thiel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2017">2017</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:28158275</idno>
<idno type="pmid">28158275</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.ppat.1006195</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000B57</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000B57</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kindler, Eveline" sort="Kindler, Eveline" uniqKey="Kindler E" first="Eveline" last="Kindler">Eveline Kindler</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gil Cruz, Cristina" sort="Gil Cruz, Cristina" uniqKey="Gil Cruz C" first="Cristina" last="Gil-Cruz">Cristina Gil-Cruz</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Spanier, Julia" sort="Spanier, Julia" uniqKey="Spanier J" first="Julia" last="Spanier">Julia Spanier</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yize" sort="Li, Yize" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yize" last="Li">Yize Li</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wilhelm, Jochen" sort="Wilhelm, Jochen" uniqKey="Wilhelm J" first="Jochen" last="Wilhelm">Jochen Wilhelm</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung (DZL), Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rabouw, Huib H" sort="Rabouw, Huib H" uniqKey="Rabouw H" first="Huib H" last="Rabouw">Huib H. Rabouw</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zust, Roland" sort="Zust, Roland" uniqKey="Zust R" first="Roland" last="Züst">Roland Züst</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hwang, Mihyun" sort="Hwang, Mihyun" uniqKey="Hwang M" first="Mihyun" last="Hwang">Mihyun Hwang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="V Kovski, Philip" sort="V Kovski, Philip" uniqKey="V Kovski P" first="Philip" last="V'Kovski">Philip V'Kovski</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stalder, Hanspeter" sort="Stalder, Hanspeter" uniqKey="Stalder H" first="Hanspeter" last="Stalder">Hanspeter Stalder</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Marti, Sabrina" sort="Marti, Sabrina" uniqKey="Marti S" first="Sabrina" last="Marti">Sabrina Marti</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Habjan, Matthias" sort="Habjan, Matthias" uniqKey="Habjan M" first="Matthias" last="Habjan">Matthias Habjan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cervantes Barragan, Luisa" sort="Cervantes Barragan, Luisa" uniqKey="Cervantes Barragan L" first="Luisa" last="Cervantes-Barragan">Luisa Cervantes-Barragan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elliot, Ruth" sort="Elliot, Ruth" uniqKey="Elliot R" first="Ruth" last="Elliot">Ruth Elliot</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Karl, Nadja" sort="Karl, Nadja" uniqKey="Karl N" first="Nadja" last="Karl">Nadja Karl</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gaughan, Christina" sort="Gaughan, Christina" uniqKey="Gaughan C" first="Christina" last="Gaughan">Christina Gaughan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Van Kuppeveld, Frank J M" sort="Van Kuppeveld, Frank J M" uniqKey="Van Kuppeveld F" first="Frank J M" last="Van Kuppeveld">Frank J M. Van Kuppeveld</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Silverman, Robert H" sort="Silverman, Robert H" uniqKey="Silverman R" first="Robert H" last="Silverman">Robert H. Silverman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Keller, Markus" sort="Keller, Markus" uniqKey="Keller M" first="Markus" last="Keller">Markus Keller</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ludewig, Burkhard" sort="Ludewig, Burkhard" uniqKey="Ludewig B" first="Burkhard" last="Ludewig">Burkhard Ludewig</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bergmann, Cornelia C" sort="Bergmann, Cornelia C" uniqKey="Bergmann C" first="Cornelia C" last="Bergmann">Cornelia C. Bergmann</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ziebuhr, John" sort="Ziebuhr, John" uniqKey="Ziebuhr J" first="John" last="Ziebuhr">John Ziebuhr</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Weiss, Susan R" sort="Weiss, Susan R" uniqKey="Weiss S" first="Susan R" last="Weiss">Susan R. Weiss</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kalinke, Ulrich" sort="Kalinke, Ulrich" uniqKey="Kalinke U" first="Ulrich" last="Kalinke">Ulrich Kalinke</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thiel, Volker" sort="Thiel, Volker" uniqKey="Thiel V" first="Volker" last="Thiel">Volker Thiel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS pathogens</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1553-7374</idno>
<imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Coronaviridae (enzymology)</term>
<term>Coronaviridae (immunology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (immunology)</term>
<term>Endonucleases (immunology)</term>
<term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term>
<term>Flow Cytometry</term>
<term>Host-Pathogen Interactions (immunology)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Immune Evasion (physiology)</term>
<term>Immunity, Innate (immunology)</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred C57BL</term>
<term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
<term>Viral Proteins (immunology)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Endonucleases</term>
<term>Viral Proteins</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronaviridae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronaviridae</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term>
<term>Immunity, Innate</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Immune Evasion</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term>
<term>Flow Cytometry</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred C57BL</term>
<term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Coronaviruses are of veterinary and medical importance and include highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. They are known to efficiently evade early innate immune responses, manifesting in almost negligible expression of type-I interferons (IFN-I). This evasion strategy suggests an evolutionary conserved viral function that has evolved to prevent RNA-based sensing of infection in vertebrate hosts. Here we show that the coronavirus endonuclease (EndoU) activity is key to prevent early induction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) host cell responses. Replication of EndoU-deficient coronaviruses is greatly attenuated in vivo and severely restricted in primary cells even during the early phase of the infection. In macrophages we found immediate induction of IFN-I expression and RNase L-mediated breakdown of ribosomal RNA. Accordingly, EndoU-deficient viruses can retain replication only in cells that are deficient in IFN-I expression or sensing, and in cells lacking both RNase L and PKR. Collectively our results demonstrate that the coronavirus EndoU efficiently prevents simultaneous activation of host cell dsRNA sensors, such as Mda5, OAS and PKR. The localization of the EndoU activity at the site of viral RNA synthesis-within the replicase complex-suggests that coronaviruses have evolved a viral RNA decay pathway to evade early innate and intrinsic antiviral host cell responses.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28158275</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>23</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1553-7374</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>13</Volume>
<Issue>2</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>PLoS pathogens</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>PLoS Pathog.</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>e1006195</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.ppat.1006195</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Coronaviruses are of veterinary and medical importance and include highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. They are known to efficiently evade early innate immune responses, manifesting in almost negligible expression of type-I interferons (IFN-I). This evasion strategy suggests an evolutionary conserved viral function that has evolved to prevent RNA-based sensing of infection in vertebrate hosts. Here we show that the coronavirus endonuclease (EndoU) activity is key to prevent early induction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) host cell responses. Replication of EndoU-deficient coronaviruses is greatly attenuated in vivo and severely restricted in primary cells even during the early phase of the infection. In macrophages we found immediate induction of IFN-I expression and RNase L-mediated breakdown of ribosomal RNA. Accordingly, EndoU-deficient viruses can retain replication only in cells that are deficient in IFN-I expression or sensing, and in cells lacking both RNase L and PKR. Collectively our results demonstrate that the coronavirus EndoU efficiently prevents simultaneous activation of host cell dsRNA sensors, such as Mda5, OAS and PKR. The localization of the EndoU activity at the site of viral RNA synthesis-within the replicase complex-suggests that coronaviruses have evolved a viral RNA decay pathway to evade early innate and intrinsic antiviral host cell responses.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kindler</LastName>
<ForeName>Eveline</ForeName>
<Initials>E</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gil-Cruz</LastName>
<ForeName>Cristina</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Spanier</LastName>
<ForeName>Julia</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName>
<ForeName>Yize</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wilhelm</LastName>
<ForeName>Jochen</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Universities Giessen & Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Deutsches Zentrum für Lungenforschung (DZL), Giessen, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rabouw</LastName>
<ForeName>Huib H</ForeName>
<Initials>HH</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Züst</LastName>
<ForeName>Roland</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hwang</LastName>
<ForeName>Mihyun</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-2639-0265</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>V'kovski</LastName>
<ForeName>Philip</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8366-1220</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Graduate School for Biomedical Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stalder</LastName>
<ForeName>Hanspeter</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-0763-6469</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marti</LastName>
<ForeName>Sabrina</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Habjan</LastName>
<ForeName>Matthias</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cervantes-Barragan</LastName>
<ForeName>Luisa</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Elliot</LastName>
<ForeName>Ruth</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Karl</LastName>
<ForeName>Nadja</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gaughan</LastName>
<ForeName>Christina</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>van Kuppeveld</LastName>
<ForeName>Frank J M</ForeName>
<Initials>FJ</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5800-749X</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Silverman</LastName>
<ForeName>Robert H</ForeName>
<Initials>RH</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Keller</LastName>
<ForeName>Markus</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ludewig</LastName>
<ForeName>Burkhard</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bergmann</LastName>
<ForeName>Cornelia C</ForeName>
<Initials>CC</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ziebuhr</LastName>
<ForeName>John</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Weiss</LastName>
<ForeName>Susan R</ForeName>
<Initials>SR</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8155-4528</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kalinke</LastName>
<ForeName>Ulrich</ForeName>
<Initials>U</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thiel</LastName>
<ForeName>Volker</ForeName>
<Initials>V</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-5783-0887</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Federal Department of Home Affairs, Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>R01 AI104887</GrantID>
<Acronym>AI</Acronym>
<Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency>
<Country>United States</Country>
</Grant>
<Grant><GrantID>R01 NS081008</GrantID>
<Acronym>NS</Acronym>
<Agency>NINDS NIH HHS</Agency>
<Country>United States</Country>
</Grant>
<Grant><GrantID>R01 CA044059</GrantID>
<Acronym>CA</Acronym>
<Agency>NCI NIH HHS</Agency>
<Country>United States</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D052061">Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>03</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>PLoS Pathog</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101238921</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1553-7366</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D014764">Viral Proteins</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.1.-</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D004720">Endonucleases</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003332" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronaviridae</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000201" MajorTopicYN="Y">enzymology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004720" MajorTopicYN="N">Endonucleases</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004797" MajorTopicYN="N">Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005434" MajorTopicYN="N">Flow Cytometry</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D054884" MajorTopicYN="N">Host-Pathogen Interactions</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057131" MajorTopicYN="N">Immune Evasion</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007113" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunity, Innate</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051379" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008810" MajorTopicYN="N">Mice, Inbred C57BL</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060888" MajorTopicYN="N">Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014764" MajorTopicYN="N">Viral Proteins</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>29</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>20</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>2</Month>
<Day>6</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>24</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>2</Month>
<Day>4</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28158275</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1371/journal.ppat.1006195</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">PPATHOGENS-D-16-01691</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5310923</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
<ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2009 Oct;83(20):10761-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19656871</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2012 Apr;86(8):4294-304</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22301153</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Nat Immunol. 2011 Feb;12 (2):137-43</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21217758</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2016 Jan 06;90(6):3160-72</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26739051</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Virology. 1999 Jun 5;258(2):435-40</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">10366581</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Mol Biol. 2003 Aug 29;331(5):991-1004</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12927536</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Gen Virol. 1997 Nov;78 ( Pt 11):2789-94</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">9367364</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>FEBS Lett. 2013 Jan 16;587(2):156-64</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23196181</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Exp Mol Med. 2015 Mar 06;47:e144</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25744296</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2014 Dec 19;194:184-90</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24512893</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Cell Host Microbe. 2016 Feb 10;19(2):142-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26867173</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 22;103(34):12885-90</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16912115</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Biochimie. 1996;78(11-12):909-14</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">9150867</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Genome Biol. 2002 Jun 18;3(7):RESEARCH0034</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12184808</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Immunol. 2009 Jan 15;182(2):1099-106</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19124753</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2012 Aug;167(2):247-58</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22617024</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2007 Nov;81(22):12135-44</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17804504</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2002 Apr;76(8):3697-708</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">11907209</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>MBio. 2011 Jun 14;2(3):e00077-11</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21673192</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 1999 Jul;73(7):5957-69</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">10364348</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 1983 Jun;46(3):1051-5</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">6190010</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 8;103(32):11892-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16882730</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>PLoS Pathog. 2011 Sep;7(9):e1002215</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21931546</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2006 Aug;80(16):7909-17</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16873248</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2015 Apr 16;202:89-100</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25432065</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2005 Mar;79(5):3097-106</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15709029</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>RNA Biol. 2011 Mar-Apr;8(2):295-304</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21422822</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 24;101(34):12694-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15304651</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jun 12;109(24):9372-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22635272</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Exp Med. 2008 Jul 7;205(7):1601-10</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18591409</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Immunol. 2009 Dec 15;183(12 ):8035-43</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19923450</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2007 Jul;81(13):7189-99</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17459917</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2011 Feb;21(1):119-27</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21145228</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Blood. 2007 Feb 1;109(3):1131-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16985170</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Jun 14;11(6):607-16</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22704621</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Cell Host Microbe. 2016 Feb 10;19(2):181-93</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26867177</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2007 Jan;81(2):568-74</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17079305</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 11;278(15):13026-32</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12571235</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>RNA Biol. 2011 Mar-Apr;8(2):270-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21593585</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>MBio. 2016 Mar 29;7(2):e00258</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27025250</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>MBio. 2010 Oct 19;1(4):null</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20978536</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>PLoS Biol. 2008 Sep 16;6(9):e226</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18798692</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Med Virol. 2006 Jan;78(1):74-82</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16299717</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Gen Virol. 2001 Jun;82(Pt 6):1273-81</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">11369870</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2008 Oct;82(20):9829-38</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18667505</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Mar 31;112(13):3949-54</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25775560</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Methods Mol Biol. 2008;454:237-54</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19057873</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>PLoS Pathog. 2011 Oct;7(10):e1002339</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22046136</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>EMBO J. 1997 Nov 3;16(21):6355-63</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">9351818</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2002 May;76(9):4350-6</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">11932401</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Virology. 1998 Mar 15;242(2):288-302</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">9514967</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2010 May;84(9):4619-29</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20181693</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2013 Aug;87(15):8408-18</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23698313</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Annu Rev Immunol. 2014;32:513-45</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24555472</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 1992 Apr;66(4):2564-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">1548781</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2012 Sep;86(17):9527-30</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22740404</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Cell Host Microbe. 2015 Mar 11;17 (3):320-31</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25766293</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Virology. 2009 Feb 5;384(1):216-22</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19056102</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2004 Nov;78(22):12218-24</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15507608</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Nature. 2010 Nov 18;468(7322):452-6</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21085181</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>MBio. 2013 Feb 19;4(1):e00611-12</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23422412</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2007 Dec;81(24):13587-97</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17898055</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Virology. 2015 May;479-480:600-8</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25721579</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Cell Host Microbe. 2015 Mar 11;17(3):332-44</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25766294</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Feb 23;113(8):2241-6</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26858407</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
</ReferenceList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/PubMed/Corpus

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000B57 | SxmlIndent | more

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000B57 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Sante
   |area=    SrasV1
   |flux=    PubMed
   |étape=   Corpus
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     pubmed:28158275
   |texte=   Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.
}}

Pour générer des pages wiki

HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/RBID.i   -Sk "pubmed:28158275" \
       | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd   \
       | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33.
Data generation: Tue Apr 28 14:49:16 2020. Site generation: Sat Mar 27 22:06:49 2021

	Serveur d'exploration SRAS
	Attention, ce site est en cours de développement ! Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts. Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Serveur d'exploration SRAS

Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.

Early endonuclease-mediated evasion of RNA sensing ensures efficient coronavirus replication.

Source :

English descriptors

Abstract

Links to Exploration step

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

Pour générer des pages wiki