Cross-species transfer of viruses: implications for the use of viral vectors in biomedical research, gene therapy and as live-virus vaccines.
Identifieur interne : 002769 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 002768; suivant : 002770Cross-species transfer of viruses: implications for the use of viral vectors in biomedical research, gene therapy and as live-virus vaccines.
Auteurs : Derrick Louz [Pays-Bas] ; Hans E. Bergmans ; Birgit P. Loos ; Rob C. HoebenSource :
- The journal of gene medicine [ 1099-498X ] ; 2005.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Humains, Infections à VIH (transmission), Infections à VIH (virologie), Phénomènes physiologiques viraux, Recherche biomédicale (tendances), Risque, Techniques de transfert de gènes (effets indésirables), Thérapie génétique (effets indésirables), Vaccins antiviraux (effets indésirables), Vaccins antiviraux (génétique), Vaccins atténués (effets indésirables), Vaccins atténués (génétique), Vecteurs génétiques (effets indésirables), Virus de la grippe A (génétique), Virus à ADN (génétique), Virus à ADN (physiologie), Virus à ARN (génétique), Virus à ARN (physiologie), Zoonoses (virologie), Évolution moléculaire.
- MESH :
- effets indésirables : Techniques de transfert de gènes, Thérapie génétique, Vaccins antiviraux, Vaccins atténués, Vecteurs génétiques.
- génétique : Vaccins antiviraux, Vaccins atténués, Virus de la grippe A, Virus à ADN, Virus à ARN.
- physiologie : Virus à ADN, Virus à ARN.
- tendances : Recherche biomédicale.
- virologie : Infections à VIH, Zoonoses.
- transmission : Animaux, Humains, Infections à VIH, Phénomènes physiologiques viraux, Risque, Évolution moléculaire.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Biomedical Research (trends), DNA Viruses (genetics), DNA Viruses (physiology), Evolution, Molecular, Gene Transfer Techniques (adverse effects), Genetic Therapy (adverse effects), Genetic Vectors (adverse effects), HIV Infections (transmission), HIV Infections (virology), Humans, Influenza A virus (genetics), RNA Viruses (genetics), RNA Viruses (physiology), Risk, Vaccines, Attenuated (adverse effects), Vaccines, Attenuated (genetics), Viral Vaccines (adverse effects), Viral Vaccines (genetics), Virus Physiological Phenomena, Zoonoses (virology).
- MESH :
- chemical , adverse effects : Vaccines, Attenuated, Viral Vaccines.
- adverse effects : Gene Transfer Techniques, Genetic Therapy, Genetic Vectors.
- genetics : DNA Viruses, Influenza A virus, RNA Viruses, Vaccines, Attenuated, Viral Vaccines.
- physiology : DNA Viruses, RNA Viruses.
- transmission : HIV Infections.
- trends : Biomedical Research.
- virology : HIV Infections, Zoonoses.
- Animals, Evolution, Molecular, Humans, Risk, Virus Physiological Phenomena.
Abstract
All living organisms are continuously exposed to a plethora of viruses. In general, viruses tend to be restricted to the natural host species which they infect. From time to time viruses cross the host-range barrier expanding their host range. However, in very rare cases cross-species transfer is followed by the establishment and persistence of a virus in the new host species, which may result in disease. Recent examples of viruses that have crossed the species barrier from animal reservoirs to humans are hantavirus, haemorrhagic fever viruses, arboviruses, Nipah and Hendra viruses, avian influenza virus (AI), monkeypox virus, and the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The opportunities for cross-species transfer of mammalian viruses have increased in recent years due to increased contact between humans and animal reservoirs. However, it is difficult to predict when such events will take place since the viral adaptation that is needed to accomplish this is multifactorial and stochastic. Against this background the intensified use of viruses and their genetically modified variants as viral gene transfer vectors for biomedical research, experimental gene therapy and for live-vector vaccines is a cause for concern. This review addresses a number of potential risk factors and their implications for activities with viral vectors from the perspective of cross-species transfer of viruses in nature, with emphasis on the occurrence of host-range mutants resulting from either cell culture or tropism engineering. The issues are raised with the intention to assist in risk assessments for activities with vector viruses.
DOI: 10.1002/jgm.794
PubMed: 15986492
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:15986492Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Cross-species transfer of viruses: implications for the use of viral vectors in biomedical research, gene therapy and as live-virus vaccines.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Louz, Derrick" sort="Louz, Derrick" uniqKey="Louz D" first="Derrick" last="Louz">Derrick Louz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>GMO Office, Substances Expertise Centre of the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. derrick.louz@rivm.nl</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>GMO Office, Substances Expertise Centre of the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bergmans, Hans E" sort="Bergmans, Hans E" uniqKey="Bergmans H" first="Hans E" last="Bergmans">Hans E. Bergmans</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Loos, Birgit P" sort="Loos, Birgit P" uniqKey="Loos B" first="Birgit P" last="Loos">Birgit P. Loos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoeben, Rob C" sort="Hoeben, Rob C" uniqKey="Hoeben R" first="Rob C" last="Hoeben">Rob C. Hoeben</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2005">2005</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:15986492</idno>
<idno type="pmid">15986492</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1002/jgm.794</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002665</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002769</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002769</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Cross-species transfer of viruses: implications for the use of viral vectors in biomedical research, gene therapy and as live-virus vaccines.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Louz, Derrick" sort="Louz, Derrick" uniqKey="Louz D" first="Derrick" last="Louz">Derrick Louz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>GMO Office, Substances Expertise Centre of the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. derrick.louz@rivm.nl</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country>
<wicri:regionArea>GMO Office, Substances Expertise Centre of the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Bilthoven</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bergmans, Hans E" sort="Bergmans, Hans E" uniqKey="Bergmans H" first="Hans E" last="Bergmans">Hans E. Bergmans</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Loos, Birgit P" sort="Loos, Birgit P" uniqKey="Loos B" first="Birgit P" last="Loos">Birgit P. Loos</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoeben, Rob C" sort="Hoeben, Rob C" uniqKey="Hoeben R" first="Rob C" last="Hoeben">Rob C. Hoeben</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">The journal of gene medicine</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1099-498X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2005" type="published">2005</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Biomedical Research (trends)</term>
<term>DNA Viruses (genetics)</term>
<term>DNA Viruses (physiology)</term>
<term>Evolution, Molecular</term>
<term>Gene Transfer Techniques (adverse effects)</term>
<term>Genetic Therapy (adverse effects)</term>
<term>Genetic Vectors (adverse effects)</term>
<term>HIV Infections (transmission)</term>
<term>HIV Infections (virology)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Influenza A virus (genetics)</term>
<term>RNA Viruses (genetics)</term>
<term>RNA Viruses (physiology)</term>
<term>Risk</term>
<term>Vaccines, Attenuated (adverse effects)</term>
<term>Vaccines, Attenuated (genetics)</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines (adverse effects)</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines (genetics)</term>
<term>Virus Physiological Phenomena</term>
<term>Zoonoses (virology)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Infections à VIH (transmission)</term>
<term>Infections à VIH (virologie)</term>
<term>Phénomènes physiologiques viraux</term>
<term>Recherche biomédicale (tendances)</term>
<term>Risque</term>
<term>Techniques de transfert de gènes (effets indésirables)</term>
<term>Thérapie génétique (effets indésirables)</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (effets indésirables)</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux (génétique)</term>
<term>Vaccins atténués (effets indésirables)</term>
<term>Vaccins atténués (génétique)</term>
<term>Vecteurs génétiques (effets indésirables)</term>
<term>Virus de la grippe A (génétique)</term>
<term>Virus à ADN (génétique)</term>
<term>Virus à ADN (physiologie)</term>
<term>Virus à ARN (génétique)</term>
<term>Virus à ARN (physiologie)</term>
<term>Zoonoses (virologie)</term>
<term>Évolution moléculaire</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Vaccines, Attenuated</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Gene Transfer Techniques</term>
<term>Genetic Therapy</term>
<term>Genetic Vectors</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets indésirables" xml:lang="fr"><term>Techniques de transfert de gènes</term>
<term>Thérapie génétique</term>
<term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
<term>Vaccins atténués</term>
<term>Vecteurs génétiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA Viruses</term>
<term>Influenza A virus</term>
<term>RNA Viruses</term>
<term>Vaccines, Attenuated</term>
<term>Viral Vaccines</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins antiviraux</term>
<term>Vaccins atténués</term>
<term>Virus de la grippe A</term>
<term>Virus à ADN</term>
<term>Virus à ARN</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus à ADN</term>
<term>Virus à ARN</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA Viruses</term>
<term>RNA Viruses</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="tendances" xml:lang="fr"><term>Recherche biomédicale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="trends" xml:lang="en"><term>Biomedical Research</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term>
<term>Zoonoses</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term>
<term>Zoonoses</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Evolution, Molecular</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Risk</term>
<term>Virus Physiological Phenomena</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Infections à VIH</term>
<term>Phénomènes physiologiques viraux</term>
<term>Risque</term>
<term>Évolution moléculaire</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">All living organisms are continuously exposed to a plethora of viruses. In general, viruses tend to be restricted to the natural host species which they infect. From time to time viruses cross the host-range barrier expanding their host range. However, in very rare cases cross-species transfer is followed by the establishment and persistence of a virus in the new host species, which may result in disease. Recent examples of viruses that have crossed the species barrier from animal reservoirs to humans are hantavirus, haemorrhagic fever viruses, arboviruses, Nipah and Hendra viruses, avian influenza virus (AI), monkeypox virus, and the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The opportunities for cross-species transfer of mammalian viruses have increased in recent years due to increased contact between humans and animal reservoirs. However, it is difficult to predict when such events will take place since the viral adaptation that is needed to accomplish this is multifactorial and stochastic. Against this background the intensified use of viruses and their genetically modified variants as viral gene transfer vectors for biomedical research, experimental gene therapy and for live-vector vaccines is a cause for concern. This review addresses a number of potential risk factors and their implications for activities with viral vectors from the perspective of cross-species transfer of viruses in nature, with emphasis on the occurrence of host-range mutants resulting from either cell culture or tropism engineering. The issues are raised with the intention to assist in risk assessments for activities with vector viruses.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">15986492</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2006</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>16</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2012</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1099-498X</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>7</Volume>
<Issue>10</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2005</Year>
<Month>Oct</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>The journal of gene medicine</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>J Gene Med</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Cross-species transfer of viruses: implications for the use of viral vectors in biomedical research, gene therapy and as live-virus vaccines.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>1263-74</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<Abstract><AbstractText>All living organisms are continuously exposed to a plethora of viruses. In general, viruses tend to be restricted to the natural host species which they infect. From time to time viruses cross the host-range barrier expanding their host range. However, in very rare cases cross-species transfer is followed by the establishment and persistence of a virus in the new host species, which may result in disease. Recent examples of viruses that have crossed the species barrier from animal reservoirs to humans are hantavirus, haemorrhagic fever viruses, arboviruses, Nipah and Hendra viruses, avian influenza virus (AI), monkeypox virus, and the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The opportunities for cross-species transfer of mammalian viruses have increased in recent years due to increased contact between humans and animal reservoirs. However, it is difficult to predict when such events will take place since the viral adaptation that is needed to accomplish this is multifactorial and stochastic. Against this background the intensified use of viruses and their genetically modified variants as viral gene transfer vectors for biomedical research, experimental gene therapy and for live-vector vaccines is a cause for concern. This review addresses a number of potential risk factors and their implications for activities with viral vectors from the perspective of cross-species transfer of viruses in nature, with emphasis on the occurrence of host-range mutants resulting from either cell culture or tropism engineering. The issues are raised with the intention to assist in risk assessments for activities with vector viruses.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Louz</LastName>
<ForeName>Derrick</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>GMO Office, Substances Expertise Centre of the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. derrick.louz@rivm.nl</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bergmans</LastName>
<ForeName>Hans E</ForeName>
<Initials>HE</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Loos</LastName>
<ForeName>Birgit P</ForeName>
<Initials>BP</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hoeben</LastName>
<ForeName>Rob C</ForeName>
<Initials>RC</Initials>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country>
<MedlineTA>J Gene Med</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>9815764</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1099-498X</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D014613">Vaccines, Attenuated</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D014765">Viral Vaccines</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D035843" MajorTopicYN="N">Biomedical Research</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000639" MajorTopicYN="N">trends</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004267" MajorTopicYN="N">DNA Viruses</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019143" MajorTopicYN="Y">Evolution, Molecular</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018014" MajorTopicYN="N">Gene Transfer Techniques</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015316" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Therapy</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="Y">adverse effects</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005822" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Vectors</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015658" MajorTopicYN="N">HIV Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000635" MajorTopicYN="N">transmission</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009980" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza A virus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012328" MajorTopicYN="N">RNA Viruses</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012306" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014613" MajorTopicYN="N">Vaccines, Attenuated</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014765" MajorTopicYN="N">Viral Vaccines</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="N">adverse effects</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018406" MajorTopicYN="Y">Virus Physiological Phenomena</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015047" MajorTopicYN="N">Zoonoses</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<NumberOfReferences>145</NumberOfReferences>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2005</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>30</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2006</Year>
<Month>3</Month>
<Day>17</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2005</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>30</Day>
<Hour>9</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15986492</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/jgm.794</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Pays-Bas</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Bergmans, Hans E" sort="Bergmans, Hans E" uniqKey="Bergmans H" first="Hans E" last="Bergmans">Hans E. Bergmans</name>
<name sortKey="Hoeben, Rob C" sort="Hoeben, Rob C" uniqKey="Hoeben R" first="Rob C" last="Hoeben">Rob C. Hoeben</name>
<name sortKey="Loos, Birgit P" sort="Loos, Birgit P" uniqKey="Loos B" first="Birgit P" last="Loos">Birgit P. Loos</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="Louz, Derrick" sort="Louz, Derrick" uniqKey="Louz D" first="Derrick" last="Louz">Derrick Louz</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 002769 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 002769 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= SrasV1 |flux= PubMed |étape= Checkpoint |type= RBID |clé= pubmed:15986492 |texte= Cross-species transfer of viruses: implications for the use of viral vectors in biomedical research, gene therapy and as live-virus vaccines. }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:15986492" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. | ![]() |