Human coronavirus NL63 replication is cyclophilin A-dependent and inhibited by non-immunosuppressive cyclosporine A-derivatives including Alisporivir.
Identifieur interne : 000F89 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000F88; suivant : 000F90Human coronavirus NL63 replication is cyclophilin A-dependent and inhibited by non-immunosuppressive cyclosporine A-derivatives including Alisporivir.
Auteurs : Javier Carbajo-Lozoya [Allemagne] ; Yue Ma-Lauer [Allemagne] ; Miroslav Maleševi [Allemagne] ; Martin Theuerkorn [Allemagne] ; Viktoria Kahlert [Allemagne] ; Erik Prell [Allemagne] ; Brigitte Von Brunn [Allemagne] ; Doreen Muth [Allemagne] ; Thomas F. Baumert [France] ; Christian Drosten [Allemagne] ; Gunter Fischer [Allemagne] ; Albrecht Von Brunn [Allemagne]Source :
- Virus research [ 1872-7492 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- métabolisme : Cyclophiline A.
- pharmacologie : Antiviraux, Ciclosporine, Tacrolimus.
- physiologie : Coronavirus humain NL63.
- Cellules Caco-2, Coronavirus humain NL63, Humains, Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel, Réplication virale.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Cyclophilin A.
- chemical , pharmacology : Antiviral Agents, Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus.
- drug effects : Coronavirus NL63, Human, Virus Replication.
- physiology : Coronavirus NL63, Human.
- Caco-2 Cells, Humans, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Abstract
Until recently, there were no effective drugs available blocking coronavirus (CoV) infection in humans and animals. We have shown before that CsA and FK506 inhibit coronavirus replication (Carbajo-Lozoya, J., Müller, M.A., Kallies, S., Thiel, V., Drosten, C., von Brunn, A. Replication of human coronaviruses SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E is inhibited by the drug FK506. Virus Res. 2012; Pfefferle, S., Schöpf, J., Kögl, M., Friedel, C., Müller, M.A., Stellberger, T., von Dall'Armi, E., Herzog, P., Kallies, S., Niemeyer, D., Ditt, V., Kuri, T., Züst, R., Schwarz, F., Zimmer, R., Steffen, I., Weber, F., Thiel, V., Herrler, G., Thiel, H.-J., Schwegmann-Weßels, C., Pöhlmann, S., Haas, J., Drosten, C. and von Brunn, A. The SARS-Coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pan-Coronavirus inhibitors. PLoS Pathog., 2011). Here we demonstrate that CsD Alisporivir, NIM811 as well as novel non-immunosuppressive derivatives of CsA and FK506 strongly inhibit the growth of human coronavirus HCoV-NL63 at low micromolar, non-cytotoxic concentrations in cell culture. We show by qPCR analysis that virus replication is diminished up to four orders of magnitude to background levels. Knockdown of the cellular Cyclophilin A (CypA/PPIA) gene in Caco-2 cells prevents replication of HCoV-NL63, suggesting that CypA is required for virus replication. Collectively, our results uncover Cyclophilin A as a host target for CoV infection and provide new strategies for urgently needed therapeutic approaches.
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.02.010
PubMed: 24566223
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, France
- Alsace (région administrative), Bavière, District de Cologne, District de Haute-Bavière, Grand Est, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie
- Bonn, Munich, Strasbourg
- Université de Strasbourg
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(Saale)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Brunn, Brigitte" sort="Von Brunn, Brigitte" uniqKey="Von Brunn B" first="Brigitte" last="Von Brunn">Brigitte Von Brunn</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, Doreen" sort="Muth, Doreen" uniqKey="Muth D" first="Doreen" last="Muth">Doreen Muth</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baumert, Thomas F" sort="Baumert, Thomas F" uniqKey="Baumert T" first="Thomas F" last="Baumert">Thomas F. Baumert</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region><region type="old region">Alsace (région administrative)</region><settlement type="city">Strasbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Strasbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fischer, Gunter" sort="Fischer, Gunter" uniqKey="Fischer G" first="Gunter" last="Fischer">Gunter Fischer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Brunn, Albrecht" sort="Von Brunn, Albrecht" uniqKey="Von Brunn A" first="Albrecht" last="Von Brunn">Albrecht Von Brunn</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany. Electronic address: vonbrunn@mvp.uni-muenchen.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:24566223</idno><idno type="pmid">24566223</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.virusres.2014.02.010</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001042</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001042</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001042</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">001042</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000F89</idno><idno 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Lauer, Yue" sort="Ma Lauer, Yue" uniqKey="Ma Lauer Y" first="Yue" last="Ma-Lauer">Yue Ma-Lauer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malesevi, Miroslav" sort="Malesevi, Miroslav" uniqKey="Malesevi M" first="Miroslav" last="Maleševi">Miroslav Maleševi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Enzymology, Halle, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Enzymology, Halle</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Halle</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Halle</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Halle</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Theuerkorn, Martin" sort="Theuerkorn, Martin" uniqKey="Theuerkorn M" first="Martin" last="Theuerkorn">Martin Theuerkorn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kahlert, Viktoria" sort="Kahlert, Viktoria" uniqKey="Kahlert V" first="Viktoria" last="Kahlert">Viktoria Kahlert</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prell, Erik" sort="Prell, Erik" uniqKey="Prell E" first="Erik" last="Prell">Erik Prell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Brunn, Brigitte" sort="Von Brunn, Brigitte" uniqKey="Von Brunn B" first="Brigitte" last="Von Brunn">Brigitte Von Brunn</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, Doreen" sort="Muth, Doreen" uniqKey="Muth D" first="Doreen" last="Muth">Doreen Muth</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baumert, Thomas F" sort="Baumert, Thomas F" uniqKey="Baumert T" first="Thomas F" last="Baumert">Thomas F. Baumert</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Grand Est</region><region type="old region">Alsace (région administrative)</region><settlement type="city">Strasbourg</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Strasbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fischer, Gunter" sort="Fischer, Gunter" uniqKey="Fischer G" first="Gunter" last="Fischer">Gunter Fischer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>BO Halle (Saale)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Brunn, Albrecht" sort="Von Brunn, Albrecht" uniqKey="Von Brunn A" first="Albrecht" last="Von Brunn">Albrecht Von Brunn</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany. Electronic address: vonbrunn@mvp.uni-muenchen.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Virus research</title><idno type="eISSN">1872-7492</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)</term><term>Caco-2 Cells</term><term>Coronavirus NL63, Human (drug effects)</term><term>Coronavirus NL63, Human (physiology)</term><term>Cyclophilin A (metabolism)</term><term>Cyclosporine (pharmacology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</term><term>Tacrolimus (pharmacology)</term><term>Virus Replication (drug effects)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux (pharmacologie)</term><term>Cellules Caco-2</term><term>Ciclosporine (pharmacologie)</term><term>Coronavirus humain NL63 ()</term><term>Coronavirus humain NL63 (physiologie)</term><term>Cyclophiline A (métabolisme)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel</term><term>Réplication virale ()</term><term>Tacrolimus (pharmacologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Cyclophilin A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term><term>Cyclosporine</term><term>Tacrolimus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus NL63, Human</term><term>Virus Replication</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cyclophiline A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux</term><term>Ciclosporine</term><term>Tacrolimus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus humain NL63</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus NL63, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Caco-2 Cells</term><term>Humans</term><term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cellules Caco-2</term><term>Coronavirus humain NL63</term><term>Humains</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel</term><term>Réplication virale</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Until recently, there were no effective drugs available blocking coronavirus (CoV) infection in humans and animals. We have shown before that CsA and FK506 inhibit coronavirus replication (Carbajo-Lozoya, J., Müller, M.A., Kallies, S., Thiel, V., Drosten, C., von Brunn, A. Replication of human coronaviruses SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E is inhibited by the drug FK506. Virus Res. 2012; Pfefferle, S., Schöpf, J., Kögl, M., Friedel, C., Müller, M.A., Stellberger, T., von Dall'Armi, E., Herzog, P., Kallies, S., Niemeyer, D., Ditt, V., Kuri, T., Züst, R., Schwarz, F., Zimmer, R., Steffen, I., Weber, F., Thiel, V., Herrler, G., Thiel, H.-J., Schwegmann-Weßels, C., Pöhlmann, S., Haas, J., Drosten, C. and von Brunn, A. The SARS-Coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pan-Coronavirus inhibitors. PLoS Pathog., 2011). Here we demonstrate that CsD Alisporivir, NIM811 as well as novel non-immunosuppressive derivatives of CsA and FK506 strongly inhibit the growth of human coronavirus HCoV-NL63 at low micromolar, non-cytotoxic concentrations in cell culture. We show by qPCR analysis that virus replication is diminished up to four orders of magnitude to background levels. Knockdown of the cellular Cyclophilin A (CypA/PPIA) gene in Caco-2 cells prevents replication of HCoV-NL63, suggesting that CypA is required for virus replication. Collectively, our results uncover Cyclophilin A as a host target for CoV infection and provide new strategies for urgently needed therapeutic approaches. </div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">24566223</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>07</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1872-7492</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>184</Volume><PubDate><Year>2014</Year><Month>May</Month><Day>12</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Virus research</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Virus Res.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Human coronavirus NL63 replication is cyclophilin A-dependent and inhibited by non-immunosuppressive cyclosporine A-derivatives including Alisporivir.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>44-53</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.virusres.2014.02.010</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0168-1702(14)00063-X</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Until recently, there were no effective drugs available blocking coronavirus (CoV) infection in humans and animals. We have shown before that CsA and FK506 inhibit coronavirus replication (Carbajo-Lozoya, J., Müller, M.A., Kallies, S., Thiel, V., Drosten, C., von Brunn, A. Replication of human coronaviruses SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E is inhibited by the drug FK506. Virus Res. 2012; Pfefferle, S., Schöpf, J., Kögl, M., Friedel, C., Müller, M.A., Stellberger, T., von Dall'Armi, E., Herzog, P., Kallies, S., Niemeyer, D., Ditt, V., Kuri, T., Züst, R., Schwarz, F., Zimmer, R., Steffen, I., Weber, F., Thiel, V., Herrler, G., Thiel, H.-J., Schwegmann-Weßels, C., Pöhlmann, S., Haas, J., Drosten, C. and von Brunn, A. The SARS-Coronavirus-host interactome: identification of cyclophilins as target for pan-Coronavirus inhibitors. PLoS Pathog., 2011). Here we demonstrate that CsD Alisporivir, NIM811 as well as novel non-immunosuppressive derivatives of CsA and FK506 strongly inhibit the growth of human coronavirus HCoV-NL63 at low micromolar, non-cytotoxic concentrations in cell culture. We show by qPCR analysis that virus replication is diminished up to four orders of magnitude to background levels. Knockdown of the cellular Cyclophilin A (CypA/PPIA) gene in Caco-2 cells prevents replication of HCoV-NL63, suggesting that CypA is required for virus replication. Collectively, our results uncover Cyclophilin A as a host target for CoV infection and provide new strategies for urgently needed therapeutic approaches. </AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carbajo-Lozoya</LastName><ForeName>Javier</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ma-Lauer</LastName><ForeName>Yue</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Malešević</LastName><ForeName>Miroslav</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Enzymology, Halle, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Theuerkorn</LastName><ForeName>Martin</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kahlert</LastName><ForeName>Viktoria</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Prell</LastName><ForeName>Erik</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>von Brunn</LastName><ForeName>Brigitte</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muth</LastName><ForeName>Doreen</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baumert</LastName><ForeName>Thomas F</ForeName><Initials>TF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Inserm U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Drosten</LastName><ForeName>Christian</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Virologie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fischer</LastName><ForeName>Gunter</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>von Brunn</LastName><ForeName>Albrecht</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany. Electronic address: vonbrunn@mvp.uni-muenchen.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2014</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>22</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Virus Res</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8410979</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0168-1702</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000998">Antiviral Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>83HN0GTJ6D</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D016572">Cyclosporine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>96262S4I14</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C090438">(melle-4)cyclosporin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 5.2.1.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D021984">Cyclophilin A</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>VBP9099AA6</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C499715">alisporivir</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>WM0HAQ4WNM</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D016559">Tacrolimus</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000998" MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018938" MajorTopicYN="N">Caco-2 Cells</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058957" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus NL63, Human</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D021984" MajorTopicYN="N">Cyclophilin A</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016572" MajorTopicYN="N">Cyclosporine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="Y">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060888" MajorTopicYN="N">Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016559" MajorTopicYN="N">Tacrolimus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000494" MajorTopicYN="N">pharmacology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014779" MajorTopicYN="N">Virus Replication</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cyclophilin A</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Cyclosporine/FK506-non-immunosuppressive derivatives</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">FKBP</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">HCoV-NL63</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Inhibition of viral replication</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2014</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>12</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2014</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2014</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:24566223" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |