Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections
Identifieur interne : 001847 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 001846; suivant : 001848Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections
Auteurs : Lisa E. Gralinski ; Ralph S. BaricSource :
- The Journal of Pathology [ 0022-3417 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life‐threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/path.4454
PubMed: 25270030
PubMed Central: 4267971
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<p id="path4454-para-0001">Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life‐threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">ALI</styled-content>
) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">ARDS</styled-content>
). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">SARS</styled-content>
) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">MERS</styled-content>
) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment <italic>in vitro</italic>
, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection. © 2014 The Authors. <italic>The Journal of Pathology</italic>
published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.</p>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Pathol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Pathol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9896</journal-id>
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<title-group><article-title>Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="right-running-head">Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</alt-title>
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Gralinski and <styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">RS</styled-content>
Baric</alt-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib id="path4454-cr-0001" contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gralinski</surname>
<given-names>Lisa E</given-names>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="path4454-aff-0001"><sup>1</sup>
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<contrib id="path4454-cr-0002" contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Baric</surname>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="path4454-aff-0002"><sup>2</sup>
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<aff id="path4454-aff-0001"><label><sup>1</sup>
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<named-content content-type="organisation-division">Department of Epidemiology</named-content>
<institution>University of North Carolina</institution>
<city>Chapel Hill</city>
<named-content content-type="country-part">NC</named-content>
<country country="US">USA</country>
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<named-content content-type="organisation-division">Department of Microbiology and Immunology</named-content>
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<city>Chapel Hill</city>
<named-content content-type="country-part">NC</named-content>
<country country="US">USA</country>
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<author-notes><corresp id="correspondenceTo"><label>*</label>
Correspondence to: RS Baric, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599–7435, USA. E‐mail: <email>rbaric@email.unc.ed</email>
</corresp>
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<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month>
<year>2015</year>
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<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2014</year>
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<volume>235</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/path.2015.235.issue-2</issue-id>
<issue-title content-type="special-issue-title">Viruses and Disease</issue-title>
<fpage>185</fpage>
<lpage>195</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>18</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2014</year>
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<permissions><pmc-comment> Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland </pmc-comment>
<copyright-statement content-type="article-copyright">© 2014 The Authors. <italic>The Journal of Pathology</italic>
published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="creativeCommonsBy-nc-nd"><license-p>This is an open access article under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/</ext-link>
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<abstract id="path4454-abs-0001"><title>Abstract</title>
<p id="path4454-para-0001">Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life‐threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">ALI</styled-content>
) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">ARDS</styled-content>
). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">SARS</styled-content>
) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (<styled-content style="fixed-case" toggle="no">MERS</styled-content>
) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment <italic>in vitro</italic>
, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection. © 2014 The Authors. <italic>The Journal of Pathology</italic>
published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.</p>
</abstract>
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<notes><fn-group id="path4454-ntgp-0001"><fn id="path4454-note-0001"><p>No conflicts of interest were declared.</p>
</fn>
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