Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19
Identifieur interne : 001301 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 001300; suivant : 001302Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19
Auteurs : Jonathan Grein ; Norio Ohmagari ; Daniel Shin ; George Diaz ; Erika Asperges ; Antonella Castagna ; Torsten Feldt ; Gary Green ; Margaret L. Green ; François-Xavier Lescure ; Emanuele Nicastri ; Rentaro Oda ; Kikuo Yo ; Eugenia Quiros-Roldan ; Alex Studemeister ; John Redinski ; Seema Ahmed ; Jorge Bernett ; Daniel Chelliah ; Danny Chen ; Shingo Chihara ; Stuart H. Cohen ; Jennifer Cunningham ; Antonella D Rminio Monforte ; Saad Ismail ; Hideaki Kato ; Giuseppe Lapadula ; Erwan L Er ; Toshitaka Maeno ; Sumit Majumder ; Marco Massari ; Marta Mora-Rillo ; Yoshikazu Mutoh ; Duc Nguyen ; Ewa Verweij ; Alexander Zoufaly ; Anu O. Osinusi ; Adam Dezure ; Yang Zhao ; Lijie Zhong ; Anand Chokkalingam ; Emon Elboudwarej ; Laura Telep ; Leighann Timbs ; Ilana Henne ; Scott Sellers ; Huyen Cao ; Susanna K. Tan ; Lucinda Winterbourne ; Polly Desai ; Robertino Mera ; Anuj Gaggar ; Robert P. Myers ; Diana M. Brainard ; Richard Childs ; Timothy FlaniganSource :
- The New England Journal of Medicine [ 0028-4793 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Remdesivir, a nucleotide analogue prodrug that inhibits viral RNA polymerases, has shown in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2.
We provided remdesivir on a compassionate-use basis to patients hospitalized with Covid-19, the illness caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Patients were those with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who had an oxygen saturation of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or who were receiving oxygen support. Patients received a 10-day course of remdesivir, consisting of 200 mg administered intravenously on day 1, followed by 100 mg daily for the remaining 9 days of treatment. This report is based on data from patients who received remdesivir during the period from January 25, 2020, through March 7, 2020, and have clinical data for at least 1 subsequent day.
Of the 61 patients who received at least one dose of remdesivir, data from 8 could not be analyzed (including 7 patients with no post-treatment data and 1 with a dosing error). Of the 53 patients whose data were analyzed, 22 were in the United States, 22 in Europe or Canada, and 9 in Japan. At baseline, 30 patients (57%) were receiving mechanical ventilation and 4 (8%) were receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. During a median follow-up of 18 days, 36 patients (68%) had an improvement in oxygen-support class, including 17 of 30 patients (57%) receiving mechanical ventilation who were extubated. A total of 25 patients (47%) were discharged, and 7 patients (13%) died; mortality was 18% (6 of 34) among patients receiving invasive ventilation and 5% (1 of 19) among those not receiving invasive ventilation.
In this cohort of patients hospitalized for severe Covid-19 who were treated with compassionate-use remdesivir, clinical improvement was observed in 36 of 53 patients (68%). Measurement of efficacy will require ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled trials of remdesivir therapy. (Funded by Gilead Sciences.)
Url:
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007016
PubMed: NONE
PubMed Central: 7169476
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19</title><author><name sortKey="Grein, Jonathan" sort="Grein, Jonathan" uniqKey="Grein J" first="Jonathan" last="Grein">Jonathan Grein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ohmagari, Norio" sort="Ohmagari, Norio" uniqKey="Ohmagari N" first="Norio" last="Ohmagari">Norio Ohmagari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Daniel" sort="Shin, Daniel" uniqKey="Shin D" first="Daniel" last="Shin">Daniel Shin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diaz, George" sort="Diaz, George" uniqKey="Diaz G" first="George" last="Diaz">George Diaz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Asperges, Erika" sort="Asperges, Erika" uniqKey="Asperges E" first="Erika" last="Asperges">Erika Asperges</name></author><author><name sortKey="Castagna, Antonella" sort="Castagna, Antonella" uniqKey="Castagna A" first="Antonella" last="Castagna">Antonella Castagna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feldt, Torsten" sort="Feldt, Torsten" uniqKey="Feldt T" first="Torsten" last="Feldt">Torsten Feldt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Green, Gary" sort="Green, Gary" uniqKey="Green G" first="Gary" last="Green">Gary Green</name></author><author><name sortKey="Green, Margaret L" sort="Green, Margaret L" uniqKey="Green M" first="Margaret L." last="Green">Margaret L. Green</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lescure, Francois Xavier" sort="Lescure, Francois Xavier" uniqKey="Lescure F" first="François-Xavier" last="Lescure">François-Xavier Lescure</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nicastri, Emanuele" sort="Nicastri, Emanuele" uniqKey="Nicastri E" first="Emanuele" last="Nicastri">Emanuele Nicastri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oda, Rentaro" sort="Oda, Rentaro" uniqKey="Oda R" first="Rentaro" last="Oda">Rentaro Oda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yo, Kikuo" sort="Yo, Kikuo" uniqKey="Yo K" first="Kikuo" last="Yo">Kikuo Yo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quiros Roldan, Eugenia" sort="Quiros Roldan, Eugenia" uniqKey="Quiros Roldan E" first="Eugenia" last="Quiros-Roldan">Eugenia Quiros-Roldan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Studemeister, Alex" sort="Studemeister, Alex" uniqKey="Studemeister A" first="Alex" last="Studemeister">Alex Studemeister</name></author><author><name sortKey="Redinski, John" sort="Redinski, John" uniqKey="Redinski J" first="John" last="Redinski">John Redinski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, Seema" sort="Ahmed, Seema" uniqKey="Ahmed S" first="Seema" last="Ahmed">Seema Ahmed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bernett, Jorge" sort="Bernett, Jorge" uniqKey="Bernett J" first="Jorge" last="Bernett">Jorge Bernett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chelliah, Daniel" sort="Chelliah, Daniel" uniqKey="Chelliah D" first="Daniel" last="Chelliah">Daniel Chelliah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Danny" sort="Chen, Danny" uniqKey="Chen D" first="Danny" last="Chen">Danny Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chihara, Shingo" sort="Chihara, Shingo" uniqKey="Chihara S" first="Shingo" last="Chihara">Shingo Chihara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Stuart H" sort="Cohen, Stuart H" uniqKey="Cohen S" first="Stuart H." last="Cohen">Stuart H. Cohen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cunningham, Jennifer" sort="Cunningham, Jennifer" uniqKey="Cunningham J" first="Jennifer" last="Cunningham">Jennifer Cunningham</name></author><author><name sortKey="D Rminio Monforte, Antonella" sort="D Rminio Monforte, Antonella" uniqKey="D Rminio Monforte A" first="Antonella" last="D Rminio Monforte">Antonella D Rminio Monforte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ismail, Saad" sort="Ismail, Saad" uniqKey="Ismail S" first="Saad" last="Ismail">Saad Ismail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kato, Hideaki" sort="Kato, Hideaki" uniqKey="Kato H" first="Hideaki" last="Kato">Hideaki Kato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lapadula, Giuseppe" sort="Lapadula, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Lapadula G" first="Giuseppe" last="Lapadula">Giuseppe Lapadula</name></author><author><name sortKey="L Er, Erwan" sort="L Er, Erwan" uniqKey="L Er E" first="Erwan" last="L Er">Erwan L Er</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maeno, Toshitaka" sort="Maeno, Toshitaka" uniqKey="Maeno T" first="Toshitaka" last="Maeno">Toshitaka Maeno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Majumder, Sumit" sort="Majumder, Sumit" uniqKey="Majumder S" first="Sumit" last="Majumder">Sumit Majumder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Massari, Marco" sort="Massari, Marco" uniqKey="Massari M" first="Marco" last="Massari">Marco Massari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mora Rillo, Marta" sort="Mora Rillo, Marta" uniqKey="Mora Rillo M" first="Marta" last="Mora-Rillo">Marta Mora-Rillo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mutoh, Yoshikazu" sort="Mutoh, Yoshikazu" uniqKey="Mutoh Y" first="Yoshikazu" last="Mutoh">Yoshikazu Mutoh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Duc" sort="Nguyen, Duc" uniqKey="Nguyen D" first="Duc" last="Nguyen">Duc Nguyen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verweij, Ewa" sort="Verweij, Ewa" uniqKey="Verweij E" first="Ewa" last="Verweij">Ewa Verweij</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zoufaly, Alexander" sort="Zoufaly, Alexander" uniqKey="Zoufaly A" first="Alexander" last="Zoufaly">Alexander Zoufaly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osinusi, Anu O" sort="Osinusi, Anu O" uniqKey="Osinusi A" first="Anu O." last="Osinusi">Anu O. Osinusi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dezure, Adam" sort="Dezure, Adam" uniqKey="Dezure A" first="Adam" last="Dezure">Adam Dezure</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yang" sort="Zhao, Yang" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yang" last="Zhao">Yang Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhong, Lijie" sort="Zhong, Lijie" uniqKey="Zhong L" first="Lijie" last="Zhong">Lijie Zhong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chokkalingam, Anand" sort="Chokkalingam, Anand" uniqKey="Chokkalingam A" first="Anand" last="Chokkalingam">Anand Chokkalingam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elboudwarej, Emon" sort="Elboudwarej, Emon" uniqKey="Elboudwarej E" first="Emon" last="Elboudwarej">Emon Elboudwarej</name></author><author><name sortKey="Telep, Laura" sort="Telep, Laura" uniqKey="Telep L" first="Laura" last="Telep">Laura Telep</name></author><author><name sortKey="Timbs, Leighann" sort="Timbs, Leighann" uniqKey="Timbs L" first="Leighann" last="Timbs">Leighann Timbs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henne, Ilana" sort="Henne, Ilana" uniqKey="Henne I" first="Ilana" last="Henne">Ilana Henne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sellers, Scott" sort="Sellers, Scott" uniqKey="Sellers S" first="Scott" last="Sellers">Scott Sellers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cao, Huyen" sort="Cao, Huyen" uniqKey="Cao H" first="Huyen" last="Cao">Huyen Cao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Susanna K" sort="Tan, Susanna K" uniqKey="Tan S" first="Susanna K." last="Tan">Susanna K. Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Winterbourne, Lucinda" sort="Winterbourne, Lucinda" uniqKey="Winterbourne L" first="Lucinda" last="Winterbourne">Lucinda Winterbourne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Desai, Polly" sort="Desai, Polly" uniqKey="Desai P" first="Polly" last="Desai">Polly Desai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mera, Robertino" sort="Mera, Robertino" uniqKey="Mera R" first="Robertino" last="Mera">Robertino Mera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gaggar, Anuj" sort="Gaggar, Anuj" uniqKey="Gaggar A" first="Anuj" last="Gaggar">Anuj Gaggar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Myers, Robert P" sort="Myers, Robert P" uniqKey="Myers R" first="Robert P." last="Myers">Robert P. Myers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brainard, Diana M" sort="Brainard, Diana M" uniqKey="Brainard D" first="Diana M." last="Brainard">Diana M. Brainard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Childs, Richard" sort="Childs, Richard" uniqKey="Childs R" first="Richard" last="Childs">Richard Childs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flanigan, Timothy" sort="Flanigan, Timothy" uniqKey="Flanigan T" first="Timothy" last="Flanigan">Timothy Flanigan</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmc">7169476</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169476</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7169476</idno><idno type="doi">10.1056/NEJMoa2007016</idno><idno type="pmid">NONE</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001301</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001301</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001301</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001301</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19</title><author><name sortKey="Grein, Jonathan" sort="Grein, Jonathan" uniqKey="Grein J" first="Jonathan" last="Grein">Jonathan Grein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ohmagari, Norio" sort="Ohmagari, Norio" uniqKey="Ohmagari N" first="Norio" last="Ohmagari">Norio Ohmagari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Daniel" sort="Shin, Daniel" uniqKey="Shin D" first="Daniel" last="Shin">Daniel Shin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diaz, George" sort="Diaz, George" uniqKey="Diaz G" first="George" last="Diaz">George Diaz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Asperges, Erika" sort="Asperges, Erika" uniqKey="Asperges E" first="Erika" last="Asperges">Erika Asperges</name></author><author><name sortKey="Castagna, Antonella" sort="Castagna, Antonella" uniqKey="Castagna A" first="Antonella" last="Castagna">Antonella Castagna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feldt, Torsten" sort="Feldt, Torsten" uniqKey="Feldt T" first="Torsten" last="Feldt">Torsten Feldt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Green, Gary" sort="Green, Gary" uniqKey="Green G" first="Gary" last="Green">Gary Green</name></author><author><name sortKey="Green, Margaret L" sort="Green, Margaret L" uniqKey="Green M" first="Margaret L." last="Green">Margaret L. Green</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lescure, Francois Xavier" sort="Lescure, Francois Xavier" uniqKey="Lescure F" first="François-Xavier" last="Lescure">François-Xavier Lescure</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nicastri, Emanuele" sort="Nicastri, Emanuele" uniqKey="Nicastri E" first="Emanuele" last="Nicastri">Emanuele Nicastri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oda, Rentaro" sort="Oda, Rentaro" uniqKey="Oda R" first="Rentaro" last="Oda">Rentaro Oda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yo, Kikuo" sort="Yo, Kikuo" uniqKey="Yo K" first="Kikuo" last="Yo">Kikuo Yo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quiros Roldan, Eugenia" sort="Quiros Roldan, Eugenia" uniqKey="Quiros Roldan E" first="Eugenia" last="Quiros-Roldan">Eugenia Quiros-Roldan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Studemeister, Alex" sort="Studemeister, Alex" uniqKey="Studemeister A" first="Alex" last="Studemeister">Alex Studemeister</name></author><author><name sortKey="Redinski, John" sort="Redinski, John" uniqKey="Redinski J" first="John" last="Redinski">John Redinski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, Seema" sort="Ahmed, Seema" uniqKey="Ahmed S" first="Seema" last="Ahmed">Seema Ahmed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bernett, Jorge" sort="Bernett, Jorge" uniqKey="Bernett J" first="Jorge" last="Bernett">Jorge Bernett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chelliah, Daniel" sort="Chelliah, Daniel" uniqKey="Chelliah D" first="Daniel" last="Chelliah">Daniel Chelliah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Danny" sort="Chen, Danny" uniqKey="Chen D" first="Danny" last="Chen">Danny Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chihara, Shingo" sort="Chihara, Shingo" uniqKey="Chihara S" first="Shingo" last="Chihara">Shingo Chihara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Stuart H" sort="Cohen, Stuart H" uniqKey="Cohen S" first="Stuart H." last="Cohen">Stuart H. Cohen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cunningham, Jennifer" sort="Cunningham, Jennifer" uniqKey="Cunningham J" first="Jennifer" last="Cunningham">Jennifer Cunningham</name></author><author><name sortKey="D Rminio Monforte, Antonella" sort="D Rminio Monforte, Antonella" uniqKey="D Rminio Monforte A" first="Antonella" last="D Rminio Monforte">Antonella D Rminio Monforte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ismail, Saad" sort="Ismail, Saad" uniqKey="Ismail S" first="Saad" last="Ismail">Saad Ismail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kato, Hideaki" sort="Kato, Hideaki" uniqKey="Kato H" first="Hideaki" last="Kato">Hideaki Kato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lapadula, Giuseppe" sort="Lapadula, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Lapadula G" first="Giuseppe" last="Lapadula">Giuseppe Lapadula</name></author><author><name sortKey="L Er, Erwan" sort="L Er, Erwan" uniqKey="L Er E" first="Erwan" last="L Er">Erwan L Er</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maeno, Toshitaka" sort="Maeno, Toshitaka" uniqKey="Maeno T" first="Toshitaka" last="Maeno">Toshitaka Maeno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Majumder, Sumit" sort="Majumder, Sumit" uniqKey="Majumder S" first="Sumit" last="Majumder">Sumit Majumder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Massari, Marco" sort="Massari, Marco" uniqKey="Massari M" first="Marco" last="Massari">Marco Massari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mora Rillo, Marta" sort="Mora Rillo, Marta" uniqKey="Mora Rillo M" first="Marta" last="Mora-Rillo">Marta Mora-Rillo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mutoh, Yoshikazu" sort="Mutoh, Yoshikazu" uniqKey="Mutoh Y" first="Yoshikazu" last="Mutoh">Yoshikazu Mutoh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Duc" sort="Nguyen, Duc" uniqKey="Nguyen D" first="Duc" last="Nguyen">Duc Nguyen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verweij, Ewa" sort="Verweij, Ewa" uniqKey="Verweij E" first="Ewa" last="Verweij">Ewa Verweij</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zoufaly, Alexander" sort="Zoufaly, Alexander" uniqKey="Zoufaly A" first="Alexander" last="Zoufaly">Alexander Zoufaly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Osinusi, Anu O" sort="Osinusi, Anu O" uniqKey="Osinusi A" first="Anu O." last="Osinusi">Anu O. Osinusi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dezure, Adam" sort="Dezure, Adam" uniqKey="Dezure A" first="Adam" last="Dezure">Adam Dezure</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yang" sort="Zhao, Yang" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yang" last="Zhao">Yang Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhong, Lijie" sort="Zhong, Lijie" uniqKey="Zhong L" first="Lijie" last="Zhong">Lijie Zhong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chokkalingam, Anand" sort="Chokkalingam, Anand" uniqKey="Chokkalingam A" first="Anand" last="Chokkalingam">Anand Chokkalingam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elboudwarej, Emon" sort="Elboudwarej, Emon" uniqKey="Elboudwarej E" first="Emon" last="Elboudwarej">Emon Elboudwarej</name></author><author><name sortKey="Telep, Laura" sort="Telep, Laura" uniqKey="Telep L" first="Laura" last="Telep">Laura Telep</name></author><author><name sortKey="Timbs, Leighann" sort="Timbs, Leighann" uniqKey="Timbs L" first="Leighann" last="Timbs">Leighann Timbs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henne, Ilana" sort="Henne, Ilana" uniqKey="Henne I" first="Ilana" last="Henne">Ilana Henne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sellers, Scott" sort="Sellers, Scott" uniqKey="Sellers S" first="Scott" last="Sellers">Scott Sellers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cao, Huyen" sort="Cao, Huyen" uniqKey="Cao H" first="Huyen" last="Cao">Huyen Cao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Susanna K" sort="Tan, Susanna K" uniqKey="Tan S" first="Susanna K." last="Tan">Susanna K. Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Winterbourne, Lucinda" sort="Winterbourne, Lucinda" uniqKey="Winterbourne L" first="Lucinda" last="Winterbourne">Lucinda Winterbourne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Desai, Polly" sort="Desai, Polly" uniqKey="Desai P" first="Polly" last="Desai">Polly Desai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mera, Robertino" sort="Mera, Robertino" uniqKey="Mera R" first="Robertino" last="Mera">Robertino Mera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gaggar, Anuj" sort="Gaggar, Anuj" uniqKey="Gaggar A" first="Anuj" last="Gaggar">Anuj Gaggar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Myers, Robert P" sort="Myers, Robert P" uniqKey="Myers R" first="Robert P." last="Myers">Robert P. Myers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brainard, Diana M" sort="Brainard, Diana M" uniqKey="Brainard D" first="Diana M." last="Brainard">Diana M. Brainard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Childs, Richard" sort="Childs, Richard" uniqKey="Childs R" first="Richard" last="Childs">Richard Childs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flanigan, Timothy" sort="Flanigan, Timothy" uniqKey="Flanigan T" first="Timothy" last="Flanigan">Timothy Flanigan</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The New England Journal of Medicine</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-4793</idno><idno type="eISSN">1533-4406</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Abstract</title><sec id="sc_a1"><title>Background</title><p>Remdesivir, a nucleotide analogue prodrug that inhibits viral RNA polymerases, has shown in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2.</p></sec><sec id="sc_a2"><title>Methods</title><p>We provided remdesivir on a compassionate-use basis to patients hospitalized with Covid-19, the illness caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Patients were those with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who had an oxygen saturation of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or who were receiving oxygen support. Patients received a 10-day course of remdesivir, consisting of 200 mg administered intravenously on day 1, followed by 100 mg daily for the remaining 9 days of treatment. This report is based on data from patients who received remdesivir during the period from January 25, 2020, through March 7, 2020, and have clinical data for at least 1 subsequent day.</p></sec><sec id="sc_a3"><title>Results</title><p>Of the 61 patients who received at least one dose of remdesivir, data from 8 could not be analyzed (including 7 patients with no post-treatment data and 1 with a dosing error). Of the 53 patients whose data were analyzed, 22 were in the United States, 22 in Europe or Canada, and 9 in Japan. At baseline, 30 patients (57%) were receiving mechanical ventilation and 4 (8%) were receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. During a median follow-up of 18 days, 36 patients (68%) had an improvement in oxygen-support class, including 17 of 30 patients (57%) receiving mechanical ventilation who were extubated. A total of 25 patients (47%) were discharged, and 7 patients (13%) died; mortality was 18% (6 of 34) among patients receiving invasive ventilation and 5% (1 of 19) among those not receiving invasive ventilation.</p></sec><sec id="sc_a4"><title>Conclusions</title><p>In this cohort of patients hospitalized for severe Covid-19 who were treated with compassionate-use remdesivir, clinical improvement was observed in 36 of 53 patients (68%). Measurement of efficacy will require ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled trials of remdesivir therapy. (Funded by Gilead Sciences.)</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">N Engl J Med</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">N. Engl. J. Med</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nejm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The New England Journal of Medicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0028-4793</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1533-4406</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Massachusetts Medical Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7169476</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1056/NEJMoa2007016</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">NJ202004103820001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Grein</surname><given-names>Jonathan</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ohmagari</surname><given-names>Norio</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shin</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Diaz</surname><given-names>George</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Asperges</surname><given-names>Erika</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Castagna</surname><given-names>Antonella</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Feldt</surname><given-names>Torsten</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Green</surname><given-names>Gary</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Green</surname><given-names>Margaret L.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., M.P.H.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lescure</surname><given-names>François-Xavier</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" specific-use="authenticated" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5606-8712</contrib-id><name><surname>Nicastri</surname><given-names>Emanuele</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" specific-use="authenticated" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6066-2853</contrib-id><name><surname>Oda</surname><given-names>Rentaro</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yo</surname><given-names>Kikuo</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., D.M.Sc.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Quiros-Roldan</surname><given-names>Eugenia</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Studemeister</surname><given-names>Alex</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Redinski</surname><given-names>John</given-names></name><degrees>D.O.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ahmed</surname><given-names>Seema</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bernett</surname><given-names>Jorge</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chelliah</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Danny</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chihara</surname><given-names>Shingo</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cohen</surname><given-names>Stuart H.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cunningham</surname><given-names>Jennifer</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>D’Arminio Monforte</surname><given-names>Antonella</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ismail</surname><given-names>Saad</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kato</surname><given-names>Hideaki</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lapadula</surname><given-names>Giuseppe</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>L’Her</surname><given-names>Erwan</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maeno</surname><given-names>Toshitaka</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Majumder</surname><given-names>Sumit</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Massari</surname><given-names>Marco</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mora-Rillo</surname><given-names>Marta</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mutoh</surname><given-names>Yoshikazu</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Duc</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Pharm.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Verweij</surname><given-names>Ewa</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zoufaly</surname><given-names>Alexander</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Osinusi</surname><given-names>Anu O.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>DeZure</surname><given-names>Adam</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhao</surname><given-names>Yang</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhong</surname><given-names>Lijie</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chokkalingam</surname><given-names>Anand</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Elboudwarej</surname><given-names>Emon</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Telep</surname><given-names>Laura</given-names></name><degrees>M.P.H.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Timbs</surname><given-names>Leighann</given-names></name><degrees>B.A.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Henne</surname><given-names>Ilana</given-names></name><degrees>M.S.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sellers</surname><given-names>Scott</given-names></name><degrees>Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cao</surname><given-names>Huyen</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tan</surname><given-names>Susanna K.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Winterbourne</surname><given-names>Lucinda</given-names></name><degrees>B.A.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Desai</surname><given-names>Polly</given-names></name><degrees>M.P.H.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mera</surname><given-names>Robertino</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gaggar</surname><given-names>Anuj</given-names></name><degrees>M.D., Ph.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Myers</surname><given-names>Robert P.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Brainard</surname><given-names>Diana M.</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Childs</surname><given-names>Richard</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Flanigan</surname><given-names>Timothy</given-names></name><degrees>M.D.</degrees></contrib><aff>From Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles (J.G.), El Camino Hospital, Mountain View (D.S., D. Chelliah), Sutter Santa Rosa Regional Hospital, Santa Rosa (G.G.), Regional Medical Center (A.S., J.R.) and Good Samaritan Hospital (S.M.), San Jose, John Muir Health, Walnut Creek (J.B.), UC Davis Health, Sacramento (S.H.C.), NorthBay Medical Center, Fairfield (S.I.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (A.O.O., A.D., Y.Z., L.Z., A. Chokkalingam, E.E., L. Telep, L. Timbs, I.H., S.S., H.C., S.K.T., L.W., P.D., R.M., A.G., R.P.M., D.M.B.) — all in California; the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo (N.O.), Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center, Urayasu City (R.O.), Hiratsuka City Hospital, Hiratsuka (K.Y.), Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama (H.K.), Gunma University Hospital, Gunma (T.M.), and Tosei General Hospital, Seto (Y.M.) — all in Japan; Providence Regional Medical Center Everett, Everett (G.D.), and University of Washington Medical Center–Northwest (M.L.G.) and Virginia Mason Medical Center (S. Chihara), Seattle — all in Washington; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (E.A.), IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (A. Castagna) and Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Spedali (ASST) Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Services, University of Milan (A.D.M.), Milan, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, L. Spallanzani, Rome (E.N.), Università degli Study of Brescia, ASST Civili di Brescia, Brescia (E.Q.-R.), San Gerardo Hospital, ASST Monza, University of Milan–Bicocca, Monza (G.L.), and Azienda Unite Sanitarie Locali–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia (M.M.) — all in Italy; Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (T. Feldt); Université de Paris, Infection, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME), INSERM, and Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Infectious Diseases, Bichat Hospital, Paris (F.-X.L.), Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Brest–La Cavale Blanche, Brest (E.L.), and Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux (D.N.) — all in France; St. Alexius Medical Center, Hoffman Estates, IL (S.A.); Mackenzie Health, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada (D. Chen); Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (J.C.); Hospital Universitario La Paz–Carlos III, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid (M.M.-R.); Bernhoven Hospital, Uden, the Netherlands (E.V.); Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Vienna (A.Z.); the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Washington, DC (R.C.); and Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI (T. Flanigan).</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp>Address reprint requests to Dr. Brainard at Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Dr., Foster City, CA 94404, or at <email xlink:href="diana.brainard@gilead.com">diana.brainard@gilead.com</email>.</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><elocation-id>NEJMoa2007016</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2020 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Massachusetts Medical Society</copyright-holder><license specific-use="PMC_Covid-19"><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use, except commercial resale, and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgment of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the Covid-19 pandemic or until revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, subject to existing copyright protections.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="NEJMoa2007016.pdf"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="summary"><title>Abstract</title><sec id="sc_a1"><title>Background</title><p>Remdesivir, a nucleotide analogue prodrug that inhibits viral RNA polymerases, has shown in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2.</p></sec><sec id="sc_a2"><title>Methods</title><p>We provided remdesivir on a compassionate-use basis to patients hospitalized with Covid-19, the illness caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Patients were those with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who had an oxygen saturation of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or who were receiving oxygen support. Patients received a 10-day course of remdesivir, consisting of 200 mg administered intravenously on day 1, followed by 100 mg daily for the remaining 9 days of treatment. This report is based on data from patients who received remdesivir during the period from January 25, 2020, through March 7, 2020, and have clinical data for at least 1 subsequent day.</p></sec><sec id="sc_a3"><title>Results</title><p>Of the 61 patients who received at least one dose of remdesivir, data from 8 could not be analyzed (including 7 patients with no post-treatment data and 1 with a dosing error). Of the 53 patients whose data were analyzed, 22 were in the United States, 22 in Europe or Canada, and 9 in Japan. At baseline, 30 patients (57%) were receiving mechanical ventilation and 4 (8%) were receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. During a median follow-up of 18 days, 36 patients (68%) had an improvement in oxygen-support class, including 17 of 30 patients (57%) receiving mechanical ventilation who were extubated. A total of 25 patients (47%) were discharged, and 7 patients (13%) died; mortality was 18% (6 of 34) among patients receiving invasive ventilation and 5% (1 of 19) among those not receiving invasive ventilation.</p></sec><sec id="sc_a4"><title>Conclusions</title><p>In this cohort of patients hospitalized for severe Covid-19 who were treated with compassionate-use remdesivir, clinical improvement was observed in 36 of 53 patients (68%). Measurement of efficacy will require ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled trials of remdesivir therapy. (Funded by Gilead Sciences.)</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="nejm-topics"><nested-kwd><compound-kwd><compound-kwd-part content-type="code">12</compound-kwd-part><compound-kwd-part content-type="keyword">Pulmonary/Critical Care</compound-kwd-part></compound-kwd><nested-kwd><compound-kwd><compound-kwd-part content-type="code">12_1</compound-kwd-part><compound-kwd-part content-type="keyword">Pulmonary/Critical Care General</compound-kwd-part></compound-kwd></nested-kwd></nested-kwd><nested-kwd><compound-kwd><compound-kwd-part content-type="code">18</compound-kwd-part><compound-kwd-part content-type="keyword">Infectious Disease</compound-kwd-part></compound-kwd><nested-kwd><compound-kwd><compound-kwd-part content-type="code">18_1</compound-kwd-part><compound-kwd-part content-type="keyword">Infectious Disease General</compound-kwd-part></compound-kwd><compound-kwd><compound-kwd-part content-type="code">18_6</compound-kwd-part><compound-kwd-part content-type="keyword">Viral Infections</compound-kwd-part></compound-kwd><compound-kwd><compound-kwd-part content-type="code">18_9</compound-kwd-part><compound-kwd-part content-type="keyword">Global Health</compound-kwd-part></compound-kwd></nested-kwd></nested-kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-display-string</meta-name><meta-value>2020-04-10T15:00:00-04:00</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-year</meta-name><meta-value>2020</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-month</meta-name><meta-value>04</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-day</meta-name><meta-value>10</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-hour</meta-name><meta-value>15</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-minute</meta-name><meta-value>00</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-second</meta-name><meta-value>00</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>release-date-time-zone</meta-name><meta-value>-04:00</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><title>Oxygen-Support Status at Baseline and after Treatment.</title><p>For each oxygen-support category, percentages were calculated with the number of patients at baseline as the denominator. Improvement (blue cells), no change (beige) and worsening (gray) in oxygen-support status are shown. Invasive ventilation includes invasive mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), or both. Noninvasive ventilation includes nasal high-flow oxygen therapy, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV), or both.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="NEJMoa2007016_f1"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><title>Changes in Oxygen-Support Status from Baseline in Individual Patients.</title><p>Baseline (day 0) was the day on which treatment with remdesivir (RDV) was initiated. Final oxygen support statuses shown are based on the most recent reported data. For each patient, the colors in the line represent the oxygen-support status of the patient over time. The colored circles to the left of each line indicate the patient’s overall change in status from baseline. A patient’s status “improved” if the oxygen-support status improved before the last follow-up or the patient was discharged. The vertical black marks show the last day of treatment with RDV. The gray dashed lines represent missing data between the patient’s most recent reported oxygen status and an event (death or discharge) or the last dose of RDV. A solid square at the end of a line indicates that the patient died; an open diamond indicates that the patient was discharged from the hospital. If there is neither a square nor a diamond at the end of a line, neither death nor discharge had occurred. Patient 2 was breathing ambient air through day 36. Patients 19 and 31 were discharged on day 44.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="NEJMoa2007016_f2"></graphic></fig><fig id="f3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><title>Cumulative Incidence of Clinical Improvement from Baseline to Day 36.</title><p>Clinical improvement is shown in the full cohort, in the cohort stratified according to ventilation status at baseline, and in the cohort stratified by age.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="NEJMoa2007016_f3"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="t1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Patients.<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t1fn1">*</xref></title></caption><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="NEJMoa2007016_t1"></graphic><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" content-type="tgroup"><colgroup span="1"><col id="t1col1" width="43.03%" span="1"></col><col id="t1col2" width="19.56%" span="1"></col><col id="t1col3" width="21.12%" span="1"></col><col id="t1col4" width="16.29%" span="1"></col></colgroup><thead content-type="thead sticky"><tr content-type="row head1"><th align="left" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txlx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Characteristic</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Invasive<break></break>Ventilation<break></break>(N=34)</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Noninvasive<break></break>Oxygen Support<break></break>(N=19)</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txxr-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total<break></break>(N=53)</th></tr></thead><tbody content-type="tbody"><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Median age (IQR) — yr</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">67 (56–72)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">53 (41–68)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">64 (48–71)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age category — no. (%)</td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><50 yr</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (18)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (42)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 (26)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">50 to <70 yr</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 (41)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7 (37)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21 (40)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">≥70 yr</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 (41)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (21)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18 (34)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Male sex — no. (%)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27 (79)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13 (68)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40 (75)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Region — no. (%)</td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">United States</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14 (41)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (42)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22 (42)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Japan</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (24)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9 (17)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Europe or Canada</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (35)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (53)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22 (42)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oxygen-support category — no. (%)</td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Invasive ventilation</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34 (100)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34 (64)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Invasive mechanical ventilation</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30 (88)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">30 (57)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (12)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (8)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Noninvasive oxygen support</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19 (100)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19 (36)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (11)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High-flow oxygen</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (26)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (9)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low-flow oxygen</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (53)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (19)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient air</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">—</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (11)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Median duration of symptoms before remdesivir therapy (IQR) — days</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (8–15)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13 (10–14)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (9–15)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Coexisting conditions — no. (%)</td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Any condition</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25 (74)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (58)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">36 (68)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypertension</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9 (26)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (21)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13 (25)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (24)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9 (17)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hyperlipidemia</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (18)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (11)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Asthma</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (15)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">6 (11)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Median laboratory values (IQR)</td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ALT — IU per liter</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">48 (31–79)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">27 (20–45)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">37 (25–61)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">AST — IU per liter</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39 (30–76)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">35 (28–46)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">36 (29–67)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xblx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Creatinine — mg per deciliter</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xbxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.90 (0.66–1.17)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xbxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.79 (0.63–1.00)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xbxr-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.89 (0.64–1.08)</td></tr></tbody></table></alternatives><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t1fn1"><label>*</label><p>ALT denotes alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, and IQR interquartile range. To convert the values for creatinine to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.4.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>Summary of Adverse Events.</title></caption><alternatives><graphic xlink:href="NEJMoa2007016_t2"></graphic><table frame="hsides" rules="groups" content-type="tgroup"><colgroup span="1"><col id="t2col1" width="49.94%" span="1"></col><col id="t2col2" width="16.68%" span="1"></col><col id="t2col3" width="16.68%" span="1"></col><col id="t2col4" width="16.68%" span="1"></col></colgroup><thead content-type="thead sticky"><tr content-type="row head1"><th align="left" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txlx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Event</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Invasive Ventilation<break></break>(N=34)</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Noninvasive Oxygen Support<break></break>(N=19)</th><th align="center" valign="bottom" content-type="entry txxr-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total<break></break>(N=53)</th></tr><tr content-type="row head3"><th align="left" content-type="entry xxlx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="center" colspan="3" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" rowspan="1">number of patients (percent)</th></tr></thead><tbody content-type="tbody"><tr content-type="row head2"><td align="left" valign="bottom" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Any adverse event</td><td valign="bottom" content-type="entry xxxx-borders hanging01 shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22 (65)</td><td valign="bottom" content-type="entry xxxx-borders hanging01 shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 (53)</td><td valign="bottom" content-type="entry xxxr-borders hanging01 shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">32 (60)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Adverse events occurring in 2 or more patients</td><td content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hepatic enzyme increased<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t2fn1">*</xref></td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (24)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (21)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (23)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhea</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (3)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (21)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5 (9)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rash</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (9)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (8)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Renal impairment</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (12)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (8)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypotension</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (9)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4 (8)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute kidney injury</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (6)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Atrial fibrillation</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (6)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Multiple-organ-dysfunction syndrome</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (9)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (6)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypernatremia</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (9)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (6)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Deep-vein thrombosis</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (9)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (6)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute respiratory distress syndrome</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (3)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pneumothorax</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hematuria</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Delirium</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (3)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Septic shock</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pyrexia</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (3)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1 (5)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Any serious adverse event</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9 (26)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3 (16)</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12 (23)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging02" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Serious events occurring in 2 or more patients</td><td content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Multiple-organ-dysfunction syndrome</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Septic shock</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xxlx-borders hanging12 shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Acute kidney injury</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xxxx-borders shading" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xxxr-borders shading" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr><tr content-type="row"><td align="left" valign="top" content-type="entry xblx-borders hanging12" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypotension</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xbxx-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (6)</td><td align="center" valign="top" content-type="entry xbxx-borders" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td valign="top" content-type="entry xbxr-borders" align="char" char="(" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 (4)</td></tr></tbody></table></alternatives><table-wrap-foot><fn id="t2fn1"><label>*</label><p>Adverse-event terms are based on the <italic>Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities</italic>, version 22.1. Hepatic enzyme increased includes the following terms: hepatic enzyme increased, alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, and transaminases increased. Elevated hepatic enzymes resulted in discontinuation of remdesivir therapy in 2 patients.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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