In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine
Identifieur interne : 000E19 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000E18; suivant : 000E20In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine
Auteurs : Els Keyaerts ; Leen Vijgen ; Piet Maes ; Johan Neyts ; Marc Van RanstSource :
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications [ 0006-291X ] ; 2004.
Abstract
We report on chloroquine, a 4-amino-quinoline, as an effective inhibitor of the replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in vitro. Chloroquine is a clinically approved drug effective against malaria. We tested chloroquine phosphate for its antiviral potential against SARS-CoV-induced cytopathicity in Vero E6 cell culture. Results indicate that the IC50 of chloroquine for antiviral activity (8.8 ± 1.2 μM) was significantly lower than its cytostatic activity; CC50 (261.3 ± 14.5 μM), yielding a selectivity index of 30. The IC50 of chloroquine for inhibition of SARS-CoV in vitro approximates the plasma concentrations of chloroquine reached during treatment of acute malaria. Addition of chloroquine to infected cultures could be delayed for up to 5 h postinfection, without an important drop in antiviral activity. Chloroquine, an old antimalarial drug, may be considered for immediate use in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV infections.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.085
PubMed: 15351731
PubMed Central: 7092815
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>We report on chloroquine, a 4-amino-quinoline, as an effective inhibitor of the replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in vitro. Chloroquine is a clinically approved drug effective against malaria. We tested chloroquine phosphate for its antiviral potential against SARS-CoV-induced cytopathicity in Vero E6 cell culture. Results indicate that the IC<sub>50</sub>
of chloroquine for antiviral activity (8.8 ± 1.2 μM) was significantly lower than its cytostatic activity; CC<sub>50</sub>
(261.3 ± 14.5 μM), yielding a selectivity index of 30. The IC<sub>50</sub>
of chloroquine for inhibition of SARS-CoV in vitro approximates the plasma concentrations of chloroquine reached during treatment of acute malaria. Addition of chloroquine to infected cultures could be delayed for up to 5 h postinfection, without an important drop in antiviral activity. Chloroquine, an old antimalarial drug, may be considered for immediate use in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV infections.</p>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biochem Biophys Res Commun</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0006-291X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1090-2104</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Elsevier Inc.</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">15351731</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7092815</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0006-291X(04)01839-X</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.085</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Keyaerts</surname>
<given-names>Els</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vijgen</surname>
<given-names>Leen</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maes</surname>
<given-names>Piet</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Neyts</surname>
<given-names>Johan</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ranst</surname>
<given-names>Marc Van</given-names>
</name>
<email>Marc.VanRanst@uz.kuleuven.ac.be</email>
<xref rid="cor1" ref-type="corresp">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff>Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>
Corresponding author. Fax: +32 16 347900 <email>Marc.VanRanst@uz.kuleuven.ac.be</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>28</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>8</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>323</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>264</fpage>
<lpage>268</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>11</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2004</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2004</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Elsevier Inc.</copyright-holder>
<license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>We report on chloroquine, a 4-amino-quinoline, as an effective inhibitor of the replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in vitro. Chloroquine is a clinically approved drug effective against malaria. We tested chloroquine phosphate for its antiviral potential against SARS-CoV-induced cytopathicity in Vero E6 cell culture. Results indicate that the IC<sub>50</sub>
of chloroquine for antiviral activity (8.8 ± 1.2 μM) was significantly lower than its cytostatic activity; CC<sub>50</sub>
(261.3 ± 14.5 μM), yielding a selectivity index of 30. The IC<sub>50</sub>
of chloroquine for inhibition of SARS-CoV in vitro approximates the plasma concentrations of chloroquine reached during treatment of acute malaria. Addition of chloroquine to infected cultures could be delayed for up to 5 h postinfection, without an important drop in antiviral activity. Chloroquine, an old antimalarial drug, may be considered for immediate use in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV infections.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>SARS-CoV</kwd>
<kwd>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</kwd>
<kwd>Coronavirus</kwd>
<kwd>Chloroquine</kwd>
<kwd>Antiviral activity</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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