Molecular Determinants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Pathogenesis and Virulence in Young and Aged Mouse Models of Human Disease
Identifieur interne : 000C67 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000C66; suivant : 000C68Molecular Determinants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Pathogenesis and Virulence in Young and Aged Mouse Models of Human Disease
Auteurs : Matthew Frieman [États-Unis] ; Boyd Yount [États-Unis] ; Sudhakar Agnihothram [États-Unis] ; Carly Page [États-Unis] ; Eric Donaldson [États-Unis] ; Anjeanette Roberts [États-Unis] ; Leatrice Vogel [États-Unis] ; Becky Woodruff [États-Unis] ; Diana Scorpio [États-Unis] ; Kanta Subbarao [États-Unis] ; Ralph S. Baric [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of Virology [ 0022-538X ] ; 2012.
Abstract
SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) causes severe acute respiratory tract disease characterized by diffuse alveolar damage and hyaline membrane formation. This pathology often progresses to acute respiratory distress (such as acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]) and atypical pneumonia in humans, with characteristic age-related mortality rates approaching 50% or more in immunosenescent populations. The molecular basis for the extreme virulence of SARS-CoV remains elusive. Since young and aged (1-year-old) mice do not develop severe clinical disease following infection with wild-type SARS-CoV, a mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV (called MA15) was developed and was shown to cause lethal infection in these animals. To understand the genetic contributions to the increased pathogenesis of MA15 in rodents, we used reverse genetics and evaluated the virulence of panels of derivative viruses encoding various combinations of mouse-adapted mutations. We found that mutations in the viral spike (S) glycoprotein and, to a much less rigorous extent, in the nsp9 nonstructural protein, were primarily associated with the acquisition of virulence in young animals. The mutations in S likely increase recognition of the mouse angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor not only in MA15 but also in two additional, independently isolated mouse-adapted SARS-CoVs. In contrast to the findings for young animals, mutations to revert to the wild-type sequence in nsp9 and the S glycoprotein were not sufficient to significantly attenuate the virus compared to other combinations of mouse-adapted mutations in 12-month-old mice. This panel of SARS-CoVs provides novel reagents that we have used to further our understanding of differential, age-related pathogenic mechanisms in mouse models of human disease.
Url:
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.05957-11
PubMed: 22072787
PubMed Central: 3255850
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<series><title level="j">Journal of Virology</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) causes severe acute respiratory tract disease characterized by diffuse alveolar damage and hyaline membrane formation. This pathology often progresses to acute respiratory distress (such as acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]) and atypical pneumonia in humans, with characteristic age-related mortality rates approaching 50% or more in immunosenescent populations. The molecular basis for the extreme virulence of SARS-CoV remains elusive. Since young and aged (1-year-old) mice do not develop severe clinical disease following infection with wild-type SARS-CoV, a mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV (called MA15) was developed and was shown to cause lethal infection in these animals. To understand the genetic contributions to the increased pathogenesis of MA15 in rodents, we used reverse genetics and evaluated the virulence of panels of derivative viruses encoding various combinations of mouse-adapted mutations. We found that mutations in the viral spike (S) glycoprotein and, to a much less rigorous extent, in the nsp9 nonstructural protein, were primarily associated with the acquisition of virulence in young animals. The mutations in S likely increase recognition of the mouse angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor not only in MA15 but also in two additional, independently isolated mouse-adapted SARS-CoVs. In contrast to the findings for young animals, mutations to revert to the wild-type sequence in nsp9 and the S glycoprotein were not sufficient to significantly attenuate the virus compared to other combinations of mouse-adapted mutations in 12-month-old mice. This panel of SARS-CoVs provides novel reagents that we have used to further our understanding of differential, age-related pathogenic mechanisms in mouse models of human disease.</p>
</div>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Virol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jvi</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">jvi</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JVI</journal-id>
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<publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc>
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<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22072787</article-id>
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<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/JVI.05957-11</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Pathogenesis and Immunity</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Molecular Determinants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Pathogenesis and Virulence in Young and Aged Mouse Models of Human Disease</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Frieman</surname>
<given-names>Matthew</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
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<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yount</surname>
<given-names>Boyd</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Agnihothram</surname>
<given-names>Sudhakar</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Page</surname>
<given-names>Carly</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Donaldson</surname>
<given-names>Eric</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Roberts</surname>
<given-names>Anjeanette</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vogel</surname>
<given-names>Leatrice</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Woodruff</surname>
<given-names>Becky</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Scorpio</surname>
<given-names>Diana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>d</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Subbarao</surname>
<given-names>Kanta</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>c</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baric</surname>
<given-names>Ralph S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA</aff>
<aff id="aff3"><label>c</label>
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA</aff>
<aff id="aff4"><label>d</label>
Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp>Address correspondence to Matthew B. Frieman, <email>mfrieman@som.umaryland.edu</email>
.</corresp>
<fn id="FN1" fn-type="present-address"><label>*</label>
<p>Present address: A. Roberts, University of Virginia, Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases Graduate Program, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA; B. Woodruff, University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>86</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>884</fpage>
<lpage>897</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>10</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>29</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="zjv00212000884.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) causes severe acute respiratory tract disease characterized by diffuse alveolar damage and hyaline membrane formation. This pathology often progresses to acute respiratory distress (such as acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]) and atypical pneumonia in humans, with characteristic age-related mortality rates approaching 50% or more in immunosenescent populations. The molecular basis for the extreme virulence of SARS-CoV remains elusive. Since young and aged (1-year-old) mice do not develop severe clinical disease following infection with wild-type SARS-CoV, a mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV (called MA15) was developed and was shown to cause lethal infection in these animals. To understand the genetic contributions to the increased pathogenesis of MA15 in rodents, we used reverse genetics and evaluated the virulence of panels of derivative viruses encoding various combinations of mouse-adapted mutations. We found that mutations in the viral spike (S) glycoprotein and, to a much less rigorous extent, in the nsp9 nonstructural protein, were primarily associated with the acquisition of virulence in young animals. The mutations in S likely increase recognition of the mouse angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor not only in MA15 but also in two additional, independently isolated mouse-adapted SARS-CoVs. In contrast to the findings for young animals, mutations to revert to the wild-type sequence in nsp9 and the S glycoprotein were not sufficient to significantly attenuate the virus compared to other combinations of mouse-adapted mutations in 12-month-old mice. This panel of SARS-CoVs provides novel reagents that we have used to further our understanding of differential, age-related pathogenic mechanisms in mouse models of human disease.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
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