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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Psychological Impact of the SARS Epidemic on Hospital Employees in China: Exposure, Risk Perception, and Altruistic Acceptance of Risk</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, Ping" sort="Wu, Ping" uniqKey="Wu P" first="Ping" last="Wu">Ping Wu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Associate Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Yunyun" sort="Fang, Yunyun" uniqKey="Fang Y" first="Yunyun" last="Fang">Yunyun Fang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Professor, School of Health Administration, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Zhiqiang" sort="Guan, Zhiqiang" uniqKey="Guan Z" first="Zhiqiang" last="Guan">Zhiqiang Guan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Director, Office of Health Insurance, National Institute For Social Insurance, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fan, Bin" sort="Fan, Bin" uniqKey="Fan B" first="Bin" last="Fan">Bin Fan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Research Scientist, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Junhui" sort="Kong, Junhui" uniqKey="Kong J" first="Junhui" last="Kong">Junhui Kong</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Professor, School of Health Administration, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yao, Zhongling" sort="Yao, Zhongling" uniqKey="Yao Z" first="Zhongling" last="Yao">Zhongling Yao</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Director, Medical Insurance Office, Peking University First School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Xinhua" sort="Liu, Xinhua" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xinhua" last="Liu">Xinhua Liu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fuller, Cordelia J" sort="Fuller, Cordelia J" uniqKey="Fuller C" first="Cordelia J" last="Fuller">Cordelia J. Fuller</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Research Scientist, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Susser, Ezra" sort="Susser, Ezra" uniqKey="Susser E" first="Ezra" last="Susser">Ezra Susser</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Chair, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York; Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lu, Jin" sort="Lu, Jin" uniqKey="Lu J" first="Jin" last="Lu">Jin Lu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Assistant Director, Office of Human Resources, Peking University First School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoven, Christina W" sort="Hoven, Christina W" uniqKey="Hoven C" first="Christina W" last="Hoven">Christina W. Hoven</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Associate Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">19497162</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3780353</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3780353</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3780353</idno>
<date when="2009">2009</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D38</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D38</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Psychological Impact of the SARS Epidemic on Hospital Employees in China: Exposure, Risk Perception, and Altruistic Acceptance of Risk</title>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, Ping" sort="Wu, Ping" uniqKey="Wu P" first="Ping" last="Wu">Ping Wu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Associate Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fang, Yunyun" sort="Fang, Yunyun" uniqKey="Fang Y" first="Yunyun" last="Fang">Yunyun Fang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Professor, School of Health Administration, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Zhiqiang" sort="Guan, Zhiqiang" uniqKey="Guan Z" first="Zhiqiang" last="Guan">Zhiqiang Guan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Director, Office of Health Insurance, National Institute For Social Insurance, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fan, Bin" sort="Fan, Bin" uniqKey="Fan B" first="Bin" last="Fan">Bin Fan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Research Scientist, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kong, Junhui" sort="Kong, Junhui" uniqKey="Kong J" first="Junhui" last="Kong">Junhui Kong</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Professor, School of Health Administration, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yao, Zhongling" sort="Yao, Zhongling" uniqKey="Yao Z" first="Zhongling" last="Yao">Zhongling Yao</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Director, Medical Insurance Office, Peking University First School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Liu, Xinhua" sort="Liu, Xinhua" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xinhua" last="Liu">Xinhua Liu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fuller, Cordelia J" sort="Fuller, Cordelia J" uniqKey="Fuller C" first="Cordelia J" last="Fuller">Cordelia J. Fuller</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Research Scientist, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Susser, Ezra" sort="Susser, Ezra" uniqKey="Susser E" first="Ezra" last="Susser">Ezra Susser</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Chair, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York; Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lu, Jin" sort="Lu, Jin" uniqKey="Lu J" first="Jin" last="Lu">Jin Lu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Assistant Director, Office of Human Resources, Peking University First School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoven, Christina W" sort="Hoven, Christina W" uniqKey="Hoven C" first="Christina W" last="Hoven">Christina W. Hoven</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Associate Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0706-7437</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1497-0015</idno>
<imprint><date when="2009">2009</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title>
<p id="P1">We examined the psychological impact of the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) on hospital employees in Beijing, China.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">In 2006, randomly selected employees (<italic>n</italic>
= 549) of a hospital in Beijing were surveyed concerning their exposure to the 2003 SARS outbreak, and the ways in which the outbreak had affected their mental health.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">About 10% of the respondents had experienced high levels of posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms since the SARS outbreak. Respondents who had been quarantined, or worked in high-risk locations such as SARS wards, or had friends or close relatives who contracted SARS, were 2 to 3 times more likely to have high PTS symptom levels, than those without these exposures. Respondents’ perceptions of SARS-related risks were significantly positively associated with PTS symptom levels and partially mediated the effects of exposure. Altruistic acceptance of work-related risks was negatively related to PTS levels.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="P4">The psychological impact of stressful events related to an infectious disease outbreak may be mediated by peoples’ perceptions of those events; altruism may help to protect some health care workers against these negative impacts.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">7904187</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">2768</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Can J Psychiatry</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Can J Psychiatry</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0706-7437</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1497-0015</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">19497162</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3780353</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS506004</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>The Psychological Impact of the SARS Epidemic on Hospital Employees in China: Exposure, Risk Perception, and Altruistic Acceptance of Risk</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wu</surname>
<given-names>Ping</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>PhD</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fang</surname>
<given-names>Yunyun</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MPA</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Guan</surname>
<given-names>Zhiqiang</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fan</surname>
<given-names>Bin</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kong</surname>
<given-names>Junhui</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yao</surname>
<given-names>Zhongling</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Xinhua</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>PhD</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">6</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fuller</surname>
<given-names>Cordelia J</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MA</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Susser</surname>
<given-names>Ezra</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MD, DrPH</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">7</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lu</surname>
<given-names>Jin</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MBA</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">8</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hoven</surname>
<given-names>Christina W</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>DrPH</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>1</label>
Associate Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>2</label>
Professor, School of Health Administration, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China</aff>
<aff id="A3"><label>3</label>
Director, Office of Health Insurance, National Institute For Social Insurance, Beijing, China</aff>
<aff id="A4"><label>4</label>
Research Scientist, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York</aff>
<aff id="A5"><label>5</label>
Director, Medical Insurance Office, Peking University First School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China</aff>
<aff id="A6"><label>6</label>
Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, New York</aff>
<aff id="A7"><label>7</label>
Chair, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York; Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York</aff>
<aff id="A8"><label>8</label>
Assistant Director, Office of Human Resources, Peking University First School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Address for correspondence: Dr P Wu, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 43, New York, NY 10032; <email>pw11@columbia.edu</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>6</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>5</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>23</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<issue>5</issue>
<fpage>302</fpage>
<lpage>311</lpage>
<abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title>
<p id="P1">We examined the psychological impact of the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) on hospital employees in Beijing, China.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">In 2006, randomly selected employees (<italic>n</italic>
= 549) of a hospital in Beijing were surveyed concerning their exposure to the 2003 SARS outbreak, and the ways in which the outbreak had affected their mental health.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">About 10% of the respondents had experienced high levels of posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms since the SARS outbreak. Respondents who had been quarantined, or worked in high-risk locations such as SARS wards, or had friends or close relatives who contracted SARS, were 2 to 3 times more likely to have high PTS symptom levels, than those without these exposures. Respondents’ perceptions of SARS-related risks were significantly positively associated with PTS symptom levels and partially mediated the effects of exposure. Altruistic acceptance of work-related risks was negatively related to PTS levels.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="P4">The psychological impact of stressful events related to an infectious disease outbreak may be mediated by peoples’ perceptions of those events; altruism may help to protect some health care workers against these negative impacts.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>severe acute respiratory syndrome</kwd>
<kwd>health care workers</kwd>
<kwd>posttraumatic stress</kwd>
<kwd>infectious disease outbreak</kwd>
<kwd>China</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute on Drug Abuse : NIDA</funding-source>
<award-id>R01 DA023091 || DA</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute on Drug Abuse : NIDA</funding-source>
<award-id>R01 DA016894 || DA</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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