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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Genomic Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus in European Bats and Classification of Coronaviruses Based on Partial RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Gene Sequences<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">▿</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">†</xref> </title><author><name sortKey="Drexler, Jan Felix" sort="Drexler, Jan Felix" uniqKey="Drexler J" first="Jan Felix" last="Drexler">Jan Felix Drexler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gloza Rausch, Florian" sort="Gloza Rausch, Florian" uniqKey="Gloza Rausch F" first="Florian" last="Gloza-Rausch">Florian Gloza-Rausch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glende, Jorg" sort="Glende, Jorg" uniqKey="Glende J" first="Jörg" last="Glende">Jörg Glende</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Victor Max" sort="Corman, Victor Max" uniqKey="Corman V" first="Victor Max" last="Corman">Victor Max Corman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, Doreen" sort="Muth, Doreen" uniqKey="Muth D" first="Doreen" last="Muth">Doreen Muth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goettsche, Matthias" sort="Goettsche, Matthias" uniqKey="Goettsche M" first="Matthias" last="Goettsche">Matthias Goettsche</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seebens, Antje" sort="Seebens, Antje" uniqKey="Seebens A" first="Antje" last="Seebens">Antje Seebens</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Niedrig, Matthias" sort="Niedrig, Matthias" uniqKey="Niedrig M" first="Matthias" last="Niedrig">Matthias Niedrig</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfefferle, Susanne" sort="Pfefferle, Susanne" uniqKey="Pfefferle S" first="Susanne" last="Pfefferle">Susanne Pfefferle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yordanov, Stoian" sort="Yordanov, Stoian" uniqKey="Yordanov S" first="Stoian" last="Yordanov">Stoian Yordanov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhelyazkov, Lyubomir" sort="Zhelyazkov, Lyubomir" uniqKey="Zhelyazkov L" first="Lyubomir" last="Zhelyazkov">Lyubomir Zhelyazkov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hermanns, Uwe" sort="Hermanns, Uwe" uniqKey="Hermanns U" first="Uwe" last="Hermanns">Uwe Hermanns</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vallo, Peter" sort="Vallo, Peter" uniqKey="Vallo P" first="Peter" last="Vallo">Peter Vallo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lukashev, Alexander" sort="Lukashev, Alexander" uniqKey="Lukashev A" first="Alexander" last="Lukashev">Alexander Lukashev</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Marcel Alexander" sort="Muller, Marcel Alexander" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Marcel Alexander" last="Müller">Marcel Alexander Müller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, Hongkui" sort="Deng, Hongkui" uniqKey="Deng H" first="Hongkui" last="Deng">Hongkui Deng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herrler, Georg" sort="Herrler, Georg" uniqKey="Herrler G" first="Georg" last="Herrler">Georg Herrler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">20686038</idno><idno type="pmc">2953168</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953168</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2953168</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/JVI.00650-10</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D00</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D00</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Genomic Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus in European Bats and Classification of Coronaviruses Based on Partial RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Gene Sequences<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">▿</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">†</xref> </title><author><name sortKey="Drexler, Jan Felix" sort="Drexler, Jan Felix" uniqKey="Drexler J" first="Jan Felix" last="Drexler">Jan Felix Drexler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gloza Rausch, Florian" sort="Gloza Rausch, Florian" uniqKey="Gloza Rausch F" first="Florian" last="Gloza-Rausch">Florian Gloza-Rausch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glende, Jorg" sort="Glende, Jorg" uniqKey="Glende J" first="Jörg" last="Glende">Jörg Glende</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Victor Max" sort="Corman, Victor Max" uniqKey="Corman V" first="Victor Max" last="Corman">Victor Max Corman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, Doreen" sort="Muth, Doreen" uniqKey="Muth D" first="Doreen" last="Muth">Doreen Muth</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goettsche, Matthias" sort="Goettsche, Matthias" uniqKey="Goettsche M" first="Matthias" last="Goettsche">Matthias Goettsche</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seebens, Antje" sort="Seebens, Antje" uniqKey="Seebens A" first="Antje" last="Seebens">Antje Seebens</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Niedrig, Matthias" sort="Niedrig, Matthias" uniqKey="Niedrig M" first="Matthias" last="Niedrig">Matthias Niedrig</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfefferle, Susanne" sort="Pfefferle, Susanne" uniqKey="Pfefferle S" first="Susanne" last="Pfefferle">Susanne Pfefferle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yordanov, Stoian" sort="Yordanov, Stoian" uniqKey="Yordanov S" first="Stoian" last="Yordanov">Stoian Yordanov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhelyazkov, Lyubomir" sort="Zhelyazkov, Lyubomir" uniqKey="Zhelyazkov L" first="Lyubomir" last="Zhelyazkov">Lyubomir Zhelyazkov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hermanns, Uwe" sort="Hermanns, Uwe" uniqKey="Hermanns U" first="Uwe" last="Hermanns">Uwe Hermanns</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vallo, Peter" sort="Vallo, Peter" uniqKey="Vallo P" first="Peter" last="Vallo">Peter Vallo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lukashev, Alexander" sort="Lukashev, Alexander" uniqKey="Lukashev A" first="Alexander" last="Lukashev">Alexander Lukashev</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muller, Marcel Alexander" sort="Muller, Marcel Alexander" uniqKey="Muller M" first="Marcel Alexander" last="Müller">Marcel Alexander Müller</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, Hongkui" sort="Deng, Hongkui" uniqKey="Deng H" first="Hongkui" last="Deng">Hongkui Deng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herrler, Georg" sort="Herrler, Georg" uniqKey="Herrler G" first="Georg" last="Herrler">Georg Herrler</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Drosten, Christian" sort="Drosten, Christian" uniqKey="Drosten C" first="Christian" last="Drosten">Christian Drosten</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Virology</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-538X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-5514</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Bats may host emerging viruses, including coronaviruses (CoV). We conducted an evaluation of CoV in rhinolophid and vespertilionid bat species common in Europe. Rhinolophids carried severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-related CoV at high frequencies and concentrations (26% of animals are positive; up to 2.4 × 10<sup>8</sup> copies per gram of feces), as well as two <italic>Alphacoronavirus</italic> clades, one novel and one related to the HKU2 clade. All three clades present in <italic>Miniopterus</italic> bats in China (HKU7, HKU8, and 1A related) were also present in European <italic>Miniopterus</italic> bats. An additional novel <italic>Alphacoronavirus</italic> clade (bat CoV [BtCoV]/BNM98-30) was detected in <italic>Nyctalus leisleri</italic>. A CoV grouping criterion was developed by comparing amino acid identities across an 816-bp fragment of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) of all accepted mammalian CoV species (RdRp-based grouping units [RGU]). Criteria for defining separate RGU in mammalian CoV were a >4.8% amino acid distance for alphacoronaviruses and a >6.3% distance for betacoronaviruses. All the above-mentioned novel clades represented independent RGU. Strict associations between CoV RGU and host bat genera were confirmed for six independent RGU represented simultaneously in China and Europe. A SARS-related virus (BtCoV/BM48-31/Bulgaria/2008) from a <italic>Rhinolophus blasii</italic> (Rhi bla) bat was fully sequenced. It is predicted that proteins 3b and 6 were highly divergent from those proteins in all known SARS-related CoV. Open reading frame 8 (ORF8) was surprisingly absent. Surface expression of spike and staining with sera of SARS survivors suggested low antigenic overlap with SARS CoV. However, the receptor binding domain of SARS CoV showed higher similarity with that of BtCoV/BM48-31/Bulgaria/2008 than with that of any Chinese bat-borne CoV. Critical spike domains 472 and 487 were identical and similar, respectively. This study underlines the importance of assessments of the zoonotic potential of widely distributed bat-borne CoV.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Virol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jvirol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Virology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-538X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-5514</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology (ASM)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20686038</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2953168</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">0650-10</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/JVI.00650-10</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Genetic Diversity and Evolution</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Genomic Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus in European Bats and Classification of Coronaviruses Based on Partial RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Gene Sequences<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">▿</xref> <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">†</xref> </article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Drexler</surname><given-names>Jan Felix</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gloza-Rausch</surname><given-names>Florian</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Glende</surname><given-names>Jörg</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Corman</surname><given-names>Victor Max</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Muth</surname><given-names>Doreen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Goettsche</surname><given-names>Matthias</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Seebens</surname><given-names>Antje</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Niedrig</surname><given-names>Matthias</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pfefferle</surname><given-names>Susanne</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yordanov</surname><given-names>Stoian</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhelyazkov</surname><given-names>Lyubomir</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hermanns</surname><given-names>Uwe</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vallo</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lukashev</surname><given-names>Alexander</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Müller</surname><given-names>Marcel Alexander</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Deng</surname><given-names>Hongkui</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">10</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Herrler</surname><given-names>Georg</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Drosten</surname><given-names>Christian</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany,<label>1</label> Noctalis, Centre for Bat Protection and Information, Bad Segeberg, Germany,<label>2</label> Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany,<label>3</label> Zoological Institute, Department of Ecology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany,<label>4</label> Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany,<label>5</label> Forestry Board Directorate of Strandja Natural Park, Malko Tarnovo, Bulgaria,<label>6</label> Bat Conservation and Research Group Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rostock, Germany,<label>7</label> Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic,<label>8</label> Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow, Russia,<label>9</label> Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China<label>10</label></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, 53127 Bonn, Germany. Phone: 49-228-287-11055. Fax: 49-228-287-19144. E-mail: <email>drosten@virology-bonn.de</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>4</day><month>8</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>84</volume><issue>21</issue><fpage>11336</fpage><lpage>11349</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>26</day><month>3</month><year>2010</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>27</day><month>7</month><year>2010</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:href="zjv02110011336.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Bats may host emerging viruses, including coronaviruses (CoV). We conducted an evaluation of CoV in rhinolophid and vespertilionid bat species common in Europe. Rhinolophids carried severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-related CoV at high frequencies and concentrations (26% of animals are positive; up to 2.4 × 10<sup>8</sup> copies per gram of feces), as well as two <italic>Alphacoronavirus</italic> clades, one novel and one related to the HKU2 clade. All three clades present in <italic>Miniopterus</italic> bats in China (HKU7, HKU8, and 1A related) were also present in European <italic>Miniopterus</italic> bats. An additional novel <italic>Alphacoronavirus</italic> clade (bat CoV [BtCoV]/BNM98-30) was detected in <italic>Nyctalus leisleri</italic>. A CoV grouping criterion was developed by comparing amino acid identities across an 816-bp fragment of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) of all accepted mammalian CoV species (RdRp-based grouping units [RGU]). Criteria for defining separate RGU in mammalian CoV were a >4.8% amino acid distance for alphacoronaviruses and a >6.3% distance for betacoronaviruses. All the above-mentioned novel clades represented independent RGU. Strict associations between CoV RGU and host bat genera were confirmed for six independent RGU represented simultaneously in China and Europe. A SARS-related virus (BtCoV/BM48-31/Bulgaria/2008) from a <italic>Rhinolophus blasii</italic> (Rhi bla) bat was fully sequenced. It is predicted that proteins 3b and 6 were highly divergent from those proteins in all known SARS-related CoV. Open reading frame 8 (ORF8) was surprisingly absent. Surface expression of spike and staining with sera of SARS survivors suggested low antigenic overlap with SARS CoV. However, the receptor binding domain of SARS CoV showed higher similarity with that of BtCoV/BM48-31/Bulgaria/2008 than with that of any Chinese bat-borne CoV. Critical spike domains 472 and 487 were identical and similar, respectively. This study underlines the importance of assessments of the zoonotic potential of widely distributed bat-borne CoV.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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