Novel Alphacoronaviruses and Paramyxoviruses Cocirculate with Type 1 and Severe Acute Respiratory System (SARS)-Related Betacoronaviruses in Synanthropic Bats of Luxembourg
Identifieur interne : 000C41 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000C40; suivant : 000C42Novel Alphacoronaviruses and Paramyxoviruses Cocirculate with Type 1 and Severe Acute Respiratory System (SARS)-Related Betacoronaviruses in Synanthropic Bats of Luxembourg
Auteurs : Maude Pauly ; Jacques B. Pir ; Catherine Loesch ; Aurélie Sausy ; Chantal J. Snoeck ; Judith M. Hübschen ; Claude P. MullerSource :
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology [ 0099-2240 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Several infectious disease outbreaks with high mortality in humans have been attributed to viruses that are thought to have evolved from bat viruses. In this study from Luxembourg, the genetic diversity and epidemiology of paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses shed by the bat species
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DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01326-17
PubMed: 28710271
PubMed Central: 5583486
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<author><name sortKey="Pauly, Maude" sort="Pauly, Maude" uniqKey="Pauly M" first="Maude" last="Pauly">Maude Pauly</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Pir, Jacques B" sort="Pir, Jacques B" uniqKey="Pir J" first="Jacques B." last="Pir">Jacques B. Pir</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Section Zoologie des Vertébrés, Centre de Recherche Scientifique, Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, Luxembourg, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Loesch, Catherine" sort="Loesch, Catherine" uniqKey="Loesch C" first="Catherine" last="Loesch">Catherine Loesch</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Sausy, Aurelie" sort="Sausy, Aurelie" uniqKey="Sausy A" first="Aurélie" last="Sausy">Aurélie Sausy</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Snoeck, Chantal J" sort="Snoeck, Chantal J" uniqKey="Snoeck C" first="Chantal J." last="Snoeck">Chantal J. Snoeck</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hubschen, Judith M" sort="Hubschen, Judith M" uniqKey="Hubschen J" first="Judith M." last="Hübschen">Judith M. Hübschen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Muller, Claude P" sort="Muller, Claude P" uniqKey="Muller C" first="Claude P." last="Muller">Claude P. Muller</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Novel Alphacoronaviruses and Paramyxoviruses Cocirculate with Type 1 and Severe Acute Respiratory System (SARS)-Related Betacoronaviruses in Synanthropic Bats of Luxembourg</title>
<author><name sortKey="Pauly, Maude" sort="Pauly, Maude" uniqKey="Pauly M" first="Maude" last="Pauly">Maude Pauly</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pir, Jacques B" sort="Pir, Jacques B" uniqKey="Pir J" first="Jacques B." last="Pir">Jacques B. Pir</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff2">Section Zoologie des Vertébrés, Centre de Recherche Scientifique, Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, Luxembourg, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Loesch, Catherine" sort="Loesch, Catherine" uniqKey="Loesch C" first="Catherine" last="Loesch">Catherine Loesch</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sausy, Aurelie" sort="Sausy, Aurelie" uniqKey="Sausy A" first="Aurélie" last="Sausy">Aurélie Sausy</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Snoeck, Chantal J" sort="Snoeck, Chantal J" uniqKey="Snoeck C" first="Chantal J." last="Snoeck">Chantal J. Snoeck</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hubschen, Judith M" sort="Hubschen, Judith M" uniqKey="Hubschen J" first="Judith M." last="Hübschen">Judith M. Hübschen</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Muller, Claude P" sort="Muller, Claude P" uniqKey="Muller C" first="Claude P." last="Muller">Claude P. Muller</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0099-2240</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1098-5336</idno>
<imprint><date when="2017">2017</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>Several infectious disease outbreaks with high mortality in humans have been attributed to viruses that are thought to have evolved from bat viruses. In this study from Luxembourg, the genetic diversity and epidemiology of paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses shed by the bat species <named-content content-type="genus-species">Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</named-content>
and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
were evaluated. Feces collection (<italic>n</italic>
= 624) was performed longitudinally in a mixed-species colony in 2015 and 2016. In addition, feces (<italic>n</italic>
= 254) were collected cross-sectionally from six <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
colonies in 2016. By use of degenerate primers in a nested format, overall prevalences of 1.1% (10/878) and 4.9% (43/878) were determined for paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses. Sequences of the partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and spike glycoprotein genes of coronaviruses, as well as sequences of the partial L gene of paramyxoviruses, were obtained. Novel paramyxovirus and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Alphacoronavirus</named-content>
strains were identified in different <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
colonies, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-related <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus</named-content>
strains were shed by <named-content content-type="genus-species">Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</named-content>
. Logistic regression revealed that the level of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Alphacoronavirus</named-content>
shedding was highest in July (odds ratio, 2.8; <italic>P</italic>
< 0.01), probably due to periparturient stress. Phylogenetic analyses point to close virus-host coevolution, and the high genetic similarity of the study strains suggests that the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
colonies in Luxembourg are socially connected. Most interestingly, we show that bats also host <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus</named-content>
<italic>1</italic>
strains. The high similarity of the spike gene sequences of these viruses with mammalian <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus 1</named-content>
strains may be of concern. Both the SARS-related and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus 1</named-content>
strains detected in bats in Luxembourg may cross the species barrier after a host adaptation process.</p>
<p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold>
Bats are a natural reservoir of a number of zoonotic pathogens. Several severe outbreaks in humans (e.g., a Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia in 1998, and the almost global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome in 2003) have been caused by bat-borne viruses that were transmitted to humans mostly after virus adaptation (e.g., in intermediate animal hosts). Despite the indigenousness of bat species that host viruses with suspected zoonotic potential and despite the zoonotic transmission of European bat 1 lyssavirus in Luxembourg, knowledge about the diversity and epidemiology of bat viruses remains limited in this country. Moreover, in contrast to other European countries, bat viruses are currently not included in the national surveillance activities of this land-locked country. We suggest that this gap in disease surveillance should be addressed, since we show here that synanthropic bats host viruses that may be able to cross the species barrier.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Appl Environ Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Appl. Environ. Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">aem</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">aem</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AEM</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0099-2240</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1098-5336</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28710271</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5583486</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">01326-17</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/AEM.01326-17</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Public and Environmental Health Microbiology</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Novel Alphacoronaviruses and Paramyxoviruses Cocirculate with Type 1 and Severe Acute Respiratory System (SARS)-Related Betacoronaviruses in Synanthropic Bats of Luxembourg</article-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Viruses Circulating among Bats in Luxembourg</alt-title>
<alt-title alt-title-type="short-authors">Pauly et al.</alt-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Pauly</surname>
<given-names>Maude</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pir</surname>
<given-names>Jacques B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Loesch</surname>
<given-names>Catherine</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sausy</surname>
<given-names>Aurélie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Snoeck</surname>
<given-names>Chantal J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hübschen</surname>
<given-names>Judith M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Muller</surname>
<given-names>Claude P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>
Infectious Diseases Research Unit, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>
Section Zoologie des Vertébrés, Centre de Recherche Scientifique, Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle, Luxembourg, Luxembourg</aff>
</contrib-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Dudley</surname>
<given-names>Edward G.</given-names>
</name>
<role>Editor</role>
<aff>The Pennsylvania State University</aff>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to Maude Pauly, <email>maude.pauly@lih.lu</email>
.</corresp>
<fn fn-type="equal"><p>M.P. and J.B.P. contributed equally to this article.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="other"><p><bold>Citation</bold>
Pauly M, Pir JB, Loesch C, Sausy A, Snoeck CJ, Hübschen JM, Muller CP. 2017. Novel alphacoronaviruses and paramyxoviruses cocirculate with type 1 and severe acute respiratory system (SARS)-related betacoronaviruses in synanthropic bats of Luxembourg. Appl Environ Microbiol 83:e01326-17. <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01326-17">https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01326-17</ext-link>
.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epreprint"><day>14</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><day>15</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>83</volume>
<issue>18</issue>
<elocation-id>e01326-17</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>5</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder>
<license license-type="asm" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1128/ASMCopyrightv2"><license-p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1128/ASMCopyrightv2">All Rights Reserved</ext-link>
.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="zam018178050001.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>Several infectious disease outbreaks with high mortality in humans have been attributed to viruses that are thought to have evolved from bat viruses. In this study from Luxembourg, the genetic diversity and epidemiology of paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses shed by the bat species <named-content content-type="genus-species">Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</named-content>
and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
were evaluated. Feces collection (<italic>n</italic>
= 624) was performed longitudinally in a mixed-species colony in 2015 and 2016. In addition, feces (<italic>n</italic>
= 254) were collected cross-sectionally from six <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
colonies in 2016. By use of degenerate primers in a nested format, overall prevalences of 1.1% (10/878) and 4.9% (43/878) were determined for paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses. Sequences of the partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and spike glycoprotein genes of coronaviruses, as well as sequences of the partial L gene of paramyxoviruses, were obtained. Novel paramyxovirus and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Alphacoronavirus</named-content>
strains were identified in different <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
colonies, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-related <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus</named-content>
strains were shed by <named-content content-type="genus-species">Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</named-content>
. Logistic regression revealed that the level of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Alphacoronavirus</named-content>
shedding was highest in July (odds ratio, 2.8; <italic>P</italic>
< 0.01), probably due to periparturient stress. Phylogenetic analyses point to close virus-host coevolution, and the high genetic similarity of the study strains suggests that the <named-content content-type="genus-species">Myotis emarginatus</named-content>
colonies in Luxembourg are socially connected. Most interestingly, we show that bats also host <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus</named-content>
<italic>1</italic>
strains. The high similarity of the spike gene sequences of these viruses with mammalian <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus 1</named-content>
strains may be of concern. Both the SARS-related and <named-content content-type="genus-species">Betacoronavirus 1</named-content>
strains detected in bats in Luxembourg may cross the species barrier after a host adaptation process.</p>
<p><bold>IMPORTANCE</bold>
Bats are a natural reservoir of a number of zoonotic pathogens. Several severe outbreaks in humans (e.g., a Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia in 1998, and the almost global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome in 2003) have been caused by bat-borne viruses that were transmitted to humans mostly after virus adaptation (e.g., in intermediate animal hosts). Despite the indigenousness of bat species that host viruses with suspected zoonotic potential and despite the zoonotic transmission of European bat 1 lyssavirus in Luxembourg, knowledge about the diversity and epidemiology of bat viruses remains limited in this country. Moreover, in contrast to other European countries, bat viruses are currently not included in the national surveillance activities of this land-locked country. We suggest that this gap in disease surveillance should be addressed, since we show here that synanthropic bats host viruses that may be able to cross the species barrier.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>KEYWORDS</title>
<kwd>Chiroptera</kwd>
<kwd>Luxembourg</kwd>
<kwd>coronavirus</kwd>
<kwd>molecular epidemiology</kwd>
<kwd>paramyxovirus</kwd>
<kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd>
<kwd>surveillance studies</kwd>
<kwd>virology</kwd>
<kwd>zoonotic infections</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group><award-group id="award1"><funding-source id="gs1">Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Luxembourg</funding-source>
<principal-award-recipient>Claude P. Muller</principal-award-recipient>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<counts><count count="1" count-type="supplementary-material"></count>
<fig-count count="4"></fig-count>
<table-count count="2"></table-count>
<equation-count count="0"></equation-count>
<ref-count count="86"></ref-count>
<page-count count="14"></page-count>
<word-count count="9150"></word-count>
</counts>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>cover-date</meta-name>
<meta-value>September 2017</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
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