Reply to “Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line”: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan from a single center
Identifieur interne : 000B05 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000B04; suivant : 000B06Reply to “Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line”: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan from a single center
Auteurs : Huimin Sun ; Mengxin Lu ; Song Chen ; Zhenshun Cheng ; Yong Xiong ; Xinghuan WangSource :
- The Journal of Infection [ 0163-4453 ] ; 2020.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.036
PubMed: 32283150
PubMed Central: 7151280
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Reply to “Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line”: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan from a single center</title><author><name sortKey="Sun, Huimin" sort="Sun, Huimin" uniqKey="Sun H" first="Huimin" last="Sun">Huimin Sun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Department of Nursing, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Mengxin" sort="Lu, Mengxin" uniqKey="Lu M" first="Mengxin" last="Lu">Mengxin Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0002">Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Song" sort="Chen, Song" uniqKey="Chen S" first="Song" last="Chen">Song Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0002">Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Zhenshun" sort="Cheng, Zhenshun" uniqKey="Cheng Z" first="Zhenshun" last="Cheng">Zhenshun Cheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0003">Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiong, Yong" sort="Xiong, Yong" uniqKey="Xiong Y" first="Yong" last="Xiong">Yong Xiong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0004">Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Xinghuan" sort="Wang, Xinghuan" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xinghuan" last="Wang">Xinghuan Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">32283150</idno><idno type="pmc">7151280</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7151280</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7151280</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.036</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000B05</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000B05</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Reply to “Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line”: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan from a single center</title><author><name sortKey="Sun, Huimin" sort="Sun, Huimin" uniqKey="Sun H" first="Huimin" last="Sun">Huimin Sun</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0001">Department of Nursing, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Mengxin" sort="Lu, Mengxin" uniqKey="Lu M" first="Mengxin" last="Lu">Mengxin Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0002">Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Song" sort="Chen, Song" uniqKey="Chen S" first="Song" last="Chen">Song Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0002">Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Zhenshun" sort="Cheng, Zhenshun" uniqKey="Cheng Z" first="Zhenshun" last="Cheng">Zhenshun Cheng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0003">Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiong, Yong" sort="Xiong, Yong" uniqKey="Xiong Y" first="Yong" last="Xiong">Yong Xiong</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0004">Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Xinghuan" sort="Wang, Xinghuan" uniqKey="Wang X" first="Xinghuan" last="Wang">Xinghuan Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff0005">Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of Infection</title><idno type="ISSN">0163-4453</idno><idno type="eISSN">1532-2742</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Han, Q" uniqKey="Han Q">Q. Han</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Q" uniqKey="Lin Q">Q. Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jin, S" uniqKey="Jin S">S. Jin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, Q" uniqKey="Li Q">Q. Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guan, X" uniqKey="Guan X">X. Guan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, P" uniqKey="Wu P">P. Wu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, H" uniqKey="Chen H">H. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guo, J" uniqKey="Guo J">J. Guo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, C" uniqKey="Wang C">C. Wang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, D" uniqKey="Wang D">D. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, B" uniqKey="Hu B">B. Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, C" uniqKey="Hu C">C. Hu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="letter"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Infect</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Infect</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The Journal of Infection</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0163-4453</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1532-2742</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">32283150</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7151280</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0163-4453(20)30163-8</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.036</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Reply to “Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line”: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan from a single center</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0001"><name><surname>Sun</surname><given-names>Huimin</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0001" ref-type="aff">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0002"><name><surname>Lu</surname><given-names>Mengxin</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0002" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0003"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Song</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0002" ref-type="aff">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0004"><name><surname>Cheng</surname><given-names>Zhenshun</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0003" ref-type="aff">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0005"><name><surname>Xiong</surname><given-names>Yong</given-names></name><xref rid="aff0004" ref-type="aff">d</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" id="au0006"><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Xinghuan</given-names></name><email>wangxinghuan@whu.edu.cn</email><xref rid="aff0005" ref-type="aff">e</xref><xref rid="cor0001" ref-type="corresp">⁎</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff0001"><label>a</label>Department of Nursing, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China</aff><aff id="aff0002"><label>b</label>Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</aff><aff id="aff0003"><label>c</label>Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</aff><aff id="aff0004"><label>d</label>Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</aff><aff id="aff0005"><label>e</label>Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor0001"><label>⁎</label>Corresponding author: Dr. Xinghuan Wang. Tel. +86-27-6781-3104. <email>wangxinghuan@whu.edu.cn</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 0 months and 0 days and was based on .</pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><history><date date-type="accepted"><day>22</day><month>3</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2020 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Elsevier Ltd</copyright-holder><license><license-p>Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.</license-p></license></permissions></article-meta></front><body><p content-type="salutation"><italic>Dear Editor,</italic></p><p id="para0002">We read with great interest the brief perspective of COVID-19 by Han <italic>et al</italic>.<xref rid="bib0001" ref-type="bibr"><sup>1</sup></xref> As mentioned in their article, a highly infective disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 is spreading around the world.<xref rid="bib0002" ref-type="bibr"><sup>2</sup></xref> And 1716 medical staff in China have been infected and 6 of them died from COVID-19 up to Feb. 11, 2020. The infection of medical staff has attracted worldwide attention. Most of them are nosocomial infection, however, the cause and route of the infection are not entirely clear.</p><p id="para0003">Among medical staff, the contact between nurses and patients is most closely. Here we retrospective reviewed 32 nurses infected by SARS-CoV-2 from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, one of the largest local hospital which admitted a large number of COVID-19 patients.<xref rid="bib0003" ref-type="bibr"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref rid="bib0004" ref-type="bibr"><sup>4</sup></xref></p><p id="para0004">The infected nurses were from 18 departments, among which the Departments of Emergency Medicine and Comprehensive Medical Care were the most infected, followed by Urology and Orthopedics. 65.6% (21/32) was from nosocomial infection, 15.6% (5/32) was infected outside the hospital, 18.8% (6/32) was unknown way for spreading infection. Among nosocomial infected nurses, 85.7% (18/21) had direct contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients without effective isolation measures, while 14.3% (3/21) of them were infected by contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients under the strict isolation conditions (<xref rid="tbl0001" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>). The first infected nurse was diagnosed on Jan. 12, 2020. After Jan. 23, the number of infected nurses increased significantly, which was consistent with the national infection trend.<table-wrap position="float" id="tbl0001"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University.</p></caption><alt-text id="alt0001">Table 1</alt-text><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top">Variables</th><th valign="top">Case (n)</th><th valign="top">%</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top"><bold>Gender</bold></td><td valign="top"></td><td valign="top"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Male</td><td valign="top">4</td><td valign="top">12.5</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Female</td><td valign="top">28</td><td valign="top">87.5</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><bold>Age/years</bold></td><td valign="top"></td><td valign="top"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Average/Median (Range)</td><td valign="top">33.8±7.3/32</td><td valign="top"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top">22-56</td><td valign="top"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top">≤30</td><td valign="top">13</td><td valign="top">40.6</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">>30</td><td valign="top">19</td><td valign="top">50.4</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><bold>Department</bold></td><td valign="top"></td><td valign="top"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Emergency Medicine</td><td valign="top">8</td><td valign="top">25.0</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Comprehensive Medical Care</td><td valign="top">4</td><td valign="top">12.5</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Urology</td><td valign="top">3</td><td valign="top">9.4</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Orthopedics</td><td valign="top">3</td><td valign="top">9.4</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Others</td><td valign="top">14</td><td valign="top">43.8</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><bold>Infection route</bold></td><td valign="top"></td><td valign="top"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><bold>Nosocomial infection</bold></td><td valign="top">21</td><td valign="top">65.6</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><italic>With isolation measures</italic></td><td valign="top">3</td><td valign="top">9.4</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><italic>Without isolation measures</italic></td><td valign="top">18</td><td valign="top">56.3</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Out of hospital infection</td><td valign="top">5</td><td valign="top">15.6</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">Unclear</td><td valign="top">6</td><td valign="top">18.9</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></p><p id="para0005">By following up the infected nurses, we analyzed the main causes of nosocomial infection to further avoid the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection as following:<list list-type="simple" id="celist0001"><list-item id="celistitem0001"><label>1</label><p id="para0006">In the early stage of the epidemic, the early exposure was caused by the inadequate protective equipment, which accounts for 56.3% (18/32) of infections.</p></list-item><list-item id="celistitem0002"><label>2</label><p id="para0007">Cross infection in the living area without protection, we note that there were infected patients in most of their departments (4/6) among the nurses with unknown causes of infection, although they did not care directly for infected patients.</p></list-item><list-item id="celistitem0003"><label>3</label><p id="para0008">Nurses’ high-intensity work may lead to decrease of resistance.</p></list-item></list></p><p id="para0009">In this regard, the Department of Nursing at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University has taken some measures and successfully reduced the risk of infection among nurses:<list list-type="simple" id="celist0002"><list-item id="celistitem0004"><label>1</label><p id="para0010">To formulate nursing guidelines for three areas and two channels in general wards, strengthen management of medical waste, and prevent pollution during handover or transportation of medical waste.</p></list-item><list-item id="celistitem0005"><label>2</label><p id="para0011">To standardize the flow of medical personnel entering and leaving the isolation ward and strengthen the training of nurses in and out of isolation clothes / protective clothing. Strengthen the self-protection consciousness of nurses and reduce the time of not wearing masks in living areas.</p></list-item><list-item id="celistitem0006"><label>3</label><p id="para0012">In the isolation area, the allocation of nurses should be increased, and the shift should be carried out step by step, so as to reduce the workload of nurses and the exposure time.</p></list-item><list-item id="celistitem0007"><label>4</label><p id="para0013">Change the dining environment of nurses, avoid pushing, and try to eat separately in the ventilated room.</p></list-item><list-item id="celistitem0008"><label>5</label><p id="para0014">Train the hospital cleaner and apply for free CT screening for the fixed outsourcing personnel in the isolation ward.</p></list-item></list></p><sec id="sec0001"><title>Ethical Approval</title><p id="para0015">All the patients provided written informed consent. All study procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Ethics Review Committee.</p></sec><sec id="sec0002"><title>Authors’ contributions</title><p id="para0016">All authors collected the clinical data. HS, ML and SC drafted the manuscript. ZC, YX and XW revised the final manuscript.</p></sec><sec sec-type="COI-statement"><title>Declaration of Competing Interest</title><p id="para0017">The authors have nothing to disclose.</p></sec></body><back><ref-list id="cebibl1"><title>References</title><ref id="bib0001"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0001"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Han</surname><given-names>Q.</given-names></name><name><surname>Lin</surname><given-names>Q.</given-names></name><name><surname>Jin</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line</article-title><source>J Infection</source><year>2020</year><comment>published online Feb 25</comment><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.010</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0002"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0002"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Li</surname><given-names>Q.</given-names></name><name><surname>Guan</surname><given-names>X.</given-names></name><name><surname>Wu</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia</article-title><source>N Engl J Med</source><year>2020</year><comment>published online Jan 29. DOI:</comment></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0003"><label>3</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0003"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><name><surname>Guo</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records</article-title><source>Lancet</source><year>2020</year><comment>published online Feb. 12</comment><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="bib0004"><label>4</label><element-citation publication-type="journal" id="sbref0004"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name><name><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name><name><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China</article-title><source>JAMA</source><year>2020</year><comment>published online Feb 7</comment></element-citation></ref></ref-list><ack id="ack0001"><title>Funding statement</title><p>This study was supported in part by grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC0845500) and Emergency Science and Technology Project (2020FCA008).</p></ack></back></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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