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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Recent progress in the discovery of inhibitors targeting coronavirus proteases</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Haofeng" sort="Wang, Haofeng" uniqKey="Wang H" first="Haofeng" last="Wang">Haofeng Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xue, Song" sort="Xue, Song" uniqKey="Xue S" first="Song" last="Xue">Song Xue</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Haitao" sort="Yang, Haitao" uniqKey="Yang H" first="Haitao" last="Yang">Haitao Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Cheng" sort="Chen, Cheng" uniqKey="Chen C" first="Cheng" last="Chen">Cheng Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26920707</idno><idno type="pmc">7090653</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090653</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7090653</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s12250-015-3711-3</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000579</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000579</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Recent progress in the discovery of inhibitors targeting coronavirus proteases</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Haofeng" sort="Wang, Haofeng" uniqKey="Wang H" first="Haofeng" last="Wang">Haofeng Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xue, Song" sort="Xue, Song" uniqKey="Xue S" first="Song" last="Xue">Song Xue</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Haitao" sort="Yang, Haitao" uniqKey="Yang H" first="Haitao" last="Yang">Haitao Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Cheng" sort="Chen, Cheng" uniqKey="Chen C" first="Cheng" last="Chen">Cheng Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Virologica Sinica</title><idno type="ISSN">1674-0769</idno><idno type="eISSN">1995-820X</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Coronaviruses (CoVs) can cause highly prevalent diseases in humans and animals. The fatal outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) highlights the threat posed by this unique virus subfamily. However, no specific drugs have been approved to treat CoV-associated diseases to date. The CoV proteases, which play pivotal roles in viral gene expression and replication through a highly complex cascade involving the proteolytic processing of replicase polyproteins, are attractive targets for drug design. This review summarizes the recent advances in biological and structural studies, together with the development of inhibitors targeting CoV proteases, particularly main proteases (M<sup>pro</sup>s), which could help develop effective treatments to prevent CoV infection.<graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="12250_2015_3711_Figa_HTML" id="d29e201"></graphic></p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adedeji, Ao" uniqKey="Adedeji A">AO Adedeji</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarafianos, Sg" uniqKey="Sarafianos S">SG Sarafianos</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Anand, K" uniqKey="Anand K">K Anand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ziebuhr, J" uniqKey="Ziebuhr J">J Ziebuhr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wadhwani, P" uniqKey="Wadhwani P">P Wadhwani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mesters, Jr" uniqKey="Mesters J">JR Mesters</name></author><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Virol Sin</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Virol Sin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Virologica Sinica</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1674-0769</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1995-820X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Springer Singapore</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Singapore</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26920707</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7090653</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3711</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s12250-015-3711-3</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Recent progress in the discovery of inhibitors targeting coronavirus proteases</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Haofeng</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Xue</surname><given-names>Song</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>Haitao</given-names></name><address><phone>+86-22-27403959</phone><fax>+86-22-27403902</fax><email>yanght@tju.edu.cn</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Chen</surname><given-names>Cheng</given-names></name><address><phone>+86-22-27403906</phone><fax>+86-22-27403902</fax><email>chengchen@tju.edu.cn</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.33763.32</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000417612484</institution-id><institution>School of Life Sciences,</institution><institution>Tianjin University,</institution></institution-wrap>Tianjin, 300072 China</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>2</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>2</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>22</day><month>1</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS and Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016</copyright-statement><license><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><p>Coronaviruses (CoVs) can cause highly prevalent diseases in humans and animals. The fatal outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) highlights the threat posed by this unique virus subfamily. However, no specific drugs have been approved to treat CoV-associated diseases to date. The CoV proteases, which play pivotal roles in viral gene expression and replication through a highly complex cascade involving the proteolytic processing of replicase polyproteins, are attractive targets for drug design. This review summarizes the recent advances in biological and structural studies, together with the development of inhibitors targeting CoV proteases, particularly main proteases (M<sup>pro</sup>s), which could help develop effective treatments to prevent CoV infection.<graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="12250_2015_3711_Figa_HTML" id="d29e201"></graphic></p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>coronaviruses</kwd><kwd>main protease</kwd><kwd>protease inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS and Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><back><fn-group><fn><p>ORCID: 0000-0002-1875-3268</p></fn><fn><p>ORCID: 0000-0002-2228-2489</p></fn></fn-group><ref-list id="Bib1"><title>References</title><ref id="CR1"><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group 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