Molecular Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Identifieur interne : 001097 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001096; suivant : 001098Molecular Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Auteurs :Source :
- Clinical Applications of PCR ; 2006.
Abstract
The etiologic agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been identified as a new type of coronavirus, known as SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Although the SARS epidemic has subsided, many authorities, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), have warned of the possible re-emergence of this highly infectious disease. Although antibody-based diagnosis of SARS has been demonstrated to be a reliable proof of SARS infection, it is not sensitive enough for detection during the early phase of the disease. To date, based on the publicly released full genomic sequences of SARS-CoV, various molecular detection methods based on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been developed. Although most of the assays have initially been focused on RNA extracted from nasopharyngeal aspirates, urine, and stools, several of the more recently developed assays have been based on the analysis of RNA extracted from plasma and serum. Such assays allow the more standardized quantitative expression of viral loads and are potentially useful for early SARS diagnosis. In this chapter, two real-time quantitative RT-PCR systems for the quantification of SARS-CoV RNA in serum are discussed. The two RT-PCR systems, one aimed toward the nucleocapsid region and the other toward the polymerase region of the virus genome, have a detection rate of up to 80% during the first week of illness. These quantitative systems are potentially useful for the early diagnosis of SARS and can also provide viral load information that might assist clinicians in making a prognostic evaluation of an infected individual.
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DOI: 10.1385/1-59745-074-X:163
PubMed: 16916262
PubMed Central: 7121026
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The etiologic agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been identified as a new type of coronavirus, known as SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Although the SARS epidemic has subsided, many authorities, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), have warned of the possible re-emergence of this highly infectious disease. Although antibody-based diagnosis of SARS has been demonstrated to be a reliable proof of SARS infection, it is not sensitive enough for detection during the early phase of the disease. To date, based on the publicly released full genomic sequences of SARS-CoV, various molecular detection methods based on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been developed. Although most of the assays have initially been focused on RNA extracted from nasopharyngeal aspirates, urine, and stools, several of the more recently developed assays have been based on the analysis of RNA extracted from plasma and serum. Such assays allow the more standardized quantitative expression of viral loads and are potentially useful for early SARS diagnosis. In this chapter, two real-time quantitative RT-PCR systems for the quantification of SARS-CoV RNA in serum are discussed. The two RT-PCR systems, one aimed toward the nucleocapsid region and the other toward the polymerase region of the virus genome, have a detection rate of up to 80% during the first week of illness. These quantitative systems are potentially useful for the early diagnosis of SARS and can also provide viral load information that might assist clinicians in making a prognostic evaluation of an infected individual.</p>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">978-1-59745-074-4</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.1385/159745074X</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Clinical Applications of PCR</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Clinical Applications of PCR</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<isbn publication-format="print">978-1-58829-348-0</isbn>
<isbn publication-format="electronic">978-1-59745-074-4</isbn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">16916262</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">7121026</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">15</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1385/1-59745-074-X:163</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Molecular Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group content-type="book editors"><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Lo</surname>
<given-names>Y. M. Dennis</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Chiu</surname>
<given-names>Rossa W. K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Chan</surname>
<given-names>K. C. Allen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.10784.3a</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1937 0482</institution-id>
<institution>Department of Chemical Pathology,</institution>
<institution>The Chinese University of Hong Kong,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Hong Kong SAR, China</aff>
</contrib-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ng</surname>
<given-names>Enders K. O.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lo</surname>
<given-names>Y. M. Dennis</given-names>
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</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2006</year>
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<volume>336</volume>
<fpage>163</fpage>
<lpage>175</lpage>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Humana Press Inc. 2006</copyright-statement>
<license><license-p>This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><p>The etiologic agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been identified as a new type of coronavirus, known as SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Although the SARS epidemic has subsided, many authorities, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), have warned of the possible re-emergence of this highly infectious disease. Although antibody-based diagnosis of SARS has been demonstrated to be a reliable proof of SARS infection, it is not sensitive enough for detection during the early phase of the disease. To date, based on the publicly released full genomic sequences of SARS-CoV, various molecular detection methods based on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been developed. Although most of the assays have initially been focused on RNA extracted from nasopharyngeal aspirates, urine, and stools, several of the more recently developed assays have been based on the analysis of RNA extracted from plasma and serum. Such assays allow the more standardized quantitative expression of viral loads and are potentially useful for early SARS diagnosis. In this chapter, two real-time quantitative RT-PCR systems for the quantification of SARS-CoV RNA in serum are discussed. The two RT-PCR systems, one aimed toward the nucleocapsid region and the other toward the polymerase region of the virus genome, have a detection rate of up to 80% during the first week of illness. These quantitative systems are potentially useful for the early diagnosis of SARS and can also provide viral load information that might assist clinicians in making a prognostic evaluation of an infected individual.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Key Words</title>
<kwd>Serum RNA</kwd>
<kwd>SARS-CoV RNA</kwd>
<kwd>viral RNA extraction</kwd>
<kwd>RNA quantification</kwd>
<kwd>real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© Humana Press 2006</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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