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Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Papain-Like Protease 1 Antagonizes Production of Interferon-β through Its Deubiquitinase Activity

Identifieur interne : 000573 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000572; suivant : 000574

Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Papain-Like Protease 1 Antagonizes Production of Interferon-β through Its Deubiquitinase Activity

Auteurs : Xiaoliang Hu [République populaire de Chine] ; Jin Tian [République populaire de Chine] ; Hongtao Kang [République populaire de Chine] ; Dongchun Guo [République populaire de Chine] ; Jiasen Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Dafei Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Qian Jiang [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhijie Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Juanjuan Qu [République populaire de Chine] ; Liandong Qu [République populaire de Chine]

Source :

RBID : PMC:5672592

Abstract

Coronaviruses (CoVs), such as human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV), murine hepatitis virus (MHV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), encode papain-like (PL) proteases that inhibit Sendai virus- (SeV-) induced interferon (IFN-β) production. Recently, the crystal structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) PL1 has been solved, which was similar to that of SARS-CoV PL2pro, which may antagonize host innate immunity. However, very little is known about whether TGEV PL1 can antagonize host innate immune response. Here, we presented evidence that TGEV PL1 encoded by the replicase gene could suppress the IFN-β expression and inhibit the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). The ability to antagonize IFN-β production was dependent on the intact catalytic activity of PL1. Furthermore, TGEV PL1 exerted deubiquitinase (DUB) activity which strongly inhibited the retinoic acid-induced gene I- (RIG-1-) and stimulator of interferon gene- (STING-) dependent IFN expression. Our data collectively suggest that TGEV PL1 can inhibit the IFN-β expression and interfere with RIG-1- and STING-mediated signaling through a viral DUB activity. Our study has yielded strong evidence for the TGEV PL1 mechanisms that counteract the host innate immunity.


Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2017/7089091
PubMed: 29201911
PubMed Central: 5672592


Affiliations:


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PMC:5672592

Le document en format XML

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<p>Coronaviruses (CoVs), such as human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV), murine hepatitis virus (MHV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), encode papain-like (PL) proteases that inhibit Sendai virus- (SeV-) induced interferon (IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
) production. Recently, the crystal structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) PL1 has been solved, which was similar to that of SARS-CoV PL2
<sup>pro</sup>
, which may antagonize host innate immunity. However, very little is known about whether TGEV PL1 can antagonize host innate immune response. Here, we presented evidence that TGEV PL1 encoded by the replicase gene could suppress the IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
expression and inhibit the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). The ability to antagonize IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
production was dependent on the intact catalytic activity of PL1. Furthermore, TGEV PL1 exerted deubiquitinase (DUB) activity which strongly inhibited the retinoic acid-induced gene I- (RIG-1-) and stimulator of interferon gene- (STING-) dependent IFN expression. Our data collectively suggest that TGEV PL1 can inhibit the IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
expression and interfere with RIG-1- and STING-mediated signaling through a viral DUB activity. Our study has yielded strong evidence for the TGEV PL1 mechanisms that counteract the host innate immunity.</p>
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</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Biomed Res Int</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BMRI</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>BioMed Research International</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2314-6133</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2314-6141</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Hindawi</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29201911</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5672592</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2017/7089091</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Papain-Like Protease 1 Antagonizes Production of Interferon-
<italic>β</italic>
through Its Deubiquitinase Activity</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-1195</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Hu</surname>
<given-names>Xiaoliang</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Tian</surname>
<given-names>Jin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kang</surname>
<given-names>Hongtao</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Guo</surname>
<given-names>Dongchun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Jiasen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Dafei</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Jiang</surname>
<given-names>Qian</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Zhijie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Qu</surname>
<given-names>Juanjuan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4427-6055</contrib-id>
<name>
<surname>Qu</surname>
<given-names>Liandong</given-names>
</name>
<email>qld@hvri.ac.cn</email>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1">
<sup>1</sup>
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China</aff>
<aff id="I2">
<sup>2</sup>
College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China</aff>
<author-notes>
<fn fn-type="other">
<p>Academic Editor: Yanjin Zhang</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>23</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2017</volume>
<elocation-id>7089091</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>23</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>14</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>24</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright © 2017 Xiaoliang Hu et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Coronaviruses (CoVs), such as human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV), murine hepatitis virus (MHV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), encode papain-like (PL) proteases that inhibit Sendai virus- (SeV-) induced interferon (IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
) production. Recently, the crystal structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) PL1 has been solved, which was similar to that of SARS-CoV PL2
<sup>pro</sup>
, which may antagonize host innate immunity. However, very little is known about whether TGEV PL1 can antagonize host innate immune response. Here, we presented evidence that TGEV PL1 encoded by the replicase gene could suppress the IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
expression and inhibit the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). The ability to antagonize IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
production was dependent on the intact catalytic activity of PL1. Furthermore, TGEV PL1 exerted deubiquitinase (DUB) activity which strongly inhibited the retinoic acid-induced gene I- (RIG-1-) and stimulator of interferon gene- (STING-) dependent IFN expression. Our data collectively suggest that TGEV PL1 can inhibit the IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
expression and interfere with RIG-1- and STING-mediated signaling through a viral DUB activity. Our study has yielded strong evidence for the TGEV PL1 mechanisms that counteract the host innate immunity.</p>
</abstract>
<funding-group>
<award-group>
<funding-source>National Key Technology Support Program</funding-source>
<award-id>2013BAK11B01-31</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group>
<funding-source>state of international science and technology cooperation projects</funding-source>
<award-id>2010DFB33620</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group>
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>3140220</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group>
<fig id="fig1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>TGEV PL1 inhibits SeV-induced expression of IFN-β-Luc in a dose-dependent manner.</italic>
(a) HEK-293T cells grown in 24-well plates were transfected with 1 
<italic>μ</italic>
g plasmid encoding Myc-TGEV PL1 or empty vector and infected with SeV 24 h later (100 hemagglutinating activity units/well). After 10 h infection, cells were lysed, and activities of IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
-Luc and pRL-TK reporters were determined according to the manufacturer's protocol. Myc-TGEV PL1 inhibits the activities of IRF3 (b), NF-
<italic>κ</italic>
B (c), and AP-1 (d). Luciferase activities were assayed as described for (a). Results represent the means and standard deviations of data from three independent experiments. (e) PK-15 cells grown in 12-well plates were transfected with 500 ng plasmid Flag-PL1 and empty vector and infected with SeV 24 h later. After 10 h infection, cell supernatants were collected and analyzed for IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
production by ELISA. (f) HEK-293T cells grown in 6-well plates were transfected with 2 
<italic>μ</italic>
g plasmid encoding Myc-TGEV PL1 or empty vector and infected with SeV 24 h later (100 hemagglutinating activity units/well). After 10 h infection, cells were lysated and detected by Western blot. (g) Immunofluorescence microscopy of HeLa cells expressing Flag-PL1 and IRF3-GFP. Cells were fixed 24 h after transfection and 10 h SeV infection, and Flag-tagged products were visualized using confocal microscopy. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.05).</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2017-7089091.001"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig2" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 2</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>Expression of TGEV PL1 inhibits STING-mediated activation of IFN-β-Luc in a dose-dependent manner.</italic>
(a) HEK293T cells were cotransfected with certain Flag-PL1, IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
-Luc, pRL-TK, and 500 ng Flag-STING or 500 ng empty vector. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.05). Proteins were assayed using Western blot with anti-Flag and GAPDH antibodies. (b) HEK293T cells were cotransfected with 500 ng STING and/or 500 ng TGEV PL1, and/or infected with SeV. Cell lysates were separated via SDS-PAGE and subjected to immunoblotting with the relevant antibodies.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2017-7089091.002"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig3" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 3</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>Effects of the TGEV PL1 catalytic mutants on expression of the IFN-β-Luc and localization of the protein.</italic>
(a) HEK293T cells were cotransfected with the 500 ng catalytic mutants C32A, H183A, and D196A, together with reporters of IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
-Luc and pRL-TK. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.05). (b, c, d, e) HEK293T cells were transfected separately with RIG-1 (500 ng), MAVS (500 ng), STING (500 ng), or TBK-1 (500 ng), together with IFN-
<italic>β</italic>
-Luc and pRL-TK. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (
<italic>P</italic>
< 0.05). (f) Immunofluorescence microscopy of HeLa cells expressing Myc-TGEV PL1, Flag-STING, and DsRed-Mito. Cells were fixed 24 h after transfection, and Flag-tagged and Myc-tagged products were visualized using confocal microscopy.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2017-7089091.003"></graphic>
</fig>
<fig id="fig4" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Figure 4</label>
<caption>
<p>
<italic>TGEV PL1 displays DUB activity that is dependent on its catalytic activity and reduces the ubiquitinated forms of RIG-I and STING.</italic>
(a) HEK293T cells were transfected with HA-tagged ubiquitin and TGEV PL1 or the catalytic mutants C32A, H183A, and D196A. Proteins were assayed using Western blot with anti-HA and anti-Myc antibodies. ((b) and (c)) HEK293T cells were transfected with Myc-TGEVPL1 together with Flag-RIG-1 (b) and Flag-STING (c) for 24 h, and lysates were subjected to coimmunoprecipitation and Western blot to determine the ubiquitination status of immunoprecipitated proteins. ((d) and (e)) HEK293T cells were transfected with Flag-RIG-1 (d) or Flag-STING (e), together with HA-Ub in the presence or absence of Myc-TGEVPL1. Cells were incubated for 24 h after transfection and then lysates were harvested. Lysates were immunoprecipitated with Flag, HA, and Myc antibodies and the products subjected to immunoblotting with anti-HA to evaluate ubiquitinated proteins.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="BMRI2017-7089091.004"></graphic>
</fig>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>République populaire de Chine</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="République populaire de Chine">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Hu, Xiaoliang" sort="Hu, Xiaoliang" uniqKey="Hu X" first="Xiaoliang" last="Hu">Xiaoliang Hu</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Guo, Dongchun" sort="Guo, Dongchun" uniqKey="Guo D" first="Dongchun" last="Guo">Dongchun Guo</name>
<name sortKey="Jiang, Qian" sort="Jiang, Qian" uniqKey="Jiang Q" first="Qian" last="Jiang">Qian Jiang</name>
<name sortKey="Kang, Hongtao" sort="Kang, Hongtao" uniqKey="Kang H" first="Hongtao" last="Kang">Hongtao Kang</name>
<name sortKey="Li, Zhijie" sort="Li, Zhijie" uniqKey="Li Z" first="Zhijie" last="Li">Zhijie Li</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Dafei" sort="Liu, Dafei" uniqKey="Liu D" first="Dafei" last="Liu">Dafei Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Liu, Jiasen" sort="Liu, Jiasen" uniqKey="Liu J" first="Jiasen" last="Liu">Jiasen Liu</name>
<name sortKey="Qu, Juanjuan" sort="Qu, Juanjuan" uniqKey="Qu J" first="Juanjuan" last="Qu">Juanjuan Qu</name>
<name sortKey="Qu, Liandong" sort="Qu, Liandong" uniqKey="Qu L" first="Liandong" last="Qu">Liandong Qu</name>
<name sortKey="Tian, Jin" sort="Tian, Jin" uniqKey="Tian J" first="Jin" last="Tian">Jin Tian</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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