Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2
Identifieur interne : 000123 ( PascalFrancis/Corpus ); précédent : 000122; suivant : 000124Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2
Auteurs : Shutoku Matsuyama ; Noriyo Nagata ; Kazuya Shirato ; Miyuki Kawase ; Makoto Takeda ; Fumihiro TaguchiSource :
- Journal of virology [ 0022-538X ] ; 2010.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
Abstract
The distribution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), does not strictly correlate with SARS-CoV cell tropism in lungs; therefore, other cellular factors have been predicted to be required for activation of virus infection. In the present study, we identified transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), whose expression does correlate with SARS-CoV infection in the upper lobe of the lung. In Vero cells expressing TMPRSS2, large syncytia were induced by SARS-CoV infection. Further, the lysosome-tropic reagents failed to inhibit, whereas the heptad repeat peptide efficiently inhibited viral entry into cells, suggesting that TMPRSS2 affects the S protein at the cell surface and induces virus-plasma membrane fusion. On the other hand, production of virus in TMPRSS2-expressing cells did not result in S-protein cleavage or increased infectivity of the resulting virus. Thus, TMPRSS2 affects the entry of virus but not other phases of virus replication. We hypothesized that the spatial orientation of TMPRSS2 vis-a-vis S protein is a key mechanism underling this phenomenon. To test this, the TMPRSS2 and S proteins were expressed in cells labeled with fluorescent probes of different colors, and the cell-cell fusion between these cells was tested. Results indicate that TMPRSS2 needs to be expressed in the opposing (target) cell membrane to activate S protein rather than in the producer cell, as found for influenza A virus and metapneumoviruses. This is the first report of TMPRSS2 being required in the target cell for activation of a viral fusion protein but not for the S protein synthesized in and transported to the surface of cells. Our findings suggest that the TMPRSS2 expressed in lung tissues may be a determinant of viral tropism and pathogenicity at the initial site of SARS-CoV infection.
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Format Inist (serveur)
NO : | PASCAL 11-0034711 INIST |
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ET : | Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2 |
AU : | MATSUYAMA (Shutoku); NAGATA (Noriyo); SHIRATO (Kazuya); KAWASE (Miyuki); TAKEDA (Makoto); TAGUCHI (Fumihiro) |
AF : | Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases/4-7-1 Gakuen Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011/Japon (1 aut., 3 aut., 4 aut., 5 aut.); Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases/4-7-1 Gakuen Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011/Japon (2 aut.); Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University/1-7-1 Sakai-minami Musasino, Tokyo 180-8602/Japon (6 aut.) |
DT : | Publication en série; Niveau analytique |
SO : | Journal of virology; ISSN 0022-538X; Etats-Unis; Da. 2010; Vol. 84; No. 24; Pp. 12658-12664; Bibl. 37 ref. |
LA : | Anglais |
EA : | The distribution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), does not strictly correlate with SARS-CoV cell tropism in lungs; therefore, other cellular factors have been predicted to be required for activation of virus infection. In the present study, we identified transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), whose expression does correlate with SARS-CoV infection in the upper lobe of the lung. In Vero cells expressing TMPRSS2, large syncytia were induced by SARS-CoV infection. Further, the lysosome-tropic reagents failed to inhibit, whereas the heptad repeat peptide efficiently inhibited viral entry into cells, suggesting that TMPRSS2 affects the S protein at the cell surface and induces virus-plasma membrane fusion. On the other hand, production of virus in TMPRSS2-expressing cells did not result in S-protein cleavage or increased infectivity of the resulting virus. Thus, TMPRSS2 affects the entry of virus but not other phases of virus replication. We hypothesized that the spatial orientation of TMPRSS2 vis-a-vis S protein is a key mechanism underling this phenomenon. To test this, the TMPRSS2 and S proteins were expressed in cells labeled with fluorescent probes of different colors, and the cell-cell fusion between these cells was tested. Results indicate that TMPRSS2 needs to be expressed in the opposing (target) cell membrane to activate S protein rather than in the producer cell, as found for influenza A virus and metapneumoviruses. This is the first report of TMPRSS2 being required in the target cell for activation of a viral fusion protein but not for the S protein synthesized in and transported to the surface of cells. Our findings suggest that the TMPRSS2 expressed in lung tissues may be a determinant of viral tropism and pathogenicity at the initial site of SARS-CoV infection. |
CC : | 002A05C10 |
FD : | Coronavirus; Protéine transmembranaire; Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère |
FG : | Coronaviridae; Nidovirales; Virus; Pathologie de l'appareil respiratoire; Virose; Infection; Pathologie des poumons |
ED : | Coronavirus; Transmembrane protein; Severe acute respiratory syndrome |
EG : | Coronaviridae; Nidovirales; Virus; Respiratory disease; Viral disease; Infection; Lung disease |
SD : | Coronavirus; Proteína transmembranar; Síndrome respiratorio agudo severo |
LO : | INIST-13592.354000193473440190 |
ID : | 11-0034711 |
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Pascal:11-0034711Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The distribution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), does not strictly correlate with SARS-CoV cell tropism in lungs; therefore, other cellular factors have been predicted to be required for activation of virus infection. In the present study, we identified transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), whose expression does correlate with SARS-CoV infection in the upper lobe of the lung. In Vero cells expressing TMPRSS2, large syncytia were induced by SARS-CoV infection. Further, the lysosome-tropic reagents failed to inhibit, whereas the heptad repeat peptide efficiently inhibited viral entry into cells, suggesting that TMPRSS2 affects the S protein at the cell surface and induces virus-plasma membrane fusion. On the other hand, production of virus in TMPRSS2-expressing cells did not result in S-protein cleavage or increased infectivity of the resulting virus. Thus, TMPRSS2 affects the entry of virus but not other phases of virus replication. We hypothesized that the spatial orientation of TMPRSS2 vis-a-vis S protein is a key mechanism underling this phenomenon. To test this, the TMPRSS2 and S proteins were expressed in cells labeled with fluorescent probes of different colors, and the cell-cell fusion between these cells was tested. Results indicate that TMPRSS2 needs to be expressed in the opposing (target) cell membrane to activate S protein rather than in the producer cell, as found for influenza A virus and metapneumoviruses. This is the first report of TMPRSS2 being required in the target cell for activation of a viral fusion protein but not for the S protein synthesized in and transported to the surface of cells. Our findings suggest that the TMPRSS2 expressed in lung tissues may be a determinant of viral tropism and pathogenicity at the initial site of SARS-CoV infection.</div>
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<server><NO>PASCAL 11-0034711 INIST</NO>
<ET>Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2</ET>
<AU>MATSUYAMA (Shutoku); NAGATA (Noriyo); SHIRATO (Kazuya); KAWASE (Miyuki); TAKEDA (Makoto); TAGUCHI (Fumihiro)</AU>
<AF>Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases/4-7-1 Gakuen Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011/Japon (1 aut., 3 aut., 4 aut., 5 aut.); Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases/4-7-1 Gakuen Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011/Japon (2 aut.); Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University/1-7-1 Sakai-minami Musasino, Tokyo 180-8602/Japon (6 aut.)</AF>
<DT>Publication en série; Niveau analytique</DT>
<SO>Journal of virology; ISSN 0022-538X; Etats-Unis; Da. 2010; Vol. 84; No. 24; Pp. 12658-12664; Bibl. 37 ref.</SO>
<LA>Anglais</LA>
<EA>The distribution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), does not strictly correlate with SARS-CoV cell tropism in lungs; therefore, other cellular factors have been predicted to be required for activation of virus infection. In the present study, we identified transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), whose expression does correlate with SARS-CoV infection in the upper lobe of the lung. In Vero cells expressing TMPRSS2, large syncytia were induced by SARS-CoV infection. Further, the lysosome-tropic reagents failed to inhibit, whereas the heptad repeat peptide efficiently inhibited viral entry into cells, suggesting that TMPRSS2 affects the S protein at the cell surface and induces virus-plasma membrane fusion. On the other hand, production of virus in TMPRSS2-expressing cells did not result in S-protein cleavage or increased infectivity of the resulting virus. Thus, TMPRSS2 affects the entry of virus but not other phases of virus replication. We hypothesized that the spatial orientation of TMPRSS2 vis-a-vis S protein is a key mechanism underling this phenomenon. To test this, the TMPRSS2 and S proteins were expressed in cells labeled with fluorescent probes of different colors, and the cell-cell fusion between these cells was tested. Results indicate that TMPRSS2 needs to be expressed in the opposing (target) cell membrane to activate S protein rather than in the producer cell, as found for influenza A virus and metapneumoviruses. This is the first report of TMPRSS2 being required in the target cell for activation of a viral fusion protein but not for the S protein synthesized in and transported to the surface of cells. Our findings suggest that the TMPRSS2 expressed in lung tissues may be a determinant of viral tropism and pathogenicity at the initial site of SARS-CoV infection.</EA>
<CC>002A05C10</CC>
<FD>Coronavirus; Protéine transmembranaire; Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</FD>
<FG>Coronaviridae; Nidovirales; Virus; Pathologie de l'appareil respiratoire; Virose; Infection; Pathologie des poumons</FG>
<ED>Coronavirus; Transmembrane protein; Severe acute respiratory syndrome</ED>
<EG>Coronaviridae; Nidovirales; Virus; Respiratory disease; Viral disease; Infection; Lung disease</EG>
<SD>Coronavirus; Proteína transmembranar; Síndrome respiratorio agudo severo</SD>
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<ID>11-0034711</ID>
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