Nurses and the control of infectious disease. Understanding epidemiology and disease transmission is vital to nursing care.
Identifieur interne : 000C76 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000C75; suivant : 000C77Nurses and the control of infectious disease. Understanding epidemiology and disease transmission is vital to nursing care.
Auteurs : Bridget Stirling ; Paula Littlejohn ; Mary Lynne WillbondSource :
- The Canadian nurse [ 0008-4581 ] ; 2004.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Contrôle des maladies contagieuses (), Humains, Maladies transmissibles (soins infirmiers), Maladies transmissibles (traitement médicamenteux), Maladies transmissibles (transmission), Maladies transmissibles émergentes (), Maladies transmissibles émergentes (soins infirmiers), Méthodes épidémiologiques, Résistance aux substances, Rôle de l'infirmier, Soins infirmiers (), Transmission de maladie infectieuse ().
- MESH :
- soins infirmiers : Maladies transmissibles, Maladies transmissibles émergentes.
- traitement médicamenteux : Maladies transmissibles.
- Contrôle des maladies contagieuses, Humains, Maladies transmissibles, Maladies transmissibles émergentes, Méthodes épidémiologiques, Résistance aux substances, Rôle de l'infirmier, Soins infirmiers, Transmission de maladie infectieuse.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Communicable Disease Control (methods), Communicable Diseases (drug therapy), Communicable Diseases (nursing), Communicable Diseases (transmission), Communicable Diseases, Emerging (nursing), Communicable Diseases, Emerging (prevention & control), Disease Transmission, Infectious (prevention & control), Drug Resistance, Epidemiologic Methods, Humans, Nurse's Role, Nursing Care (methods).
- MESH :
- drug therapy : Communicable Diseases.
- methods : Communicable Disease Control, Nursing Care.
- nursing : Communicable Diseases, Communicable Diseases, Emerging.
- prevention & control : Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Disease Transmission, Infectious.
- transmission : Communicable Diseases.
- Drug Resistance, Epidemiologic Methods, Humans, Nurse's Role.
Abstract
Epidemiology examines the distribution and source of a disease in a population. Understanding epidemiology and disease transmission is vital to nursing care. Infectious disease transmission requires three components: an agent (virus, bacterium, parasite or other microbe), a vulnerable host and a conducive environment. Disease spread can occur through direct contact or via indirect methods (airborne droplets, vectors, fomites, water or food). Intervention can occur by attacking the agent (e.g., using microbicides), changing the environment (e.g., providing negative pressure rooms) or strengthening the host (e.g., vaccination). Three epidemiologically relevant microbes are the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)-associated coronavirus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium difficile (C. difficile). The first is an emerging pathogen, and the latter two are existing agents that have mutated such that they are resistant to their standard treatments. For SARS, control measures include screening for possible cases and appropriate triage, respiratory and barrier precautions within the healthcare facility, and voluntary isolation in the community for contacts or healthcare workers who exhibit symptoms. Control measures for MRSA include the screening of patient lesions, isolating or cohorting patients who are already infected, covering wounds with impermeable dressings, treating staff and patient carriers with antibiotics, and improved hygiene. Control measures for C. difficile Control measures include paying close attention to the hygiene of the clinical setting, disinfecting using bleach and the isolation of infected patients.
PubMed: 15623008
Affiliations:
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pubmed:15623008Le document en format XML
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Understanding epidemiology and disease transmission is vital to nursing care. Infectious disease transmission requires three components: an agent (virus, bacterium, parasite or other microbe), a vulnerable host and a conducive environment. Disease spread can occur through direct contact or via indirect methods (airborne droplets, vectors, fomites, water or food). Intervention can occur by attacking the agent (e.g., using microbicides), changing the environment (e.g., providing negative pressure rooms) or strengthening the host (e.g., vaccination). Three epidemiologically relevant microbes are the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)-associated coronavirus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium difficile (C. difficile). The first is an emerging pathogen, and the latter two are existing agents that have mutated such that they are resistant to their standard treatments. For SARS, control measures include screening for possible cases and appropriate triage, respiratory and barrier precautions within the healthcare facility, and voluntary isolation in the community for contacts or healthcare workers who exhibit symptoms. Control measures for MRSA include the screening of patient lesions, isolating or cohorting patients who are already infected, covering wounds with impermeable dressings, treating staff and patient carriers with antibiotics, and improved hygiene. 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