The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.
Identifieur interne : 000F25 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000F24; suivant : 000F26The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.
Auteurs : Amy H. Newton [États-Unis] ; Amber Cardani [États-Unis] ; Thomas J. Braciale [États-Unis]Source :
- Seminars in immunopathology [ 1863-2300 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Cytokines (métabolisme), Humains, Immunité, Immunité acquise, Immunité innée, Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (anatomopathologie), Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (immunologie), Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (métabolisme), Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (virologie), Interactions hôte-pathogène (immunologie), Interférons (métabolisme), Macrophages alvéolaires (immunologie), Macrophages alvéolaires (métabolisme), Molécules contenant des motifs associés aux pathogènes (métabolisme), Muqueuse respiratoire (immunologie), Muqueuse respiratoire (métabolisme), Muqueuse respiratoire (virologie), Médiateurs de l'inflammation (métabolisme), Récepteurs de reconnaissance de motifs moléculaires (métabolisme).
- MESH :
- anatomopathologie : Infections de l'appareil respiratoire.
- immunologie : Infections de l'appareil respiratoire, Interactions hôte-pathogène, Macrophages alvéolaires, Muqueuse respiratoire.
- métabolisme : Cytokines, Infections de l'appareil respiratoire, Interférons, Macrophages alvéolaires, Molécules contenant des motifs associés aux pathogènes, Muqueuse respiratoire, Médiateurs de l'inflammation, Récepteurs de reconnaissance de motifs moléculaires.
- virologie : Infections de l'appareil respiratoire, Muqueuse respiratoire.
- Animaux, Humains, Immunité, Immunité acquise, Immunité innée.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adaptive Immunity, Animals, Cytokines (metabolism), Host-Pathogen Interactions (immunology), Humans, Immunity, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation Mediators (metabolism), Interferons (metabolism), Macrophages, Alveolar (immunology), Macrophages, Alveolar (metabolism), Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules (metabolism), Receptors, Pattern Recognition (metabolism), Respiratory Mucosa (immunology), Respiratory Mucosa (metabolism), Respiratory Mucosa (virology), Respiratory Tract Infections (immunology), Respiratory Tract Infections (metabolism), Respiratory Tract Infections (pathology), Respiratory Tract Infections (virology).
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Cytokines, Inflammation Mediators, Interferons, Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules, Receptors, Pattern Recognition.
- immunology : Host-Pathogen Interactions, Macrophages, Alveolar, Respiratory Mucosa, Respiratory Tract Infections.
- metabolism : Macrophages, Alveolar, Respiratory Mucosa, Respiratory Tract Infections.
- pathology : Respiratory Tract Infections.
- virology : Respiratory Mucosa, Respiratory Tract Infections.
- Adaptive Immunity, Animals, Humans, Immunity, Immunity, Innate.
Abstract
The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to the external environment, and therefore, must be equipped to respond to and eliminate pathogens. Viral clearance and resolution of infection requires a complex, multi-faceted response initiated by resident respiratory tract cells and innate immune cells and ultimately resolved by adaptive immune cells. Although an effective immune response to eliminate viral pathogens is essential, a prolonged or exaggerated response can damage the respiratory tract. Immune-mediated pulmonary damage is manifested clinically in a variety of ways depending on location and extent of injury. Thus, the antiviral immune response represents a balancing act between the elimination of virus and immune-mediated pulmonary injury. In this review, we highlight major components of the host response to acute viral infection and their role in contributing to mitigating respiratory damage. We also briefly describe common clinical manifestations of respiratory viral infection and morphological correlates. The continuing threat posed by pandemic influenza as well as the emergence of novel respiratory viruses also capable of producing severe acute lung injury such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and enterovirus D68, highlights the need for an understanding of the immune mechanisms that contribute to virus elimination and immune-mediated injury.
DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0558-0
PubMed: 26965109
Affiliations:
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Newton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>22908</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cardani, Amber" sort="Cardani, Amber" uniqKey="Cardani A" first="Amber" last="Cardani">Amber Cardani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>22908</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Braciale, Thomas J" sort="Braciale, Thomas J" uniqKey="Braciale T" first="Thomas J" last="Braciale">Thomas J. Braciale</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. tjb2r@virginia.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>22908</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Seminars in immunopathology</title><idno type="eISSN">1863-2300</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptive Immunity</term><term>Animals</term><term>Cytokines (metabolism)</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions (immunology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunity</term><term>Immunity, Innate</term><term>Inflammation Mediators (metabolism)</term><term>Interferons (metabolism)</term><term>Macrophages, Alveolar (immunology)</term><term>Macrophages, Alveolar (metabolism)</term><term>Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules (metabolism)</term><term>Receptors, Pattern Recognition (metabolism)</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa (immunology)</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa (metabolism)</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa (virology)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (immunology)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (metabolism)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (pathology)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (virology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Cytokines (métabolisme)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Immunité</term><term>Immunité acquise</term><term>Immunité innée</term><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (immunologie)</term><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (métabolisme)</term><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire (virologie)</term><term>Interactions hôte-pathogène (immunologie)</term><term>Interférons (métabolisme)</term><term>Macrophages alvéolaires (immunologie)</term><term>Macrophages alvéolaires (métabolisme)</term><term>Molécules contenant des motifs associés aux pathogènes (métabolisme)</term><term>Muqueuse respiratoire (immunologie)</term><term>Muqueuse respiratoire (métabolisme)</term><term>Muqueuse respiratoire (virologie)</term><term>Médiateurs de l'inflammation (métabolisme)</term><term>Récepteurs de reconnaissance de motifs moléculaires (métabolisme)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Cytokines</term><term>Inflammation Mediators</term><term>Interferons</term><term>Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules</term><term>Receptors, Pattern Recognition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire</term><term>Interactions hôte-pathogène</term><term>Macrophages alvéolaires</term><term>Muqueuse respiratoire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term><term>Macrophages, Alveolar</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Macrophages, Alveolar</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cytokines</term><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire</term><term>Interférons</term><term>Macrophages alvéolaires</term><term>Molécules contenant des motifs associés aux pathogènes</term><term>Muqueuse respiratoire</term><term>Médiateurs de l'inflammation</term><term>Récepteurs de reconnaissance de motifs moléculaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections de l'appareil respiratoire</term><term>Muqueuse respiratoire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Respiratory Mucosa</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptive Immunity</term><term>Animals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunity</term><term>Immunity, Innate</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Humains</term><term>Immunité</term><term>Immunité acquise</term><term>Immunité innée</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to the external environment, and therefore, must be equipped to respond to and eliminate pathogens. Viral clearance and resolution of infection requires a complex, multi-faceted response initiated by resident respiratory tract cells and innate immune cells and ultimately resolved by adaptive immune cells. Although an effective immune response to eliminate viral pathogens is essential, a prolonged or exaggerated response can damage the respiratory tract. Immune-mediated pulmonary damage is manifested clinically in a variety of ways depending on location and extent of injury. Thus, the antiviral immune response represents a balancing act between the elimination of virus and immune-mediated pulmonary injury. In this review, we highlight major components of the host response to acute viral infection and their role in contributing to mitigating respiratory damage. We also briefly describe common clinical manifestations of respiratory viral infection and morphological correlates. The continuing threat posed by pandemic influenza as well as the emergence of novel respiratory viruses also capable of producing severe acute lung injury such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and enterovirus D68, highlights the need for an understanding of the immune mechanisms that contribute to virus elimination and immune-mediated injury.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Newton, Amy H" sort="Newton, Amy H" uniqKey="Newton A" first="Amy H" last="Newton">Amy H. Newton</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Braciale, Thomas J" sort="Braciale, Thomas J" uniqKey="Braciale T" first="Thomas J" last="Braciale">Thomas J. Braciale</name><name sortKey="Cardani, Amber" sort="Cardani, Amber" uniqKey="Cardani A" first="Amber" last="Cardani">Amber Cardani</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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