Evaluation of Human-to-Human Transmission of Monkeypox from Infected Patients to Health Care Workers
Identifieur interne : 001744 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 001743; suivant : 001745Evaluation of Human-to-Human Transmission of Monkeypox from Infected Patients to Health Care Workers
Auteurs : Aaron T. Fleischauer [Géorgie (pays), États-Unis] ; James C. Kile [Géorgie (pays)] ; Molly Davidson ; Marc Fischer [Géorgie (pays)] ; Kevin L. Karem [Géorgie (pays)] ; Robert Teclaw ; Hans Messersmith ; Pamela Pontones ; Bradley A. Beard ; Zachary H. Braden [Géorgie (pays)] ; Joanne Cono [Géorgie (pays)] ; James J. Sejvar [Géorgie (pays)] ; Ali S. Khan [Géorgie (pays)] ; Inger Damon [Géorgie (pays)] ; Matthew J. Kuehnert [Géorgie (pays)]Source :
- Clinical Infectious Diseases [ 1058-4838 ] ; 2005.
Abstract
Background. In 2003, human monkeypox was first identified in the United States. The outbreak was associated with exposure to infected prairie dogs, but the potential for person-to-person transmission was a concern. This study examines health care worker (HCW) exposure to 3 patients with confirmed monkeypox. Methods. Exposed HCWs, defined as HCWs who entered a 2-m radius surrounding case patients with confirmed monkeypox, were identified by infection-control practitioners. A self-administered questionnaire and analysis of paired serum specimens determined exposure status, immune response, and postexposure signs and symptoms of monkeypox. Results. Of 81 exposed HCWs, 57 (70%) participated in the study. Among 57 participants, 40 (70%) had ⩾1 unprotected exposure; none reported signs or symptoms consistent with monkeypox illness. One exposed HCW (2%), who had been vaccinated for smallpox within the past year, had serological evidence of recent orthopoxvirus infection; acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens tested positive for anti-orthopoxvirus IgM. No exposed HCWs had signs and symptoms consistent with monkeypox. Conclusion. More than three-quarters of exposed HCWs reported at least 1 unprotected encounter with a patient who had monkeypox. One asymptomatic HCW showed laboratory evidence of recent orthopoxvirus infection, which was possibly attributable to either recent infection or smallpox vaccination. Transmission of monkeypox likely is a rare event in the health care setting.
Url:
DOI: 10.1086/427805
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Molly Davidson<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Lutheran Hospital of Indiana, Fort Wayne</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Wayne</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Indiana State Department of Health, Indianapolis</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Indianapolis</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Indiana State Department of Health, Indianapolis</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Indianapolis</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Indiana State Department of Health, Indianapolis</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Indianapolis</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Indiana State Department of Health, Indianapolis</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Indianapolis</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<front><div type="abstract">Background. In 2003, human monkeypox was first identified in the United States. The outbreak was associated with exposure to infected prairie dogs, but the potential for person-to-person transmission was a concern. This study examines health care worker (HCW) exposure to 3 patients with confirmed monkeypox. Methods. Exposed HCWs, defined as HCWs who entered a 2-m radius surrounding case patients with confirmed monkeypox, were identified by infection-control practitioners. A self-administered questionnaire and analysis of paired serum specimens determined exposure status, immune response, and postexposure signs and symptoms of monkeypox. Results. Of 81 exposed HCWs, 57 (70%) participated in the study. Among 57 participants, 40 (70%) had ⩾1 unprotected exposure; none reported signs or symptoms consistent with monkeypox illness. One exposed HCW (2%), who had been vaccinated for smallpox within the past year, had serological evidence of recent orthopoxvirus infection; acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens tested positive for anti-orthopoxvirus IgM. No exposed HCWs had signs and symptoms consistent with monkeypox. Conclusion. More than three-quarters of exposed HCWs reported at least 1 unprotected encounter with a patient who had monkeypox. One asymptomatic HCW showed laboratory evidence of recent orthopoxvirus infection, which was possibly attributable to either recent infection or smallpox vaccination. Transmission of monkeypox likely is a rare event in the health care setting.</div>
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