Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection
Identifieur interne : 001D58 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001D57; suivant : 001D59Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection
Auteurs : G. Cao ; P. V. Nielsen ; R. L. Jensen ; P. Heiselberg ; L. Liu ; J. HeikkinenSource :
- Indoor Air [ 0905-6947 ] ; 2015-06.
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to examine the performance of protected zone ventilation (PZV) and hybrid protected zone ventilation (HPZV) to reduce the direct exposure to exhaled air from others' breathing. Experimental measurements are carried out to test the performance of PZV in a full‐scale office room with two breathing thermal manikins. The measurements were performed under three configurations, including two standing manikins at different distances: 0.35, 0.5, and 1.1 m. When the supply air velocity is increased to 4 m/s in the downward plane jet, the dimensionless concentration is 40% lower than for fully mixed ventilation, which can be considered as a measure of protection from the zoning condition. The measurement results showed that in both the PZV and the HPZV system it is possible to decrease the transmission of tracer gas from one manikin to the opposite manikin; therefore, it probably would reduce the risk of air borne cross‐infection between two people at the same relative positions. The results suggest that PZV and HPZV may be used to reduce the exposure of people in a protected zone from indoor pollutants emitted in a source zone.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/ina.12142
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:26E719ACE4162AC96DA0837CD9E0D29BE6471CCFLe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title><author><name sortKey="Cao, G" sort="Cao, G" uniqKey="Cao G" first="G." last="Cao">G. Cao</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>G. CaoVTT Technical Research Centre of FinlandTekniikantie 4 A, P.O. Box: 1000Espoo, FI‐02044 VTT, FinlandTel.: +358‐40‐199‐3513Fax: +358‐20‐722‐6390e‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: Guangyu.Cao@vtt.fi</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, P V" sort="Nielsen, P V" uniqKey="Nielsen P" first="P. V." last="Nielsen">P. V. Nielsen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, R L" sort="Jensen, R L" uniqKey="Jensen R" first="R. L." last="Jensen">R. L. Jensen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heiselberg, P" sort="Heiselberg, P" uniqKey="Heiselberg P" first="P." last="Heiselberg">P. Heiselberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, L" sort="Liu, L" uniqKey="Liu L" first="L." last="Liu">L. Liu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heikkinen, J" sort="Heikkinen, J" uniqKey="Heikkinen J" first="J." last="Heikkinen">J. Heikkinen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:26E719ACE4162AC96DA0837CD9E0D29BE6471CCF</idno><date when="2015" year="2015">2015</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/ina.12142</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S/fulltext.pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001D58</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001D58</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title><author><name sortKey="Cao, G" sort="Cao, G" uniqKey="Cao G" first="G." last="Cao">G. Cao</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>G. CaoVTT Technical Research Centre of FinlandTekniikantie 4 A, P.O. Box: 1000Espoo, FI‐02044 VTT, FinlandTel.: +358‐40‐199‐3513Fax: +358‐20‐722‐6390e‐mail:</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: Guangyu.Cao@vtt.fi</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, P V" sort="Nielsen, P V" uniqKey="Nielsen P" first="P. V." last="Nielsen">P. V. Nielsen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, R L" sort="Jensen, R L" uniqKey="Jensen R" first="R. L." last="Jensen">R. L. Jensen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heiselberg, P" sort="Heiselberg, P" uniqKey="Heiselberg P" first="P." last="Heiselberg">P. Heiselberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, L" sort="Liu, L" uniqKey="Liu L" first="L." last="Liu">L. Liu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heikkinen, J" sort="Heikkinen, J" uniqKey="Heikkinen J" first="J." last="Heikkinen">J. Heikkinen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Indoor Air</title><title level="j" type="alt">INDOOR AIR</title><idno type="ISSN">0905-6947</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-0668</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">25</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="307">307</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="319">319</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">13</biblScope><date type="published" when="2015-06">2015-06</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0905-6947</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0905-6947</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">The main objective of this study was to examine the performance of protected zone ventilation (PZV) and hybrid protected zone ventilation (HPZV) to reduce the direct exposure to exhaled air from others' breathing. Experimental measurements are carried out to test the performance of PZV in a full‐scale office room with two breathing thermal manikins. The measurements were performed under three configurations, including two standing manikins at different distances: 0.35, 0.5, and 1.1 m. When the supply air velocity is increased to 4 m/s in the downward plane jet, the dimensionless concentration is 40% lower than for fully mixed ventilation, which can be considered as a measure of protection from the zoning condition. The measurement results showed that in both the PZV and the HPZV system it is possible to decrease the transmission of tracer gas from one manikin to the opposite manikin; therefore, it probably would reduce the risk of air borne cross‐infection between two people at the same relative positions. The results suggest that PZV and HPZV may be used to reduce the exposure of people in a protected zone from indoor pollutants emitted in a source zone.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>G. Cao</name><affiliations><json:string>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</json:string><json:string>G. CaoVTT Technical Research Centre of FinlandTekniikantie 4 A, P.O. Box: 1000Espoo, FI‐02044 VTT, FinlandTel.: +358‐40‐199‐3513Fax: +358‐20‐722‐6390e‐mail:</json:string><json:string>E-mail: Guangyu.Cao@vtt.fi</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. V. Nielsen</name><affiliations><json:string>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>R. L. Jensen</name><affiliations><json:string>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. Heiselberg</name><affiliations><json:string>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>L. Liu</name><affiliations><json:string>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. Heikkinen</name><affiliations><json:string>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Protected zone ventilation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Cross‐infection</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Air velocity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Indoor contaminants</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Exposure</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Plane jet</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>INA12142</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The main objective of this study was to examine the performance of protected zone ventilation (PZV) and hybrid protected zone ventilation (HPZV) to reduce the direct exposure to exhaled air from others' breathing. Experimental measurements are carried out to test the performance of PZV in a full‐scale office room with two breathing thermal manikins. The measurements were performed under three configurations, including two standing manikins at different distances: 0.35, 0.5, and 1.1 m. When the supply air velocity is increased to 4 m/s in the downward plane jet, the dimensionless concentration is 40% lower than for fully mixed ventilation, which can be considered as a measure of protection from the zoning condition. The measurement results showed that in both the PZV and the HPZV system it is possible to decrease the transmission of tracer gas from one manikin to the opposite manikin; therefore, it probably would reduce the risk of air borne cross‐infection between two people at the same relative positions. The results suggest that PZV and HPZV may be used to reduce the exposure of people in a protected zone from indoor pollutants emitted in a source zone.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.244</score><pdfWordCount>7865</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>45972</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.6</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 782.362 pts</pdfPageSize><pdfWordsPerPage>605</pdfWordsPerPage><pdfText>true</pdfText><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>187</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1173</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>6</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Indoor Air</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0668</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0905-6947</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1600-0668</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>INA</json:string></publisherId><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><pages><first>307</first><last>319</last><total>13</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Original Article</value></json:item><json:item><value>Original Articles</value></json:item></subject></host><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - social science</json:string><json:string>2 - public, environmental & occupational health</json:string><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - engineering, environmental</json:string><json:string>2 - construction & building technology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - applied sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - built environment & design</json:string><json:string>3 - building & construction</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health</json:string><json:string>1 - Physical Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Engineering</json:string><json:string>3 - Building and Construction</json:string><json:string>1 - Physical Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Environmental Science</json:string><json:string>3 - Environmental Engineering</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>3 - sciences medicales</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2015</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2015</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/ina.12142</json:string></doi><id>26E719ACE4162AC96DA0837CD9E0D29BE6471CCF</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S/fulltext.pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S/bundle.zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S/fulltext.tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main">Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher ref="https://scientific-publisher.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/H02-QW5Q88H5-V">Wiley Publishing Ltd</publisher><availability><licence>© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2015-06"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title><author xml:id="author-0000" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">G.</forename><surname>Cao</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="division">Smart Energy and System Integration</orgName>
<orgName type="institution">VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland</orgName>
<address><settlement>Espoo</settlement>
<country key="FI" xml:lang="en">FINLAND</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">P. V.</forename><surname>Nielsen</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Aalborg University</orgName>
<address><settlement>Aalborg</settlement>
<country key="DK" xml:lang="en">DENMARK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">R. L.</forename><surname>Jensen</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Aalborg University</orgName>
<address><settlement>Aalborg</settlement>
<country key="DK" xml:lang="en">DENMARK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">P.</forename><surname>Heiselberg</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Aalborg University</orgName>
<address><settlement>Aalborg</settlement>
<country key="DK" xml:lang="en">DENMARK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">L.</forename><surname>Liu</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="institution">Aalborg University</orgName>
<address><settlement>Aalborg</settlement>
<country key="DK" xml:lang="en">DENMARK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">J.</forename><surname>Heikkinen</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName type="division">Smart Energy and System Integration</orgName>
<orgName type="institution">VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland</orgName>
<address><settlement>Espoo</settlement>
<country key="FI" xml:lang="en">FINLAND</country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">26E719ACE4162AC96DA0837CD9E0D29BE6471CCF</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/ina.12142</idno><idno type="unit">INA12142</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:INA.INA12142.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Indoor Air</title><title level="j" type="alt">INDOOR AIR</title><idno type="pISSN">0905-6947</idno><idno type="eISSN">1600-0668</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0668</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/ina.2015.25.issue-3</idno><idno type="product">INA</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">25</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="307">307</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="319">319</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">13</biblScope><date type="published" when="2015-06"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><encodingDesc><schemaRef type="ODD" url="https://xml-schema.delivery.istex.fr/tei-istex.odd"></schemaRef><appInfo><application ident="pub2tei" version="1.0.10" when="2019-12-20"><label>pub2TEI-ISTEX</label><desc>A set of style sheets for converting XML documents encoded in various scientific publisher formats into a common TEI format.
<ref target="http://www.tei-c.org/">We use TEI</ref></desc></application></appInfo></encodingDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main" xml:id="ina12142-abs-0001"><head>Abstract</head><p>The main objective of this study was to examine the performance of protected zone ventilation (<hi rend="fc">PZV</hi>) and hybrid protected zone ventilation (<hi rend="fc">HPZV</hi>) to reduce the direct exposure to exhaled air from others' breathing. Experimental measurements are carried out to test the performance of <hi rend="fc">PZV</hi> in a full‐scale office room with two breathing thermal manikins. The measurements were performed under three configurations, including two standing manikins at different distances: 0.35, 0.5, and 1.1 m. When the supply air velocity is increased to 4 m/s in the downward plane jet, the dimensionless concentration is 40% lower than for fully mixed ventilation, which can be considered as a measure of protection from the zoning condition. The measurement results showed that in both the <hi rend="fc">PZV</hi> and the <hi rend="fc">HPZV</hi> system it is possible to decrease the transmission of tracer gas from one manikin to the opposite manikin; therefore, it probably would reduce the risk of air borne cross‐infection between two people at the same relative positions. The results suggest that <hi rend="fc">PZV</hi> and <hi rend="fc">HPZV</hi> may be used to reduce the exposure of people in a protected zone from indoor pollutants emitted in a source zone.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0001">Protected zone ventilation</term><term xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0002">Cross‐infection</term><term xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0003">Air velocity</term><term xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0004">Indoor contaminants</term><term xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0005">Exposure</term><term xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0006">Plane jet</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Original Article</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Original Articles</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2019-12-20" who="#istex" xml:id="pub2tei">formatting</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S/fulltext.txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component type="serialArticle" version="2.0" xml:id="ina12142" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0668</doi><issn type="print">0905-6947</issn><issn type="electronic">1600-0668</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="INA"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title sort="INDOOR AIR" type="main">Indoor Air</title><title type="short">Indoor Air</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="30"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/ina.2015.25.issue-3</doi><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="25">25</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">3</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2015-06">June 2015</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="90" status="forIssue" type="article"><doi>10.1111/ina.12142</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="INA12142"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count number="13" type="pageTotal"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Original Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event date="2013-11-29" type="manuscriptReceived"></event><event date="2014-06-27" type="manuscriptAccepted"></event><event agent="SPS" date="2014-07-09" type="xmlCreated"></event><event type="publishedOnlineAccepted" date="2014-07-03"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2014-07-28"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2015-04-24"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2014-07-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.7.2 mode:FullText" date="2016-01-05"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">307</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">319</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo><lineatedText><line>G. Cao</line><line>VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland</line><line>Tekniikantie 4 A, P.O. Box: 1000</line><line>Espoo, FI‐02044 VTT, Finland</line><line>Tel.: +358‐40‐199‐3513</line><line>Fax: +358‐20‐722‐6390</line><line>e‐mail: <email>Guangyu.Cao@vtt.fi</email></line></lineatedText></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:INA.INA12142.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title><title type="shortAuthors">Cao et al.</title></titleGroup><creators><creator affiliationRef="#ina12142-aff-0001" corresponding="yes" creatorRole="author" xml:id="ina12142-cr-0001"><personName><givenNames>G.</givenNames> <familyName>Cao</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#ina12142-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="ina12142-cr-0002"><personName><givenNames>P. V.</givenNames> <familyName>Nielsen</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#ina12142-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="ina12142-cr-0003"><personName><givenNames>R. L.</givenNames> <familyName>Jensen</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#ina12142-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="ina12142-cr-0004"><personName><givenNames>P.</givenNames> <familyName>Heiselberg</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#ina12142-aff-0002" creatorRole="author" xml:id="ina12142-cr-0005"><personName><givenNames>L.</givenNames> <familyName>Liu</familyName></personName></creator><creator affiliationRef="#ina12142-aff-0001" creatorRole="author" xml:id="ina12142-cr-0006"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames> <familyName>Heikkinen</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation countryCode="FI" type="organization" xml:id="ina12142-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Smart Energy and System Integration</orgDiv> <orgName>VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland</orgName> <address><city>Espoo</city> <country>Finland</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DK" type="organization" xml:id="ina12142-aff-0002"><orgName>Aalborg University</orgName> <address><city>Aalborg</city> <country>Denmark</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0001">Protected zone ventilation</keyword><keyword xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0002">Cross‐infection</keyword><keyword xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0003">Air velocity</keyword><keyword xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0004">Indoor contaminants</keyword><keyword xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0005">Exposure</keyword><keyword xml:id="ina12142-kwd-0006">Plane jet</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Academy of Finland</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>259678</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><supportingInformation><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting" mimeType="application/msword" href="urn-x:wiley:09056947:media:ina12142:ina12142-sup-0001-FigS1-S3"></mediaResource><caption><p><b>Figure S1.</b> The dimensions of the breathing thermal manikin (BTM) and the location BTM with different combination of air supply and exhaust: (a) source BTM, (b) target BTM, (c) the location of air supply and exhaust in Series NO. 1, (d) the location of air supply and exhaust in Series NO. 2, (e) the location of air supply and exhaust in Series NO. 3.</p><p><b>Figure S2.</b> Visualization of the interaction between the breathing process and the download plane jet (the distance between the two standing manikins is 35 cm, orientation of the image is looking along the length of the room, and two manikins are in the centre of the room beside the downward plane jet.</p><p><b>Figure S3.</b> Visualization of the interaction between the breathing process and the download plane jet (the distance between the two standing manikins is 50 cm, orientation of the image is looking along the length of the room, and two manikins are in the centre of the room beside the downward plane jet).</p></caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="ina12142-abs-0001"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The main objective of this study was to examine the performance of protected zone ventilation (<fc>PZV</fc>) and hybrid protected zone ventilation (<fc>HPZV</fc>) to reduce the direct exposure to exhaled air from others' breathing. Experimental measurements are carried out to test the performance of <fc>PZV</fc> in a full‐scale office room with two breathing thermal manikins. The measurements were performed under three configurations, including two standing manikins at different distances: 0.35, 0.5, and 1.1 m. When the supply air velocity is increased to 4 m/s in the downward plane jet, the dimensionless concentration is 40% lower than for fully mixed ventilation, which can be considered as a measure of protection from the zoning condition. The measurement results showed that in both the <fc>PZV</fc> and the <fc>HPZV</fc> system it is possible to decrease the transmission of tracer gas from one manikin to the opposite manikin; therefore, it probably would reduce the risk of air borne cross‐infection between two people at the same relative positions. The results suggest that <fc>PZV</fc> and <fc>HPZV</fc> may be used to reduce the exposure of people in a protected zone from indoor pollutants emitted in a source zone.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cao</namePart><affiliation>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</affiliation><affiliation>G. CaoVTT Technical Research Centre of FinlandTekniikantie 4 A, P.O. Box: 1000Espoo, FI‐02044 VTT, FinlandTel.: +358‐40‐199‐3513Fax: +358‐20‐722‐6390e‐mail:</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: Guangyu.Cao@vtt.fi</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P. V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R. L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jensen</namePart><affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Heiselberg</namePart><affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Liu</namePart><affiliation>Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Heikkinen</namePart><affiliation>Smart Energy and System Integration, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2015-06</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2014-07-09</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2013-11-29</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2014-06-27</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2015</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>The main objective of this study was to examine the performance of protected zone ventilation (PZV) and hybrid protected zone ventilation (HPZV) to reduce the direct exposure to exhaled air from others' breathing. Experimental measurements are carried out to test the performance of PZV in a full‐scale office room with two breathing thermal manikins. The measurements were performed under three configurations, including two standing manikins at different distances: 0.35, 0.5, and 1.1 m. When the supply air velocity is increased to 4 m/s in the downward plane jet, the dimensionless concentration is 40% lower than for fully mixed ventilation, which can be considered as a measure of protection from the zoning condition. The measurement results showed that in both the PZV and the HPZV system it is possible to decrease the transmission of tracer gas from one manikin to the opposite manikin; therefore, it probably would reduce the risk of air borne cross‐infection between two people at the same relative positions. The results suggest that PZV and HPZV may be used to reduce the exposure of people in a protected zone from indoor pollutants emitted in a source zone.</abstract><note type="additional physical form">Figure S1. The dimensions of the breathing thermal manikin (BTM) and the location BTM with different combination of air supply and exhaust: (a) source BTM, (b) target BTM, (c) the location of air supply and exhaust in Series NO. 1, (d) the location of air supply and exhaust in Series NO. 2, (e) the location of air supply and exhaust in Series NO. 3. Figure S2. Visualization of the interaction between the breathing process and the download plane jet (the distance between the two standing manikins is 35 cm, orientation of the image is looking along the length of the room, and two manikins are in the centre of the room beside the downward plane jet. Figure S3. Visualization of the interaction between the breathing process and the download plane jet (the distance between the two standing manikins is 50 cm, orientation of the image is looking along the length of the room, and two manikins are in the centre of the room beside the downward plane jet).</note><note type="funding">Academy of Finland</note><note type="funding">VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland - No. 259678; </note><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Protected zone ventilation</topic><topic>Cross‐infection</topic><topic>Air velocity</topic><topic>Indoor contaminants</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Plane jet</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Original Articles</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0905-6947</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1600-0668</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1600-0668</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">INA</identifier><part><date>2015</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>25</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>307</start><end>319</end><total>13</total></extent></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0001"><titleInfo><title>Adams, W.C. (1993) Measurement of Breathing Rate and Volume in Routinely Performed Daily Activities, Sacramento, CA, California Environmental Protection Agency.</title></titleInfo><note type="citation/reference">Adams, W.C. (1993) Measurement of Breathing Rate and Volume in Routinely Performed Daily Activities, Sacramento, CA, California Environmental Protection Agency.</note><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">W.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Adams</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>book</genre><originInfo><publisher>California Environmental Protection Agency</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Sacramento, CA</placeTerm></place></originInfo><part><date>1993</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0003"><titleInfo><title>Dispersal of exhaled air and personal exposure in displacement ventilated rooms</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bjørn</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Bjørn, E. and Nielsen, P.V. (2002) Dispersal of exhaled air and personal exposure in displacement ventilated rooms, Indoor Air, 12, 147–164.</note><part><date>2002</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>12</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>147</start><end>164</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><part><date>2002</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>12</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>147</start><end>164</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0004"><titleInfo><title>Personal exposure to contaminant sources in ventilation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Brohus</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>other</genre><originInfo><publisher>Aalborg University</publisher></originInfo><part><date>1997</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0006"><titleInfo><title>Experimental study of the effect of turbulence intensities on the maximum velocity decay of an attached plane jet</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.Y.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cao</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kandzia</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Müller</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Heikkinen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kosonen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ruponen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Cao, G.Y., Kandzia, C., Müller, D., Heikkinen, J., Kosonen, R. and Ruponen, M. (2013a) Experimental study of the effect of turbulence intensities on the maximum velocity decay of an attached plane jet, Energ. Buildings, 65, 127–136.</note><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>65</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>127</start><end>136</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Energ. Buildings</title></titleInfo><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>65</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>127</start><end>136</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0007"><titleInfo><title>Modelling and experimental study of performance of the protected occupied zone ventilation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.Y.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cao</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Sirén</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kilpeläinen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Cao, G.Y., Sirén, K. and Kilpeläinen, S. (2013b) Modelling and experimental study of performance of the protected occupied zone ventilation, Energ. Buildings, 68, 515–531.</note><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>68</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>515</start><end>531</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Energ. Buildings</title></titleInfo><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>68</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>515</start><end>531</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0008"><titleInfo><title>Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2014) http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/summary.htm.</title></titleInfo><name type="corporate"><namePart>Centres for Disease Control and Prevention</namePart></name><genre>other</genre><part><date>2014</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0009"><titleInfo><title>Turbulent buoyant jets – a review of experimental data</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J. C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Chen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Rodi</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>other</genre><part><date>1980</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0010"><titleInfo><title>The growing burden of tuberculosis – global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">E.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Corbett</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Watt</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N.</namePart><namePart type="family">Walker</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Maher</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">B.G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Williams</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Raviglione</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Dye</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Corbett, E.L., Watt, C.J., Walker, N., Maher, D., Williams, B.G., Raviglione, M.C. and Dye, C. (2003) The growing burden of tuberculosis – global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic, Arch. Intern. Med., 163, 1009–1021.</note><part><date>2003</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>163</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1009</start><end>1021</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Arch. Intern. Med.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2003</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>163</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1009</start><end>1021</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0100"><titleInfo><title>Transient CFD simulation of the respiration process and inter‐person exposure assessment</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N.P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gao</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Niu</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Gao, N.P. and Niu, J.L. (2006) Transient CFD simulation of the respiration process and inter‐person exposure assessment, Build. Environ., 41, 1214–1222.</note><part><date>2006</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>41</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1214</start><end>1222</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Build. Environ.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2006</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>41</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1214</start><end>1222</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0011"><titleInfo><title>Characterizing exhaled airflow from breathing and talking</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gupta</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lin</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Q.Y.</namePart><namePart type="family">Chen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Gupta, J.K., Lin, C.H. and Chen, Q.Y. (2010) Characterizing exhaled airflow from breathing and talking, Indoor Air, 20, 31–39.</note><part><date>2010</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>20</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>31</start><end>39</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><part><date>2010</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>20</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>31</start><end>39</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0012"><titleInfo><title>Removal of airborne contaminants from a surface tank by a push‐pull system</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Heiselberg</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Topp</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>book-chapter</genre><genre>book</genre><part><date>1997</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0013"><titleInfo><title>Modelling of the indoor environment – particle dispersion and deposition</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Holmberg</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Y.G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Li</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Holmberg, S. and Li, Y.G. (1998) Modelling of the indoor environment – particle dispersion and deposition, Indoor Air, 8, 113–122.</note><part><date>1998</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>8</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>113</start><end>122</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><part><date>1998</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>8</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>113</start><end>122</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0014"><titleInfo><title>Local ventilation solution for large, warm emission sources</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kulmala</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hynynen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Welling</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Säämänen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Kulmala, I., Hynynen, P., Welling, I. and Säämänen, A. (2007) Local ventilation solution for large, warm emission sources, Ann. Occup. Hyg., 51, 35–43.</note><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>51</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>35</start><end>43</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Ann. Occup. Hyg.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>51</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>35</start><end>43</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0015"><titleInfo><title>Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment – a multidisciplinary systematic review</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Y.</namePart><namePart type="family">Li</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Leung</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Tang</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">X.</namePart><namePart type="family">Yang</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.Y.H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Chao</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.Z.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lin</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lu</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Niu</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Qian</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Sleigh</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.J.J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Su</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Sundell</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wong</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Yuen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Li, Y., Leung, G.M., Tang, J.W., Yang, X., Chao, C.Y.H., Lin, J.Z., Lu, J.W., Nielsen, P.V., Niu, J., Qian, H., Sleigh, A.C., Su, H.J.J., Sundell, J., Wong, T.W. and Yuen, P.L. (2007) Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment – a multidisciplinary systematic review, Indoor Air, 17, 2–18.</note><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>17</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>2</start><end>18</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>17</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>2</start><end>18</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0016"><titleInfo><title>Personalized ventilation: evaluation of different air terminal devices</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Melikov</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Radim</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Milan</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Melikov, A.K., Radim, C. and Milan, M. (2002) Personalized ventilation: evaluation of different air terminal devices, Energ. Buildings, 34, 829–836.</note><part><date>2002</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>34</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>829</start><end>836</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Energ. Buildings</title></titleInfo><part><date>2002</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>34</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>829</start><end>836</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0017"><titleInfo><title>Impact of airflow interaction on inhaled air quality and transport of contaminants in rooms with personalized and total volume ventilation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Melikov</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cermak</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">O.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kovar</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Forejt</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>book-chapter</genre><genre>book</genre><part><date>2003</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0108"><titleInfo><title>Droplet fate in indoor environment, or can we prevent the spread of infection?</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Morawska</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Morawska, L. (2006) Droplet fate in indoor environment, or can we prevent the spread of infection? Indoor air, 16, 335–347.</note><part><date>2006</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>16</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>335</start><end>347</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor air</title></titleInfo><part><date>2006</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>16</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>335</start><end>347</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0018"><titleInfo><title>Control of airborne infectious diseases in ventilated spaces</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Nielsen, P.V. (2009) Control of airborne infectious diseases in ventilated spaces, J. R. Soc. Interface, 6, 747–755.</note><part><date>2009</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>6</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>747</start><end>755</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>J. R. Soc. Interface</title></titleInfo><part><date>2009</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>6</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>747</start><end>755</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0020"><titleInfo><title>Personal exposure between people in a room ventilated by textile terminals: with and without personalized ventilation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hyldgård</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Melikov</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Andersen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Soennichsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Nielsen, P.V., Hyldgård, C.E., Melikov, A., Andersen, H. and Soennichsen, M. (2007) Personal exposure between people in a room ventilated by textile terminals: with and without personalized ventilation, HVAC Res., 13, 635–644.</note><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>13</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>635</start><end>644</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>HVAC Res.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2007</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>13</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>635</start><end>644</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0021"><titleInfo><title>Contaminant flow in the microenvironment between people under different ventilation conditions</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Buus</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Winther</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Thilageswaran</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Nielsen, P., Buus, M., Winther, F.V. and Thilageswaran, M. (2008) Contaminant flow in the microenvironment between people under different ventilation conditions, ASHRAE Trans., 1, SL ‐08‐064, 632–638.</note><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>632</start><end>638</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>ASHRAE Trans.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>632</start><end>638</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0022"><titleInfo><title>Airborne cross‐infection risk between two people standing in surroundings with a vertical temperature gradient</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Olmedo</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.R.</namePart><namePart type="family">de Adana</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Grzelecki</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jensen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Nielsen, P.V., Olmedo, I., de Adana, M.R., Grzelecki, P. and Jensen, R.L. (2012) Airborne cross‐infection risk between two people standing in surroundings with a vertical temperature gradient, HVAC Res., 18, 1–10.</note><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>18</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1</start><end>10</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>HVAC Res.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>18</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1</start><end>10</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0023"><titleInfo><title>Breathing and cross‐infection risk in the microenvironment around people</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Zajas</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Litewnicki</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jensen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>other</genre><part><date>2014</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0024"><titleInfo><title>Distribution of exhaled contaminants and personal exposure in a room using three different air distribution strategies</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Olmedo</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.R.</namePart><namePart type="family">de Adana</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jensen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Grzelecki</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Olmedo, I., Nielsen, P.V., de Adana, M.R., Jensen, R.L. and Grzelecki, P. (2012) Distribution of exhaled contaminants and personal exposure in a room using three different air distribution strategies, Indoor Air, 22, 64–76.</note><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>22</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>64</start><end>76</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>22</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>64</start><end>76</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0025"><titleInfo><title>The risk of airborne cross‐infection in a room with vertical low‐velocity ventilation</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.</namePart><namePart type="family">Olmedo</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.V.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.R.</namePart><namePart type="family">de Adana</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jensen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Olmedo, I., Nielsen, P.V., de Adana, M.R. and Jensen, R.L. (2013) The risk of airborne cross‐infection in a room with vertical low‐velocity ventilation, Indoor Air, 23, 62–73.</note><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>23</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>62</start><end>73</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Indoor Air</title></titleInfo><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>23</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>62</start><end>73</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0028"><titleInfo><title>Rajaratnam, N. (1976) Turbulent Jets, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier.</title></titleInfo><note type="citation/reference">Rajaratnam, N. (1976) Turbulent Jets, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Elsevier.</note><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N.</namePart><namePart type="family">Rajaratnam</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>book</genre><originInfo><publisher>Elsevier</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Amsterdam, The Netherlands</placeTerm></place></originInfo><part><date>1976</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0029"><titleInfo><title>The influence of air circulation, jet discharge momentum flux and nozzle design parameters on the tightness of an upwards blowing air curtain</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Valkeapää</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Sirén</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Valkeapää, A. and Sirén, K. (2010) The influence of air circulation, jet discharge momentum flux and nozzle design parameters on the tightness of an upwards blowing air curtain, Int. J. Vent., 8, 337–346.</note><part><date>2010</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>8</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>337</start><end>346</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Int. J. Vent.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2010</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>8</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>337</start><end>346</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0030"><titleInfo><title>Advanced turbulence models for predicting particle transport in enclosed environments</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wang</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lin</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Q.Y.</namePart><namePart type="family">Chen</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Wang, M., Lin, C.H. and Chen, Q.Y. (2012) Advanced turbulence models for predicting particle transport in enclosed environments, Build. Environ., 47, 40–49.</note><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>47</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>40</start><end>49</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Build. Environ.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>47</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>40</start><end>49</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0031"><titleInfo><title>World Health Organization (2014) http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance/en/.</title></titleInfo><name type="corporate"><namePart>World Health Organization</namePart></name><genre>other</genre><part><date>2014</date></part></relatedItem><relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="ina12142-cit-0032"><titleInfo><title>Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">I.T.S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Yu</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Y.G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Li</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wong</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Tam</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Chan</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.H.W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lee</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.Y.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Leung</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">T.</namePart><namePart type="family">Ho</namePart><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><genre>journal-article</genre><note type="citation/reference">Yu, I.T.S., Li, Y.G., Wong, T.W., Tam, W., Chan, A.T., Lee, J.H.W., Leung, D.Y.C. and Ho, T. (2004) Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus, N. Engl. J. Med., 350, 1731–1739.</note><part><date>2004</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>350</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1731</start><end>1739</end></extent></part><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>N. Engl. J. Med.</title></titleInfo><part><date>2004</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>350</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1731</start><end>1739</end></extent></part></relatedItem></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">26E719ACE4162AC96DA0837CD9E0D29BE6471CCF</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/ina.12142</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">INA12142</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-L0C46X92-X">wiley</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Converted from (version ) to MODS version 3.6.</recordOrigin><recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2019-11-15</recordCreationDate></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-37CPGJ02-S/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001D58 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001D58 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= SrasV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:26E719ACE4162AC96DA0837CD9E0D29BE6471CCF
|texte= Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross‐infection
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |