Serveur d'exploration SRAS

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study

Identifieur interne : 001C15 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001C14; suivant : 001C16

Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study

Auteurs : A. Pimenov ; T. C. Kelly ; A. Korobeinikov ; M. J. A. O Allaghan ; A. V. Pokrovskii ; D. Rachinskii

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:F775B40CF3FC7718EF9763325049E84D4D2FC996

Abstract

Modification of behaviour in response to changes in the environment or ambient conditions, based on memory, is typical of the human and, possibly, many animal species.One obvious example of such adaptivity is, for instance, switching to a safer behaviour when in danger, from either a predator or an infectious disease. In human society such switching to safe behaviour is particularly apparent during epidemics. Mathematically, such changes of behaviour in response to changes in the ambient conditions can be described by models involving switching. In most cases, this switching is assumed to depend on the system state, and thus it disregards the history and, therefore, memory. Memory can be introduced into a mathematical model using a phenomenon known as hysteresis. We illustrate this idea using a simple SIR compartmental model that is applicable in epidemiology. Our goal is to show why and how hysteresis can arise in such a model, and how it may be applied to describe a variety of memory effects. Our other objective is to introduce a unified paradigm for mathematical modelling with memory effects in epidemiology and ecology. Our approach treats changing behaviour as an irreversible flow related to large ensembles of elementary exchange operations that recently has been successfully applied in a number of other areas, such as terrestrial hydrology, and macroeconomics. For the purposes of illustrating these ideas in an application to biology, we consider a rather simple case study and develop a model from first principles. We accompany the model with extensive numerical simulations which exhibit interesting qualitative effects.

Url:
DOI: 10.1051/mmnp/20127313

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:F775B40CF3FC7718EF9763325049E84D4D2FC996

Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pimenov, A" sort="Pimenov, A" uniqKey="Pimenov A" first="A." last="Pimenov">A. Pimenov</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Weierstrass Institute, Mohrenstrasse 39, D-10117 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kelly, T C" sort="Kelly, T C" uniqKey="Kelly T" first="T. C." last="Kelly">T. C. Kelly</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Korobeinikov, A" sort="Korobeinikov, A" uniqKey="Korobeinikov A" first="A." last="Korobeinikov">A. Korobeinikov</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>E-mail: andrei.korobeinikov@ul.ie</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="O Allaghan, M J A" sort="O Allaghan, M J A" uniqKey="O Allaghan M" first="M. J. A." last="O Allaghan">M. J. A. O Allaghan</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pokrovskii, A V" sort="Pokrovskii, A V" uniqKey="Pokrovskii A" first="A. V." last="Pokrovskii">A. V. Pokrovskii</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rachinskii, D" sort="Rachinskii, D" uniqKey="Rachinskii D" first="D." last="Rachinskii">D. Rachinskii</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno>
<idno type="RBID">ISTEX:F775B40CF3FC7718EF9763325049E84D4D2FC996</idno>
<date when="2012" year="2012">2012</date>
<idno type="doi">10.1051/mmnp/20127313</idno>
<idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7/fulltext.pdf</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001C15</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001C15</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pimenov, A" sort="Pimenov, A" uniqKey="Pimenov A" first="A." last="Pimenov">A. Pimenov</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Weierstrass Institute, Mohrenstrasse 39, D-10117 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kelly, T C" sort="Kelly, T C" uniqKey="Kelly T" first="T. C." last="Kelly">T. C. Kelly</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Korobeinikov, A" sort="Korobeinikov, A" uniqKey="Korobeinikov A" first="A." last="Korobeinikov">A. Korobeinikov</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>E-mail: andrei.korobeinikov@ul.ie</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="O Allaghan, M J A" sort="O Allaghan, M J A" uniqKey="O Allaghan M" first="M. J. A." last="O Allaghan">M. J. A. O Allaghan</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pokrovskii, A V" sort="Pokrovskii, A V" uniqKey="Pokrovskii A" first="A. V." last="Pokrovskii">A. V. Pokrovskii</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rachinskii, D" sort="Rachinskii, D" uniqKey="Rachinskii D" first="D." last="Rachinskii">D. Rachinskii</name>
<affiliation>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr></monogr>
<series>
<title level="j" type="main">Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena</title>
<title level="j" type="issue">Epidemiology</title>
<title level="j" type="abbrev">Math. Model. Nat. Phenom.</title>
<title level="j" type="publisher-id">mmnp</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0973-5348</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1760-6101</idno>
<imprint>
<publisher>EDP Sciences</publisher>
<date type="Final-Published" when="2012-06-06">2012-06-06</date>
<date type="ePublished" when="2012-06-06">2012-06-06</date>
<date type="Published" when="2012">2012</date>
<biblScope unit="vol">7</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="204">204</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="226">226</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page-count">23</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="ref-count">79</biblScope>
</imprint>
<idno type="ISSN">0973-5348</idno>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt>
<idno type="ISSN">0973-5348</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Modification of behaviour in response to changes in the environment or ambient conditions, based on memory, is typical of the human and, possibly, many animal species.One obvious example of such adaptivity is, for instance, switching to a safer behaviour when in danger, from either a predator or an infectious disease. In human society such switching to safe behaviour is particularly apparent during epidemics. Mathematically, such changes of behaviour in response to changes in the ambient conditions can be described by models involving switching. In most cases, this switching is assumed to depend on the system state, and thus it disregards the history and, therefore, memory. Memory can be introduced into a mathematical model using a phenomenon known as hysteresis. We illustrate this idea using a simple SIR compartmental model that is applicable in epidemiology. Our goal is to show why and how hysteresis can arise in such a model, and how it may be applied to describe a variety of memory effects. Our other objective is to introduce a unified paradigm for mathematical modelling with memory effects in epidemiology and ecology. Our approach treats changing behaviour as an irreversible flow related to large ensembles of elementary exchange operations that recently has been successfully applied in a number of other areas, such as terrestrial hydrology, and macroeconomics. For the purposes of illustrating these ideas in an application to biology, we consider a rather simple case study and develop a model from first principles. We accompany the model with extensive numerical simulations which exhibit interesting qualitative effects.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<istex>
<corpusName>edp-sciences</corpusName>
<author>
<json:item>
<name>A. Pimenov</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>Weierstrass Institute, Mohrenstrasse 39, D-10117 Berlin, Germany</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>T.C. Kelly</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>Department of Biology, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Ireland</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>A. Korobeinikov</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Ireland</json:string>
<json:string>E-mail: andrei.korobeinikov@ul.ie</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>M.J.A. O’Callaghan</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>A.V. Pokrovskii</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<name>D. Rachinskii</name>
<affiliations>
<json:string>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
</author>
<subject>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>mathematical epidemiology</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>SIR model</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>hysteresis</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>PETS</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>adaptation</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>memory effects</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>equilibrium</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>infectious disease</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>Preisach operator</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>operator-differential equations</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>dynamics</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>public information</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>olfactory</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>92D30</value>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<lang>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>47J40</value>
</json:item>
</subject>
<arkIstex>ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7</arkIstex>
<language>
<json:string>eng</json:string>
</language>
<originalGenre>
<json:string>research-article</json:string>
</originalGenre>
<abstract>Modification of behaviour in response to changes in the environment or ambient conditions, based on memory, is typical of the human and, possibly, many animal species.One obvious example of such adaptivity is, for instance, switching to a safer behaviour when in danger, from either a predator or an infectious disease. In human society such switching to safe behaviour is particularly apparent during epidemics. Mathematically, such changes of behaviour in response to changes in the ambient conditions can be described by models involving switching. In most cases, this switching is assumed to depend on the system state, and thus it disregards the history and, therefore, memory. Memory can be introduced into a mathematical model using a phenomenon known as hysteresis. We illustrate this idea using a simple SIR compartmental model that is applicable in epidemiology. Our goal is to show why and how hysteresis can arise in such a model, and how it may be applied to describe a variety of memory effects. Our other objective is to introduce a unified paradigm for mathematical modelling with memory effects in epidemiology and ecology. Our approach treats changing behaviour as an irreversible flow related to large ensembles of elementary exchange operations that recently has been successfully applied in a number of other areas, such as terrestrial hydrology, and macroeconomics. For the purposes of illustrating these ideas in an application to biology, we consider a rather simple case study and develop a model from first principles. We accompany the model with extensive numerical simulations which exhibit interesting qualitative effects.</abstract>
<qualityIndicators>
<score>10</score>
<pdfWordCount>12897</pdfWordCount>
<pdfCharCount>70761</pdfCharCount>
<pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion>
<pdfPageCount>23</pdfPageCount>
<pdfPageSize>539.012 x 751.908 pts</pdfPageSize>
<refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative>
<abstractWordCount>255</abstractWordCount>
<abstractCharCount>1651</abstractCharCount>
<keywordCount>15</keywordCount>
</qualityIndicators>
<title>Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</title>
<pii>
<json:string>S0973534812073130</json:string>
</pii>
<genre>
<json:string>research-article</json:string>
</genre>
<host>
<title>Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena</title>
<language>
<json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<issn>
<json:string>0973-5348</json:string>
</issn>
<eissn>
<json:string>1760-6101</json:string>
</eissn>
<publisherId>
<json:string>mmnp</json:string>
</publisherId>
<volume>7</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<pages>
<first>204</first>
<last>226</last>
<total>23</total>
</pages>
<genre>
<json:string>journal</json:string>
</genre>
</host>
<ark>
<json:string>ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7</json:string>
</ark>
<categories>
<wos>
<json:string>1 - science</json:string>
<json:string>2 - multidisciplinary sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - mathematics, interdisciplinary applications</json:string>
<json:string>2 - mathematical & computational biology</json:string>
</wos>
<scienceMetrix></scienceMetrix>
<scopus>
<json:string>1 - Physical Sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - Mathematics</json:string>
<json:string>3 - Modelling and Simulation</json:string>
</scopus>
</categories>
<publicationDate>2012</publicationDate>
<copyrightDate>2012</copyrightDate>
<doi>
<json:string>10.1051/mmnp/20127313</json:string>
</doi>
<id>F775B40CF3FC7718EF9763325049E84D4D2FC996</id>
<score>1</score>
<fulltext>
<json:item>
<extension>pdf</extension>
<original>true</original>
<mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7/fulltext.pdf</uri>
</json:item>
<json:item>
<extension>zip</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/zip</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7/bundle.zip</uri>
</json:item>
<istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7/fulltext.tei">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title level="a" type="main">Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<authority>ISTEX</authority>
<publisher>EDP Sciences</publisher>
<date when="2012">2012</date>
<availability>
<licence>© EDP Sciences, 2012</licence>
<p>EDP Sciences</p>
</availability>
</publicationStmt>
<notesStmt>
<note type="content-type" source="research-article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-7474895G-0">research-article</note>
<note type="publication-type" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note>
</notesStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct type="article">
<analytic>
<title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</title>
<author xml:id="author-0000">
<persName>
<surname>Pimenov</surname>
<forename type="first">A.</forename>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">Weierstrass Institute</orgName>
<address>
<street>Mohrenstrasse 39</street>
<postCode>D-10117</postCode>
<settlement>Berlin</settlement>
<country key="DE">Germany</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0001">
<persName>
<surname>Kelly</surname>
<forename type="first">T.C.</forename>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">Department of Biology, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork</orgName>
<address>
<country key="IE">Ireland</country>
</address>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0002" role="corresp">
<persName>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
<forename type="first">A.</forename>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick</orgName>
</affiliation>
<email>andrei.korobeinikov@ul.ie</email>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0003">
<persName>
<surname>O’Callaghan</surname>
<forename type="first">M.J.A.</forename>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0004">
<persName>
<surname>Pokrovskii</surname>
<forename type="first">A.V.</forename>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author xml:id="author-0005">
<persName>
<surname>Rachinskii</surname>
<forename type="first">D.</forename>
</persName>
<affiliation>
<orgName type="institution">Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<idno type="istex">F775B40CF3FC7718EF9763325049E84D4D2FC996</idno>
<idno type="ark">ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1051/mmnp/20127313</idno>
<idno type="publisher-id">mmnp201273p204</idno>
<idno type="PII">S0973534812073130</idno>
</analytic>
<monogr>
<title level="j" type="main">Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena</title>
<title level="j" type="issue">Epidemiology</title>
<title level="j" type="abbrev">Math. Model. Nat. Phenom.</title>
<title level="j" type="publisher-id">mmnp</title>
<idno type="pISSN">0973-5348</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1760-6101</idno>
<imprint>
<publisher>EDP Sciences</publisher>
<date type="Final-Published" when="2012-06-06"></date>
<date type="ePublished" when="2012-06-06"></date>
<date type="Published" when="2012"></date>
<biblScope unit="vol">7</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="204">204</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="226">226</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page-count">23</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="ref-count">79</biblScope>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<abstract xml:lang="en">
<p>Modification of behaviour in response to changes in the environment or ambient conditions, based on memory, is typical of the human and, possibly, many animal species.One obvious example of such adaptivity is, for instance, switching to a safer behaviour when in danger, from either a predator or an infectious disease. In human society such switching to safe behaviour is particularly apparent during epidemics. Mathematically, such changes of behaviour in response to changes in the ambient conditions can be described by models involving switching. In most cases, this switching is assumed to depend on the system state, and thus it disregards the history and, therefore, memory. Memory can be introduced into a mathematical model using a phenomenon known as hysteresis. We illustrate this idea using a simple SIR compartmental model that is applicable in epidemiology. Our goal is to show why and how hysteresis can arise in such a model, and how it may be applied to describe a variety of memory effects. Our other objective is to introduce a unified paradigm for mathematical modelling with memory effects in epidemiology and ecology. Our approach treats changing behaviour as an irreversible flow related to large ensembles of elementary exchange operations that recently has been successfully applied in a number of other areas, such as terrestrial hydrology, and macroeconomics. For the purposes of illustrating these ideas in an application to biology, we consider a rather simple case study and develop a model from first principles. We accompany the model with extensive numerical simulations which exhibit interesting qualitative effects.</p>
</abstract>
<textClass>
<keywords xml:lang="en">
<term>mathematical epidemiology</term>
<term>SIR model</term>
<term>hysteresis</term>
<term>PETS</term>
<term>adaptation</term>
<term>memory effects</term>
<term>equilibrium</term>
<term>infectious disease</term>
<term>Preisach operator</term>
<term>operator-differential equations</term>
<term>dynamics</term>
<term>public information</term>
<term>olfactory</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="AMS Code" xml:lang="en">
<list>
<item>
<label>92D30</label>
</item>
<item>
<label>47J40</label>
</item>
</list>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage>
<language ident="en"></language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
</istex:fulltextTEI>
<json:item>
<extension>txt</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>text/plain</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7/fulltext.txt</uri>
</json:item>
</fulltext>
<metadata>
<istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus edp-sciences not found" wicri:toSee="no header">
<istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration>
<istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" URI="JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType>
<istex:document>
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en">
<front><!-- À placer dans le répertoire contenant les issues de la revue : le chemin est : ../../issue_meta.xml par rapport aux fichiers de l'article -->
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mmnp</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Math. Model. Nat. Phenom.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0973-5348</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1760-6101</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>EDP Sciences</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1051/mmnp/20127313</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">mmnp201273p204</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pii">S0973534812073130</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pimenov</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kelly</surname>
<given-names>T.C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
<name>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF3">3</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="FN1"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>O’Callaghan</surname>
<given-names>M.J.A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pokrovskii</surname>
<given-names>A.V.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Rachinskii</surname>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="AFF4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="AFF1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>
<institution>Weierstrass Institute</institution>
,
<named-content content-type="street">Mohrenstrasse 39</named-content>
,
<named-content content-type="postcode">D-10117</named-content>
<named-content content-type="city">Berlin</named-content>
,
<country>Germany</country>
</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="AFF2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>
<institution>Department of Biology, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork</institution>
,
<country>Ireland</country>
</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="AFF3">
<label>3</label>
<institution>MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick</institution>
,
<country>Ireland</country>
</aff>
<aff id="AFF4">
<label>4</label>
<institution>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork</institution>
,
<country>Ireland</country>
</aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="FN1">
<label></label>
Corresponding author. E-mail:
<email>andrei.korobeinikov@ul.ie</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="final">
<day>06</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>06</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<!-- à changer tous les ans !! -->
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<issue-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">mmnp/2012/03</issue-id>
<issue-title>Epidemiology</issue-title>
<fpage>204</fpage>
<lpage>226</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>© EDP Sciences, 2012</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>EDP Sciences</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<abstract xml:lang="en">
<p>Modification of behaviour in response to changes in the environment or ambient conditions, based on memory, is typical of the human and, possibly, many animal species.One obvious example of such adaptivity is, for instance, switching to a safer behaviour when in danger, from either a predator or an infectious disease. In human society such switching to safe behaviour is particularly apparent during epidemics. Mathematically, such changes of behaviour in response to changes in the ambient conditions can be described by models involving switching. In most cases, this switching is assumed to depend on the system state, and thus it disregards the history and, therefore, memory. Memory can be introduced into a mathematical model using a phenomenon known as hysteresis. We illustrate this idea using a simple SIR compartmental model that is applicable in epidemiology. Our goal is to show why and how hysteresis can arise in such a model, and how it may be applied to describe a variety of memory effects. Our other objective is to introduce a unified paradigm for mathematical modelling with memory effects in epidemiology and ecology. Our approach treats changing behaviour as an irreversible flow related to large ensembles of elementary exchange operations that recently has been successfully applied in a number of other areas, such as terrestrial hydrology, and macroeconomics. For the purposes of illustrating these ideas in an application to biology, we consider a rather simple case study and develop a model from first principles. We accompany the model with extensive numerical simulations which exhibit interesting qualitative effects.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
<kwd>mathematical epidemiology</kwd>
<kwd>SIR model</kwd>
<kwd>hysteresis</kwd>
<kwd>PETS</kwd>
<kwd>adaptation</kwd>
<kwd>memory effects</kwd>
<kwd>equilibrium</kwd>
<kwd>infectious disease</kwd>
<kwd>Preisach operator</kwd>
<kwd>operator-differential equations</kwd>
<kwd>dynamics</kwd>
<kwd>public information</kwd>
<kwd>olfactory</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="AMS Code">
<compound-kwd>
<compound-kwd-part content-type="code">92D30</compound-kwd-part>
</compound-kwd>
<compound-kwd>
<compound-kwd-part content-type="code">47J40</compound-kwd-part>
</compound-kwd>
</kwd-group>
<counts>
<ref-count count="79"></ref-count>
<page-count count="23"></page-count>
</counts>
<custom-meta-group>
<custom-meta>
<meta-name>idline</meta-name>
<meta-value>
<italic>Math. Model. Nat. Phenom. </italic>
Vol. 7, No. 3, 2012, pp. 204-226</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
<custom-meta><!-- xml_type : si 'header', le body sera supprimé -->
<meta-name>xml_type</meta-name>
<meta-value>header</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
<custom-meta>
<meta-name>cover_date</meta-name>
<meta-value>2012</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
<custom-meta>
<meta-name>first_year</meta-name>
<meta-value>2012</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
<custom-meta>
<meta-name>last_year</meta-name>
<meta-value>2012</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Amoetal2008-->
<ref id="R1">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>L.</given-names>
<surname>Amo</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>I.</given-names>
<surname>Galván</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
<surname>Tomás</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.J.</given-names>
<surname>Sanz</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Predator odour recognition and avoidance in a songbird</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Functional Ecology</source>
,
<volume>22</volume>
(
<year>2008</year>
),
<fpage>289</fpage>
-
<lpage>293</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01361.x">10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01361.x</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Anderson-->
<ref id="R2">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> R.M. Anderson, R.M. May,
<italic>Infectious Diseases of Humans : Dynamics and Control</italic>
. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1992. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Antia-2005-->
<ref id="R3">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
<surname>Antia</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>V.V.</given-names>
<surname>Ganusov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
<surname>Ahmed</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>The role of models in understanding CD8+ T - Cell memory</italic>
</article-title>
,
<source>Nature Reviews Immunology</source>
,
<volume>5</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
),
<fpage>101</fpage>
<lpage>111</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: IEEE-->
<ref id="R4">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>B.</given-names>
<surname>Appelbe</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Flynn</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
<surname>McNamara</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.P.</given-names>
<surname>O’Kane</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Pimenov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Pokrovskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Rachinskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Zhezherun</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Rate-independent hysteresis in terrestrial hydrology, A Vegetated Soil Model with Preisach Hysteresis</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>IEEE Control Systems Magazine</source>
,
<volume>1</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
),
<fpage>44</fpage>
<lpage>69</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: hopfrach-->
<ref id="R5">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>B.</given-names>
<surname>Appelbe</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Rachinskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Zhezherun</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Hopf bifurcation in a van der Pol type oscillator with magnetic hysteresis</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Physica B</source>
,
<volume>403</volume>
(
<year>2008</year>
), No. 2–3,
<fpage>301</fpage>
<lpage>304</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Bailey-->
<ref id="R6">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> N.T. Bailey,
<italic>The Mathematical Theory of Infectious Diseases (2-nd edition)</italic>
. Charles Griffin and Co. Ltd., 1975. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Banks-2007-->
<ref id="R7">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>P.B.</given-names>
<surname>Banks</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.R.</given-names>
<surname>Dickman</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Alien predation and the effects of multiple levels of prey naivete</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Trends Ecol. Evol.</source>
,
<volume>22</volume>
(
<year>2007</year>
), No.
<issue>5</issue>
,
<fpage>229</fpage>
<lpage>230</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Barnard2004-->
<ref id="R8">
<mixed-citation publication-type="other"> C. Barnard,
<italic>Animal Behaviour - Mechanism, Development, Function and Evolution</italic>
. Pearson/ Prentice Hall, London, 2004. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Bolhuis-Wynne-->
<ref id="R9">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.J.</given-names>
<surname>Bolhuis</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.D.L.</given-names>
<surname>Wynne</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Can evolution explain how minds work ?</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nature</source>
,
<volume>458</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
),
<fpage>832</fpage>
<lpage>833</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Bolhuis-2001-->
<ref id="R10">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.J.</given-names>
<surname>Bolhuis</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>E.M.</given-names>
<surname>Macphail</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>A critique of the neuroecology of learning and memory</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Trends Cogn. Sci.</source>
,
<volume>5</volume>
(
<year>2001</year>
),
<fpage>426</fpage>
<lpage>433</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: asstab-->
<ref id="R11">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Brokate</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Pokrovskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Rachinskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Asymptotic stability of continuum sets of periodic solutions to systems with hysteresis</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>J. Math. Anal. Appl.</source>
,
<volume>319</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
), No.
<issue>1</issue>
,
<fpage>94</fpage>
<lpage>109</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Isaak-->
<ref id="R12">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> M. Brokate, A. Pokrovskii, D. Rachinskii, O. Rasskazov,
<italic>Differential equations with hysteresis via a canonical example</italic>
. in The Science of Hysteresis (Bertotti and Mayergoyz, editors). Vol. 1, pp. 125–291, Elsevier Science, 2005. ISBN : 978-0-12-480874-4 </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Brokate1996-->
<ref id="R13">
<mixed-citation publication-type="other"> M. Brokate, J. Sprekels,
<italic>Hysteresis and Phase Transitions</italic>
. Springer, New York, 1996. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Capasso-->
<ref id="R14">
<mixed-citation publication-type="other"> V. Capasso,
<italic>Mathematical Structures of Epidemic Systems.</italic>
Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, Vol. 97. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1993. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Clancyetal-->
<ref id="R15">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>C.F.</given-names>
<surname>Clancy</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.J.A.</given-names>
<surname>O’Callaghan</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.C.</given-names>
<surname>Kelly</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>A multi-scale problem arising in a model of avian flu virus in a seabird colony</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>J. Phys. Conf. Ser.</source>
,
<volume>55</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
),
<fpage>45</fpage>
-
<lpage>54</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Clayton1991-->
<ref id="R16">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Clayton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>The influence of parasites on host-sexual selection</italic>
</article-title>
,
<source>Parasitology Today</source>
,
<volume>7</volume>
(
<year>1991</year>
),
<fpage>329</fpage>
-
<lpage>334</lpage>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Clayton-2001-->
<ref id="R17">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>N.S.</given-names>
<surname>Clayton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.P.</given-names>
<surname>Griffiths</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>N.J.</given-names>
<surname>Emery</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Dickinson</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Elements of episodic memory in animals</italic>
</article-title>
,
<source>Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond B</source>
,
<volume>356</volume>
(
<year>2001</year>
),
<fpage>1483</fpage>
<lpage>1491</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Collett-2002-->
<ref id="R18">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>T.S.</given-names>
<surname>Collett</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Collett</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Memory use in insect visual navigation</italic>
</article-title>
,
<source>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</source>
,
<volume>3</volume>
(
<year>2002</year>
),
<fpage>542</fpage>
<lpage>552</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Corneliusetal2010-->
<ref id="R19">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.M.</given-names>
<surname>Cornelius</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.W.</given-names>
<surname>Breuner</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.P.</given-names>
<surname>Hahn</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Under a neighbour’s influence : public information affects stress hormones and behaviour of a songbird</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Proc. R. Soc. B</source>
,
<volume>277</volume>
(
<year>2010</year>
),
<fpage>2399</fpage>
<lpage>2404</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.0164">10.1098/rspb.2010.0164</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Cox-2006-->
<ref id="R20">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.G.</given-names>
<surname>Cox</surname>
</string-name>
and
<string-name>
<given-names>S.L.</given-names>
<surname>Lima</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Naivete and an aquatic — terrestrial dichotomy in the effects of introduced predators</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Trends Ecol. Evol.</source>
,
<volume>21</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
), No.
<issue>12</issue>
,
<fpage>674</fpage>
<lpage>680</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Crossetal2008-->
<ref id="R21">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
<surname>Cross</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
<surname>McNamara</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Pokrovskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Modelling macroeconomic flows related to large ensembles of elementary exchange operations</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Physica B</source>
,
<volume>403</volume>
(
<year>2008</year>
),
<fpage>451</fpage>
<lpage>455</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: McNamara2007-->
<ref id="R22">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
<surname>Cross</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
<surname>McNamara</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.V.</given-names>
<surname>Pokrovskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Rachinskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>A new paradigm for modelling hysteresis in macroeconomic flows</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Physica B</source>
,
<volume>403</volume>
(
<year>2007</year>
),
<issue>2–3</issue>
,
<fpage>231</fpage>
<lpage>236</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Danchin2006-->
<ref id="R23">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
<surname>Danchin</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>L-A.</given-names>
<surname>Giraldeau</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.J.</given-names>
<surname>Valone</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>R.H.</given-names>
<surname>Wagner</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Public Information : From Nosy Neighbours to Cultural Evolution</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Science</source>
,
<volume>305</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
),
<fpage>487</fpage>
<lpage>491</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Davis-->
<ref id="R24">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> Mark Davis,
<italic>Invasion Biology</italic>
. Oxford University Press, 2009. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: DeWaal-->
<ref id="R25">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>F.B.M.</given-names>
<surname>De Waal</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Darwin’s last laugh</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nature</source>
,
<volume>460</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
),
<fpage>175</fpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Deng-2010-->
<ref id="R26">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>W.</given-names>
<surname>Deng</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.B.</given-names>
<surname>Aimone</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>F.H.</given-names>
<surname>Gage</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>New neurons and new memories : how does adult hippocampal neurogenesis affect learning and memory</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</source>
,
<volume>11</volume>
(
<year>2010</year>
),
<fpage>229</fpage>
<lpage>233</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Emery-Clayton-->
<ref id="R27">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>N.J.</given-names>
<surname>Emery</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>N.S.</given-names>
<surname>Clayton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Effects of experience and social context of prospective caching strategies in scrub jays</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nature</source>
,
<volume>414</volume>
(
<year>2004</year>
),
<fpage>443</fpage>
<lpage>446</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Emery-2004-->
<ref id="R28">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>N.J.</given-names>
<surname>Emery</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Dally</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>N.S.</given-names>
<surname>Clayton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Western scrub jays (Aphelocoma californica) use cognitive strategies to protect their caches from thieving conspecifics</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Animal Cognition</source>
,
<volume>7</volume>
(
<year>2004</year>
),
<fpage>37</fpage>
<lpage>43</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Everett1952a-->
<ref id="R29">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>D.H.</given-names>
<surname>Everett</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>W.I.</given-names>
<surname>Whitton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>A general approach to hysteresis</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Transactions of the Faraday Society</source>
,
<volume>48</volume>
(
<year>1952</year>
),
<fpage>749</fpage>
<lpage>757</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: ewing1885-->
<ref id="R30">
<mixed-citation publication-type="other"> J.A. Ewing,
<italic>Experimental research in magnetism</italic>
. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., 176 (1895), II. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Ferguson-->
<ref id="R31">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>N.M.</given-names>
<surname>Ferguson</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.A.</given-names>
<surname>Donnelly</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>R.M.</given-names>
<surname>Anderson</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>The Foot-and-Mouth Epidemic in Great Britain : Pattern of Spread and Impact of Interventions</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Science</source>
,
<volume>292</volume>
(
<year>2001</year>
), No.
<issue>5519</issue>
,
<fpage>1155</fpage>
<lpage>1160</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Flynn1-->
<ref id="R32">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Flynn</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>O.</given-names>
<surname>Rasskazov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>On the integration of an ODE involving the derivative of a Preisach nonlinearity</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>J. Phys. Conf. Ser.</source>
,
<volume>22</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
),
<fpage>43</fpage>
<lpage>55</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/22/1/003">10.1088/1742-6596/22/1/003</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Forterre-->
<ref id="R33">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
<surname>Forterre</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>The origin of viruses and their possible role in major evolutionary transitions</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Virus Research</source>
,
<volume>117</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
),
<fpage>5</fpage>
<lpage>16</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Fraser.WHO.Flu-->
<ref id="R34">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
<surname>Fraser</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.A.</given-names>
<surname>Donnelly</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
<surname>Cauchemez</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>W.P.</given-names>
<surname>Hanage</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.D.T.</given-names>
<surname>Van Kerkhove</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Hollingsworth</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Griffin</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>R.F.</given-names>
<surname>Baggaley</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>H.E.</given-names>
<surname>Jenkins</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>E.J.</given-names>
<surname>Lyons</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
<surname>Jombart</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>W.R.</given-names>
<surname>Hinsley</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>N.C.</given-names>
<surname>Grassly</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
<surname>Balloux</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.C.</given-names>
<surname>Ghani</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>N.M.</given-names>
<surname>Ferguson</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Rambaut</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>O.G.</given-names>
<surname>Pybus</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
<surname>Lopez-Gatell</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.M.</given-names>
<surname>Alpuche-Aranda</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>Ietza</given-names>
<surname>Bojorquez Chapela</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>E.P.</given-names>
<surname>Zavala</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>Dulce Ma.</given-names>
<surname>Espejo Guevara</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
<surname>Checchi</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
<surname>Garcia</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
<surname>Hugonnet</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
<surname>Roth</surname>
</string-name>
:
<collab>The WHO Rapid Pandemic Assessment Collaboration</collab>
.
<article-title>
<italic>Pandemic Potential of a Strain of Influenza A (H1N1) : Early Findings</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Science</source>
,
<volume>324</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
),
<fpage>1557</fpage>
<lpage>1561</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Goldenfeld-Woese-->
<ref id="R35">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>N.</given-names>
<surname>Goldenfeld</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
<surname>Woese</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Biology’s next revolution</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nature</source>
,
<volume>445</volume>
(
<year>2007</year>
),
<fpage>369</fpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Hamilton.Zuk1982-->
<ref id="R36">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>W.D.</given-names>
<surname>Hamilton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Zuk</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Heritable true fitness and bright birds : a role for parasites ?</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Science</source>
,
<volume>218</volume>
(
<year>1982</year>
),
<fpage>384</fpage>
-
<lpage>387</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Hampton-2002-->
<ref id="R37">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
<surname>Hampton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.D.</given-names>
<surname>Healy</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.J.</given-names>
<surname>Shettlewort</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Kamil</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Neurecologists are not made of straw</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Trends Cogn. Sci.</source>
,
<volume>6</volume>
(
<year>2002</year>
),
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>2</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Hawkins-2006-->
<ref id="R38">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>R.D.</given-names>
<surname>Hawkins</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
<surname>Kandel</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.B.</given-names>
<surname>Bailey</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Molecular mechanisms of memory storage in Aplysia</italic>
</article-title>
,
<source>Biological Bulletin</source>
,
<volume>210</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
),
<fpage>174</fpage>
<lpage>191</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Healy-2005-->
<ref id="R39">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>S.D.</given-names>
<surname>Healy</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.R.</given-names>
<surname>de Kort</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>N.S.</given-names>
<surname>Clayton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>The Hippocampus, spatial memory and food hoarding : a puzzle revisited</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Trends Ecol. Evol.</source>
,
<volume>20</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
),
<fpage>17</fpage>
<lpage>22</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Heffernanetal-->
<ref id="R40">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.M.</given-names>
<surname>Heffernan</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>R.J.</given-names>
<surname>Smith</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>L.M.</given-names>
<surname>Wahl</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Perspectives on the basic reproductive ratio</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>J. R. Soc. Interface</source>
,
<volume>2</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
), No.
<issue>4</issue>
,
<fpage>281</fpage>
-
<lpage>93</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2005.0042">10.1098/rsif.2005.0042</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: susgroup-->
<ref id="R41">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.M.</given-names>
<surname>Hyman</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Li</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Differential susceptibility epidemic models</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>J. Math. Biol.</source>
,
<volume>50</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
), No.
<issue>62</issue>
,
<fpage>626</fpage>
<lpage>644</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Kalachevetal-->
<ref id="R42">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>L.V.</given-names>
<surname>Kalachev</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.C.</given-names>
<surname>Kelly</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.J.</given-names>
<surname>O’Callaghan</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.V.</given-names>
<surname>Pokrovskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.A.</given-names>
<surname>Pokrovskiy</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Analysis of threshold-type behaviour in mathematical models of the intrusion of a novel macroparasite in a host colony</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Math. Med. Biol.</source>
,
<volume>28</volume>
(
<year>2011</year>
), No.
<issue>4</issue>
,
<fpage>287</fpage>
-
<lpage>333</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imammb/dqq013">10.1093/imammb/dqq013</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Kandel-2001-->
<ref id="R43">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
<surname>Kandel</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>The Molecular Biology of Memory Storage : A Dialogue between Genes and Synapses</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Science</source>
,
<volume>294</volume>
(
<year>2001</year>
),
<fpage>1030</fpage>
<lpage>1038</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Keeling-->
<ref id="R44">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> M.J. Keeling, P. Rohani,
<italic>Modeling Infectious Diseases in Humans and Animals</italic>
. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2008. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Kermack-->
<ref id="R45">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>W.O.</given-names>
<surname>Kermack</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.G.</given-names>
<surname>McKendrick</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>A contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A</source>
,
<volume>115</volume>
(
<year>1927</year>
),
<fpage>700</fpage>
<lpage>721</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Koonin-2009-->
<ref id="R46">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>E.V.</given-names>
<surname>Koonin</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Darwinian Evolution in the Light of Genomics</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nucleic Acids Research</source>
,
<volume>37</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
),
<fpage>1011</fpage>
<lpage>1034</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Koonin-2008-->
<ref id="R47">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>E.V.</given-names>
<surname>Koonin</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>Y.I.</given-names>
<surname>Wolf</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Genomics of Bacteria and Archaea; the Emerging Dynamic View of the Prokaryotic World</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nucleic Acids Research</source>
,
<volume>36</volume>
(
<year>2008</year>
),
<fpage>6688</fpage>
<lpage>6719</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Korobeinikov06-->
<ref id="R48">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Lyapunov functions and global stability for SIR and SIRS epidemiological models with non-linear transmission</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Bull. Math. Biol.</source>
,
<volume>68</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
),
<fpage>615</fpage>
<lpage>626</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Korobeinikov07-->
<ref id="R49">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Global properties of infectious disease models with nonlinear incidence</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Bull. Math. Biol.</source>
,
<volume>69</volume>
(
<year>2007</year>
),
<fpage>1871</fpage>
<lpage>1886</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Korobeinikov2009a-->
<ref id="R50">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Global asymptotic properties of virus dynamics models with dose dependent parasite reproduction and virulence, and nonlinear incidence rate</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Math. Med. Biol.</source>
,
<volume>26</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
), No.
<issue>3</issue>
,
<fpage>225</fpage>
<lpage>239</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Korobeinikov2009-->
<ref id="R51">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Stability of ecosystem : global properties of a general predator-prey model</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Math. Med. Biol.</source>
,
<volume>26</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
),
<fpage>309</fpage>
<lpage>321</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Korobeinikov2010-->
<ref id="R52">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Global properties of a general predator-prey model with non-symmetric attack and consumption rate</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Discrete Cont. Dyn.-B</source>
,
<volume>14</volume>
(
<year>2010</year>
), No.
<issue>3</issue>
,
<fpage>1095</fpage>
<lpage>1103</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: KorobeinikovMaini05-->
<ref id="R53">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Korobeinikov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>P.K.</given-names>
<surname>Maini</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Nonlinear incidence and stability of infectious disease models</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Math. Med. Biol.</source>
,
<volume>22</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
),
<fpage>113</fpage>
<lpage>128</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Krasnosel'skii1989-->
<ref id="R54">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> M.A. Krasnosel’skii, A.V. Pokrovskii,
<italic>Systems with Hysteresis</italic>
. Nauka, Moscow, 1983 (English edition : Springer, 1989). </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: propsol-->
<ref id="R55">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> P. Krejci, P. O’Kane, A. Pokrovskii, D. Rachinskii,
<italic>Properties of solutions to a class of differential models incorporating Preisach hysteresis operator</italic>
. Physica D, in press,(2011). doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physd.2011.05.005">10.1016/j.physd.2011.05.005</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: stablesoil-->
<ref id="R56">
<mixed-citation publication-type="conf-proc"> P. Krejci, P. O’Kane, A. Pokrovskii, D. Rachinskii,
<italic>Stability results for a soil model with singular hysteretic hydrology</italic>
. 5th International Workshop on Multi-Rate Processes and Hysteresis (MURPHYS 2010) IOP Publishing, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 268 (2011) 012016 doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/268/1/012016">10.1088/1742-6596/268/1/012016</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Levenson-Sweatt-->
<ref id="R57">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Levenson</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.D.</given-names>
<surname>Sweatt</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Epigenetic mechanisms in memory formation</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</source>
,
<volume>6</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
),
<fpage>105</fpage>
<lpage>117</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Lipsitch-->
<ref id="R58">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Lipsitch</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
<surname>Cohen</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>B.</given-names>
<surname>Cooper</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.M.</given-names>
<surname>Robins</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
<surname>Ma</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>L.</given-names>
<surname>James</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
<surname>Gopalakrishna</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.K.</given-names>
<surname>Chew</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.C.</given-names>
<surname>Tan</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.H.</given-names>
<surname>Samore</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Fisman</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Murray</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Transmission Dynamics and Control of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Science</source>
,
<volume>300</volume>
(
<year>2003</year>
), No.
<issue>5627</issue>
,
<fpage>1966</fpage>
-
<lpage>1970</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Macphail-2001-->
<ref id="R59">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>E.M.</given-names>
<surname>Macphail</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Bolhuis</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>The evolution of intelligence : adaptive specialisations versus general process</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Biological Reviews</source>
,
<volume>76</volume>
(
<year>2001</year>
),
<fpage>341</fpage>
<lpage>364</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Mattick-2008-->
<ref id="R60">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.S.</given-names>
<surname>Mattick</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.F.</given-names>
<surname>Mehler</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>RNA editing, DNA recoding and the evolution of human cognition</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Trends Neurosci.</source>
,
<volume>31</volume>
(
<year>2008</year>
),
<fpage>227</fpage>
<lpage>233</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Mayergoyz1991-->
<ref id="R61">
<mixed-citation publication-type="other"> I.D. Mayergoyz,
<italic>Mathematical Models for Hysteresis</italic>
. Springer, New York, 1991. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Mayergoyz2003-->
<ref id="R62">
<mixed-citation publication-type="other"> I.D. Mayergoyz,
<italic>Mathematical Models of Hysteresis And Their Applications</italic>
. Elsevier, 2003. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Menzel-2006-->
<ref id="R63">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>R.</given-names>
<surname>Menzel</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>U.</given-names>
<surname>Greggers</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Smith</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
<surname>Berger</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
<surname>Brandt</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
<surname>Bundrock</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
<surname>Plumpe</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
<surname>Schaupp</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
<surname>Silke</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Stindt</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>N.</given-names>
<surname>Stollhoff</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
<surname>Watzl</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Honey bees navigate according to a map-like memory</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</source>
,
<volume>102</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
),
<fpage>3040</fpage>
<lpage>3045</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Neel-->
<ref id="R64">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>L.</given-names>
<surname>Neel</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Theories des lois d’aimantation de Lord Rayleigh 1, 2</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Cahiers de Physique</source>
,
<volume>12</volume>
(
<year>1942</year>
),
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>20</lpage>
; 13 (1943), 19–30. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Piersma-van-Gils-->
<ref id="R65">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> T. Piersma, J.A. van Gils,
<italic>The Flexible Phenotype A Body - Centered Integration of Ecology, Physiology and Behaviour</italic>
. Oxford University Press, 2011. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: pthesis-->
<ref id="R66">
<mixed-citation publication-type="thesis"> A. Pimenov,
<italic>Stability and bifurcations of systems with hysteresis and multistable systems</italic>
. Ph.D. dissertation, University College Cork, Ireland, 2009. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: dcdsb-->
<ref id="R67">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Pimenov</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
<surname>Rachinskii</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Linear Stability Analysis of Systems with Preisach Memory</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Discrete Cont. Dyn.-B</source>
,
<volume>4</volume>
(
<year>2009</year>
),
<fpage>997</fpage>
<lpage>1018</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Preisach1935-->
<ref id="R68">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
<surname>Preisach</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Uber die magnetische Nachwirkung</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Zeitschrift für Physik</source>
,
<volume>94</volume>
(
<year>1935</year>
),
<fpage>277</fpage>
<lpage>302</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Rodriguez2010-->
<ref id="R69">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>A.</given-names>
<surname>Rodriguez</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Hausberger</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
<surname>Clergeau</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Flexibility in European starlings’ use of social information : experiments with decoys in different populations</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Animal Behaviour</source>
,
<volume>80</volume>
(
<year>2010</year>
),
<fpage>965</fpage>
-
<lpage>97</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.anbehav. 2010.08.010">10.1016/ j.anbehav. 2010.08.010</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Bertotti2006-->
<ref id="R70">
<mixed-citation publication-type="book"> The Science of Hysteresis (Bertotti and Mayergoyz, editors). Vol. 1-3, 125–291, Elsevier Science, 2005. ISBN : 978-0-12-480874-4. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Tulving-2002-->
<ref id="R71">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
<surname>Tulving</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Episodic Memory : From Mind to Brain</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Ann. Rev. Psychology</source>
,
<volume>53</volume>
(
<year>2002</year>
),
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>25</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Templeton1996-->
<ref id="R72">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>J.J.</given-names>
<surname>Templeton</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>Luc-Alain</given-names>
<surname>Giraldea</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Vicarious sampling : the use of personal and public information by starlings foraging in a simple patchy environment</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Behav Ecol Sociobiol</source>
,
<volume>38</volume>
(
<year>1996</year>
),
<fpage>105</fpage>
-
<lpage>114</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Visintin1994-->
<ref id="R73">
<mixed-citation publication-type="other"> A. Visintin,
<italic>Differential Models of Hysteresis</italic>
. Springer, Berlin, 1994. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: WagnerDanchin2010-->
<ref id="R74">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>R.H.</given-names>
<surname>Wagner</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>E.</given-names>
<surname>Danchin</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>A taxonomy of biological information</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Oikos</source>
,
<volume>119</volume>
(
<year>2010</year>
),
<fpage>203</fpage>
<lpage>209</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.17315.x">10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.17315.x</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Ward2005-->
<ref id="R75">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>M.P.</given-names>
<surname>Ward</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Habitat selection by dispersing yellow-headed blackbirds : evidence of prospecting and the use of public information</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Oecologia</source>
,
<volume>145</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
),
<fpage>650</fpage>
<lpage>657</lpage>
. doi :
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0179-0">10.1007/s00442-005-0179-0</ext-link>
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Wonham-->
<ref id="R76">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Wonham</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Lewis</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Renclawowicz</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>P.</given-names>
<surname>van den Driessche</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Transmission assumptions generate conflicting predictions in host-vector disease models : a case study in West Nile virus</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Ecology Letters</source>
,
<volume>9</volume>
(
<year>2006</year>
),
<fpage>706</fpage>
<lpage>725</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Xiaocon-2008-->
<ref id="R77">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>X.</given-names>
<surname>Yu</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.</given-names>
<surname>Tsibane</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>P.A.</given-names>
<surname>McGraw</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>F.S.</given-names>
<surname>House</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.J.</given-names>
<surname>Keefer</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>M.D.</given-names>
<surname>Hicar</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>T.M.</given-names>
<surname>Tumpey</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
<surname>Pappas</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>L.A.</given-names>
<surname>Perrone</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>O.</given-names>
<surname>Martinez</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
<surname>Stevens</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>I.A.</given-names>
<surname>Wilson</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>P.V.</given-names>
<surname>Aguilar</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>E.L.</given-names>
<surname>Altschuler</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>C.F.</given-names>
<surname>Basler</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>J.E.</given-names>
<surname>Crowe</surname>
<suffix>Jr</suffix>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Neutralizing antibodies derived from the B cells of 1918 influenza pandemic survivors</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Nature</source>
,
<volume>445</volume>
(
<year>2008</year>
),
<fpage>532</fpage>
<lpage>536</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Zanetti-2005-->
<ref id="R78">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
<surname>Zanetti</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>G.</given-names>
<surname>Franchini</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>T cell memory and protective immunity by vaccination : is more better ?</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Trends Immunol.</source>
,
<volume>27</volume>
(
<year>2005</year>
),
<fpage>511</fpage>
<lpage>517</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<!--LaTeX original ID: Zhao-2008-->
<ref id="R79">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
<surname>Zhao</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>W.</given-names>
<surname>Deng</surname>
</string-name>
,
<string-name>
<given-names>F.W.</given-names>
<surname>Gage</surname>
</string-name>
,
<article-title>
<italic>Mechanisms and Functional Implications of Adult Neurogenesis</italic>
</article-title>
.
<source>Cell</source>
,
<volume>132</volume>
(
<year>2008</year>
),
<fpage>645</fpage>
<lpage>660</lpage>
. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
</istex:document>
</istex:metadataXml>
<mods version="3.6">
<titleInfo lang="en">
<title>Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA">
<title>Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Pimenov</namePart>
<affiliation>Weierstrass Institute, Mohrenstrasse 39, D-10117 Berlin, Germany</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">T.C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kelly</namePart>
<affiliation>Department of Biology, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Ireland</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal" displayLabel="corresp">
<namePart type="given">A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Korobeinikov</namePart>
<affiliation>MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Ireland</affiliation>
<affiliation>E-mail: andrei.korobeinikov@ul.ie</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">M.J.A.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">O’Callaghan</namePart>
<affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">A.V.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Pokrovskii</namePart>
<affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rachinskii</namePart>
<affiliation>Department of Applied Mathematics, University College Cork, Ireland</affiliation>
<role>
<roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
<genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre>
<originInfo>
<publisher>EDP Sciences</publisher>
<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012</dateIssued>
<dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2012-06-06</dateCreated>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate>
</originInfo>
<language>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm>
</language>
<physicalDescription>
<extent unit="references">79</extent>
</physicalDescription>
<abstract lang="en">Modification of behaviour in response to changes in the environment or ambient conditions, based on memory, is typical of the human and, possibly, many animal species.One obvious example of such adaptivity is, for instance, switching to a safer behaviour when in danger, from either a predator or an infectious disease. In human society such switching to safe behaviour is particularly apparent during epidemics. Mathematically, such changes of behaviour in response to changes in the ambient conditions can be described by models involving switching. In most cases, this switching is assumed to depend on the system state, and thus it disregards the history and, therefore, memory. Memory can be introduced into a mathematical model using a phenomenon known as hysteresis. We illustrate this idea using a simple SIR compartmental model that is applicable in epidemiology. Our goal is to show why and how hysteresis can arise in such a model, and how it may be applied to describe a variety of memory effects. Our other objective is to introduce a unified paradigm for mathematical modelling with memory effects in epidemiology and ecology. Our approach treats changing behaviour as an irreversible flow related to large ensembles of elementary exchange operations that recently has been successfully applied in a number of other areas, such as terrestrial hydrology, and macroeconomics. For the purposes of illustrating these ideas in an application to biology, we consider a rather simple case study and develop a model from first principles. We accompany the model with extensive numerical simulations which exhibit interesting qualitative effects.</abstract>
<subject lang="en">
<genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>mathematical epidemiology</topic>
<topic>SIR model</topic>
<topic>hysteresis</topic>
<topic>PETS</topic>
<topic>adaptation</topic>
<topic>memory effects</topic>
<topic>equilibrium</topic>
<topic>infectious disease</topic>
<topic>Preisach operator</topic>
<topic>operator-differential equations</topic>
<topic>dynamics</topic>
<topic>public information</topic>
<topic>olfactory</topic>
</subject>
<subject lang="en">
<genre>AMS Code</genre>
<topic authority="AMS-Code">92D30</topic>
<topic authority="AMS-Code">47J40</topic>
</subject>
<relatedItem type="host">
<titleInfo>
<title>Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre>
<identifier type="ISSN">0973-5348</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1760-6101</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">mmnp</identifier>
<part>
<date>2012</date>
<detail type="title">
<title>Epidemiology</title>
</detail>
<detail type="volume">
<caption>vol.</caption>
<number>7</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue">
<caption>no.</caption>
<number>3</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages">
<start>204</start>
<end>226</end>
<total>23</total>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<identifier type="istex">F775B40CF3FC7718EF9763325049E84D4D2FC996</identifier>
<identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1051/mmnp/20127313</identifier>
<identifier type="publisher-ID">mmnp201273p204</identifier>
<identifier type="PII">S0973534812073130</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© EDP Sciences, 2012</accessCondition>
<recordInfo>
<recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-00BJNC61-D">EDP</recordContentSource>
<recordOrigin>© EDP Sciences, 2012</recordOrigin>
</recordInfo>
</mods>
<json:item>
<extension>json</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/json</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/80W-KC3653JC-7/record.json</uri>
</json:item>
</metadata>
<serie></serie>
</istex>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001C15 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001C15 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Sante
   |area=    SrasV1
   |flux=    Istex
   |étape=   Corpus
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     ISTEX:F775B40CF3FC7718EF9763325049E84D4D2FC996
   |texte=   Memory Effects in Population Dynamics : Spread of Infectious Disease as a Case Study
}}

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33.
Data generation: Tue Apr 28 14:49:16 2020. Site generation: Sat Mar 27 22:06:49 2021