Market structure and communicable diseases
Identifieur interne : 001B62 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001B61; suivant : 001B63Market structure and communicable diseases
Auteurs : Stéphane MechoulanSource :
- Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique [ 0008-4085 ] ; 2007-05.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Aggressive subsidization strategy, Analytical framework, Anonymous referee, Antibiotic, Antibiotic resistance, Certain threshold, Communicable, Communicable disease, Communicable diseases, Communicable diseases figure, Competitive price, Competitive pricing, Constant price, Current treatment, Development economics, Different cases, Different paths, Discount factor, Disease eradication, Disease transmission, Drug resistance, Economic epidemiology, Economic theory, Epidemiology, Eradication, Exogenous, Exogenous infection rate, External effects, Externality, Fitness deficit, Future market, General case, Health economics, Heterogeneous agents, High values, Important implications, Infectious diseases, Infinite horizon model, Initial patent expiration, Initial prevalence, Intellectual property rights, Laxminarayan, Main results, Mandatory treatment, Marginal cost, Market power, Market structure, Mechoulan, Mechoulan figure, Modelling resistance, Monopolist, Monopolist prices, Monopolistic pricing, Monopoly power, Monopoly price, Monopoly pricing, Natural recovery, Negative externality, Next period, Numerical simulations, Objective function, Optimal choice, Optimal price, Other diseases, Other words, Perfect competition, Pharmaceutical industry, Philipson, Planner, Policy implications, Positive externality, Present value, Prevalence, Prevalence path, Prevalence paths, Price paths, Prices increase, Pricing, Product effectiveness, Public economics, Public policy, Resistance path, Resistant strain, Resistant strains, Resistant types, Simulation, Social planner, Social planning, Solid line, Steady state, Technology assessment, Transmission function, Vaccination, Vaccine, Welfare comparisons, Welfare cost, Welfare difference, Welfare implications, Welfare outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract. Communicable diseases pose a formidable challenge for public policy. Using numerical simulations, we show under which scenarios a monopolist's price and prevalence paths converge to a non‐zero steady state. In contrast, a planner typically eradicates the disease. If eradication is impossible, the planner subsidizes treatments as long as the prevalence can be controlled. Drug resistance exacerbates the welfare difference between monopoly and first best outcomes. Nevertheless, because the negative externalities from resistance compete with the positive externalities of treatment, a mixed competition/monopoly regime may perform better than competition alone. This result has important implications for the design of many drug patents.
Les maladies contagieuses posent un défi important à la politique publique. A l'aide de simulations numériques, on montre dans quels scénarios les prix de monopole et le sentier de prévalence tendent à engendrer un régime permanent où la maladie ne disparaît pas. Un planificateur typiquement élimine la maladie. Si l'éradication est impossible, le planificateur subventionne les traitements aussi longtemps que la prévalence peut être contrôlée. La résistance au remède agrandit l'écart de bien‐être entre le cas du monopole et l'optimum. Cependant comme les effets externes négatifs de la résistance au traitement sont en conflit avec les effets externes positifs des traitements, un régime mixte concurrence/monopole peut donner de meilleurs résultats que la seule concurrence. Ce résultat a des implications importantes pour l'élaboration de nombreux brevets pharmaceutiques.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00417.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:8654630AEF9E6D39B289B4322362BF18D5BA1455Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
<author><name sortKey="Mechoulan, Stephane" sort="Mechoulan, Stephane" uniqKey="Mechoulan S" first="Stéphane" last="Mechoulan">Stéphane Mechoulan</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Economics, University of Toronto</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno>
<idno type="RBID">ISTEX:8654630AEF9E6D39B289B4322362BF18D5BA1455</idno>
<date when="2007" year="2007">2007</date>
<idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00417.x</idno>
<idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S/fulltext.pdf</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001B62</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001B62</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Market structure and communicable diseases Structure de marché et maladies contagieuses.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Mechoulan, Stephane" sort="Mechoulan, Stephane" uniqKey="Mechoulan S" first="Stéphane" last="Mechoulan">Stéphane Mechoulan</name>
<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Economics, University of Toronto</mods:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr></monogr>
<series><title level="j" type="main">Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique</title>
<title level="j" type="alt">CANADIAN JOURNAL ECONOMICS/REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIQUE</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0008-4085</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1540-5982</idno>
<imprint><biblScope unit="vol">40</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="468">468</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="492">492</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page-count">25</biblScope>
<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher>
<pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2007-05">2007-05</date>
</imprint>
<idno type="ISSN">0008-4085</idno>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0008-4085</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Aggressive subsidization strategy</term>
<term>Analytical framework</term>
<term>Anonymous referee</term>
<term>Antibiotic</term>
<term>Antibiotic resistance</term>
<term>Certain threshold</term>
<term>Communicable</term>
<term>Communicable disease</term>
<term>Communicable diseases</term>
<term>Communicable diseases figure</term>
<term>Competitive price</term>
<term>Competitive pricing</term>
<term>Constant price</term>
<term>Current treatment</term>
<term>Development economics</term>
<term>Different cases</term>
<term>Different paths</term>
<term>Discount factor</term>
<term>Disease eradication</term>
<term>Disease transmission</term>
<term>Drug resistance</term>
<term>Economic epidemiology</term>
<term>Economic theory</term>
<term>Epidemiology</term>
<term>Eradication</term>
<term>Exogenous</term>
<term>Exogenous infection rate</term>
<term>External effects</term>
<term>Externality</term>
<term>Fitness deficit</term>
<term>Future market</term>
<term>General case</term>
<term>Health economics</term>
<term>Heterogeneous agents</term>
<term>High values</term>
<term>Important implications</term>
<term>Infectious diseases</term>
<term>Infinite horizon model</term>
<term>Initial patent expiration</term>
<term>Initial prevalence</term>
<term>Intellectual property rights</term>
<term>Laxminarayan</term>
<term>Main results</term>
<term>Mandatory treatment</term>
<term>Marginal cost</term>
<term>Market power</term>
<term>Market structure</term>
<term>Mechoulan</term>
<term>Mechoulan figure</term>
<term>Modelling resistance</term>
<term>Monopolist</term>
<term>Monopolist prices</term>
<term>Monopolistic pricing</term>
<term>Monopoly power</term>
<term>Monopoly price</term>
<term>Monopoly pricing</term>
<term>Natural recovery</term>
<term>Negative externality</term>
<term>Next period</term>
<term>Numerical simulations</term>
<term>Objective function</term>
<term>Optimal choice</term>
<term>Optimal price</term>
<term>Other diseases</term>
<term>Other words</term>
<term>Perfect competition</term>
<term>Pharmaceutical industry</term>
<term>Philipson</term>
<term>Planner</term>
<term>Policy implications</term>
<term>Positive externality</term>
<term>Present value</term>
<term>Prevalence</term>
<term>Prevalence path</term>
<term>Prevalence paths</term>
<term>Price paths</term>
<term>Prices increase</term>
<term>Pricing</term>
<term>Product effectiveness</term>
<term>Public economics</term>
<term>Public policy</term>
<term>Resistance path</term>
<term>Resistant strain</term>
<term>Resistant strains</term>
<term>Resistant types</term>
<term>Simulation</term>
<term>Social planner</term>
<term>Social planning</term>
<term>Solid line</term>
<term>Steady state</term>
<term>Technology assessment</term>
<term>Transmission function</term>
<term>Vaccination</term>
<term>Vaccine</term>
<term>Welfare comparisons</term>
<term>Welfare cost</term>
<term>Welfare difference</term>
<term>Welfare implications</term>
<term>Welfare outcomes</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract. Communicable diseases pose a formidable challenge for public policy. Using numerical simulations, we show under which scenarios a monopolist's price and prevalence paths converge to a non‐zero steady state. In contrast, a planner typically eradicates the disease. If eradication is impossible, the planner subsidizes treatments as long as the prevalence can be controlled. Drug resistance exacerbates the welfare difference between monopoly and first best outcomes. Nevertheless, because the negative externalities from resistance compete with the positive externalities of treatment, a mixed competition/monopoly regime may perform better than competition alone. This result has important implications for the design of many drug patents.</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="es">Les maladies contagieuses posent un défi important à la politique publique. A l'aide de simulations numériques, on montre dans quels scénarios les prix de monopole et le sentier de prévalence tendent à engendrer un régime permanent où la maladie ne disparaît pas. Un planificateur typiquement élimine la maladie. Si l'éradication est impossible, le planificateur subventionne les traitements aussi longtemps que la prévalence peut être contrôlée. La résistance au remède agrandit l'écart de bien‐être entre le cas du monopole et l'optimum. Cependant comme les effets externes négatifs de la résistance au traitement sont en conflit avec les effets externes positifs des traitements, un régime mixte concurrence/monopole peut donner de meilleurs résultats que la seule concurrence. Ce résultat a des implications importantes pour l'élaboration de nombreux brevets pharmaceutiques.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName>
<keywords><teeft><json:string>communicable</json:string>
<json:string>externality</json:string>
<json:string>communicable diseases</json:string>
<json:string>monopolist</json:string>
<json:string>steady state</json:string>
<json:string>mechoulan</json:string>
<json:string>market structure</json:string>
<json:string>drug resistance</json:string>
<json:string>marginal cost</json:string>
<json:string>laxminarayan</json:string>
<json:string>exogenous</json:string>
<json:string>antibiotic</json:string>
<json:string>philipson</json:string>
<json:string>epidemiology</json:string>
<json:string>competitive pricing</json:string>
<json:string>discount factor</json:string>
<json:string>planner</json:string>
<json:string>high values</json:string>
<json:string>present value</json:string>
<json:string>positive externality</json:string>
<json:string>infectious diseases</json:string>
<json:string>negative externality</json:string>
<json:string>vaccine</json:string>
<json:string>monopoly pricing</json:string>
<json:string>mandatory treatment</json:string>
<json:string>antibiotic resistance</json:string>
<json:string>mechoulan figure</json:string>
<json:string>health economics</json:string>
<json:string>intellectual property rights</json:string>
<json:string>other words</json:string>
<json:string>different cases</json:string>
<json:string>prevalence</json:string>
<json:string>monopoly price</json:string>
<json:string>market power</json:string>
<json:string>perfect competition</json:string>
<json:string>price paths</json:string>
<json:string>communicable disease</json:string>
<json:string>social planner</json:string>
<json:string>public economics</json:string>
<json:string>pharmaceutical industry</json:string>
<json:string>monopoly power</json:string>
<json:string>economic epidemiology</json:string>
<json:string>prevalence path</json:string>
<json:string>solid line</json:string>
<json:string>development economics</json:string>
<json:string>initial prevalence</json:string>
<json:string>communicable diseases figure</json:string>
<json:string>competitive price</json:string>
<json:string>resistant types</json:string>
<json:string>eradication</json:string>
<json:string>simulation</json:string>
<json:string>infinite horizon model</json:string>
<json:string>important implications</json:string>
<json:string>transmission function</json:string>
<json:string>natural recovery</json:string>
<json:string>next period</json:string>
<json:string>anonymous referee</json:string>
<json:string>other diseases</json:string>
<json:string>welfare difference</json:string>
<json:string>monopolistic pricing</json:string>
<json:string>economic theory</json:string>
<json:string>disease eradication</json:string>
<json:string>future market</json:string>
<json:string>general case</json:string>
<json:string>objective function</json:string>
<json:string>disease transmission</json:string>
<json:string>different paths</json:string>
<json:string>constant price</json:string>
<json:string>aggressive subsidization strategy</json:string>
<json:string>monopolist prices</json:string>
<json:string>prices increase</json:string>
<json:string>optimal price</json:string>
<json:string>prevalence paths</json:string>
<json:string>heterogeneous agents</json:string>
<json:string>product effectiveness</json:string>
<json:string>welfare comparisons</json:string>
<json:string>numerical simulations</json:string>
<json:string>social planning</json:string>
<json:string>current treatment</json:string>
<json:string>resistant strains</json:string>
<json:string>fitness deficit</json:string>
<json:string>external effects</json:string>
<json:string>modelling resistance</json:string>
<json:string>resistant strain</json:string>
<json:string>main results</json:string>
<json:string>exogenous infection rate</json:string>
<json:string>resistance path</json:string>
<json:string>policy implications</json:string>
<json:string>analytical framework</json:string>
<json:string>welfare outcomes</json:string>
<json:string>technology assessment</json:string>
<json:string>welfare cost</json:string>
<json:string>optimal choice</json:string>
<json:string>initial patent expiration</json:string>
<json:string>certain threshold</json:string>
<json:string>public policy</json:string>
<json:string>welfare implications</json:string>
<json:string>vaccination</json:string>
<json:string>pricing</json:string>
</teeft>
</keywords>
<author><json:item><name>Stéphane Mechoulan</name>
<affiliations><json:string>Department of Economics, University of Toronto</json:string>
</affiliations>
</json:item>
</author>
<subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>I18</value>
</json:item>
<json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string>
</lang>
<value>L12</value>
</json:item>
</subject>
<articleId><json:string>CAJE417</json:string>
</articleId>
<arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S</arkIstex>
<language><json:string>eng</json:string>
</language>
<originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string>
</originalGenre>
<abstract>Abstract. Communicable diseases pose a formidable challenge for public policy. Using numerical simulations, we show under which scenarios a monopolist's price and prevalence paths converge to a non‐zero steady state. In contrast, a planner typically eradicates the disease. If eradication is impossible, the planner subsidizes treatments as long as the prevalence can be controlled. Drug resistance exacerbates the welfare difference between monopoly and first best outcomes. Nevertheless, because the negative externalities from resistance compete with the positive externalities of treatment, a mixed competition/monopoly regime may perform better than competition alone. This result has important implications for the design of many drug patents.</abstract>
<qualityIndicators><score>8.224</score>
<pdfWordCount>7773</pdfWordCount>
<pdfCharCount>44675</pdfCharCount>
<pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion>
<pdfPageCount>25</pdfPageCount>
<pdfPageSize>423 x 648 pts</pdfPageSize>
<pdfWordsPerPage>311</pdfWordsPerPage>
<pdfText>true</pdfText>
<refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative>
<abstractWordCount>102</abstractWordCount>
<abstractCharCount>750</abstractCharCount>
<keywordCount>2</keywordCount>
</qualityIndicators>
<title>Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
<genre><json:string>article</json:string>
</genre>
<host><title>Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique</title>
<language><json:string>unknown</json:string>
</language>
<doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1540-5982</json:string>
</doi>
<issn><json:string>0008-4085</json:string>
</issn>
<eissn><json:string>1540-5982</json:string>
</eissn>
<publisherId><json:string>CAJE</json:string>
</publisherId>
<volume>40</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<pages><first>468</first>
<last>492</last>
<total>25</total>
</pages>
<genre><json:string>journal</json:string>
</genre>
</host>
<namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2007</json:string>
</date>
<geogName></geogName>
<orgName><json:string>Office of Technology Assessment</json:string>
<json:string>Canada / Imprim</json:string>
<json:string>Research and Development</json:string>
<json:string>Health Canada, Waterloo</json:string>
</orgName>
<orgName_funder></orgName_funder>
<orgName_provider></orgName_provider>
<persName><json:string>S. Mechoulan</json:string>
<json:string>John Panzar</json:string>
<json:string>Chris Auld</json:string>
<json:string>Nicolas Sahuguet</json:string>
<json:string>Yossef Spiegel</json:string>
<json:string>Robert McMillan</json:string>
<json:string>The</json:string>
<json:string>Aloysius Siow</json:string>
<json:string>Tomas Philipson</json:string>
<json:string>Charles Mallory</json:string>
<json:string>David Howard</json:string>
<json:string>Dino Gerardi</json:string>
<json:string>Don Dewees</json:string>
<json:string>Mark Stabile</json:string>
<json:string>Matt Turner</json:string>
<json:string>Paul Rubin</json:string>
<json:string>Stuart Levy</json:string>
</persName>
<placeName><json:string>China</json:string>
</placeName>
<ref_url></ref_url>
<ref_bibl><json:string>Levy 1997</json:string>
<json:string>Goldman and Lightwood (2002)</json:string>
<json:string>Brown and Gruben (1997)</json:string>
<json:string>Geoffard and Philipson (1997)</json:string>
<json:string>Barrett and Hoel (2004)</json:string>
<json:string>Laxminarayan and Brown (2001)</json:string>
<json:string>Gersovitz and Hammer (2003)</json:string>
<json:string>Gersovitz and Hammer 2004</json:string>
<json:string>Brown and Layton 1996</json:string>
<json:string>Horowitz and Moehring 2004</json:string>
<json:string>Baumol 1996</json:string>
<json:string>Austin, Kristinson, and Anderson 1999</json:string>
<json:string>Geoffard and Philipson 1997</json:string>
<json:string>Gersovitz and Hammer (2004)</json:string>
<json:string>Cohen 1992</json:string>
<json:string>Fisher-Ellison and Hellerstein (1999)</json:string>
<json:string>Laxminarayan and Weitzman (2002)</json:string>
<json:string>Gersovitz and Hammer (2005)</json:string>
<json:string>Rowthorne and Brown (2002)</json:string>
<json:string>Kessing and Nuscheler (2006)</json:string>
</ref_bibl>
<bibl></bibl>
</unitex>
</namedEntities>
<ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S</json:string>
</ark>
<categories><wos><json:string>1 - social science</json:string>
<json:string>2 - economics</json:string>
</wos>
<scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - economic & social sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - economics & business</json:string>
<json:string>3 - economics</json:string>
</scienceMetrix>
<scopus><json:string>1 - Social Sciences</json:string>
<json:string>2 - Economics, Econometrics and Finance</json:string>
<json:string>3 - Economics and Econometrics</json:string>
</scopus>
<inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string>
<json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string>
<json:string>3 - sciences medicales</json:string>
<json:string>4 - sante publique. hygiene-medecine du travail</json:string>
</inist>
</categories>
<publicationDate>2007</publicationDate>
<copyrightDate>2007</copyrightDate>
<doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00417.x</json:string>
</doi>
<id>8654630AEF9E6D39B289B4322362BF18D5BA1455</id>
<score>1</score>
<fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension>
<original>true</original>
<mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S/fulltext.pdf</uri>
</json:item>
<json:item><extension>zip</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/zip</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S/bundle.zip</uri>
</json:item>
<istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S/fulltext.tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main">Market structure and communicable diseases Structure de marché et maladies contagieuses.</title>
<title level="a" type="short">Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority>
<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher>
<pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2007-05"></date>
</publicationStmt>
<notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note>
<note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note>
</notesStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Market structure and communicable diseases Structure de marché et maladies contagieuses.</title>
<title level="a" type="short">Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
<author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Stéphane</forename>
<surname>Mechoulan</surname>
</persName>
<affiliation><orgName type="division">Department of Economics</orgName>
<orgName type="institution">University of Toronto</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<idno type="istex">8654630AEF9E6D39B289B4322362BF18D5BA1455</idno>
<idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S</idno>
<idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00417.x</idno>
<idno type="unit">CAJE417</idno>
<idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:CAJE.CAJE417.pdf</idno>
</analytic>
<monogr><title level="j" type="main">Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique</title>
<title level="j" type="alt">CANADIAN JOURNAL ECONOMICS/REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIQUE</title>
<idno type="pISSN">0008-4085</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1540-5982</idno>
<idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1540-5982</idno>
<idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/caje.2007.40.issue-2</idno>
<idno type="product">CAJE</idno>
<idno type="publisherDivision">ST</idno>
<imprint><biblScope unit="vol">40</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" from="468">468</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page" to="492">492</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="page-count">25</biblScope>
<publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher>
<pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace>
<date type="published" when="2007-05"></date>
</imprint>
</monogr>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc><schemaRef type="ODD" url="https://xml-schema.delivery.istex.fr/tei-istex.odd"></schemaRef>
<appInfo><application ident="pub2tei" version="1.0.10" when="2019-12-20"><label>pub2TEI-ISTEX</label>
<desc>A set of style sheets for converting XML documents encoded in various scientific publisher formats into a common TEI format.
<ref target="http://www.tei-c.org/">We use TEI</ref>
</desc>
</application>
</appInfo>
</encodingDesc>
<profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><p><hi rend="bold">Abstract. </hi>
Communicable diseases pose a formidable challenge for public policy. Using numerical simulations, we show under which scenarios a monopolist's price and prevalence paths converge to a non‐zero steady state. In contrast, a planner typically eradicates the disease. If eradication is impossible, the planner subsidizes treatments as long as the prevalence can be controlled. Drug resistance exacerbates the welfare difference between monopoly and first best outcomes. Nevertheless, because the negative externalities from resistance compete with the positive externalities of treatment, a mixed competition/monopoly regime may perform better than competition alone. This result has important implications for the design of many drug patents.</p>
</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="es" style="main"><p>Les maladies contagieuses posent un défi important à la politique publique. A l'aide de simulations numériques, on montre dans quels scénarios les prix de monopole et le sentier de prévalence tendent à engendrer un régime permanent où la maladie ne disparaît pas. Un planificateur typiquement élimine la maladie. Si l'éradication est impossible, le planificateur subventionne les traitements aussi longtemps que la prévalence peut être contrôlée. La résistance au remède agrandit l'écart de bien‐être entre le cas du monopole et l'optimum. Cependant comme les effets externes négatifs de la résistance au traitement sont en conflit avec les effets externes positifs des traitements, un régime mixte concurrence/monopole peut donner de meilleurs résultats que la seule concurrence. Ce résultat a des implications importantes pour l'élaboration de nombreux brevets pharmaceutiques.</p>
</abstract>
<textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="k1">I18</term>
<term xml:id="k2">L12</term>
</keywords>
<keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Original Articles</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en"></language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc><change when="2019-12-20" who="#istex" xml:id="pub2tei">formatting</change>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
</istex:fulltextTEI>
<json:item><extension>txt</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>text/plain</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S/fulltext.txt</uri>
</json:item>
</fulltext>
<metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration>
<istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisherName>
<publisherLoc>Malden, USA</publisherLoc>
</publisherInfo>
<doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1540-5982</doi>
<issn type="print">0008-4085</issn>
<issn type="electronic">1540-5982</issn>
<idGroup><id type="product" value="CAJE"></id>
<id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id>
</idGroup>
<titleGroup><title type="main" sort="CANADIAN JOURNAL ECONOMICS/REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIQUE">Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique</title>
</titleGroup>
</publicationMeta>
<publicationMeta level="part" position="05002"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/caje.2007.40.issue-2</doi>
<numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="40">40</numbering>
<numbering type="journalIssue" number="2">2</numbering>
</numberingGroup>
<coverDate startDate="2007-05">May/mai 2007</coverDate>
</publicationMeta>
<publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="6" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00417.x</doi>
<idGroup><id type="unit" value="CAJE417"></id>
</idGroup>
<countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="25"></count>
</countGroup>
<titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Original Articles</title>
</titleGroup>
<eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2007-05-14"></event>
<event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2007-05-14"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.9 mode:FullText" date="2010-06-24"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-01-08"></event>
<event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-15"></event>
</eventGroup>
<numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="468">468</numbering>
<numbering type="pageLast" number="492">492</numbering>
</numberingGroup>
<linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:CAJE.CAJE417.pdf"></link>
</linkGroup>
</publicationMeta>
<contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="10"></count>
<count type="tableTotal" number="0"></count>
<count type="formulaTotal" number="59"></count>
<count type="referenceTotal" number="34"></count>
<count type="linksCrossRef" number="97"></count>
</countGroup>
<titleGroup><title type="main">Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
<title type="shortAuthors">S. Mechoulan</title>
<title type="short"><i>Market structure and communicable diseases</i>
</title>
<title type="main" xml:lang="fr"><!--xml:lang="fr" added by WileyML 3Gv2 convertor--><i>Structure de marché et maladies contagieuses.</i>
</title>
</titleGroup>
<creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Stéphane</givenNames>
<familyName>Mechoulan</familyName>
</personName>
</creator>
</creators>
<affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Economics, University of Toronto</unparsedAffiliation>
</affiliation>
</affiliationGroup>
<keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">I18</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k2">L12</keyword>
</keywordGroup>
<abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Abstract. </b>
Communicable diseases pose a formidable challenge for public policy. Using numerical simulations, we show under which scenarios a monopolist's price and prevalence paths converge to a non‐zero steady state. In contrast, a planner typically eradicates the disease. If eradication is impossible, the planner subsidizes treatments as long as the prevalence can be controlled. Drug resistance exacerbates the welfare difference between monopoly and first best outcomes. Nevertheless, because the negative externalities from resistance compete with the positive externalities of treatment, a mixed competition/monopoly regime may perform better than competition alone. This result has important implications for the design of many drug patents.</p>
</abstract>
<abstract type="main" xml:lang="es"><p>Les maladies contagieuses posent un défi important à la politique publique. A l'aide de simulations numériques, on montre dans quels scénarios les prix de monopole et le sentier de prévalence tendent à engendrer un régime permanent où la maladie ne disparaît pas. Un planificateur typiquement élimine la maladie. Si l'éradication est impossible, le planificateur subventionne les traitements aussi longtemps que la prévalence peut être contrôlée. La résistance au remède agrandit l'écart de bien‐être entre le cas du monopole et l'optimum. Cependant comme les effets externes négatifs de la résistance au traitement sont en conflit avec les effets externes positifs des traitements, un régime mixte concurrence/monopole peut donner de meilleurs résultats que la seule concurrence. Ce résultat a des implications importantes pour l'élaboration de nombreux brevets pharmaceutiques.</p>
</abstract>
</abstractGroup>
</contentMeta>
<noteGroup><note xml:id="n-fnt-1" numbered="no"><p>For helpful comments, suggestions, and discussions I thank Joe Altonji, Chris Auld, Gadi Barlevy, Don Dewees, Gérard Gaudet, Dino Gerardi, David Howard, Morton Kamien, Istvan Konya, Stuart Levy, Charles Mallory, Robert McMillan, John Panzar, Tomas Philipson, Paul Rubin, Nicolas Sahuguet, Aloysius Siow, Yossef Spiegel, Mark Stabile, Matt Turner, seminar participants at Guelph, Queen's, Health Canada, Waterloo, the third IHEA conference and the second CHESG workshop. The reports of two anonymous referees improved an earlier draft considerably. Konstatin Rybakov provided exceptional research assistance. All remaining errors are mine. Email: <email>s.mechoulan@utoronto.ca</email>
</p>
</note>
</noteGroup>
</header>
</component>
</istex:document>
</istex:metadataXml>
<mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo lang="fr"><title>Structure de marché et maladies contagieuses.</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Market structure and communicable diseases</title>
</titleInfo>
<titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="fr"><title>Structure de marché et maladies contagieuses.</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stéphane</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Mechoulan</namePart>
<affiliation>Department of Economics, University of Toronto</affiliation>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
<genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher>
<place><placeTerm type="text">Malden, USA</placeTerm>
</place>
<dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2007-05</dateIssued>
<copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2007</copyrightDate>
</originInfo>
<language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm>
<languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm>
</language>
<physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">10</extent>
<extent unit="tables">0</extent>
<extent unit="formulas">59</extent>
<extent unit="references">34</extent>
<extent unit="linksCrossRef">97</extent>
</physicalDescription>
<abstract lang="en">Abstract. Communicable diseases pose a formidable challenge for public policy. Using numerical simulations, we show under which scenarios a monopolist's price and prevalence paths converge to a non‐zero steady state. In contrast, a planner typically eradicates the disease. If eradication is impossible, the planner subsidizes treatments as long as the prevalence can be controlled. Drug resistance exacerbates the welfare difference between monopoly and first best outcomes. Nevertheless, because the negative externalities from resistance compete with the positive externalities of treatment, a mixed competition/monopoly regime may perform better than competition alone. This result has important implications for the design of many drug patents.</abstract>
<abstract lang="es">Les maladies contagieuses posent un défi important à la politique publique. A l'aide de simulations numériques, on montre dans quels scénarios les prix de monopole et le sentier de prévalence tendent à engendrer un régime permanent où la maladie ne disparaît pas. Un planificateur typiquement élimine la maladie. Si l'éradication est impossible, le planificateur subventionne les traitements aussi longtemps que la prévalence peut être contrôlée. La résistance au remède agrandit l'écart de bien‐être entre le cas du monopole et l'optimum. Cependant comme les effets externes négatifs de la résistance au traitement sont en conflit avec les effets externes positifs des traitements, un régime mixte concurrence/monopole peut donner de meilleurs résultats que la seule concurrence. Ce résultat a des implications importantes pour l'élaboration de nombreux brevets pharmaceutiques.</abstract>
<subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre>
<topic>I18</topic>
<topic>L12</topic>
</subject>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique</title>
</titleInfo>
<genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre>
<identifier type="ISSN">0008-4085</identifier>
<identifier type="eISSN">1540-5982</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1540-5982</identifier>
<identifier type="PublisherID">CAJE</identifier>
<part><date>2007</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>40</number>
</detail>
<detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption>
<number>2</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>468</start>
<end>492</end>
<total>25</total>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit1"><titleInfo><title>Choices, beliefs, and infectious disease dynamics</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Chris</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Auld</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Auld, Chris (2003) ‘Choices, beliefs, and infectious disease dynamics,’ Journal of Health Economics 22, 361–377</note>
<part><date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>22</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>361</start>
<end>377</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Health Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>22</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>361</start>
<end>377</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit2"><titleInfo><title>The relationship between the volume of antimicrobial consumption in human communities and the frequency of resistance</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J. Daren</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Austin</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Karl G.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kristinson</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Roy M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Anderson</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Austin, J. Daren, Karl G. Kristinson, and Roy M. Anderson, (1999) ‘The relationship between the volume of antimicrobial consumption in human communities and the frequency of resistance,’ PNAS 96, 1152–1156</note>
<part><date>1999</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>96</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1152</start>
<end>1156</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>PNAS</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1999</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>96</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1152</start>
<end>1156</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit3"><titleInfo><title>Antibiotics, overuse and other threats</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J. William</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Baumol</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Baumol, J. William (1996) ‘Antibiotics, overuse and other threats,’ Environment and Development Economics 1, 346–49</note>
<part><date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>346</start>
<end>49</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Environment and Development Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>346</start>
<end>49</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit4"><titleInfo><title>Global disease eradication</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Scott</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Barrett</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Barrett, Scott (2003) ‘Global disease eradication,’ Journal of the European Economic Association 1, 591–600</note>
<part><date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>591</start>
<end>600</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of the European Economic Association</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>591</start>
<end>600</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit5"><titleInfo><title>Optimal Disease Eradication</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Scott</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Barrett</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Michael</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hoel</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>other</genre>
<part><date>2004</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit6"><titleInfo><title>Externalities and compulsory vaccinations</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L. Dagobert</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brito</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Eytan</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Sheshinski</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Michael D.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Intriligator</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Brito, L. Dagobert, Eytan Sheshinski, and Michael D. Intriligator (1991) ‘Externalities and compulsory vaccinations,’ Journal of Public Economics 45, 69–90</note>
<part><date>1991</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>45</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>69</start>
<end>90</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Public Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1991</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>45</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>69</start>
<end>90</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit7"><titleInfo><title>Resistance economics: social cost and the evolution of antibiotic resistance</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M. Gardner</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brown</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">David F.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Layton</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Brown, M. Gardner, and David F. Layton (1996) ‘Resistance economics: social cost and the evolution of antibiotic resistance,’ Environment and Development Economics 1, 349–355</note>
<part><date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>349</start>
<end>355</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Environment and Development Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>349</start>
<end>355</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit8"><titleInfo><title>Intellectual property rights and products effectiveness</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.A. Stephen</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brown</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">William C.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gruben</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Brown, P.A. Stephen, and William C. Gruben (1997) ‘Intellectual property rights and products effectiveness,’ Federal Bank of Dallas Economic Review 4, 15–20</note>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>4</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>15</start>
<end>20</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Federal Bank of Dallas Economic Review</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>4</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>15</start>
<end>20</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit9"><titleInfo><title>Epidemiology of drug resistance: implications for a post‐antimicrobial era</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L. Mitchell</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Cohen</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Cohen, L. Mitchell (1992) ‘Epidemiology of drug resistance: implications for a post‐antimicrobial era,’ Science 257, 1050–1055</note>
<part><date>1992</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>257</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1050</start>
<end>1055</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Science</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1992</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>257</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1050</start>
<end>1055</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit10"><titleInfo><title>Impacts of development and global change on the epidemiological environment</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C. Gretchen</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Daily</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Paul R.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ehrlich</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Daily, C. Gretchen, and Paul R. Ehrlich (1996) ‘Impacts of development and global change on the epidemiological environment,’ Environment and Development Economics 1, 311–346</note>
<part><date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>311</start>
<end>346</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Environment and Development Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1996</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>1</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>311</start>
<end>346</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit11"><titleInfo><title>The “sleeper” issue in medicine</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P. Darrel</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Doessel</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Doessel, P. Darrel (1998) ‘The “sleeper” issue in medicine,’ International Journal of Social Economics 25, 956–67</note>
<part><date>1998</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>25</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>956</start>
<end>67</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>International Journal of Social Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1998</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>25</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>956</start>
<end>67</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit12"><titleInfo><title>Fisher, A. Jeffrey (1994) ‘The Plague Makers: How We Are Creating Catastrophic New Epidemics and What We Must Do to Avert Them’ ( New York : Simon & Schuster)</title>
</titleInfo>
<note type="citation/reference">Fisher, A. Jeffrey (1994) ‘The Plague Makers: How We Are Creating Catastrophic New Epidemics and What We Must Do to Avert Them’ ( New York : Simon & Schuster)</note>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A. Jeffrey</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Fisher</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book</genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Simon & Schuster</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>1994</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit13"><titleInfo><title>Fisher Ellison, Sara, and Judith K. Hellerstein (1999) The Economics of antibiotics: An Exploratory Study in Measuring the Prices of Medical Treatments, ed. J. Triplett ( Washington , DC : Brookings Institution)</title>
</titleInfo>
<note type="citation/reference">Fisher Ellison, Sara, and Judith K. Hellerstein (1999) The Economics of antibiotics: An Exploratory Study in Measuring the Prices of Medical Treatments, ed. J. Triplett ( Washington , DC : Brookings Institution)</note>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sara</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Fisher Ellison</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Judith K.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hellerstein</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Triplett</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book</genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Brookings Institution</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>1999</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit14"><titleInfo><title>Dynamic epidemiology and the market for vaccination</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J. Peter</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Francis</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Francis, J. Peter (1997) ‘Dynamic epidemiology and the market for vaccination,’ Journal of Public Economics 63, 383–406</note>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>63</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>383</start>
<end>406</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Public Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>63</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>383</start>
<end>406</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit15"><titleInfo><title>Disease eradication: private versus public vaccination</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Pierre‐Yves</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Geoffard</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Tomas J.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Philipson</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Geoffard, Pierre‐Yves, and Tomas J. Philipson (1997) ‘Disease eradication: private versus public vaccination,’ American Economic Review 87, 222–30</note>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>87</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>222</start>
<end>30</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>American Economic Review</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>87</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>222</start>
<end>30</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit16"><titleInfo><title>Infectious diseases, public policy, and the marriage of economics and epidemiology</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mark</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gersovitz</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jeffrey S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hammer</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Gersovitz, Mark, and Jeffrey S. Hammer (2003) ‘Infectious diseases, public policy, and the marriage of economics and epidemiology,’ World Bank Research Observer 18, 129–157</note>
<part><date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>18</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>129</start>
<end>157</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>World Bank Research Observer</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2003</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>18</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>129</start>
<end>157</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit17"><titleInfo><title>The economical control of infectious diseases</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mark</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gersovitz</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jeffrey S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hammer</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Gersovitz, Mark, and Jeffrey S. Hammer (2004) ‘The economical control of infectious diseases,’ Economic Journal 114, 1–27</note>
<part><date>2004</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>114</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1</start>
<end>27</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Economic Journal</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2004</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>114</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1</start>
<end>27</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit18"><titleInfo><title>Tax/subsidy policies toward vector‐borne infectious diseases</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mark</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Gersovitz</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jeffrey S.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Hammer</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Gersovitz, Mark, and Jeffrey S. Hammer (2005) ‘Tax/subsidy policies toward vector‐borne infectious diseases,’ Journal of Public Economics 89, 647–674</note>
<part><date>2005</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>89</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>647</start>
<end>674</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Public Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2005</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>89</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>647</start>
<end>674</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit19"><titleInfo><title>Cost optimization in the SIS model of infectious disease with treatment</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M. Steven</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Goldman</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">James</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Lightwood</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Goldman, M. Steven, and James Lightwood (2002) ‘Cost optimization in the SIS model of infectious disease with treatment,’ Topics in Economic Analysis and Policy 2, Article 4.</note>
<part><date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>2</number>
</detail>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Topics in Economic Analysis and Policy</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>2</number>
</detail>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit20"><titleInfo><title>How property rights and patents affect antibiotic resistance</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">B. John</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Horowitz</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Brian H.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Moehring</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Horowitz, B. John, and Brian H. Moehring (2004) ‘How property rights and patents affect antibiotic resistance,’ Health Economics 13, 575–583</note>
<part><date>2004</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>13</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>575</start>
<end>583</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Health Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2004</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>13</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>575</start>
<end>583</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit21"><titleInfo><title>Intriligator, Michael (1971) Mathematical Optimization and Economic Theory. ( Englewood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice Hall)</title>
</titleInfo>
<note type="citation/reference">Intriligator, Michael (1971) Mathematical Optimization and Economic Theory. ( Englewood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice Hall)</note>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Michael</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Intriligator</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book</genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Prentice Hall</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>1971</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit22"><titleInfo><title>Monopoly pricing with negative network effects: the case of vaccines</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sebastian</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kessing</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Nuscheler</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Kessing, Sebastian, and Robert Nuscheler (2006) ‘Monopoly pricing with negative network effects: the case of vaccines,’ European Economic Review 50, 1061–9</note>
<part><date>2006</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>50</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1061</start>
<end>9</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>European Economic Review</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2006</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>50</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1061</start>
<end>9</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit23"><titleInfo><title>Research and development in the pharmaceutical industry: the impact of drug resistancePhD thesis</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D. Joseph</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Kile</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>other</genre>
<part><date>1989</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit24"><titleInfo><title>How broad should the scope of antibiotics patents be?</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ramaman</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Laxminarayan</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Laxminarayan, Ramaman (2002) ‘How broad should the scope of antibiotics patents be? American Journal of Agricultural Economics 84, 1287–92</note>
<part><date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>84</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1287</start>
<end>92</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>American Journal of Agricultural Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>84</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>1287</start>
<end>92</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit25"><titleInfo><title>Economics of antibiotics resistance: A theory of optimal use</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ramanan</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Laxminarayan</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gardner M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brown</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Laxminarayan, Ramanan, and Gardner M. Brown (2001) ‘Economics of antibiotics resistance: A theory of optimal use,’ Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 42, 183–206</note>
<part><date>2001</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>42</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>183</start>
<end>206</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Environmental Economics and Management</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2001</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>42</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>183</start>
<end>206</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit26"><titleInfo><title>On the implications of endogenous resistance to medications</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ramaman</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Laxminarayan</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Martin L.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Weitzman</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Laxminarayan, Ramaman, and Martin L. Weitzman (2002) ‘On the implications of endogenous resistance to medications,’ Journal of Health Economics 21, 709–718</note>
<part><date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>21</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>709</start>
<end>718</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Health Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>2002</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>21</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>709</start>
<end>718</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit27"><titleInfo><title>Levy, B. Stuart (1992) The Antibiotic paradox: How Miracle Drugs are Destroying the Miracle ( New York : Plenum Press)</title>
</titleInfo>
<note type="citation/reference">Levy, B. Stuart (1992) The Antibiotic paradox: How Miracle Drugs are Destroying the Miracle ( New York : Plenum Press)</note>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">B. Stuart</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Levy</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book</genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Plenum Press</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>1992</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit28"><titleInfo><title>Antibiotic resistance: an ecological imbalance</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">B. Stuart</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Levy</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book-chapter</genre>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Antibiotic Resistance: Origins, Evolution, Selection, and Spread</title>
</titleInfo>
<originInfo><publisher>J. Wiley</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>1997</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit29"><titleInfo><title>Economics and biological evolution</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alistair</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Munro</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Munro, Alistair (1997) ‘Economics and biological evolution,’ Environment andResource Economics 9, 429–449</note>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>9</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>429</start>
<end>449</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Environment andResource Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1997</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>9</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>429</start>
<end>449</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit30"><titleInfo><title>Office of Technology Assessment (1995) ‘Impact of Antibiotic‐resistant Bacteria: A Report to the U.S. Congress,’ Washington , DC : Government Printing Office.</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="corporate"><namePart>Office of Technology Assessment</namePart>
</name>
<note type="citation/reference">Office of Technology Assessment (1995) ‘Impact of Antibiotic‐resistant Bacteria: A Report to the U.S. Congress,’ Washington , DC : Government Printing Office.</note>
<genre>book</genre>
<originInfo><publisher>Government Printing Office</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>1995</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit31"><titleInfo><title>Bug/drug resistance: Sometimes less is more</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">E. Charles</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Phelps</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Phelps, E. Charles (1989) ‘Bug/drug resistance: Sometimes less is more,’ Medical Care 27, 194–203</note>
<part><date>1989</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>27</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>194</start>
<end>203</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Medical Care</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1989</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>27</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>194</start>
<end>203</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit32"><titleInfo><title>Economic epidemiology and infectious diseases</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J. Tomas</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Philipson</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book-chapter</genre>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Handbook of Health Economics</title>
</titleInfo>
<originInfo><publisher>Elsevier Science</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>2000</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit33"><titleInfo><title>Using antibiotics when resistance is renewable</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Rowthorne</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gardner M.</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Brown</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>book-chapter</genre>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Battling Resistance to Antibiotics and Pesticides: An Economic Approach</title>
</titleInfo>
<originInfo><publisher>Resources for the Future Press</publisher>
</originInfo>
<part><date>2002</date>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<relatedItem type="references" displayLabel="cit34"><titleInfo><title>Exploitation of techniques that decline in effectiveness with use</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Clem</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Tisdell</namePart>
<role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<genre>journal-article</genre>
<note type="citation/reference">Tisdell, Clem (1982) ‘Exploitation of techniques that decline in effectiveness with use,’ Public Finance/Finance Publiques 37, 428–37</note>
<part><date>1982</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>37</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>428</start>
<end>37</end>
</extent>
</part>
<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Public Finance/Finance Publiques</title>
</titleInfo>
<part><date>1982</date>
<detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption>
<number>37</number>
</detail>
<extent unit="pages"><start>428</start>
<end>37</end>
</extent>
</part>
</relatedItem>
</relatedItem>
<identifier type="istex">8654630AEF9E6D39B289B4322362BF18D5BA1455</identifier>
<identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S</identifier>
<identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00417.x</identifier>
<identifier type="ArticleID">CAJE417</identifier>
<accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© Wiley. All rights reserved.</accessCondition>
<recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-L0C46X92-X">wiley</recordContentSource>
<recordOrigin>Converted from (version ) to MODS version 3.6.</recordOrigin>
<recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2019-11-14</recordCreationDate>
</recordInfo>
</mods>
<json:item><extension>json</extension>
<original>false</original>
<mimetype>application/json</mimetype>
<uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-N178LT1P-S/record.json</uri>
</json:item>
</metadata>
<serie></serie>
</istex>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001B62 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001B62 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= SrasV1 |flux= Istex |étape= Corpus |type= RBID |clé= ISTEX:8654630AEF9E6D39B289B4322362BF18D5BA1455 |texte= Market structure and communicable diseases }}
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. | ![]() |