The experience of the 2003 SARS outbreak as a traumatic stress among frontline healthcare workers in Toronto: lessons learned
Identifieur interne : 001060 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001059; suivant : 001061The experience of the 2003 SARS outbreak as a traumatic stress among frontline healthcare workers in Toronto: lessons learned
Auteurs : Robert Maunder ; Robert MaunderSource :
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences [ 0962-8436 ] ; 2004.
Abstract
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the first half of 2003 in Canada was unprecedented in several respects. Understanding the psychological impact of the outbreak on healthcare workers, especially those in hospitals, is important in planning for future outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. This review draws upon qualitative and quantitative studies of the SARS outbreak in Toronto to outline the factors that contributed to healthcare workers' experiencing the outbreak as a psychological trauma. Overall, it is estimated that a high degree of distress was experienced by 2935% of hospital workers. Three categories of contributory factors were identified. Relevant contextual factors were being a nurse, having contact with SARS patients and having children. Contributing attitudinal factors and processes were experiencing job stress, perceiving stigmatization, coping by avoiding crowds and colleagues, and feeling scrutinized. Preexisting trait factors also contributed to vulnerability. Lessons learned from the outbreak include: (i) that effort is required to mitigate the psychological impact of infection control procedures, especially the interpersonal isolation that these procedures promote; (ii) that effective risk communication is a priority early in an outbreak; (iii) that healthcare workers may have a role in influencing patterns of media coverage that increase or decrease morale; (iv) that healthcare workers benefit from resources that facilitate reflection on the effects of extraordinary stressors; and (v) that healthcare workers benefit from practical interventions that demonstrate tangible support from institutions.
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DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2004.1483
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A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Weiss</namePart><affiliation>Integrated Medicine Project, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada (</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: rmaunder@mtsinai.on.ca</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">editor</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert</namePart><namePart type="family">Maunder</namePart><affiliation>Integrated Medicine Project, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada (rmaunder@mtsinai.on.ca)</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: rmaunder@mtsinai.on.ca</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert</namePart><namePart type="family">Maunder</namePart><affiliation>Integrated Medicine Project, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada (rmaunder@mtsinai.on.ca)</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="research-article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>The Royal Society</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2004-07-29</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2004</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the first half of 2003 in Canada was unprecedented in several respects. Understanding the psychological impact of the outbreak on healthcare workers, especially those in hospitals, is important in planning for future outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. This review draws upon qualitative and quantitative studies of the SARS outbreak in Toronto to outline the factors that contributed to healthcare workers' experiencing the outbreak as a psychological trauma. Overall, it is estimated that a high degree of distress was experienced by 2935% of hospital workers. Three categories of contributory factors were identified. Relevant contextual factors were being a nurse, having contact with SARS patients and having children. Contributing attitudinal factors and processes were experiencing job stress, perceiving stigmatization, coping by avoiding crowds and colleagues, and feeling scrutinized. Preexisting trait factors also contributed to vulnerability. Lessons learned from the outbreak include: (i) that effort is required to mitigate the psychological impact of infection control procedures, especially the interpersonal isolation that these procedures promote; (ii) that effective risk communication is a priority early in an outbreak; (iii) that healthcare workers may have a role in influencing patterns of media coverage that increase or decrease morale; (iv) that healthcare workers benefit from resources that facilitate reflection on the effects of extraordinary stressors; and (v) that healthcare workers benefit from practical interventions that demonstrate tangible support from institutions.</abstract><subject><topic>SARS</topic><topic>psychological stress</topic><topic>healthcare workers</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0962-8436</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">royptb</identifier><part><date>2004</date><detail type="title"><title>Discussion Meeting Issue Emerging infections: what have we learnt from SARS? organized by R. M. May, A. R. McLean, J. Pattison and R. A. Weiss</title></detail><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>359</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1447</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1117</start><end>1125</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">5323F76E801D94539A39BB3265269DA26AC3B4B7</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/V84-4GLC5SC7-B</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1098/rstb.2004.1483</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© Royal Society of London. All rights reserved.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-W19DTZ70-2">RSL</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Converted from (version 1.2.10) to MODS version 3.6.</recordOrigin><recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2020-04-03</recordCreationDate></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/V84-4GLC5SC7-B/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata><annexes><json:item><extension>jpeg</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>image/jpeg</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/V84-4GLC5SC7-B/annexes.jpeg</uri></json:item></annexes><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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