Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections
Identifieur interne : 000210 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000209; suivant : 000211Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections
Auteurs : Lisa E. Gralinski ; Ralph S. BaricSource :
- The Journal of Pathology [ 0022-3417 ] ; 2015-01.
Abstract
Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life‐threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment in vitro, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection. © 2014 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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DOI: 10.1002/path.4454
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E‐mail: <email>rbaric@email.unc.ed</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:PATH.PATH4454.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><titleGroup><title type="main">Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</title><title type="short">Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</title><title type="shortAuthors"><fc>LE</fc> Gralinski and <fc>RS</fc> Baric</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="path4454-cr-0001" affiliationRef="#path4454-aff-0001"><personName><givenNames>Lisa E</givenNames>
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<familyName>Baric</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup xml:id="path4454-affgp-0001"><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="path4454-aff-0001"><orgDiv>Department of Epidemiology</orgDiv><orgName>University of North Carolina</orgName><address><city>Chapel Hill</city><countryPart>NC</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="path4454-aff-0002"><orgDiv>Department of Microbiology and Immunology</orgDiv><orgName>University of North Carolina</orgName><address><city>Chapel Hill</city><countryPart>NC</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="path4454-kwd-0001"><fc>SARS‐CoV</fc></keyword><keyword xml:id="path4454-kwd-0002"><fc>MERS‐CoV</fc></keyword><keyword xml:id="path4454-kwd-0003">coronavirus</keyword><keyword xml:id="path4454-kwd-0004">acute respiratory distress syndrome</keyword><keyword xml:id="path4454-kwd-0005"><fc>ARDS</fc></keyword><keyword xml:id="path4454-kwd-0006">acute lung injury</keyword><keyword xml:id="path4454-kwd-0007">type <fc>II</fc> pneumocytes</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:id="path4454-abs-0001"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p xml:id="path4454-para-0001">Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life‐threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (<fc>ALI</fc>) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (<fc>ARDS</fc>). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (<fc>SARS</fc>) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (<fc>MERS</fc>) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment <fi>in vitro</fi>, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection. © 2014 The Authors. <fi>The Journal of Pathology</fi> published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup xml:id="path4454-ntgp-0001"><note xml:id="path4454-note-0001" numbered="no">No conflicts of interest were declared.</note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Molecular pathology of emerging coronavirus infections</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Lisa E</namePart><namePart type="family">Gralinski</namePart><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, NC, Chapel Hill, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ralph S</namePart><namePart type="family">Baric</namePart><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, NC, Chapel Hill, USA</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: rbaric@email.unc.ed</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="review-article" displayLabel="reviewArticle" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-L5L7X3NF-P">review-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Chichester, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2015-01</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2014-10-11</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2014-09-18</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2014-09-25</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2015</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>Respiratory viruses can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases, ranging from mild, upper respiratory tract infections to severe and life‐threatening lower respiratory tract infections, including the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Viral clearance and subsequent recovery from infection require activation of an effective host immune response; however, many immune effector cells may also cause injury to host tissues. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus cause severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, with 10% and 35% overall mortality rates, respectively; however, >50% mortality rates are seen in the aged and immunosuppressed populations. While these viruses are susceptible to interferon treatment in vitro, they both encode numerous genes that allow for successful evasion of the host immune system until after high virus titres have been achieved. In this review, we discuss the importance of the innate immune response and the development of lung pathology following human coronavirus infection. © 2014 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>SARS‐CoV</topic><topic>MERS‐CoV</topic><topic>coronavirus</topic><topic>acute respiratory distress syndrome</topic><topic>ARDS</topic><topic>acute lung injury</topic><topic>type II pneumocytes</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>The Journal of Pathology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. 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