Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: target, mechanism of action, and therapeutic potential
Identifieur interne : 000567 ( Istex/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000566; suivant : 000568Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: target, mechanism of action, and therapeutic potential
Auteurs : Melissa M. Coughlin [États-Unis] ; Bellur S. Prabhakar [États-Unis]Source :
- Reviews in Medical Virology [ 1052-9276 ] ; 2012-01.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Ace2, Amino, Amino acids, Basic residues, Biological chemistry, Chain genes, Chimeric, Convalescent, Convalescent patients, Copyright, Corona, Coronavirus, Covs, Epitope, Glycoprotein, Hmab, Hmabs, Human neutralizing mabs, Humanized, Igg2, Immunoglobulin, Immunology, Infectious diseases, John wiley sons, Mabs, Monoclonal, Monoclonal antibodies, Mouse, Mutant, National academy, Neutralization, Neutralizing, Neutralizing hmabs, Outbreak, Palm civet, Passive immunotherapy, Peptide, Phage display, Prabhakar, Pseudotyped, Pseudotyped virus, Putative fusion peptide, Receptor, Receptor binding, Receptor binding domain, Receptor binding motif, Respiratory syndrome, Respiratory syndrome corona, Respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Sars, Sars coronavirus, Sars patients, Scfv, Scfv libraries, Spike, Spike protein, Syndrome, Syndrome coronavirus, Transgenic, Transgenic mice, Transgenic mouse, Vaccine, Viral, Viral entry, Viral titers, Virol, Virology, Virus, Wide range, Xenomousew.
Abstract
The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) led to a rapid response not only to contain the outbreak but also to identify possible therapeutic interventions, including the generation of human monoclonal antibodies (hmAbs). hmAbs may be used therapeutically without the drawbacks of chimeric or animal Abs. Several different methods have been used to generate SARS‐CoV specific neutralizing hmAbs including the immunization of transgenic mice, cloning of small chain variable regions from naïve and convalescent patients, and the immortalization of convalescent B cells. Irrespective of the techniques used, the majority of hmAbs specifically reacted with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein and likely prevented receptor binding. However, several hmAbs that can bind to epitopes either within the RBD, located N terminal of the RBD or in the S2 domain, and neutralize the virus with or without inhibiting receptor binding have been identified. Therapeutic utility of hmAbs has been further elucidated through the identification of potential combinations of hmAbs that could neutralize viral variants including escape mutants selected using hmAbs. These results suggest that a cocktail of hmAbs that can bind to unique epitopes and have different mechanisms of action might be of clinical utility against SARS‐CoV infection, and indicate that a similar approach may be applied to treat other viral infections. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.706
Affiliations:
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<front><div type="abstract">The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) led to a rapid response not only to contain the outbreak but also to identify possible therapeutic interventions, including the generation of human monoclonal antibodies (hmAbs). hmAbs may be used therapeutically without the drawbacks of chimeric or animal Abs. Several different methods have been used to generate SARS‐CoV specific neutralizing hmAbs including the immunization of transgenic mice, cloning of small chain variable regions from naïve and convalescent patients, and the immortalization of convalescent B cells. Irrespective of the techniques used, the majority of hmAbs specifically reacted with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein and likely prevented receptor binding. However, several hmAbs that can bind to epitopes either within the RBD, located N terminal of the RBD or in the S2 domain, and neutralize the virus with or without inhibiting receptor binding have been identified. Therapeutic utility of hmAbs has been further elucidated through the identification of potential combinations of hmAbs that could neutralize viral variants including escape mutants selected using hmAbs. These results suggest that a cocktail of hmAbs that can bind to unique epitopes and have different mechanisms of action might be of clinical utility against SARS‐CoV infection, and indicate that a similar approach may be applied to treat other viral infections. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</div>
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