Potential use of ports as alternative nursery habitats by coastal marine fishes : Insights from Diplodus species in the Northwestern Mediterranean
Identifieur interne : 000121 ( Hal/Curation ); précédent : 000120; suivant : 000122Potential use of ports as alternative nursery habitats by coastal marine fishes : Insights from Diplodus species in the Northwestern Mediterranean
Auteurs : Marc Bouchoucha [France]Source :
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Abstract
During their life cycle, most of the marine coastal fish species use nursery grounds which quality influence their recruitment and then the conservation of their populations. However, the construction of ports impair irremediably fish nursery function of the coastal areas impacted. The ultimate aim of the PhD research was to assess if ports could provide suitable alternative nursery habitats for coastal fish species. Firstly, abundances of the juveniles of four Diplodus species were surveyed in five marinas located along the French Mediterranean coast. This showed that coastal fishes can successfully settle and grow inside these artificialized coastal areas. Moreover, increasing the complexity of port habitats can considerably enhance their suitability for juveniles, especially at the youngest stages. Secondly, body condition, growth rate and metal contamination in the juveniles of two Diplodus species (D. sargus and D. vulgaris) were compared between different ports and natural areas in the Bay of Toulon. Juvenile growth and condition can be equivalent between fish collected from ports and from adjacent natural areas. Contamination levels in fish were low, even in highly polluted areas. Finally, otolith composition in the juveniles of D. sargus and D. vulgaris was investigated in three ports and two natural areas in the Bay of Toulon. None of the port related had systematically higher concentrations in otoliths from Diplodus juveniles collected in ports. Therefore, otolith microchemistry cannot provide a unique and reliable fingerprint discriminating ports and natural areas. Nevertheless, otolith microchemistry could provide an effective natural tag to determine the contribution of ports to adult stocks provided that a library of all potential juvenile habitat fingerprints is established. All these results confirm that ports can be used as alternative nursery habitats by marine coastal fishes. Ecological engineering projects aiming at increasing structural complexity of port habitats seem promising for biodiversity and fish stock conservation.
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However, the construction of ports impair irremediably fish nursery function of the coastal areas impacted. The ultimate aim of the PhD research was to assess if ports could provide suitable alternative nursery habitats for coastal fish species. Firstly, abundances of the juveniles of four Diplodus species were surveyed in five marinas located along the French Mediterranean coast. This showed that coastal fishes can successfully settle and grow inside these artificialized coastal areas. Moreover, increasing the complexity of port habitats can considerably enhance their suitability for juveniles, especially at the youngest stages. Secondly, body condition, growth rate and metal contamination in the juveniles of two Diplodus species (D. sargus and D. vulgaris) were compared between different ports and natural areas in the Bay of Toulon. Juvenile growth and condition can be equivalent between fish collected from ports and from adjacent natural areas. Contamination levels in fish were low, even in highly polluted areas. Finally, otolith composition in the juveniles of D. sargus and D. vulgaris was investigated in three ports and two natural areas in the Bay of Toulon. None of the port related had systematically higher concentrations in otoliths from Diplodus juveniles collected in ports. Therefore, otolith microchemistry cannot provide a unique and reliable fingerprint discriminating ports and natural areas. Nevertheless, otolith microchemistry could provide an effective natural tag to determine the contribution of ports to adult stocks provided that a library of all potential juvenile habitat fingerprints is established. All these results confirm that ports can be used as alternative nursery habitats by marine coastal fishes. Ecological engineering projects aiming at increasing structural complexity of port habitats seem promising for biodiversity and fish stock conservation.</p> </div></front></TEI><hal api="V3"> <titleStmt> <title xml:lang="en">Potential use of ports as alternative nursery habitats by coastal marine fishes : Insights from Diplodus species in the Northwestern Mediterranean</title> <title xml:lang="fr">Les zones portuaires peuvent-elles servir de nourriceries alternatives pour les poissons marins côtiers ? : cas des sars en Méditerranée Nord-occidentale</title> <author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Marc</forename> <surname>Bouchoucha</surname> </persName> <idno type="halauthorid">503192</idno> <affiliation ref="#struct-251578"></affiliation> </author> <editor role="depositor"> <persName> <forename>ABES</forename> <surname>STAR</surname> </persName> <email type="md5">f5aa7f563b02bb6adbba7496989af39a</email> <email type="domain">abes.fr</email> </editor> </titleStmt> <editionStmt> <edition n="v1" type="current"> <date type="whenSubmitted">2018-02-15 15:08:18</date> <date type="whenModified">2018-02-16 01:13:38</date> <date type="whenReleased">2018-02-15 15:08:20</date> <date type="whenProduced">2017-12-13</date> <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2018-02-15</date> <ref type="file" target="https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01710018/document"> <date notBefore="2018-02-15"></date> </ref> <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01710018/file/these_Bouchoucha_2017.pdf"> <date notBefore="2018-02-15"></date> </ref> </edition> <respStmt> <resp>contributor</resp> <name key="131274"> <persName> <forename>ABES</forename> <surname>STAR</surname> </persName> <email type="md5">f5aa7f563b02bb6adbba7496989af39a</email> <email type="domain">abes.fr</email> </name> </respStmt> </editionStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>CCSD</distributor> <idno type="halId">tel-01710018</idno> <idno type="halUri">https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01710018</idno> <idno type="halBibtex">bouchoucha:tel-01710018</idno> <idno type="halRefHtml">Océan, Atmosphère. Université de Perpignan, 2017. Français. ⟨NNT : 2017PERP0046⟩</idno> <idno type="halRef">Océan, Atmosphère. Université de Perpignan, 2017. Français. ⟨NNT : 2017PERP0046⟩</idno> </publicationStmt> <seriesStmt> <idno type="stamp" n="STAR">STAR - Dépôt national des thèses électroniques</idno> <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno> <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-PERP">Université de Perpignan Via Domitia</idno> <idno type="stamp" n="AGROPOLIS">Agropolis</idno> <idno type="stamp" n="GIP-BE">GIP Bretagne Environnement</idno> <idno type="stamp" n="CEFREM">Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens</idno> </seriesStmt> <notesStmt></notesStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <analytic> <title xml:lang="en">Potential use of ports as alternative nursery habitats by coastal marine fishes : Insights from Diplodus species in the Northwestern Mediterranean</title> <title xml:lang="fr">Les zones portuaires peuvent-elles servir de nourriceries alternatives pour les poissons marins côtiers ? : cas des sars en Méditerranée Nord-occidentale</title> <author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Marc</forename> <surname>Bouchoucha</surname> </persName> <idno type="halauthorid">503192</idno> <affiliation ref="#struct-251578"></affiliation> </author> </analytic> <monogr> <idno type="nnt">2017PERP0046</idno> <imprint> <date type="dateDefended">2017-12-13</date> </imprint> <authority type="institution">Université de Perpignan</authority> <authority type="school">École doctorale Énergie environnement (Perpignan)</authority> <authority type="supervisor">Philippe Lenfant</authority> <authority type="supervisor">Audrey Darnaude</authority> <authority type="jury">Rachid Amara [Rapporteur]</authority> <authority type="jury">Pierre Cresson [Rapporteur]</authority> <authority type="jury">Jacques Panfili</authority> <authority type="jury">Sandrine Vaz</authority> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> <profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> </langUsage> <textClass> <keywords scheme="author"> <term xml:lang="en">Coastal area</term> <term xml:lang="en">Nursery</term> <term xml:lang="en">Artificial habitats</term> <term xml:lang="en">Ecological restoration</term> <term xml:lang="en">Fish</term> <term xml:lang="fr">Zone côtière</term> <term xml:lang="fr">Nourricerie</term> <term xml:lang="fr">Habitats artificiels</term> <term xml:lang="fr">Restauration écologique</term> <term xml:lang="fr">Poissons</term> </keywords> <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdu.ocean">Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere</classCode> <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="THESE">Theses</classCode> </textClass> <abstract xml:lang="en"> <p>During their life cycle, most of the marine coastal fish species use nursery grounds which quality influence their recruitment and then the conservation of their populations. However, the construction of ports impair irremediably fish nursery function of the coastal areas impacted. The ultimate aim of the PhD research was to assess if ports could provide suitable alternative nursery habitats for coastal fish species. Firstly, abundances of the juveniles of four Diplodus species were surveyed in five marinas located along the French Mediterranean coast. This showed that coastal fishes can successfully settle and grow inside these artificialized coastal areas. Moreover, increasing the complexity of port habitats can considerably enhance their suitability for juveniles, especially at the youngest stages. Secondly, body condition, growth rate and metal contamination in the juveniles of two Diplodus species (D. sargus and D. vulgaris) were compared between different ports and natural areas in the Bay of Toulon. Juvenile growth and condition can be equivalent between fish collected from ports and from adjacent natural areas. Contamination levels in fish were low, even in highly polluted areas. Finally, otolith composition in the juveniles of D. sargus and D. vulgaris was investigated in three ports and two natural areas in the Bay of Toulon. None of the port related had systematically higher concentrations in otoliths from Diplodus juveniles collected in ports. Therefore, otolith microchemistry cannot provide a unique and reliable fingerprint discriminating ports and natural areas. Nevertheless, otolith microchemistry could provide an effective natural tag to determine the contribution of ports to adult stocks provided that a library of all potential juvenile habitat fingerprints is established. All these results confirm that ports can be used as alternative nursery habitats by marine coastal fishes. Ecological engineering projects aiming at increasing structural complexity of port habitats seem promising for biodiversity and fish stock conservation.</p> </abstract> <abstract xml:lang="fr"> <p>Au cours de leur cycle de vie, la plupart des espèces de poissons marins côtiers passent par des nourriceries littorales dont la qualité influence largement le succès du recrutement et donc le maintien de l’abondance de leurs populations. Or, la construction de ports entrain irrémédiablement une perte de fonction pour les habitats côtiers impactés. Dans ce contexte,l’objectif général de cette thèse était de voir si les zones portuaires peuvent malgré tout servir de nourriceries alternatives pour les poissons marins côtiers. Pour cela, les abondances des juvéniles de quatre espèces de sars, du genre Diplodus, ont d’abord été suivies dans cinq ports méditerranéens. Ceci a permis de montrer que ces espèces côtières peuvent s’installer et grandir avec succès dans les ports. La complexification de la structure 3D de l’habitat augmente sensiblement les abondances de juvéniles. Dans un second temps, la croissance, la condition et les niveaux de contamination desjuvéniles de deux espèces de sars (D. sargus et D. vulgaris) ont été comparés entre différents ports et habitats naturels de la rade de Toulon. Ceci a montré que la croissance et la condition des juvéniles peut être équivalente dans certains ports et dans les zones naturelles adjacentes, avec des niveaux de contamination faibles, même dans les zones les plus polluées. Enfin, la composition multi- élémentaire des otolithes des juvéniles de D. sargus et D. vulgaris a été comparée entre trois ports et deux zones naturelles de la rade de Toulon. Aucun élément chimique lié aux activités portuaires n’aété retrouvé en plus forte concentration dans les otolithes des juvéniles issus des ports. Il n’existe donc pas une signature unique caractéristique de l’ensemble des ports. La composition chimique des otolithes peut néanmoins être utilisée pour étudier la contribution relative des ports aux stocks d’adultes à condition de caractériser la signature de l’ensemble des habitats juvéniles potentiels. L’ensemble des résultats acquis indiquent que les ports peuvent être utilisés comme nourriceries alternatives par plusieurs espèces de poissons marins côtiers. Les projets d’ingénierie écologiquevisant à augmenter la complexité structurale des habitats portuaires sont des pistes intéressantes pour maintenir la biodiversité côtières et les stocks de poissons.</p> </abstract> </profileDesc> </hal></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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