Le SIDA en Afrique subsaharienne (serveur d'exploration)

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Symptom and chest radiographic screening for infectious tuberculosis prior to starting isoniazid preventive therapy: yield and proportion missed at screening.

Identifieur interne : 000588 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000587; suivant : 000589

Symptom and chest radiographic screening for infectious tuberculosis prior to starting isoniazid preventive therapy: yield and proportion missed at screening.

Auteurs : Gavin J. Churchyard [Afrique du Sud] ; Katherine L. Fielding ; James J. Lewis ; Violet N. Chihota ; Yasmeen Hanifa ; Alison D. Grant

Source :

RBID : pubmed:21079424

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English descriptors

Abstract

This analysis describes the prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis at screening prior to isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT); the additional yield of tuberculosis using chest radiography versus symptoms alone, and risk factors for tuberculosis missed by screening.

DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000391018.72542.46
PubMed: 21079424

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pubmed:21079424

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<name sortKey="Chihota, Violet N" sort="Chihota, Violet N" uniqKey="Chihota V" first="Violet N" last="Chihota">Violet N. Chihota</name>
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<name sortKey="Hanifa, Yasmeen" sort="Hanifa, Yasmeen" uniqKey="Hanifa Y" first="Yasmeen" last="Hanifa">Yasmeen Hanifa</name>
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<term>AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Antitubercular Agents (therapeutic use)</term>
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<term>HIV Infections (diagnostic imaging)</term>
<term>HIV Infections (drug therapy)</term>
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<term>Humans</term>
<term>Isoniazid (therapeutic use)</term>
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<term>Infections opportunistes liées au SIDA</term>
<term>Infections à VIH</term>
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<term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term>
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<term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term>
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<term>Infections opportunistes liées au SIDA</term>
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<term>Adult</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This analysis describes the prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis at screening prior to isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT); the additional yield of tuberculosis using chest radiography versus symptoms alone, and risk factors for tuberculosis missed by screening.</div>
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<Day>22</Day>
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<Title>AIDS (London, England)</Title>
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<ArticleTitle>Symptom and chest radiographic screening for infectious tuberculosis prior to starting isoniazid preventive therapy: yield and proportion missed at screening.</ArticleTitle>
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<AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">This analysis describes the prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculosis at screening prior to isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT); the additional yield of tuberculosis using chest radiography versus symptoms alone, and risk factors for tuberculosis missed by screening.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">Cross-sectional analysis of a trial of community-wide IPT in South African gold mines.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Participants were screened for tuberculosis prior to starting IPT using symptoms (cough >2 weeks, weight loss, night sweats) and chest radiography. Tuberculosis suspects had sputum collected for mycobacterial investigations. Those with a positive smear or culture with no speciation or culture identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis were classified as having probable or definite tuberculosis, respectively. Among participants who were dispensed IPT, we defined a 'missed' case of active tuberculosis as one identified within 90 days of the enrolment screen.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Between July 2006 and December 2008, among 23,286 participants with complete data, the prevalence of undiagnosed tuberculosis [definite (284) and probable (31)] was high (315/23 286; 1.4%). The addition of chest radiography to symptom screening increased the number of definite tuberculosis cases detected by 2.5-fold (113 to 281 cases). Among 19,609 individuals correctly screened for tuberculosis who started IPT and had more than 90 days of follow-up, only 39 (0.2%) active tuberculosis cases were missed. Risk factors for tuberculosis missed by screening included increasing age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.66/10 year increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-2.56], non-South African, in HIV care (aOR 4.80, 95% CI 1.63-14.1), lower weight (aOR 2.07/10 kg decrease, 95% CI 1.23-3.49) and alcohol use (aOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.31-4.86), which were similar to risk factors for tuberculosis detected by screening.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Tuberculosis screening prior to IPT detects a substantial burden of tuberculosis and misses very few cases. Chest radiography significantly increased the yield of tuberculosis cases detected.</AbstractText>
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