Is hardship during migration a determinant of HIV infection? Results from the ANRS PARCOURS study of sub-Saharan African migrants in France.
Identifieur interne : 001808 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 001807; suivant : 001809Is hardship during migration a determinant of HIV infection? Results from the ANRS PARCOURS study of sub-Saharan African migrants in France.
Auteurs : Annabel Desgrees-Du-Lou ; Julie Pannetier ; Andrainolo Ravalihasy ; Mireille Le Guen ; Anne Gosselin ; Henri Panjo ; Nathalie Bajos ; Nathalie Lydie ; France Lert ; Rosemary Dray-SpiraSource :
- AIDS (London, England) [ 1473-5571 ] ; 2016.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- epidemiology : HIV Infections.
- psychology : Social Isolation.
- transmission : HIV Infections.
- Adolescent, Adult, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Paris, Retrospective Studies, Sexual Behavior, Socioeconomic Factors, Transients and Migrants, Young Adult.
Abstract
In Europe, sub-Saharan African migrants are a key population for HIV infection. We analyse how social hardships during settlement in France shape sexual partnerships and HIV risk.
DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000957
PubMed: 26558722
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:26558722Le document en format XML
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Results from the ANRS PARCOURS study of sub-Saharan African migrants in France.</title><author><name sortKey="Desgrees Du Lou, Annabel" sort="Desgrees Du Lou, Annabel" uniqKey="Desgrees Du Lou A" first="Annabel" last="Desgrees-Du-Lou">Annabel Desgrees-Du-Lou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>aIRD bCEPED, UMR 196 Université Paris Descartes-IRD, Sorbonne Paris Cités, Paris cINSERM, CESP-U 1018, Villejuif dINPES, Saint-Denis eSorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pannetier, Julie" sort="Pannetier, Julie" uniqKey="Pannetier J" first="Julie" last="Pannetier">Julie Pannetier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ravalihasy, Andrainolo" sort="Ravalihasy, Andrainolo" uniqKey="Ravalihasy A" first="Andrainolo" last="Ravalihasy">Andrainolo Ravalihasy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Le Guen, Mireille" sort="Le Guen, Mireille" uniqKey="Le Guen M" first="Mireille" last="Le Guen">Mireille Le Guen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gosselin, Anne" sort="Gosselin, Anne" uniqKey="Gosselin A" first="Anne" last="Gosselin">Anne Gosselin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Panjo, Henri" sort="Panjo, Henri" uniqKey="Panjo H" first="Henri" last="Panjo">Henri Panjo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bajos, Nathalie" sort="Bajos, Nathalie" uniqKey="Bajos N" first="Nathalie" last="Bajos">Nathalie Bajos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lydie, Nathalie" sort="Lydie, Nathalie" uniqKey="Lydie N" first="Nathalie" last="Lydie">Nathalie Lydie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lert, France" sort="Lert, France" uniqKey="Lert F" first="France" last="Lert">France Lert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dray Spira, Rosemary" sort="Dray Spira, Rosemary" uniqKey="Dray Spira R" first="Rosemary" last="Dray-Spira">Rosemary Dray-Spira</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26558722</idno><idno type="pmid">26558722</idno><idno type="doi">10.1097/QAD.0000000000000957</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001808</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001808</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Is hardship during migration a determinant of HIV infection? Results from the ANRS PARCOURS study of sub-Saharan African migrants in France.</title><author><name sortKey="Desgrees Du Lou, Annabel" sort="Desgrees Du Lou, Annabel" uniqKey="Desgrees Du Lou A" first="Annabel" last="Desgrees-Du-Lou">Annabel Desgrees-Du-Lou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>aIRD bCEPED, UMR 196 Université Paris Descartes-IRD, Sorbonne Paris Cités, Paris cINSERM, CESP-U 1018, Villejuif dINPES, Saint-Denis eSorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pannetier, Julie" sort="Pannetier, Julie" uniqKey="Pannetier J" first="Julie" last="Pannetier">Julie Pannetier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ravalihasy, Andrainolo" sort="Ravalihasy, Andrainolo" uniqKey="Ravalihasy A" first="Andrainolo" last="Ravalihasy">Andrainolo Ravalihasy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Le Guen, Mireille" sort="Le Guen, Mireille" uniqKey="Le Guen M" first="Mireille" last="Le Guen">Mireille Le Guen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gosselin, Anne" sort="Gosselin, Anne" uniqKey="Gosselin A" first="Anne" last="Gosselin">Anne Gosselin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Panjo, Henri" sort="Panjo, Henri" uniqKey="Panjo H" first="Henri" last="Panjo">Henri Panjo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bajos, Nathalie" sort="Bajos, Nathalie" uniqKey="Bajos N" first="Nathalie" last="Bajos">Nathalie Bajos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lydie, Nathalie" sort="Lydie, Nathalie" uniqKey="Lydie N" first="Nathalie" last="Lydie">Nathalie Lydie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lert, France" sort="Lert, France" uniqKey="Lert F" first="France" last="Lert">France Lert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dray Spira, Rosemary" sort="Dray Spira, Rosemary" uniqKey="Dray Spira R" first="Rosemary" last="Dray-Spira">Rosemary Dray-Spira</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">AIDS (London, England)</title><idno type="eISSN">1473-5571</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Disease Transmission, Infectious</term><term>Female</term><term>HIV Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>HIV Infections (transmission)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Paris</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term><term>Sexual Behavior</term><term>Social Isolation (psychology)</term><term>Socioeconomic Factors</term><term>Transients and Migrants</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Social Isolation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Disease Transmission, Infectious</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Paris</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term><term>Sexual Behavior</term><term>Socioeconomic Factors</term><term>Transients and Migrants</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In Europe, sub-Saharan African migrants are a key population for HIV infection. We analyse how social hardships during settlement in France shape sexual partnerships and HIV risk.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26558722</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>30</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>30</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1473-5571</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>30</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Feb</Month><Day>20</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>AIDS (London, England)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>AIDS</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Is hardship during migration a determinant of HIV infection? Results from the ANRS PARCOURS study of sub-Saharan African migrants in France.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>645-56</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1097/QAD.0000000000000957</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">In Europe, sub-Saharan African migrants are a key population for HIV infection. We analyse how social hardships during settlement in France shape sexual partnerships and HIV risk.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">PARCOURS is a life-event survey conducted in 2012-2013 in 74 health-care facilities in the Paris region, among three groups of sub-Saharan migrants: 926 receiving HIV care (296 acquired HIV in France), 779 with chronic hepatitis B, and 763 with neither HIV nor hepatitis B (reference group).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Hardships (lack of residence permit, economic resources and housing) and sexual partnerships were documented for each year since arrival in France. For each sex, reported sexual partnerships were compared by group and their associations with hardships each year analysed with mixed-effects logistic regression models.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Hardships were frequent: more than 40% had lived a year or longer without a residence permit, and more than 20% without stable housing. Most of the migrants had nonstable and concurrent partnerships, more frequent among those who acquired HIV in France compared with reference group, as were casual partnerships among men (76.7 vs. 54.2%; P = 0.004) and women (52.4 vs. 30.5%; P = 0.02), concurrent partnerships among men (69.9 vs. 45.8%; P = 0.02), and transactional partnerships among women (8.6 vs. 2.3%; P = 0.006). Hardship increased risky behaviours: in women, lacking a residence permit increased casual and transactional partnerships [resp. odds ratio (OR) = 2.01(1.48-2.72) and OR = 6.27(2.25-17.44)]. Same trends were observed for lacking stable housing [OR = 3.71(2.75-5.00) and OR = 10.58 (4.68-23.93)].</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Hardships faced by migrants increase HIV risks. 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ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bourzam</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Abgral</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mattioni</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barruet</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sayre</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bouchaud</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tatay</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gousseff</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mechai</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kandel</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Honoré</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coupard</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bani-Sadr</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Belarbi</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Spiridon</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tahi</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mehawej</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salmon</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Silbermann</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Calboreanu</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Loulergue</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bouchez</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Le Baut</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pietri</LastName><ForeName>M P</ForeName><Initials>MP</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Trois-Vallets</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Favret</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Viard</LastName><ForeName>J P</ForeName><Initials>JP</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sobel</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gilquin</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cros</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Maignan</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Welker</LastName><ForeName>Y</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Masson</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Montoya</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ecobichon</LastName><ForeName>J L</ForeName><Initials>JL</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Froguel</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simon</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nguessan</LastName><ForeName>M S</ForeName><Initials>MS</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tassi</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Devidas</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gerard</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Touahri</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Delassus</LastName><ForeName>J L</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bouldouyre</LastName><ForeName>M A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Favret</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Winter</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pelletier</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Samba</LastName><ForeName>M C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Herson</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simon</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bonmarchand</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amirat</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smail</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seang</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stitou</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schneider</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tubiana</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Epelboin</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Valantin</LastName><ForeName>M A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Katlama</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ben Abdallah</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bourse</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dudoit</LastName><ForeName>Y</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Blanc</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Charlier-Woerther</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lortholary</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Consigny</LastName><ForeName>P H</ForeName><Initials>PH</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gergely</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shoai-Tehrani</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cessot</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Duvivier</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Touam</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Benhadj</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ait Mohand</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klement</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chardon</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pumpo</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Asselah</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guilly</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boyer</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mouri</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castelnaud</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pouteau</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Poynard</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Benhamou</LastName><ForeName>Y</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bonyhay</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lebray</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Massard</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moussali</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ratziu</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rudler</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thabut</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pais</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Luckina</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Simon</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Samba</LastName><ForeName>M C</ForeName><Initials>MC</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pelletier</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Smail</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Duclos Vallée</LastName><ForeName>J C</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Samuel</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coilly</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roudot-Thoraval</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hezode</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lopes</LastName><ForeName>E</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bourcier</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ganne</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nahon</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cohelo</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Trinchet</LastName><ForeName>J C</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gnkontchou</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grando</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brulé</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sogni</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fontaine</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mallet</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tripon</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vallet Pichard</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pol</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Corouge</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Benazra</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Noble</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bousquet</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mohand</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Serfaty</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carbonell</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Corpechot</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lequoy</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mathiex-Fortunet</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pascale</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rosmorduc</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chazouillères</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mezhoud</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Andreani</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Regnault</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Poujol-Robert</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Benjelloun</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Levy</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roulot</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Warzocha</LastName><ForeName>U</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cambonie</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bouchaud</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mechai</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Goussef</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vignier</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kandel</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Honore</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Harnois</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Macaigne</LastName><ForeName>G</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fernandes</LastName><ForeName>K</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bergmann</LastName><ForeName>J F</ForeName><Initials>JF</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sellier</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bendenoun</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Magnier</LastName><ForeName>J D</ForeName><Initials>JD</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ozenne</LastName><ForeName>V</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ancel</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Popa-Gregoriou</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amiot</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Garioud</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grangé</LastName><ForeName>J D</ForeName><Initials>JD</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chaslin-Ferbus</LastName><ForeName>D</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gil-Diez</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bonnard</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lebrette</LastName><ForeName>M G</ForeName><Initials>MG</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cordel</LastName><ForeName>H</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lescure</LastName><ForeName>F X</ForeName><Initials>FX</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vincensini</LastName><ForeName>J P</ForeName><Initials>JP</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Adda Lievin</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Thibault</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Velazquez</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Barge</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rosa</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Costes</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Richier</LastName><ForeName>L</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seif</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chandemerle</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lalande</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mazars</LastName><ForeName>T</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aubert</LastName><ForeName>J P</ForeName><Initials>JP</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Taulera</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alix</LastName><ForeName>I</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fleury</LastName><ForeName>F</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lefebvre</LastName><ForeName>O</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Revault</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Petruzzi</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Menard</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials></Investigator><Investigator ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bourcart</LastName><ForeName>J J</ForeName><Initials>JJ</Initials></Investigator><Investigator 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