The government of Kenya cash transfer for orphaned and vulnerable children: cross-sectional comparison of household and individual characteristics of those with and without
Identifieur interne : 001277 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 001276; suivant : 001278The government of Kenya cash transfer for orphaned and vulnerable children: cross-sectional comparison of household and individual characteristics of those with and without
Auteurs : David Ayuku [Kenya] ; Lonnie Embleton [Kenya] ; Julius Koech [Kenya] ; Lukoye Atwoli [Kenya] ; Liangyuan Hu [États-Unis] ; Samuel Ayaya [Kenya] ; Joseph Hogan [Kenya, États-Unis] ; Winstone Nyandiko [Kenya] ; Rachel Vreeman [Kenya, États-Unis] ; Allan Kamanda [Kenya] ; Paula Braitstein [Kenya, États-Unis, Canada]Source :
- BMC International Health and Human Rights [ 1472-698X ] ; 2014.
Abstract
The ‘Cash Transfer to Orphans and Vulnerable Children’ (CT-OVC) in Kenya is a government-supported program intended to provide regular and predictable cash transfers (CT) to poor households taking care of OVC. CT programs can be an effective means of alleviating poverty and facilitating the attainment of an adequate standard of living for people’s health and well-being and other international human rights. The objective of this analysis was to compare the household socioeconomic status, school enrolment, nutritional status, and future outlook of orphaned and separated children receiving the CT compared to those not receiving a CT.
This project analyzes baseline data from a cohort of orphaned and separated children aged <19 years and non-orphaned children living in 300 randomly selected households (HH) in 8 Locations of Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Baseline data were analyzed using multivariable logistic and Poisson regression comparing children in CT-HH vs. non-CT HH. Odds ratios are adjusted (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for guardian age and sex, child age and sex, and intra-HH correlation.
Included in this analysis were data from 1481 children and adolescents in 300 HH (503 participants in CT, 978 in non-CT households). Overall there were 922 (62.3%) single orphans, 324 (21.9%) double orphans, and 210 (14.2%) participants had both parents alive and were living with them. Participants in CT-HH were less likely to have ≥2 pairs of clothes compared to non-CT HH (AOR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.16-0.63). Those in CT HH were less likely to have missed any days of school in the preceding month (AOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.94) and those aged <1-18 years in CT-HH were less likely to have height stunting for their age (AOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.89). Participants aged at least 10 years in CT-HH were more likely to have a positive future outlook (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.12-2.65).
Children and adolescents in households receiving the CT-OVC appear to have better nutritional status, school attendance, and optimism about the future, compared to those in households not receiving the CT, in spite of some evidence of continued material deprivation. Consideration should be given to expanding the program further.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1472-698X-14-25
PubMed: 25239449
PubMed Central: 4175501
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<author><name sortKey="Nyandiko, Winstone" sort="Nyandiko, Winstone" uniqKey="Nyandiko W" first="Winstone" last="Nyandiko">Winstone Nyandiko</name>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The ‘Cash Transfer to Orphans and Vulnerable Children’ (CT-OVC) in Kenya is a government-supported program intended to provide regular and predictable cash transfers (CT) to poor households taking care of OVC. CT programs can be an effective means of alleviating poverty and facilitating the attainment of an adequate standard of living for people’s health and well-being and other international human rights. The objective of this analysis was to compare the household socioeconomic status, school enrolment, nutritional status, and future outlook of orphaned and separated children receiving the CT compared to those not receiving a CT.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>This project analyzes baseline data from a cohort of orphaned and separated children aged <19 years and non-orphaned children living in 300 randomly selected households (HH) in 8 Locations of Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Baseline data were analyzed using multivariable logistic and Poisson regression comparing children in CT-HH vs. non-CT HH. Odds ratios are adjusted (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for guardian age and sex, child age and sex, and intra-HH correlation.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Included in this analysis were data from 1481 children and adolescents in 300 HH (503 participants in CT, 978 in non-CT households). Overall there were 922 (62.3%) single orphans, 324 (21.9%) double orphans, and 210 (14.2%) participants had both parents alive and were living with them. Participants in CT-HH were less likely to have ≥2 pairs of clothes compared to non-CT HH (AOR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.16-0.63). Those in CT HH were less likely to have missed any days of school in the preceding month (AOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.94) and those aged <1-18 years in CT-HH were less likely to have height stunting for their age (AOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.89). Participants aged at least 10 years in CT-HH were more likely to have a positive future outlook (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.12-2.65).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Children and adolescents in households receiving the CT-OVC appear to have better nutritional status, school attendance, and optimism about the future, compared to those in households not receiving the CT, in spite of some evidence of continued material deprivation. Consideration should be given to expanding the program further.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<author><name sortKey="Ayuku, D" uniqKey="Ayuku D">D Ayuku</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kamanda, A" uniqKey="Kamanda A">A Kamanda</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Atwoli, L" uniqKey="Atwoli L">L Atwoli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ayaya, S" uniqKey="Ayaya S">S Ayaya</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Vreeman, R" uniqKey="Vreeman R">R Vreeman</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Nyandiko, W" uniqKey="Nyandiko W">W Nyandiko</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Gisore, P" uniqKey="Gisore P">P Gisore</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Koech, J" uniqKey="Koech J">J Koech</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Fotso, Jc" uniqKey="Fotso J">JC Fotso</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Ezeh, A" uniqKey="Ezeh A">A Ezeh</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Madise, N" uniqKey="Madise N">N Madise</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Kahurani, E" uniqKey="Kahurani E">E Kahurani</name>
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<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kunnemann, R" uniqKey="Kunnemann R">R Künnemann</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Leonhard, R" uniqKey="Leonhard R">R Leonhard</name>
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<pmc article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">BMC Int Health Hum Rights</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">BMC Int Health Hum Rights</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>BMC International Health and Human Rights</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1472-698X</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25239449</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4175501</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1472-698X-14-25</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/1472-698X-14-25</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>The government of Kenya cash transfer for orphaned and vulnerable children: cross-sectional comparison of household and individual characteristics of those with and without</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="A1"><name><surname>Ayuku</surname>
<given-names>David</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>dayuku_2000@yahoo.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A2"><name><surname>Embleton</surname>
<given-names>Lonnie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">2</xref>
<email>lonnie.embleton@gmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A3"><name><surname>Koech</surname>
<given-names>Julius</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">3</xref>
<email>koechjulius2005@yahoo.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A4"><name><surname>Atwoli</surname>
<given-names>Lukoye</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4">4</xref>
<email>lukoye@gmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A5"><name><surname>Hu</surname>
<given-names>Liangyuan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I5">5</xref>
<email>liangyuan_hu@brown.edu</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A6"><name><surname>Ayaya</surname>
<given-names>Samuel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">3</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I6">6</xref>
<email>samuel.ayaya@gmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A7"><name><surname>Hogan</surname>
<given-names>Joseph</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">3</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I5">5</xref>
<email>jhogan@stat.brown.edu</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A8"><name><surname>Nyandiko</surname>
<given-names>Winstone</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">3</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I6">6</xref>
<email>nyandikom@yahoo.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A9"><name><surname>Vreeman</surname>
<given-names>Rachel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">3</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I6">6</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I7">7</xref>
<email>rvreeman@iupui.edu</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A10"><name><surname>Kamanda</surname>
<given-names>Allan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I8">8</xref>
<email>akamanda1@hotmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" id="A11"><name><surname>Braitstein</surname>
<given-names>Paula</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">3</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I9">9</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I10">10</xref>
<email>pbraitstein@yahoo.com</email>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1"><label>1</label>
College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya</aff>
<aff id="I2"><label>2</label>
College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya</aff>
<aff id="I3"><label>3</label>
Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya</aff>
<aff id="I4"><label>4</label>
College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Mental Health, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya</aff>
<aff id="I5"><label>5</label>
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA</aff>
<aff id="I6"><label>6</label>
College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Child Health and Pediatrics, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya</aff>
<aff id="I7"><label>7</label>
School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA</aff>
<aff id="I8"><label>8</label>
Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya</aff>
<aff id="I9"><label>9</label>
School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA</aff>
<aff id="I10"><label>10</label>
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<fpage>25</fpage>
<lpage>25</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>30</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014 Ayuku et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Ayuku et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-holder>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>
) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-698X/14/25"></self-uri>
<abstract><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The ‘Cash Transfer to Orphans and Vulnerable Children’ (CT-OVC) in Kenya is a government-supported program intended to provide regular and predictable cash transfers (CT) to poor households taking care of OVC. CT programs can be an effective means of alleviating poverty and facilitating the attainment of an adequate standard of living for people’s health and well-being and other international human rights. The objective of this analysis was to compare the household socioeconomic status, school enrolment, nutritional status, and future outlook of orphaned and separated children receiving the CT compared to those not receiving a CT.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>This project analyzes baseline data from a cohort of orphaned and separated children aged <19 years and non-orphaned children living in 300 randomly selected households (HH) in 8 Locations of Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Baseline data were analyzed using multivariable logistic and Poisson regression comparing children in CT-HH vs. non-CT HH. Odds ratios are adjusted (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for guardian age and sex, child age and sex, and intra-HH correlation.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Included in this analysis were data from 1481 children and adolescents in 300 HH (503 participants in CT, 978 in non-CT households). Overall there were 922 (62.3%) single orphans, 324 (21.9%) double orphans, and 210 (14.2%) participants had both parents alive and were living with them. Participants in CT-HH were less likely to have ≥2 pairs of clothes compared to non-CT HH (AOR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.16-0.63). Those in CT HH were less likely to have missed any days of school in the preceding month (AOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.94) and those aged <1-18 years in CT-HH were less likely to have height stunting for their age (AOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.89). Participants aged at least 10 years in CT-HH were more likely to have a positive future outlook (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.12-2.65).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Children and adolescents in households receiving the CT-OVC appear to have better nutritional status, school attendance, and optimism about the future, compared to those in households not receiving the CT, in spite of some evidence of continued material deprivation. Consideration should be given to expanding the program further.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Orphans</kwd>
<kwd>Africa</kwd>
<kwd>Cash transfer</kwd>
<kwd>Nutrition</kwd>
<kwd>Food security</kwd>
<kwd>Mental health</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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