Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Identifieur interne : 002D26 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 002D25; suivant : 002D27Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Auteurs :Source :
- Lancet (London, England) [ 0140-6736 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context.
We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined.
Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men were smoking (124·1 million DALYs [95% UI 111·2 million to 137·0 million]), high systolic blood pressure (122·2 million DALYs [110·3 million to 133·3 million], and low birthweight and short gestation (83·0 million DALYs [78·3 million to 87·7 million]), and for women, were high systolic blood pressure (89·9 million DALYs [80·9 million to 98·2 million]), high body-mass index (64·8 million DALYs [44·4 million to 87·6 million]), and high fasting plasma glucose (63·8 million DALYs [53·2 million to 76·3 million]). In 2016 in 113 countries, the leading risk factor in terms of attributable DALYs was a metabolic risk factor. Smoking remained among the leading five risk factors for DALYs for 109 countries, while low birthweight and short gestation was the leading risk factor for DALYs in 38 countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In terms of important drivers of change in trends of burden attributable to risk factors, between 2006 and 2016 exposure to risks explains an 9·3% (6·9–11·6) decline in deaths and a 10·8% (8·3–13·1) decrease in DALYs at the global level, while population ageing accounts for 14·9% (12·7–17·5) of deaths and 6·2% (3·9–8·7) of DALYs, and population growth for 12·4% (10·1–14·9) of deaths and 12·4% (10·1–14·9) of DALYs. The largest contribution of trends in risk exposure to disease burden is seen between ages 1 year and 4 years, where a decline of 27·3% (24·9–29·7) of the change in DALYs between 2006 and 2016 can be attributed to declines in exposure to risks.
Increasingly detailed understanding of the trends in risk exposure and the RRs for each risk-outcome pair provide insights into both the magnitude of health loss attributable to risks and how modification of risk exposure has contributed to health trends. Metabolic risks warrant particular policy attention, due to their large contribution to global disease burden, increasing trends, and variable patterns across countries at the same level of development. GBD 2016 findings show that, while it has huge potential to improve health, risk modification has played a relatively small part in the past decade.
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation,
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8
PubMed: 28919119
PubMed Central: 5614451
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PMC:5614451Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">28919119</idno><idno type="pmc">5614451</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5614451</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5614451</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002D26</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002D26</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016</title></analytic><series><title level="j">Lancet (London, England)</title><idno type="ISSN">0140-6736</idno><idno type="eISSN">1474-547X</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P5">The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P6">We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Findings</title><p id="P7">Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men were smoking (124·1 million DALYs [95% UI 111·2 million to 137·0 million]), high systolic blood pressure (122·2 million DALYs [110·3 million to 133·3 million], and low birthweight and short gestation (83·0 million DALYs [78·3 million to 87·7 million]), and for women, were high systolic blood pressure (89·9 million DALYs [80·9 million to 98·2 million]), high body-mass index (64·8 million DALYs [44·4 million to 87·6 million]), and high fasting plasma glucose (63·8 million DALYs [53·2 million to 76·3 million]). In 2016 in 113 countries, the leading risk factor in terms of attributable DALYs was a metabolic risk factor. Smoking remained among the leading five risk factors for DALYs for 109 countries, while low birthweight and short gestation was the leading risk factor for DALYs in 38 countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In terms of important drivers of change in trends of burden attributable to risk factors, between 2006 and 2016 exposure to risks explains an 9·3% (6·9–11·6) decline in deaths and a 10·8% (8·3–13·1) decrease in DALYs at the global level, while population ageing accounts for 14·9% (12·7–17·5) of deaths and 6·2% (3·9–8·7) of DALYs, and population growth for 12·4% (10·1–14·9) of deaths and 12·4% (10·1–14·9) of DALYs. The largest contribution of trends in risk exposure to disease burden is seen between ages 1 year and 4 years, where a decline of 27·3% (24·9–29·7) of the change in DALYs between 2006 and 2016 can be attributed to declines in exposure to risks.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Interpretation</title><p id="P8">Increasingly detailed understanding of the trends in risk exposure and the RRs for each risk-outcome pair provide insights into both the magnitude of health loss attributable to risks and how modification of risk exposure has contributed to health trends. Metabolic risks warrant particular policy attention, due to their large contribution to global disease burden, increasing trends, and variable patterns across countries at the same level of development. GBD 2016 findings show that, while it has huge potential to improve health, risk modification has played a relatively small part in the past decade.</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Funding</title><p id="P9">The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.bloomberg.org/">Bloomberg Philanthropies</ext-link>.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Been, Jv" uniqKey="Been J">JV Been</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sheikh, A" uniqKey="Sheikh A">A Sheikh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Britton, A" uniqKey="Britton A">A Britton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bell, S" uniqKey="Bell S">S Bell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Steenland, K" uniqKey="Steenland K">K Steenland</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Forouzanfar, M" 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">2985213R</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">5470</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Lancet</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Lancet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Lancet (London, England)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0140-6736</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1474-547X</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">28919119</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5614451</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">EMS74189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><collab>GBD 2016 Risk Factors Collaborators</collab><xref ref-type="app" rid="APP1">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="CR1">Correspondence to: Prof Emmanuela Gakidou, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA 98121, USA, <email>gakidou@uw.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>18</day><month>9</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>16</day><month>9</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>26</day><month>9</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>390</volume><issue>10100</issue><fpage>1345</fpage><lpage>1422</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8</pmc-comment>
<permissions><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>)</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><title>Summary</title><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P5">The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P6">We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Findings</title><p id="P7">Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men were smoking (124·1 million DALYs [95% UI 111·2 million to 137·0 million]), high systolic blood pressure (122·2 million DALYs [110·3 million to 133·3 million], and low birthweight and short gestation (83·0 million DALYs [78·3 million to 87·7 million]), and for women, were high systolic blood pressure (89·9 million DALYs [80·9 million to 98·2 million]), high body-mass index (64·8 million DALYs [44·4 million to 87·6 million]), and high fasting plasma glucose (63·8 million DALYs [53·2 million to 76·3 million]). In 2016 in 113 countries, the leading risk factor in terms of attributable DALYs was a metabolic risk factor. Smoking remained among the leading five risk factors for DALYs for 109 countries, while low birthweight and short gestation was the leading risk factor for DALYs in 38 countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In terms of important drivers of change in trends of burden attributable to risk factors, between 2006 and 2016 exposure to risks explains an 9·3% (6·9–11·6) decline in deaths and a 10·8% (8·3–13·1) decrease in DALYs at the global level, while population ageing accounts for 14·9% (12·7–17·5) of deaths and 6·2% (3·9–8·7) of DALYs, and population growth for 12·4% (10·1–14·9) of deaths and 12·4% (10·1–14·9) of DALYs. The largest contribution of trends in risk exposure to disease burden is seen between ages 1 year and 4 years, where a decline of 27·3% (24·9–29·7) of the change in DALYs between 2006 and 2016 can be attributed to declines in exposure to risks.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Interpretation</title><p id="P8">Increasingly detailed understanding of the trends in risk exposure and the RRs for each risk-outcome pair provide insights into both the magnitude of health loss attributable to risks and how modification of risk exposure has contributed to health trends. Metabolic risks warrant particular policy attention, due to their large contribution to global disease burden, increasing trends, and variable patterns across countries at the same level of development. GBD 2016 findings show that, while it has huge potential to improve health, risk modification has played a relatively small part in the past decade.</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Funding</title><p id="P9">The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.bloomberg.org/">Bloomberg Philanthropies</ext-link>.</p></sec></abstract></article-meta></front><body><sec sec-type="intro" id="S6"><title>Introduction</title><p id="P10">A core premise of public health is that prevention can be a powerful instrument for improving human health, one that is often cost-effective and minimises harm to individuals from ill health. The core objectives of prevention include the reduction or modification of exposure to risks including metabolic, behavioural, environmental, and occupational factors. Quantifying risks to health and thus the targets of many public health actions is an essential prerequisite for effective public health. The evidence on the relation between risk exposure and health is constantly evolving: new information about the relative risks (RRs) associated with different risks for different outcomes continues to emerge from cohort studies, randomised trials, and case-control studies. These studies can establish evidence for new risks or risk-outcome pairs or reduce the strength of evidence for existing risks. New data are also regularly collected on the levels of exposure in different populations and in different settings. Regularly updated monitoring of the evidence base on risk factors is crucial for public health and for individual risk modification through primary care and self-management.</p><p id="P11">Several studies explore risk-attributable burden for individual risks<xref rid="R1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>–<xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref> at the global, regional, or national level. Other studies provide assessments of exposure for selected risks. However, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) comparative risk assessment (CRA) is the only comprehensive and comparable approach to risk factor quantification. The most recent of these assessments was GBD 2015.<xref rid="R4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>–<xref rid="R6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref> With each cycle of GBD, scientific discussions have emerged on various dimensions of risk quantification that have led to improvements and modifications of GBD. Many of these are focused on the strength of evidence supporting a causal connection for specific risk-outcome pairs, while others relate to measurement challenges.<xref rid="R7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>–<xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref> Further, new risk factors have been added for important health conditions included in GBD, such as neonatal outcomes and Alzheimer’s dementia,<xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref> which have previously not had associated risk factors. The recent trials on blood pressure control at lower levels of systolic blood pressure, including the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT)<xref rid="R11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref> and Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-3 (HOPE-3) trial,<xref rid="R12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref> have also brought attention to the difference between a population health perspective on the quantification of risks and the clinical question of risk reversibility. The CRA framework provides an important insight into the role of different risks in contributing to levels of population health but does not necessarily provide all the information necessary to guide individual clinical decision making.</p><p id="P12">The GBD 2016 CRA includes 84 risk factors and an associated 481 risk-outcome pairs. In addition to new data and updated methods, we have included five new risks in the GBD 2016 CRA. The study was undertaken for 195 countries and territories and provides estimates of exposure and attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 1990 through to 2016. We explored how risks change with development, measured by the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), and also decomposed changes in deaths and DALYs into the contributions of population ageing, population growth, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined. As with previous iterations of GBD, the GBD 2016 CRA results presented here supersede all previously published GBD CRA estimates.</p></sec><sec sec-type="methods" id="S7"><title>Methods</title><sec id="S8"><title>Overview</title><p id="P13">The CRA conceptual framework was developed by Murray and Lopez,<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref> who established a causal web of hierarchically organised risks or causes that contribute to health outcomes (method appendix; <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 432), which allows quantification of risks or causes at any level in the framework. In GBD 2016, as in previous iterations of GBD, we evaluated a set of behavioural, environmental, and occupational, and metabolic risks, where risk-outcome pairs were included based on evidence rules (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 344). These risks were organised into five hierarchical levels as described in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 374). At Level 0, the GBD 2016 provides estimates for all risk factors combined, at Level 1 the GBD 2016 provides estimates for three groups: environmental and occupational, metabolic, and behavioral risk factors. At Level 2, there are 17 risks, at Level 3 there are 50 risks, and at Level 4 there are 67 risks, for a total of 84 risks or clusters of risks. To date, we have not quantified the contribution of other classes of risk factors (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 376); however, using an analysis of the relation between risk exposures and socio-demographic development, measured with the use of SDI, we provide some insights into the potential magnitude of distal social, cultural, and economic factors.</p><p id="P14">Two types of risk assessment are possible within the CRA framework: attributable burden and avoidable burden.<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref> Attributable burden is the reduction in current disease burden that would have been possible if past population exposure had shifted to an alternative or counterfactual distribution of risk exposure. Avoidable burden is the potential reduction in future disease burden that could be achieved by changing the current distribution of exposure to a counterfactual distribution of exposure. Murray and Lopez<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref> identified four types of counterfactual exposure distributions: theoretical, plausible, feasible, and cost-effective minimum risk. In GBD studies, to date and in this study, we focus on attributable burden using the theoretical minimum risk exposure level, which is the distribution of risk comprising the levels of exposure that minimise risk for each individual in the population.</p><p id="P15">Overall, this analysis follows the CRA methods used in GBD 2015.<xref rid="R4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref> The methods described in this study provide a high-level overview of the analytical logic, focusing on areas of notable change from the methods used in GBD 2015, with details provided in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 10). This study complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER) statement<xref rid="R14" ref-type="bibr">14</xref> (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 377).</p></sec><sec id="S9"><title>Geographical units of analysis and years for estimation</title><p id="P16">In GBD 2016, locations are arranged as a set of hierarchical categories: seven super-regions, 21 regions nested within the seven super-regions, and 195 countries and territories nested in the 21 regions. Additionally, we present estimates at the subnational level for five countries with a population greater than 200 million in 2016: Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, and the USA. We produced a complete set of age-specific, sex-specific, cause-specific, and location-specific estimates of risk factor exposure and attributable burden for 1990–2016 for all included risk factors.</p></sec><sec id="S10"><title>Attributable burden estimation</title><p id="P17">Four key components are included in estimation of the burden attributable to a given risk factor: the metric of burden being assessed (number of deaths, years of life lost [YLLs], years lived with disability [YLDs], or DALYs [the sum of YLLs and YLDs]), the exposure levels for a risk factor, the relative risk of a given outcome due to exposure, and the counterfactual level of risk factor exposure. Estimates of attributable DALYs for a risk-outcome pair are equal to DALYs for the outcome multiplied by the population attributable fraction (PAF) for the risk-outcome pair for a given age, sex, location, and year. A similar logic applies for estimation of attributable deaths, YLLs, or YLDs. Risks are categorised on the basis of how exposure was measured: dichotomous, polytomous, or continuous. The PAF represents the proportion of outcome that would be reduced in a given year if the exposure to a risk factor in the past were reduced to the counterfactual level of the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (supplementary results, <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">appendix 2</xref> p 1).</p></sec><sec id="S11"><title>Causal evidence for risk-outcome pairs</title><p id="P18">In this study, as in GBD 2015, we have included risk-outcome pairs that we have assessed as meeting the World Cancer Research Fund grades of convincing or probable evidence (see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 10 for definitions of these grades).<xref rid="R15" ref-type="bibr">15</xref><xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">Table 1</xref> provides a summary of the evidence supporting a causal relation between a risk and an outcome for each pair included in GBD 2016. For each risk-outcome pair, we used recent systematic reviews to identify independent prospective studies (randomised controlled trials, non-randomised interventions, and cohorts) that evaluated the putative relationship. For risk-outcome pairs with fewer than five prospective studies, we evaluated evidence from case-control studies as well (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 344). <xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">Table 1</xref> summarises the evidence using multiple dimensions, which supports our assessment that each included risk-outcome pair meets the criteria of convincing or probable evidence (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 10 contains a justification of the criteria presented to support causality). In this summary of evidence, we have focused on randomised controlled trials and prospective observational studies, along with supporting evidence, like dose–response relationships and biologically plausible mechanisms.</p></sec><sec id="S12"><title>Estimation process</title><p id="P19">Information about the data sources, estimation methods, computational tools, and statistical analysis used in the derivation of our estimates are provided in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 10). The analytical steps for estimation of burden attributable to single or clusters of risk-outcome pairs are summarised in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 10). <xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">Table 2</xref> provides definitions of exposure for each risk factor, the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) used, and metrics of data availability. For each risk, we estimated effect size as a function of age and sex and exposure level, mean exposure, the distribution of exposure across individuals, and the TMREL. The approach taken is largely similar to GBD 2015 for each quantity for each risk. Some methodological improvements have been implemented and new data sources incorporated. <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">Appendix 1</xref> (p 34) provides details of each step by risk. Citation information for the data sources used for relative risks are provided in searchable form through an online source <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://ghdx.healthdata.org/">tool</ext-link>.</p><p id="P20">All point estimates are reported with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). UIs include uncertainty from each relevant component, consisting of exposure, relative risks, TMREL, and burden rates. Where percentage change is reported (with 95% UIs), we computed it on the basis of the point estimates being compared.</p><p id="P21">In GBD 2015, we produced a summary measure of exposure for each risk, called the summary exposure value (SEV), which is a metric that captures risk-weighted exposure for a population, or risk-weighted prevalence of an exposure. The scale for SEV spans from 0% to 100%, such that an SEV of 0% reflects no risk exposure in a population and 100% indicates that an entire population is exposure to the maximum possible level for that risk. In GBD 2016, we show estimates of SEVs for each risk factor and provide details on how SEVs are computed for categorical and continuous risks in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 10).</p></sec><sec id="S13"><title>Fitting a distribution to exposure data</title><p id="P22">The most informative data describing the distribution of risk factors within a population come from individual-level data; additional sources of data include reported means and variances. In cases when a risk factor also defines a disease, such as haemoglobin level and anaemia, the prevalence of disease is also frequently reported. To model the distribution of any particular risk factor, we seek a family of probability density functions (PDFs), a fitting method, and a model selection criterion. To make use of the most data describing most populations, we used the method of moments (MoM); the first two empirical moments from a population, the mean and variance, were used to determine the PDF describing the distribution of risk within any population, where exceptions to this rule are justified by context. We used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to measure the goodness of fit (GoF), but in some cases, the GoF was based on the prediction error for the prevalence of disease.</p><p id="P23">We used an ensemble technique in which a model selection algorithm is used to choose the best model for each risk factor.<xref rid="R16" ref-type="bibr">16</xref> We drew the initial set of candidate models from commonly used PDF families. We fitted each PDF candidate family to each dataset using the MoM, and used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test<xref rid="R17" ref-type="bibr">17</xref> as the measure of GoF. Preliminary analysis showed that the GoF ranking of PDF families varied across datasets for any particular risk factor and that combining the predictions of differently fitted PDF families could dramatically improve the GoF for each dataset. Therefore, we developed a new model for prediction using the ensemble of candidate models, which is a weighted linear combination of all candidate models, {f}, where a set of weights {w} is chosen such that it is the sum of the weights equals to one and the values of the weights were determined by a second GoF criterion with its own validation process. Because of basic differences among risk factors, their distributions, and the risk attribution process, the model selection process was often slightly different for each risk factor. The details can be summarised by (1) the summary statistics for each dataset; (2) a table showing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic for each candidate model and URD; (3) the criterion used for determining the overall GoF; (4) summary results of the validation process; and (5) the weights defining the final ensemble model for each dataset.</p></sec><sec id="S14"><title>New risks and risks with significant changes in the estimation methods compared with GBD 2015</title><p id="P24">We took several steps to improve the estimation of alcohol use as a risk factor. First, on the exposure side, we added 26 survey series, which contributed 12 195 datapoints in our models. Second, we developed and implemented a method that adjusts total consumption for tourism and unrecorded consumption for each location-year. Third, we calculated the TMREL. We chose TMREL as being the exposure that minimises an individual’s risk of suffering burden from any given cause related to alcohol (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 22 for more detail). Fourth, we performed a systematic review of all cohort and case-control studies reporting a RR, hazard ratio, or odds ratio for any risk-outcome pairs studied in GBD 2016 and then modelled a dose-response relationship using DisMod ordinary differential equations (ODE).<xref rid="R18" ref-type="bibr">18</xref> Fifth, we estimated injury PAFs from cohort studies and adjusted them to account for victims.</p><p id="P25">We made several improvements in the process of estimating the burden of disease attributable to dietary risks. To improve the quality and coverage of our dietary estimates, we systematically searched literature for nationally or subnationally representative studies providing information on consumption of each dietary factor. We also made a systematic effort to obtain individual-level data for consumption of dietary factors; re-extracted data from all available sources; and standardised the definition of dietary factors across different sources. To capture recent trends in consumption, we used data on sales of different fresh and packaged foods to inform our estimates. To address the concerns over within-person variation in intake, we estimated usual intake of each dietary factor and used that to estimate the attributable disease burden. To make the current and optimal levels of intake more comparable, we used absolute intake of each dietary factor (rather than intake standardised to 2000 kcal per day). For more detail, see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 117).</p><p id="P26">There were two substantial changes in the estimation of second-hand smoke compared with GBD 2015. First, we estimated the proportion of a population exposed to second-hand smoke using information about household composition and smoking status from household surveys and censuses, rather than using questions that ask directly about exposure to second-hand smoke in surveys. Second, we modelled exposure using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR), borrowing strength across sexes and all ages, whereas in GBD 2015 we ran a DisMod model separately by sex and age. Further, we found significant evidence of associations between second-hand smoke exposure and two additional outcomes: breast cancer and diabetes, which were added to the list of risk-outcome pairs for second-hand smoke. More details on the estimation approach are presented in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 98).</p><p id="P27">For the first time in the GBD study, we estimated exposure to and burden attributable to smokeless tobacco, defined as current use of any smokeless tobacco product. RR estimates were derived from prospective cohort studies and case-control studies and vary depending on the type of product used. Based on available evidence, for chewing tobacco RRs were significantly higher than one for oral cancer and oesophageal cancer, while for snus or snuff we did not find sufficient evidence of a RR greater than one for any health outcome. Additional details on the estimation methods and RRs are presented in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 11, p 181).</p><p id="P28">Low birthweight for gestation and short gestation for birthweight are included as new risk factors for GBD 2016. The estimation has been parameterised to be polytomous by 500 g and 2 week categories. Low birthweight and gestational age are highly correlated risks and they are estimated in a completely interdependent manner. For each univariate analysis, identification of TMREL and calculation of PAFs is contingent on the other dimension. In other words, we found the lowest risk birthweight category for each 2 week gestational age band and, correspondingly, the lowest risk gestational age for each 500 g birthweight band. RRs were then estimated for each 500 g per 2 week bin. Exposure for each bin was estimated in three steps. First, we estimated by generating ensemble distribution estimates using modelled mean and categorical prevalence estimates for each of birthweight (mean, % <2500 g) and gestational age (mean, % <37 weeks, % <28 weeks) for each location, year, and sex. Second, we evaluated all microdata where both gestational age and birthweight were available and found a high degree of consistency in the correlation between them. Third, we took the pooled correlation coefficient from step 2 combined with univariate ensemble distributions from step 1 and used a copula linking function to simulate the joint distribution which was then summarised into each 500 g per 2 week category. Joint PAF calculation used a TMREL defined as the lowest overall risk of the entire matrix of birthweight and gestational age (see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 77 for more details).</p></sec><sec id="S15"><title>Mediation</title><p id="P29">In GBD 2016, we updated our approach for estimation of the joint effects of combinations of risk factors (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 23). Using individual-level data from prospective cohort studies, we estimated the proportion of the effect of behavioural risks on cardiometabolic outcomes mediated through metabolic risk factors. We also estimated the proportion of the effect of each metabolic risk factor on cardiometabolic outcomes mediated through other metabolic risks. For each mediation pathway, we only included the mediators for which sufficient evidence existed for their causal relationship with the disease endpoint.</p></sec><sec id="S16"><title>Explaining the drivers of trends in deaths and DALYs</title><p id="P30">As in GBD 2015, we undertook a decomposition analysis of changes in DALYs over the time period into four main components, namely, changes in DALYs due to changes in: (1) population growth; (2) population age structure; (3) exposure to all risks for a disease; and (4) all other factors combined, approximated as the risk-deleted death and DALY rates. Risk-deleted rates refers to death and DALY rates that would be observed if we removed all risk factors included in GBD 2016, estimated as DALY rates multiplied by one minus the PAF for the set of risks. We used methods developed by Das Gupta,<xref rid="R19" ref-type="bibr">19</xref> but as the methods presented there do not result in the decomposition results being linear aggregates over time or risk, we adapted these methods further in GBD 2016. Our decomposition analysis was undertaken for each 5 year time period, at the all-risk level, taking into account risk mediation at the most detailed cause level. The contribution of changes in exposure for the individual risks was scaled to the all-risk effect at the most detailed outcome level. The contribution of risk exposures over longer time periods—eg, 2000–16—or at higher cause aggregates—eg, all cause—were calculated as the linear aggregate of the effect of individual risks at the most detailed cause level and time period.</p></sec><sec id="S17"><title>Risk transition with development</title><p id="P31">We explored how exposure to risks varies across levels of development using the SDI, a composite indicator of development status constructed for GBD 2015 whose components are strongly correlated with health outcomes. It is the geometric mean of 0 to 1 for indices of total fertility rate, mean education for those aged 15 years and older, and lag-distributed income per capita. More details on the estimation of SDI can be found in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 32).</p></sec><sec id="S18"><title>Role of the funding source</title><p id="P32">The funders of the study had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The authors had full access to all data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.</p></sec></sec><sec sec-type="results" id="S19"><title>Results</title><sec id="S20"><title>Global exposure to risks</title><p id="P33">From 1990 to 2016, trends in SEVs varied across the set of risk factors included in GBD 2016. Of note, SEVs decreased by more than 40% for three risks: diet high in transfatty acids (51·3% [95% UI 34·1–70·1]), household air pollution from solid fuels (43·1% [40·7–45·6]), and unsafe sanitation (40·3% [35·5–44·7]; <xref ref-type="table" rid="T3">table 3</xref>, <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">appendix 2</xref> p 1399). During the same period, SEVs increased by more than 40% for high body-mass index (BMI; 60·2% [45·1–79·1]), diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages (44·7% [36·1–52·7]), occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust (41·8% [41·3–42·2]), and occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (40·6% [40·2–41·1]).</p><p id="P34">Across countries there is substantial variation in risk exposure by level of SDI. Some risk factors, such as high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and high systolic blood pressure, show similar SEVs across levels of SDI, while others, including household air pollution and unsafe water source, show marked trends with sociodemographic development. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1</xref> shows the relationship between SEVs and SDI for the leading three metabolic, behavioural, and environmental and occupational risk factors and how that changed between 1990 and 2016. Within leading metabolic risks (high BMI, high FPG, and high systolic blood pressure [SBP]), risk-weighted exposure shows an increasing trend with increasing SDI for only high BMI. Overall, the SEV for high BMI has increased during the time period. Looking at the leading three environmental risk factors (ambient air pollution, household air pollution, and unsafe water), <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">figure 2</xref> shows an inverse relationship with SDI for household air pollution and unsafe water, with SEVs approaching zero at high levels of SDI, while the relationship is less consistent with ambient air pollution. Finally, the relationship between SDI and the leading behavioural risk factors is more heterogeneous, with smoking and alcohol use having a positive correlation with SDI, and short gestation for birthweight having a negative correlation with SDI.</p></sec><sec id="S21"><title>Global attributable burden for all risk factors combined and their overlap</title><p id="P35">Globally, 59·9% (58·4–61·3) of deaths and 45·2% (43·2–47·3) of DALYs could be attributed to the risk factors assessed in GBD 2016. For deaths, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) show the largest proportion attributable to measured risk factors, at 64·4% (62·6–66·2), with communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) causes at 57·9% (55·4–61·0), and injuries at 25·8% (23·7–27·8). The picture was different for DALYs, however, where we observed that 58·2% (56·4–60·3) of DALYs in CMNN causes are attributable to risk factors, compared with 43·5% (40·7–46·7) in NCDs and 21·0% (19·3–22·7) for injuries. Leading causes of DALYs in CMNN causes, such as diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections (LRI), also showed more than 80% of DALYs can be attributed to risk factors (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">appendix 2</xref> p 1).</p><p id="P36">Within NCDs, three of the leading causes of deaths and DALYs, ischaemic heart disease (IHD; 93·3% [90·3–95·7] of deaths and 94·4% [92·6–95·8] of DALYs), haemorrhagic stroke (88·2% [84·3–91·8] of deaths and 89·5% [87·1–91·6] of DALYS), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD; 76·6% [69·9–82·9] of deaths and 73·8% [67·4–80·2] DALYs) all have high proportions attributable to measured risk factors. Lung cancer, a leading cause of death but not DALYs, also has a large proportion of total deaths and DALYs attributed to measured risk factors (84·1% [78·9–88·3] and 83·2% [78·0–87·6] respectively), while for Alzheimer’s disease only 21·4% (11·2–34·0) of total deaths and 22·3% (11·8–35·1) of DALYs can be attributed to measured risk factors. For leading causes of DALYs that do not cause death, such as low back pain and sense organ diseases, less than a third of their total burden can be attributable to measured risk factors (23·0% [20·1–25·9] for low back and neck pain and 13·8% [12·4– 15·4] for sense organ diseases). Across all cancers, 42·1% (38·9–45·3) of deaths and 39·8% (36·8–42·8) of DALYs are attributable to measured risk factors; however, there is a very large range within cancers, from cervical cancer at 100% of deaths attributable to risk factors and lung cancer at 84·08% (78·9–88·3) of deaths attributable to risk factors to several cancers at nearly zero, such as brain cancer.</p><p id="P37">Across types of risk factors, behavioural risk factors accounted for 32·7% (30·7–34·8) of attributable DALYs, followed by metabolic risk factors at 16·8% (15·7–18·0), and environmental and occupational at 13·1% (12·1–14·2). This pattern was seen in middle SDI, middle-high SDI, and high SDI locations, while in low SDI and low-middle SDI locations environmental risk factors accounted for a larger proportion of attributable DALYs than metabolic risk factors. This is a pattern that has persisted since 1990; notably, however, the importance of metabolic risk factors is growing steadily in low SDI and low-middle SDI locations, while that of environmental and occupational risks has decreased during this time period. More detail can be found in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">appendix 2</xref> (p 1399).</p></sec><sec id="S22"><title>Levels and trends in the burden attributable to risk factors</title><p id="P38"><xref ref-type="table" rid="T4">Table 4</xref> reports all-cause deaths and DALYs attributable to all risk factors considered here from 2006 to 2016, including detail on attributable deaths and DALYs by risk-outcome pair (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">appendix 2</xref> p 1865) contains results for every location. Globally, 32·8 million (31·9 million to 33·7 million) deaths were attributable to all risk factors in 2016, a significant increase since 2006 of 2·9% (1·1–4·8); however, age-standardised attributable death rate declined from 2006 to 2016 by 18·7% (17·3–20·0). By contrast, total DALYs attributable to all risks decreased by 8·6% (6·6–10·7) since 2006, and age-standardised DALY rate attributable to all risks decreased by 21·7% (20·0–23·3). Among Level 1 risks, the largest decreases in age-standardised death rates were observed for environmental and occupational risks (24·3% [22·5–26·0]), followed by behavioural risks (21·5% [19·8–23·3]), and metabolic risks (11·9% [9·9–13·5]). Similarly, there were significant decreases in age-standardised DALY rates for all three Level 1 risk factors, although the magnitude of decrease was larger for DALY rates than death rates. In the year 2016, behavioural risk factors accounted for the largest number of deaths (21·8 million [20·5 million to 23·3 million]) and DALYs (781·1 million [737·1 million to 830·1 million]). While there were decreases in both deaths and DALYs attributable to behavioural risk factors since 2006, these decreases were significant for deaths (2·5% [0·1–4·9]) and DALYs (14·3% [11·8–16·6]). There was a significant, 17·9% (15·7–20·6), increase in number of deaths attributable to metabolic risk factors, from 14·8 million deaths (14·0 million to 15·7 million) in 2006 to 17·5 million deaths (16·4 million to 18·5 million) in 2016, with similar increases observed for DALYs. Environmental and occupational risk factors accounted for the fewest number of deaths and DALYs, and there was a significant decline in both measures since 2006.</p></sec><sec id="S23"><title>Global patterns of burden attributable to risk factors across quintiles of SDI</title><p id="P39"><xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">Figure 2</xref> shows that in 2016, the leading Level 2 risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for both sexes combined were malnutrition (11·5% [10·8–12·3] of DALYs), diet (9·6% [8·2–11·1] of DALYs), high blood pressure (8·9% [7·9–9·9] of DALYs), tobacco (7·4% [6·7–8·3] of DALYs), and air pollution (6·8% [6·1–7·6] of DALYs). The list at this level of aggregation is similar for both sexes combined, with a notable difference being that alcohol and drug use is the fifth-leading risk factor for men, with 7·9% (7·2–8·6) of DALYs, but is at eleventh place for women (2·6% [2·3–2·9] of DALYs). More detail can be found in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">appendix 2</xref> (p 1399). The patterns of risks vary by development, as seen across the panels of <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">figure 3</xref>. At the lowest level of SDI, the leading risk is malnutrition with 25·0% (23·2–26·6) of DALYs, followed by air pollution (8·0% [7·1–9·0] of DALYs), unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing (7·8% [6·6–9·4] of DALYs), and unsafe sex (4·7% [4·3–5·2] of DALYs). While malnutrition remains the leading risk factor at the low-middle level of SDI, diet (7·8% [6·8–9·0] of DALYs), high systolic blood pressure (7·2% [6·8–8·1] of DALYs), and tobacco use (5·9% [5·3–6·6] of DALYs) get included among the leading five causes as well. At the middle SDI level, diet is among the leading five risks with 12·5% (10·6–14·6) of DALYs while high systolic blood pressure and tobacco follow in importance. At the top three levels of SDI, high BMI increases in importance and makes it to the leading five risks, with 7·2% (4·7–10·0) of DALYs in middle SDI locations, with 9·8% (6·5–13·2) of DALYs in high-middle SDI locations, and 8·7% (5·9–11·7) of DALYs in high SDI locations. The panels in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">figure 3</xref> clearly show the risk transition across levels of development.</p></sec><sec id="S24"><title>Changes in leading risk factors in 1990, 2006, and 2016</title><p id="P40"><xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">Figure 3</xref> shows the leading 30 risk factors at Level 3 of the hierarchy and the median change in DALYs between 1990, 2006, and 2016. In terms of rates, among the top ten leading risks in 1990, child growth failure, unsafe sanitation, and unsafe water have experienced the largest declines over the period of 1990–2016. While these three risks have remained in the top 30 in 2016 for men, their ranks have fallen by several places to 9th (child growth failure), 21st (unsafe sanitation), and 16th (unsafe water). For women, their ranks have fallen to 5th (child growth failure), 16th (unsafe sanitation), and 13th (unsafe water). Between 1990 and 2006, median age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 46·7% (42·1–51·1) for men and 49·0% (45·0–53·0) for women, and in the most recent period child growth failure demonstrated further declines by 43·8% (36·9–49·8) for men and 48·7% (42·3–54·6) for women.</p><p id="P41">The risk factor of low birthweight for gestation and short gestation for birthweight remains among the leading risks (second position in 1990 for both sexes; third position in 2016 for men and fourth position for women), despite declines in both the number of DALYs and the age-standardised DALY rates since 1990. Smoking is another risk where there has been a consistent decline since 1990 in both SEVs and age-standardised DALY rates, yet it has consistently been ranked among the leading three risk factors for men in DALYs since 1990.</p><p id="P42">The trend in unsafe sex coincides with the HIV/AIDS epidemic. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">Figure 3</xref> shows that unsafe sex experienced large increases between 1990 and 2006, by 198·8% (170·45–228·2) for men and 204·0% (170·0–236·4) for women, resulting in a higher rank in 2006, followed by declines of 43·8% (41·7–45·7) for men and 46·7% (44·1–49·0) for women since 2006 resulting in a lower rank in 2016. On the other hand, drug use follows a different trend, and increased for men by 17·6% (13·0–25·5) between 1990 and 2006 and resulted in a higher rank in 2006, and decreased 5·7% (2·2–9·0) since 2006. Despite declines, drug use rose from the 25th leading risk to the 18th leading risk for men between 1990 and 2016.</p><p id="P43">Air pollution, both household air pollution and ambient particulate matter, were among the leading ten risk factors for men and women in 1990 and have remained important in 2016. The median percent change in age-standardised DALY rates showed important declines in both time periods for men and women. Specifically, in the most recent time period household air pollution declined by 38·3% (35·3–41·4) for men and 41·1% (37·8–44·2) for women, and ambient air pollution decreased by 14·2% (11·5–17·1) for men and 21·3% (17·8–24·5) for women, in terms of median age-standardised DALY rates.</p><p id="P44">The metabolic risk factors have increased in both rank and in the absolute number of DALYs between 1990 and 2016 for both men and women. High blood pressure was the fourth-leading risk factor for both men and women in 1990 and had risen to be the second leading risk factor for men and the leading risk factor for women by 2016. In terms of the number of DALYs, men showed an increase of 16·2% (13·1–19·4) since 2006, while for women the increase was less steep at 7·7% (4·5–11·7). In terms of the median change in age-standardised DALY rates since 2006, both sexes showed a decline, 10·5% (8·2–12·7) for men and 16·8% (13·7–19·3) for women. Other leading metabolic risk factors, including high BMI, high FPG, and high total cholesterol, exhibited similar trends to high blood pressure over this time period. All four of these metabolic risk factors are within the leading ten risk factors globally for men and women in 2016.</p><p id="P45">Among the leading risk factors in terms of DALYs, high BMI and high FPG have the fastest increases in SEVs with annualised rates of change of 1·7% (1·5–1·9) and 0·9% (0·6–1·3), respectively, since 1990 (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">figure 4</xref>). On the other hand, other leading risk factors in 2016 such as smoking and household air pollution exhibited significant and fast declines in SEVs, with a –1·3% (–1·6 to –1·1) annualised rate of change for smoking and –2·3% (–2·5 to –2·2) for household air pollution between 1990 and 2016 (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">figure 4</xref>).</p></sec><sec id="S25"><title>Drivers of changes in risk-attributable deaths and DALYs</title><p id="P46"><xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">Figure 5</xref> shows the relative contributions to changes in deaths and DALYs of important drivers grouped into four mutually exclusive categories: population growth, population ageing, trends in exposure to all risk factors measured in GBD 2016, and all other factors combined. Globally, trends in exposure to all risk factors combined would have led to a decrease of deaths by 9·3% (6·9–11·6) and DALYs by 10·8% (8·3–13·1). Risk factors play a larger part in CMNN causes, where trends in exposure to risks would have resulted in a decrease of deaths by 14·9% (12·4–17·1) and DALYs by 15·0% (12·7–17·6). Overall, population ageing and population growth are both driving deaths and DALYs to increase significantly. At the global level, across all causes, population growth alone would have resulted in 12·4% (10·1–14·9) more deaths and 12·4% (10·1–14·9) more DALYs, while population ageing would have contributed 14·9% (12·7–17·5) more deaths and 12·4% (10·1–14·9) more DALYs. The contribution of population ageing in NCDs is noteworthy as it is the largest driver of trends in NCDs, and accounts for 19·5% (17·3–22·0) more deaths and 14·0% (11·6–16·3) more DALYs between 2006 and 2016. The residual category, which includes improvements in treatment along with other factors, accounts for a decrease of 15·3% (12·9–17·7) for deaths and 16·5% (14·1–18·8) for DALYs across all causes and is particularly large for CMNN causes accounting for a 30·0% (27·5–32·4) decline in deaths and a 26·8% (24·4–29·2) decline in DALYs since 2006.</p><p id="P47"><xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">Figure 6</xref> shows the contribution of these drivers across age groups for DALYs. Across age groups, the contributions of the four drivers differ greatly. Changes in risk exposure have played a major part in the declines in DALYs younger than 5 years, accounting for 26·7% (24·3–29·7) of the trend in DALYs in the post-neonatal period and 27·3% (24·9–29·7) among ages 1–4 years. Trends in risks account for a decline of 8·7% (6·3–11·1) of DALYs in older children (ages 5–9 years) and 9·0% (6·5–11·4) of DALYs in young adolescents (ages 10–14 years). As expected, population ageing is a more significant driver among older age groups, accounting for up to 51·4% (49·1–53·9) of the change in DALYs since 2006 among the age group 90–94 years. Finally, the proportion of the change in DALYs that is due to all other factors—ie, not explained by these three major drivers—also shows large variation across age groups, ranging from a decrease of 3·5% (1·1–6·0) in the age group 15–19 years to a decrease of 28·2% (25·8–30·5) in the age group 1–4 years.</p></sec><sec id="S26"><title>Key results for new risks, leading risks, and risks with significant changes in GBD 2016</title><p id="P48">In 2016, for Level 3 risks factors, more DALYs were attributable to increased SBP than any other risk factor. Increased SBP was the second leading risk factor for men and leading risk factor for women globally, accounting for 89·9 million (80·9 million to 98·2 million) DALYs among women and 124·1 million (111·2 million to 138·0 million) DALYs among men. IHD was the largest source of DALYs attributable to increased SBP, followed by haemorrhagic stroke and ischaemic stroke. Since 1990, the SEV for increased SBP rose for men (22·9 [21·5–24·6] in 1990 to 24·6 [23·0–26·6] in 2016, a 7·5% increase [7·0–8·0]), and increased for women (24·2 [22·7–25·8] in 1990 to 24·2 [22·7–25·8] in 2016, a 0·7% increase [0·2–1·2]).</p><p id="P49">In 2016, 7·1 million (6·5 million to 7·8 million) deaths and 177·3 million (162·3 million to 194·3 million) DALYs were attributable to tobacco, most of which is attributable to smoking tobacco. Smoking-attributable deaths have increased by 20·1% (15·3–25·2) since 1990, with most deaths occurring in China, India, the USA, and Russia. Smoking is the second-leading risk factor for men for deaths and leading for DALYs, accounting for 16·3% (14·6–17·9) of deaths and 9·5% (8·5–10·7) of DALYs, and the sixth for women for deaths and ninth for DALYs, with 5·8% (5·0–6·7) of deaths and 2·9% (2·5–2·94) of DALYs. In 2016, there were 177·3 million (162·3 million to 194·3 million) smoking-attributable DALYs globally. Overall, in 2016 chronic respiratory diseases (30·3% [25·2–36·0]), neoplasms (19·2% [16·0–22·8]), and cardiovascular diseases (18·0% [16·0–20·0] were the three leading causes of smoking-attributable age-standardised DALYs across both sexes. For women, the leading cause of DALYs was COPD, whereas the leading cause for men was IHD.</p><p id="P50">Second-hand smoke exposure is highest in eastern Asia and Oceania and higher among women and children compared with men. The distribution of DALYs attributable to second-hand smoke exposure is bimodal, with peaks in the post-neonatal period and again in older age groups. Globally 0·9 million (0·7 million to 1·1 million) deaths were attributable to second-hand smoke exposure, of which 56 340 (28 951–89 043) occurred among children younger than age 10 years.</p><p id="P51">In estimating the burden attributable to smokeless tobacco, we found that the risk varies by the toxicity of the type used; there is sufficient evidence that chewing tobacco and other products of similar toxicity cause excess risk of oral and oesophageal cancer while, at this time, existing evidence does not support attributing burden to snus or similar smokeless tobacco products. Globally, smoking tobacco causes far more burden than smokeless tobacco; nonetheless, smokeless tobacco is an important risk factor for oral and oesophageal cancer in India, where more than half of the 32 141 (24 930–39 243) global deaths attributable to smokeless tobacco occur.</p><p id="P52">Low birthweight and short gestation, new risk factors in GBD 2016, were the third-ranked Level 3 risk factor globally for all-ages DALYs in 2016, which reflects a 61·6% (59·3–64·0) decrease in all-ages DALY rates from 5112·8 (4934·2–5389·6) DALYs per 100 000 in 1990 to 1960·8 (1862·0–2060·3) DALYs in 2016. In 1990, this risk factor was the second-ranked Level 3 risk factor globally for all-age DALYs; most of the decrease from 1990 to 2016 is due to a lower mortality burden in the causes attributable to low birthweight and short gestation rather than changes in exposure itself. Increasing SDI was associated with decreasing exposure, but the exposure gradient between SDI quintiles was not as large as the differential between high and low SDI in attributable burden. Exposure was highest in South Asia, eastern sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of the western Sahel zone, while attributable burden was highest in South Asia and parts of the western Sahel zone. The trend in exposure to low birthweight for gestation decreased at the global level from 1990 to 2016, reflective of the overall decrease in DALYs burden during the same time period. The biggest improvements were seen in Colombia, Brunei, and Zimbabwe, with broad improvements also seen across much of eastern sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p id="P53">In 2016, high FPG was the third-leading risk factor for deaths and the fourth-leading risk factor for DALYs globally among Level 3 risk factors, accounting for more than 5·6 million deaths (4·5 million to 7·0 million) and 144·1 million DALYs (119·9 million to 171·6 million). Since 1990, the age-standardised percent of deaths and DALYs attributable to high FPG has increased globally from 7·8% (6·0–10·1) to 10·5% (8·3–13·1) and 4·4% (3·7–5·3) to 6·2% (5·3–7·3), respectively. Diabetes was the largest source of DALYs attributable to increased FPG, followed by ischaemic heart disease and chronic kidney disease. We re-evaluated epidemiological evidence supporting the causal relationship between high FPG and disease endpoints and found sufficient evidence to include ten new outcomes for high FPG. These new outcomes included glaucoma, cataracts, dementia, liver cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. The new outcomes together contributed to 174 352 (37 297–388 039) additional deaths and 2·6 million (0·6 million to 5·7 million) additional DALYs beyond the causes that were included in GBD 2015.</p><p id="P54">In 2016, BMI was the fifth-ranked Level 3 risk factor for death globally, accounting for more than 4·5 million (2·9 million to 6·4 million) deaths and 135·4 million (88·6 million to 187·4 million) DALYs. Among Level 3 risk factors with more than 10 million attributable DALYs, high BMI had the fastest annualised rate of increase in SEV since 1990 (<xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD2">appendix 2</xref> p 1399). Despite this significant increase in risk exposure, increases in attributable burden were attenuated by significant decreases in risk-deleted DALY rates, mainly due to reductions in cardiovascular disease mortality rates. We find that the burden attributable to high BMI increases with increasing development, with the lowest rates of disease attributable to high BMI found in sub-Saharan Africa, yet development is not the only predictor. We conducted a systematic search of health outcomes caused by excess bodyweight and added eight new causes for GBD 2016, which together contributed to 442 750 (191 407–796 350) additional deaths beyond the causes that were included in GBD 2015. Additionally, we included childhood overweight and childhood obesity as new risk factors, allowing us to better capture the health effects of excess bodyweight across the life course. Within the CRA framework, the only childhood overweight and obesity outcome eligible for inclusion was asthma. We found that 10·4% (3·1–21·2) of asthma can be attributed to childhood excess bodyweight globally, a total of 1128 (311–2354) deaths and 642 532·1 (180 916·3 to 1 456 342·7) DALYs. While childhood burden is much smaller compared with adult burden, estimating exposure for children is crucially important in view of the well described effects of childhood overweight and obesity on adult health outcomes.</p><p id="P55">Air pollution was ranked sixth in terms of attributable DALYs in 2016. We found that 7·5% (6·6–8·4) of deaths globally were attributable to ambient air pollution in 2016 (4·1 million [3·6 million to 4·6 million] deaths, 1·3 million [1·1 million to 1·5 million] in South Asia). Countries with notably high levels of attributable deaths include China (11·1% [9·7–12·7] of all deaths attributable to ambient particulate matter) and India (10·6% [9·2–11·9] of all deaths). The diseases with the largest proportion of burden attributable to air pollution are LRI and COPD; ambient particulate matter is responsible for 27·5% (21·4–34·4) of all LRI and 26·8% (16·1–38·6) of COPD deaths and 33·3% (26·3–40·5) of LRI deaths in children younger than 5 years. In terms of overall ranking, ambient particulate matter has increased from seventh in 1990 with 115·2 million (99·1 million to 132·9 million) DALYs to sixth in 2016 with 105·7 million (94·2 million to 117·8 million) DALYs. For deaths, it is among the top ten ranked risk factors in 195 countries and territories, including India and China, where it was in third and fourth place, respectively. Also of note is that updated satellite data indicate increased ambient air pollution in 2015–16 in West Africa that is driven by wind-blown dust from the Sahara. This effect has profound effect on disease burden in this region, as intense particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2·5 μm (PM<sub>2·5</sub>) events affect Africa’s densest region.</p><p id="P56">Globally, alcohol is estimated to be the seventh-leading risk factor in 2016 in terms of DALYs. In the same year, alcohol use was estimated to have caused 99·2 million DALYs (88·3 million to 111·2 million), accounting for 4·2% (3·7–4·6) of total DALYs. This is a larger share of total burden than previously reported, driven primarily by changes made to both the exposure and RR models. This burden is distributed unequally among the sexes and regions. When decomposed by sex, alcohol use accounts for 6·2% (5·6–6·9) of total DALYs among men and 1·7% (1·4–2·0) of total DALYs among women. When decomposed by region in 2016, alcohol use accounts for 13·9% (11·5–16·8) of age-standardised DALYs in eastern Europe, 4·0% (3·4–4·6) of age-standardised DALYs in Southeast Asia, but only 0·8% (0·6–1·0) of age-standardised DALYs in the Middle East. Alcohol use attributable DALYs have also increased by more than 25% over the years 1990–2016, driven primarily by increased consumption in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia, among both men and women. Globally, alcohol use exposure has increased by 15·2% (8·7–22·6) over that time frame among men and decreased by 3·2% (–9·1 to 3·1) among women. However, the largest increases in exposure have been in countries in the low-middle quintile of SDI. Globally, alcohol use is the leading risk factor in DALYS between the ages of 15 years and 49 years in 2016. However, unlike tobacco or drugs, governments have been discouraged from efforts to limit alcohol’s availability by trade agreements and disputes. Given alcohol’s health burden within these age groups, an increased focus on alcohol control policies is needed to effectively address this risk factor.</p><p id="P57">It is worth noting some key results for dietary risks as well. In 2016, suboptimal diet was the second-leading risk factor for deaths and DALYs globally, accounting for 18·8% (16·0–21·7) of all deaths and 9·6% (8·2–11·1) of all DALYs. Comparing men and women, suboptimal diet accounts for the greatest percentage of total deaths in men (19·0% [16·3–21·8]) and the second largest in women (18·6% [15·7–21·7]). Meanwhile, suboptimal diet accounts for the second-largest percent of total DALYs in both men (10·6% [9·1–12·2]) and women (8·4% [7·0–9·9]). More than 50% of deaths (51·5% [44·2–59·2]) and DALYs (54·1% [47·1–61·5]) attributable to suboptimal diet were due to cardiovascular diseases. Among the individual dietary risks, a diet low in whole grains accounted for the largest number of deaths (4·6% [3·0–6·4]), followed by a diet low in fruits (4·3% [2·7–6·3]) and a diet high in sodium (4·2% [1·2–8·3]). Leading dietary risks for DALYs were low intakes of whole grains (2·6% [1·8–3·6]), fruits (2·6% [1·6–3·7]), and nuts and seeds (2·1% [1·4–2·8]). The greatest increase in attributable deaths and DALYs between 1990 and 2016 occurred for a diet high in red meat, followed by a diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages and a diet low in milk, respectively.</p></sec></sec><sec sec-type="discussion" id="S27"><title>Discussion</title><sec id="S28"><title>General findings</title><p id="P58">Based on the analysis of 22717 sources, we estimated disease burden attributable to 84 metabolic, environmental, occupational, and behavioural risk factors or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016 in 195 countries and territories. In 2016, all risks combined contributed to 59·9% (58·4–61·3) of deaths and 45·2% (43·2–47·3) of DALYs worldwide, compared with 60·3% (59·0–61·6) of deaths and 49·6% (47·6–51·7) of DALYs in 1990. The role of changes in risk factors in explaining changes in deaths and DALYs varies considerably across causes and ages, with the largest effects noted in children due to infectious diseases. Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. The risks with the highest increases in SEVs include high body-mass index, occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust, and occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, while the risks with the largest decreases in exposure are diet high in transfatty acids, household air pollution from solid fuels, and unsafe sanitation.</p><p id="P59">We found substantial heterogeneity across countries in the leading risk factors. Some notable patterns are the role of unsafe sexual practices as a driver of the HIV epidemic in Eastern and Southern Africa and the role of alcohol consumption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. There are also marked spatial patterns for other risks such as high BMI in Central America, North Africa and the Middle East, and Oceania. Interpreting spatial patterns needs to take into account the fact that some risks have a strong relationship with socioeconomic development. Several environmental and behavioural risks, including water, sanitation, handwashing, household air pollution, and childhood growth failure decline profoundly with development. Another cluster of risks tends to increase with socioeconomic development, including high BMI, high SBP, red meat consumption, sugar-sweetened beverages, alcohol, and high FPG.</p></sec><sec id="S29"><title>Cross-cutting themes</title><p id="P60">Many factors should determine government priorities for action including the size of the problem, inequalities related to the problem, likely future trends, the availability of effective policy options, and the opportunity cost of tackling a particular problem. In this analysis, we provided information about the size of the problem, trends in exposure in the last 27 years, and the range of exposure at given levels of socioeconomic development. Problems that are large, increasing, and variable across countries at the same level of development likely warrant particular policy attention. Our analysis showed that components of diet, obesity, FPG, and SBP are the most prominent global risks fulfilling these criteria. Because of the strong inter-relationships between these risks, the true driver of this cluster is likely diet, the risk in BMI, or both, with knock-on consequences for FPG and SBP. The rise of obesity and the associated increases in FPG and SBP warrant considerable global policy attention. Other major risks that should continue to receive attention—even intensified attention in some locations—such as smoking, are nevertheless declining at the global level. The unique combination of large current effect and increasing exposure puts obesity in a special category of risks. Obesity is likely to not only influence future population health in many locations, but will have considerable financial implications for health systems, given what we know about treatment costs for the associated diseases. Since important drivers of obesity such as physical activity and diet patterns are adopted in childhood and adolescence, more work is needed to proactively address the adoption of these risks in these younger age groups.</p><p id="P61">For the first time, we assess the contribution of changes of risk exposures to the overall global trend for deaths and DALYs; for example, in the past 10 years, changes in all risk exposures contributed to an 10·8% (8·3–13·1) decline in DALYs, while other factors contributed to a 16·5% (14·1–18·8) decrease in DALYs. More detailed assessments show large declines in CMNN causes and increases in injuries and non-communicable DALYs. In each case, the contribution of other factors was substantially larger than the contribution of risk reduction. Our findings of the relatively small contribution of risk reduction to the declines in NCDs are not at odds with published studies for the UK and the USA,<xref rid="R20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref>–<xref rid="R22" ref-type="bibr">22</xref> because we are reporting at the global level; our results at the national level suggest a larger role for risk reduction in some high-SDI locations. These observations lead to two directions for further analysis. First, what is the explanation for the declines driven by other factors? Some of this effect might be social policy working through various causal channels, and some is likely due to improvements in access to high-quality health care. This is particularly true for conditions such as selected cancers, ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney diseases, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and maternal mortality, for which health care is known to have large effects. Second, in view of the enormous potential of risk reduction to change health outcomes as documented in this and many other studies, why has progress on many risks been comparatively slow? For example, even though global tobacco consumption is declining in terms of rates, the pace of decline has been remarkably slow on average, despite more than 50 years of good evidence on the harms of tobacco. The relatively poor track record for global risk reduction might in part reflect the low rate of investment in risk reduction compared with curative health care. It might also reflect the continuing challenge of changing many risky behaviours. Relatively little funding for research on changing behaviours compared with new diagnostics and therapeutics might also be part of the explanation of the prevention paradox.<xref rid="R23" ref-type="bibr">23</xref>,<xref rid="R24" ref-type="bibr">24</xref> Changing behavioural risks could also require more than government action; harnessing the private sector to facilitate behavioural change might also be crucial.</p></sec><sec id="S30"><title>Important changes in GBD 2016 compared with in GBD 2015 (risks ordered by global rank)</title><sec id="S31"><title>Systolic blood pressure</title><p id="P62">Increased SBP remains the leading global risk at Level 3 in the GBD risk hierarchy. Highly effective interventions exist to manage blood pressure at the primary care level, as do a range of public health interventions, so it is quite remarkable that global exposure to increased SBP is increasing. Part of this increase might be tied to the global rise in high BMI, but the increase in SBP represents significant missed opportunity for the world’s health systems. In 54 countries high SBP is actually declining, while its increase in China is now well documented in a series of population-based surveys.<xref rid="R25" ref-type="bibr">25</xref>–<xref rid="R27" ref-type="bibr">27</xref> Tackling rising SBP is a global concern, but this is particularly important in those locations where rates are increasing. In view of the effect of the risk and the large array of available, effective interventions, health systems and the global health community need to mobilise increased resources and policy attention to tackle this problem. It might be necessary to design a variety of public policies including food reformulation to reduce sodium content and efforts to incentivise primary care providers to give priority to the management of SBP.<xref rid="R28" ref-type="bibr">28</xref>–<xref rid="R30" ref-type="bibr">30</xref></p></sec><sec id="S32"><title>Tobacco</title><p id="P63">In moving toward developing a comprehensive picture of tobacco use globally, in GBD 2016, we have for the first time included smokeless tobacco use as a risk factor. While the burden of smokeless tobacco is minimal in the majority of countries, it is of huge importance in south Asia, where the highest risk-weighted exposure is observed in Bangladesh (risk-weighted exposure of 0·75 [0·61–0·87]), Bhutan (0·53 [0·44–0·62]), Myanmar (0·50 [0·42–0·59]), Nepal (0·50 [0·42–0·58]), and India (0·45 [0·43–0·47]). In these countries more women use smokeless tobacco products than smoked tobacco products, and we find that use of any tobacco products, smoked or smokeless, continuously increases with age, a regional age pattern that differs from the global and male regional age pattern. The combination of high exposure and large population results in a majority of global deaths attributable to smokeless tobacco in 2016 occurring in India, where it is also the leading risk factor for oral cancer.</p><p id="P64">In GBD 2016, we also improved the estimation of burden attributable to second-hand smoke. At the global level, while the burden of second-hand smoke remains substantial, exposure to second-hand smoke has been declining significantly at an annualised rate of change of 1·9% (1·5–2·4). These reductions are likely attributable to a wide range of public health measures to control tobacco, which have accelerated in a large number of countries since the implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC).<xref rid="R31" ref-type="bibr">31</xref></p><p id="P65">Progress combatting the tobacco epidemic has resulted in global declines in prevalence of tobacco use and second-hand smoke exposure, yet the number of deaths and DALYs attributable to tobacco has increased since 1990. Increases in burden were driven by a combination of population growth and population ageing, along with persistently high smoking prevalence in some of the most populous countries of the world. Taken together, we can expect the burden of tobacco to remain high in years to come, unless the rate of progress is significantly accelerated. Many countries with persistently high levels of daily smoking recorded marginal progress in the past decade, and smoking remains a leading risk factor in most countries. The fact that tobacco use patterns diverge by location, level of development, and sex highlights the need for more tailored approaches to change smoking behaviours in the future. Particularly worrisome are the trends among young men and women. For example, in Indonesia, a country that has not yet ratified the FCTC,<xref rid="R31" ref-type="bibr">31</xref> more than half of men aged 20–24 years are daily smokers. Understanding what works—and what does not—for tobacco control across contexts and within subpopulations (ie, men and women, younger and older individuals, various socioeconomic groups) is of growing priority. To significantly and permanently change the toll of tobacco, a renewed and sustained focus is needed on comprehensive tobacco control policies around the world.</p></sec><sec id="S33"><title>Fasting plasma glucose</title><p id="P66">The global increase in FPG is likely tied to the increase in BMI. While exposure is increasing, age-standardised attributable mortaliy rate is not; a related pattern is that the prevalence of diabetes is increasing, but deaths from diabetes have been declining, likely because clinical management of the macrovascular complications of diabetes has improved in many (but not all) locations. Prevention trials show that with intensive resources devoted to weight loss and physical activity, reductions in FPG can be achieved; however, these interventions have not been implemented at a national scale and adherence in the long run is challenging. Systematic efforts to screen for high FPG implemented in some countries may increase awareness and action in more patients but can be resource-intensive. Clinical interventions to reduce FPG can be effective, although there are more recent debates on the appropriate targets for treatment in some cases. With FPG increasing in many settings, it is difficult to determine the population effect of treatment of blood sugar on population FPG. FPG remains one of the risk factors that is most likely influenced at the primary health-care level, emphasising the role of universal coverage for primary care in a multipronged response to this increasing problem.</p></sec><sec id="S34"><title>Body-mass index</title><p id="P67">One of the most alarming risks in the analysis is increased BMI, because its burden is large and increasing, and it is prevalent across all levels of SDI.<xref rid="R32" ref-type="bibr">32</xref>,<xref rid="R33" ref-type="bibr">33</xref> The potential drivers of this global epidemic include changes in food industries and systems, which increase availability, accessibility, and affordability of energy-dense foods, along with intense marketing of such foods, as well as reduced opportunities for physical activity.<xref rid="R34" ref-type="bibr">34</xref> A range of interventions have been proposed to reduce obesity, including restricting the advertisement of unhealthy foods to children, improving school meals, taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages, and taxation to reduce consumption of other unhealthy foods and subsidies to increase intake of healthy foods, and using supply-chain incentives to increase production of healthy foods.<xref rid="R35" ref-type="bibr">35</xref> However, the evidence base that many of these interventions can affect trends in obesity at scale is currently weak.<xref rid="R36" ref-type="bibr">36</xref> What we know without a doubt is that obesity rates continue to increase in almost all locations. Low-SDI and middle-SDI countries generally have little financial resources for nutrition programs and mostly rely on external donors whose programmes often preferentially target undernutrition.<xref rid="R37" ref-type="bibr">37</xref> The increase in exposure to high BMI is greater than the increase in attributable burden largely because cardiovascular disease death rates continue to decline because of other changes, particularly improvements in treatment and declines in smoking and high cholesterol. Proposed policies, even if fully implemented, are unlikely to rapidly reduce the prevalence of obesity. While not a solution to the rise of overweight and obesity, clinical interventions that control high SBP, cholesterol, and FPG (the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease) can be used to mitigate some of the cardiovascular ill-effects.<xref rid="R20" ref-type="bibr">20</xref> Expanded use of such interventions among obese people could effectively reduce the disease burden of high BMI. Sustained progress, however, will require policies that effectively control weight in childhood and in young and middle-aged adults.</p></sec><sec id="S35"><title>Diet</title><p id="P68">In GBD 2016, poor dietary habits were the second leading risk factor at Level 2 of the hierarchy for mortality globally, accounting for nearly one in every five deaths. The overall burden of dietary risks at the global level was 14·8% (11·7–18·5) lower than in GBD 2015. Additionally, important differences were observed in the attributable burden and the ranking of individual dietary risks. Multiple factors have contributed to these differences, including using more data sources, as well as improving the method of estimation of the mean and distribution of intake for each dietary factor. In GBD 2016, for the first time, we used sales data to inform our estimates of consumption for most dietary factors. Using sales data, in addition to improving our overall data coverage, allowed us to capture recent trends in consumption. This was particularly important for specific dietary factors, such as sugar-sweetened beverages, which have been the target of dietary policies in several countries.<xref rid="R38" ref-type="bibr">38</xref>–<xref rid="R43" ref-type="bibr">43</xref> Additionally, to improve the consistency of definitions of dietary risk factors across surveys, we made a systematic effort to obtain and re-extract individual-level data from nutrition surveys. To make the current level of intake and optimal level of intake more comparable, we used the absolute level of intake (rather than the intake standardised to 2000 kcal per day) as the primary exposure in GBD 2016. We also corrected our estimated daily intake of each individual dietary factor for within-person variation and characterised the usual intake at the population level. Finally, given the differences in the health effects and patterns of intake for legumes and vegetables, we estimated the burden of disease attributable to low intake of legumes and low intake of vegetables separately.</p><p id="P69">The decade of 2016–25 has been declared as the Decade of Action on Nutrition by the United Nations General Assembly.<xref rid="R44" ref-type="bibr">44</xref> GBD 2016 provides a comprehensive picture of various forms of malnutrition (ie, undernutrition, overweight or obesity, and poor dietary habits) across all countries at the start of the Decade of Action on Nutrition and can inform priorities for evidence-based interventions in each country. GBD also provides an independent avenue to annually monitor the progress of countries toward achieving their nutrition-related goals in a comparable and consistent manner. Our results show that among all forms of malnutrition, poor dietary habits, particularly low intake of healthy foods, is the leading risk factor for mortality. This finding has important implications for national governments and international organisations aiming at ending malnutrition over the next decade, highlighting the need for comprehensive food system interventions to promote the production, distribution, and consumption of healthy foods across nations.</p></sec><sec id="S36"><title>Low birthweight and short gestation</title><p id="P70">Low birthweight and short gestation have been added for GBD 2016; they are the third-leading global risk at Level 3 in the GBD risk hierarchy. Improvements in burden attributable to low birthweight and short gestation have been largely driven by other factors influencing neonatal death rates, given that exposure to low birthweight and short gestation have not improved much over the past 27 years. Little progress in exposure suggests suboptimal coverage of interventions and programmes that can prevent low birthweight and short gestation. These include women-centred services for optimising nutrition (including minimising obesity), infection control, smoking cessation, and preventive care for pregnant women or those contemplating pregnancy.<xref rid="R45" ref-type="bibr">45</xref>–<xref rid="R47" ref-type="bibr">47</xref> Efforts should also focus on maximising the quality of antenatal care services to identify and appropriately manage at-risk and high-risk pregnancies,<xref rid="R48" ref-type="bibr">48</xref> including avoidance of provider-initiated preterm delivery. If evidence-based interventions are employed, it should be possible even in resource-limited settings to shift the risk curve for those babies who will be born early, small, or both, despite best efforts. Before birth, this includes potentially antenatal steroid administration to promote lung development;<xref rid="R49" ref-type="bibr">49</xref> at birth, this requires presence of adequately trained and equipped neonatal resuscitation services;<xref rid="R50" ref-type="bibr">50</xref>,<xref rid="R51" ref-type="bibr">51</xref> post-delivery, it should include physicians with neonatal specialisation and availability of supportive equipment such as continuous positive airway pressure.<xref rid="R52" ref-type="bibr">52</xref> Facility-based infection control measures are crucial to prevent nosocomial transmission, as such events are highly lethal in low birthweight or short gestation neonates.<xref rid="R53" ref-type="bibr">53</xref> The inclusion of this risk for a major cause of DALYs—namely, neonatal mortality—also expands the share of overall burden that can be attributed to risks in general. More work remains, however, to understand the relationship between low birthweight and short gestation and childhood growth failure after 1 month. Our analysis to date may actually underestimate the importance of this risk if the share of childhood growth failure that can be traced to low birthweight and gestational age is fully established.</p></sec><sec id="S37"><title>Alcohol</title><p id="P71">Globally, alcohol is estimated to be the seventh-leading risk factor in 2016 in both DALYs (4·2% [3·7–4·6]) and deaths (5·2% [4·4–6·0]). Previous studies have noted the possibility that the preventive effects of alcohol might have been overstated due to selection bias and choice of the reference population.<xref rid="R2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>,<xref rid="R54" ref-type="bibr">54</xref>–<xref rid="R56" ref-type="bibr">56</xref> Our findings lend further credence to these hypotheses; with the exception of IHD, our results show either a minor or non-significant preventive effect for causes previously estimated to have large preventive effects. Further, our analysis noted a much larger risk of neoplasms due to alcohol use than previously reported. Combined with our new data for alcohol use exposure, alcohol use is ranked as one of the leading risk factors, surpassing cholesterol as a share of total DALYs, comparied with previous iterations of GBD.<xref rid="R4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>–<xref rid="R6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref></p></sec><sec id="S38"><title>Ensemble distributions</title><p id="P72">In GBD 2016 we have introduced a more accurate method for developing the distributions of exposure for many risk factors. Our work on distributions and the shift to ensemble distributions shows that the assessment of attributable burden is sensitive to distributional assumptions. Given that a number of risks, such as BMI, SBP, cholesterol, and FPG, rise exponentially as a function of exposure, the estimation of the tail of the distribution has an important effect on the results. The ensemble modelling approach can provide more accurate estimation of the full distribution, including the tails of the distribution. In general, we believe that the assessment of the distribution of the risks deserves more careful attention in future research.</p></sec></sec><sec id="S39"><title>Comparison of GBD 2016 to other estimates</title><p id="P73">The GBD study is the most comprehensive effort to conduct a population-level CRA across countries and risks. Differences between GBD 2016 estimates and other global estimates are generally related to approaches to data processing, access to data sources, and analysis decisions. For several risks, including smoking,<xref rid="R57" ref-type="bibr">57</xref> ambient ozone pollution, household air pollution from solid fuels, lead exposure,<xref rid="R58" ref-type="bibr">58</xref> intimate partner violence,<xref rid="R59" ref-type="bibr">59</xref> unsafe water source,<xref rid="R60" ref-type="bibr">60</xref> and breastfeeding, GBD estimates were lower than published WHO estimates.<xref rid="R57" ref-type="bibr">57</xref>–<xref rid="R60" ref-type="bibr">60</xref> These discrepancies can be attributed to different definitions, methodological decisions, granularity, and input data. For some findings, annual estimates might disagree, but regional patterns were consistent between WHO and GBD. UNICEF<xref rid="R61" ref-type="bibr">61</xref> produces estimates for child stunting that are lower than GBD estimates with some disagreement where progress has been made globally. There is more consistency in estimates between UNICEF and GBD for child wasting and child underweight.<xref rid="R61" ref-type="bibr">61</xref> GBD estimates for the prevalence of low birthweight and short gestation are slightly lower when compared with WHO estimates, but show similar geographical patterns.<xref rid="R62" ref-type="bibr">62</xref> Scientific literature reveals similar results to GBD for impaired kidney function<xref rid="R63" ref-type="bibr">63</xref> and low birthweight and short gestation;<xref rid="R64" ref-type="bibr">64</xref>,<xref rid="R65" ref-type="bibr">65</xref> research analysing ambient air pollution<xref rid="R66" ref-type="bibr">66</xref> differed from GBD estimates due to older methods and less granularity. Research published on iron-deficiency anaemia<xref rid="R67" ref-type="bibr">67</xref> differs from GBD in methods and definitions, resulting in generally higher GBD estimates. GBD estimates were much lower than published research on occupational estimates,<xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>,<xref rid="R68" ref-type="bibr">68</xref>,<xref rid="R69" ref-type="bibr">69</xref> largely due to different cause-outcome pairs and GBD’s application of the CRA approach (see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> p 10).</p></sec><sec id="S40"><title>Future directions</title><p id="P74">Interpretation of our results and prioritisation at the national level might also need to take into account the variable strength of evidence supporting the causal connection for each risk-outcome pair. In GBD 2016, we have continued to use the World Cancer Research Fund criteria of convincing or probable evidence to select risk-outcome pairs for inclusion. Some aspects of these definitions are subjective. Not all researchers would agree on the interpretation of the available evidence as fulfilling these criteria. For example, there are six studies on non-exclusive breastfeeding and LRI; there are two studies on discontinued breastfeeding and diarrhoeal diseases. We have sought to quantify the number of studies of different kinds that are available to support these judgements in <xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">table 1</xref>, but not all studies support causality to the same extent. Randomised trials, if well conducted, provide the strongest evidence of causality, because they are likely not affected by confounding. But even randomised trials can have biases when there are missing observations, as is often the case. Randomised trials are also not feasible in many cases, or if feasible, not representative for many risks, including environmental risks. Cohort studies can provide compelling evidence, but many cohorts do not adequately control for socioeconomic confounders and can suffer from many other issues related to the quality of exposure measurement or outcome ascertainment. To go beyond, the quantification of the number of studies of each type we have provided here will necessitate a deeper analysis of the potential limitations of all 2579 studies used across the risk-outcome pairs. In future work, we plan to evaluate the quality of each of these studies with a standardised approach and work toward an overall evidence summary. There is also a more fundamental philosophical question about the presentation of risk information. Should decision makers only pay attention to risk factor quantification for those risks supported by the strongest causal evidence such as randomised trials? Or do notions such as the precautionary principle suggest that we should pay attention to risk quantification even for risk-outcome pairs where the evidence is less definitive.<xref rid="R70" ref-type="bibr">70</xref>–<xref rid="R72" ref-type="bibr">72</xref> Because the social response to risks, particularly risks that might be emerging, can take considerable time, ignoring risks for which the evidence is less definitive might actually lead to worse outcomes for society. Conversely, in a world of scarce political and financial resources, devoting attention to risks that might turn out not to be causal might lead to less action on more well documented risks.</p><p id="P75">As part of future iterations of GBD, we plan to quantify the burden attributable to some distal social risks. We have embarked on this work, but it proves to have challenges that are qualitatively different than many of the risks included here. For nearly all risk-outcome pairs, we assume in the absence of other evidence that the RRs by age and sex are generalisable across populations (the exception is for BMI in Asian and non-Asian populations for breast cancer). In principle, if there is evidence of statistically significant RRs for different population groups, we would incorporate these into the CRA. For distal social risks, the pathways to outcomes can be modified in many ways by other risks or by health-system interventions. We expect that the RR due to low education for 40-year-old men would be different in Norway than in Kenya. Given the greater potential for variation in RRs for distal risks, inclusion in GBD will require more local quantification of RRs and then a further modelling step to estimate RRs for these determinants for all locations. Our first planned target for this quantification is educational attainment.</p><p id="P76">Given the global policy focus on the potential health effects of climate change driven by rising levels of greenhouse gases, and consequently temperature, we will add temperature and precipitation as risk factors that are quantified on an annual basis in future iterations of GBD. Even though most of the potential harm that might come from rising temperatures or extreme weather events will occur in the future, in some locations, we might already find significant attributable burden.<xref rid="R73" ref-type="bibr">73</xref> This analysis will need to examine the relationship between disease and mortality risk and temperature for each relevant outcome. For some outcomes, these relationships are likely to be U shaped, with an optimal temperature for minimum risk. These U-shaped relationships could mean that for some outcomes in some locations, rising temperature might reduce harm, even if in most locations it will increase burden. Likewise, a major issue in understanding the temperature and health outcome relationships is that we would expect these to be attenuated in high-SDI settings, where many individuals can protect themselves from some of the consequences. In other words, generalising from studies in high-SDI locations to other locations might underestimate the risk relationships.</p><p id="P77">In the GBD CRA approach, the TMREL is the level of risk exposure that leads to minimum risk for individuals. In principle, the TMREL could vary by location, age, and sex. To date, the TMREL in the GBD work has been selected to be universal. For more detail on TMREL, see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 22). The analysis of alcohol, where for IHD there is a protective effect at mild to moderate consumption but a harmful effect for neoplasms and injuries, is a good example of where it would be desirable to vary TMREL by age. In younger ages, injuries will be more important than cardiovascular diseases, pushing the TMREL toward zero consumption of alcohol, whereas at older ages, the TMREL might be higher. Letting the TMREL vary by age and sex and even location will add an extra analytical step to GBD; like all other estimation steps, this can have estimation error. To date, we have thought the estimation error associated with a TMREL that varies may not make the effort worthwhile. As evidence accumulates on some risks like alcohol, we will carefully evaluate this position.</p></sec><sec id="S41"><title>Limitations</title><p id="P78">A study of this scope has many limitations. Here we discuss the limitations that apply to the overall risk factor analytical framework and limitations in the estimation approach for new risks and risks that have undertaken significant revisions from GBD 2015. More details and limitations of the analytical approach for each risk factor are presented in <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix 1</xref> (p 43). First, we continue to include risk-outcome pairs that meet the World Cancer Research Fund criteria of convincing or probable evidence for causality. While these criteria have proven a useful bar for inclusion, there is an important subjective element to their interpretation. Some risk-outcome pairs included in this study might not meet these criteria or alternative criteria that are developed as new randomised trials, cohort studies, or case-control studies are published. Second, we used published cohort studies to evaluate the degree to which different risks are mediated through other risks. Estimates of pathways of mediation are used to compute the burden attributable to aggregates of risk factors such as all behavioural risks or all risks combined. While we have conducted pooled cohort analyses to strengthen the assessment of mediation, this work was not yet ready for inclusion in this assessment. Pooled cohort studies have the advantage of providing a more standardised framework for assessing mediation across multiple risks. A related issue is the validation of the aggregation of risks in GBD. Pooled cohort studies will allow (in some circumstances) the opportunity to estimate if the aggregation of GBD RRs is as predictive of outcomes as suggested by the risk-by-risk analysis with mediation. Third, we have used the Das Gupta formula applied for each 5-year interval and for GBD Level 3 causes. Aggregations at higher levels of causes and for longer periods of time are based on these more granular analyses to guarantee consistency. Given the non-linear nature of the Das Gupta decomposition formula, however, alternative results are possible using different time periods and causes in the formula. Fourth, we have introduced the use of ensemble distributions to improve the empirical fitting of distributions of risk exposure in settings where only mean and standard deviation are known or where we use models to predict the mean and standard deviation of exposure. Ensemble models provide more accurate fits as assessed out of sample for settings with microdata. The underlying assumption is that the same ensemble weights are applicable across all settings. It is possible that the shape of distributions of risk exposure might vary across locations, for example because of the effects of access to treatment.</p><p id="P79">Limitations that apply to new risks in GBD 2016 or risks with significant estimation updates are presented here. For low birthweight and short gestation, we have included the effect of low birthweight and short gestation only on neonatal outcomes; we have not found the evidence to meet our inclusion criteria for the link between low birthweight and short gestation and NCDs in adult age groups. Our analysis of RRs has used a very large US-linked birth cohort dataset and much more limited data from middle-SDI and low-SDI populations. Given the large number of observations from the USA, our results are heavily influenced by the pattern of RRs across birthweight and gestational age in that population. The microdata used to develop the ensemble distributions for birthweight and gestational age are largely from middle-SDI and high-SDI locations. The estimation of alcohol use relies heavily on sales data, which are limited and whose quality we cannot easily assess. Also, the estimation of unrecorded consumption of alcohol is based on limited data and has significant uncertainty; nevertheless, we feel it is important to include it and plan to continue to look for additional sources of information to improve the estimation of unrecorded consumption in future iterations of GBD. Lastly, methods for calculating TMREL rely on observed DALYs for a given time rather than on the expected share of DALYs estimated from alcohol use alone. Future iterations of GBD will likely need to test this assumption further and determine if separate TMREL by age and sex should be calculated.</p></sec><sec sec-type="conclusions" id="S42"><title>Conclusion</title><p id="P80">Understanding the levels and trends of major risks for human health is essential to prioritise public health action and evaluate the success of different programmes and policies. This study provides a comprehensive and comparable assessment of 84 metabolic, environmental, occupational, and behavioural risks across locations and time. Our findings show that risk modification has been an important contributor to reductions in communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional causes, but has played a relatively small part in trends in NCDs. Conflicting trends in risks for NCDs at the global level, such as the decline in smoking prevalence coupled with the rise in obesity, FPG, and SBP, account for this finding. By contrast with trends in diseases and injuries at the global level and even at the national level, there is much greater heterogeneity of global trends across risks and considerable geographical variation in leading risks as well. Public health action in each country and region needs to focus on the major risks in that community. Our findings reinforce the crucial need for robust monitoring of the exposure to risks to health and assessment of the evidence supporting causal effects for each risk-outcome pair; GBD provides the main global mechanism for this monitoring function.</p></sec></sec><sec sec-type="supplementary-material" id="SM"><title>Supplementary Material</title><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD1"><label>Appendix 1</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS74189-supplement-Appendix_1.pdf" mimetype="application" mime-subtype="pdf" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d36e733" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material><supplementary-material content-type="local-data" id="SD2"><label>Appendix 2</label><media xlink:href="NIHMS74189-supplement-Appendix_2.pdf" mimetype="application" mime-subtype="pdf" orientation="portrait" xlink:type="simple" id="d36e737" position="anchor"></media></supplementary-material></sec></body><back><ack id="S43"><title>Acknowledgments</title><p>The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics granted the researchers access to
relevant data in accordance with license no. SLN2014-3-170, after subjecting data to
processing aiming to preserve the confidentiality of individual data in accordance
with the General Statistics Law–2000. The researchers are solely responsible
for the conclusions and inferences drawn upon available data. We thank the Russia
Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, RLMS-HSE, conducted by the National Research
University Higher School of Economics and ZAO “Demoscope” together
with Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the
Institute of Sociology RAS for making these data available. The Panel Study of
Income Dynamics is primarily sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the
National Institute of Aging, and the National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development and is conducted by the University of Michigan. This research used data
from the National Health Survey 2003 and the National Health Survey 2009–10.
The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Health Survey copyright owner, allowing
them to have the database. All results of the study are those of the author and in
no way committed to the Ministry. This research uses data from Add Health, a program
project designed by J Richard Udry, Peter S Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris, and
funded by a grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of
Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 17 other agencies.
Special acknowledgment is due to Ronald R Rindfuss and Barbara Entwisle for
assistance in the original design. Persons interested in obtaining data files from
Add Health should contact Add Health, Carolina Population Center, 123 W Franklin
Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-2524 (<email>addhealth@unc.edu</email>). No direct
support was received from grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis. The HRS (Health and
Retirement Study) is sponsored by the National Institute on Aging (grant number NIA
U01AG009740) and is conducted by the University of Michigan. This paper uses data
from <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.share-project.org/">SHARE</ext-link> Waves 1, 2, 3 (SHARELIFE), 4, 5 and 6 (DOIs: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6103/SHARE.w1.600">10.6103/SHARE.w1.600</ext-link>, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6103/SHARE.w2.600">10.6103/SHARE.w2.600</ext-link>, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6103/SHARE.w3.600">10.6103/SHARE.w3.600</ext-link>, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6103/SHARE.w4.600">10.6103/SHARE.w4.600</ext-link>, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6103/SHARE.w5.600">10.6103/SHARE.w5.600</ext-link>, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.6103/SHARE.w6.600">10.6103/SHARE.w6.600</ext-link>), see Börsch-Supan et al. (2013) for
methodological details. (1) The SHARE data collection has been primarily funded by
the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3:
RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812)
and FP7 (SHARE-PREP: N°211909, SHARE-LEAP: N°227822, SHARE M4:
N°261982). Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and
Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the US National
Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2, P01_AG005842, P01_AG08291, P30_AG12815,
R21_AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG_BSR06-11, OGHA_04-064, HHSN271201300071C) and from
various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged. <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.hbsc.org">HBSC</ext-link> is an
international study carried out in collaboration with WHO/EURO. The International
Coordinator of the 1997/98, 2001/02, 2005/06 and 2009/10 surveys was Candace Currie
and the Data Bank Manager for the 1997/98 survey was Bente Wold, whereas for the
following survey Prof Oddrun Samdal was the Databank Manager. A list of principal
investigator in each country can be found online.. This analysis uses data or
information from the LASI Pilot micro data and documentation. The development and
release of the LASI Pilot Study was funded by the National Institute on
Ageing/National Institute of Health (R21AG032572, R03AG043052, and R01 AG030153).
The data used in this paper come from the 2009–10 Ghana Socioeconomic Panel
Study Survey which is a nationally representative survey of over 5000 households in
Ghana. The survey is a joint effort undertaken by the Institute of Statistical,
Social and Economic Research (ISSER) at the University of Ghana, and the Economic
Growth Centre (EGC) at Yale University. It was funded by the Economic Growth Center.
At the same time, ISSER and the EGC are not responsible for the estimations reported
by the analyst(s). The data reported here have been supplied by the United States
Renal Data System (USRDS). The interpretation and reporting of these data are the
responsibility of the author(s) and in no way should be seen as an official policy
or interpretation of the US Government. We thank the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring
Survey, RLMS-HSE, conducted by the National Research University Higher School of
Economics and ZAO “Demoscope” together with Carolina Population
Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Institute of Sociology
RAS for making these data available.</p></ack><fn-group><fn fn-type="con" id="FN2"><p id="P81"><bold>Contributors</bold></p><p id="P82">Please see <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="SD1">appendix
1</xref> (p i) for more detailed information about individual
authors’ contributions to the research, divided into the following
categories: managing the estimation process; writing the first draft of the
manuscript; providing data or critical feedback on data sources; developing
methods or computational machinery; applying analytical methods to produce
estimates; providing critical feedback on methods or results; drafting the work
or revising it critically for important intellectual content; extracting,
cleaning, or cataloguing data; designing or coding figures and tables; and
managing the overall research enterprise.</p></fn></fn-group><app-group><app id="APP1"><label>*</label><title>GBD 2016 Risk Factors Collaborators</title><p id="P2">Emmanuela Gakidou, Ashkan Afshin, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Kalkidan Hassen
Abate, Cristiana Abbafati, Kaja M Abbas, Foad Abd-Allah, Abdishakur M Abdulle,
Semaw Ferede Abera, Victor Aboyans, Laith J Abu-Raddad, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh,
Gebre Yitayih Abyu, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Olatunji Adetokunboh, Mohsen
Afarideh, Anurag Agrawal, Sutapa Agrawal, Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri, Hamid
Ahmadieh, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Amani Nidhal Aichour, Ibtihel Aichour, Miloud
Taki Eddine Aichour, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Nadia Akseer, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad
Al-Aly, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Tahiya Alam, Deena Alasfoor, Kefyalew Addis
Alene, Komal Ali, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, Ala’a Alkerwi, François
Alla, Peter Allebeck, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Ubai Alsharif, Khalid A Altirkawi,
Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Azmeraw T Amare, Erfan Amini, Walid Ammar, Yaw Ampem
Amoako, Hossein Ansari, Josep M Antó, Carl Abelardo T Antonio, Palwasha
Anwari, Nicholas Arian, Johan Ärnlöv, Al Artaman, Krishna Kumar
Aryal, Hamid Asayesh, Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom, Tesfay Mehari Atey, Leticia
Avila-Burgos, Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokpaho, Ashish Awasthi, Peter
Azzopardi, Umar Bacha, Alaa Badawi, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Shoshana H Ballew,
Aleksandra Barac, Ryan M Barber, Suzanne L Barker-Collo, Till
Bärnighausen, Simon Barquera, Lars Barregard, Lope H Barrero, Carolina
Batis, Katherine E Battle, Bernhard T Baune, Justin Beardsley, Neeraj Bedi,
Ettore Beghi, Michelle L Bell, Derrick A Bennett, James R Bennett, Isabela M
Bensenor, Adugnaw Berhane, Derbew Fikadu Berhe, Eduardo Bernabé, Balem
Demtsu Betsu, Mircea Beuran, Addisu Shunu Beyene, Anil Bhansali, Zulfiqar A
Bhutta, Boris Bikbov, Charles Birungi, Stan Biryukov, Christopher D Blosser,
Dube Jara Boneya, Ibrahim R Bou-Orm, Michael Brauer, Nicholas J K Breitborde,
Hermann Brenner, Traolach S Brugha, Lemma Negesa Bulto Bulto, Blair R
Baumgarner, Zahid A Butt, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Rosario Cárdenas, Juan
Jesus Carrero, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Ferrán
Catalá-López, Kelly Cercy, Hsing-Yi Chang, Fiona J Charlson,
Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa, Abdulaal A Chitheer, Hanne
Christensen, Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher, Massimo Cirillo, Aaron J Cohen,
Haley Comfort, Cyrus Cooper, Josef Coresh, Leslie Cornaby, Paolo Angelo Cortesi,
Michael H Criqui, John A Crump, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, José das
Neves, Gail Davey, Dragos V Davitoiu, Kairat Davletov, Barbora de Courten,
Louisa Degenhardt, Selina Deiparine, Robert P Dellavalle, Kebede Deribe,
Aniruddha Deshpande, Samath D Dharmaratne, Eric L Ding, Shirin Djalalinia, Huyen
Phuc Do, Klara Dokova, David Teye Doku, E Ray Dorsey, Tim R Driscoll, Manisha
Dubey, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Sarah Duncan, Natalie Ebert, Hedyeh Ebrahimi,
Ziad Ziad El-Khatib, Ahmadali Enayati, Aman Yesuf Endries, Sergey Petrovich
Ermakov, Holly E Erskine, Babak Eshrati, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Alireza
Esteghamati, Kara Estep, Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon, Carla Sofia e Sa Farinha,
André Faro, Farshad Farzadfar, Kairsten Fay, Valery L Feigin,
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, João C Fernandes, Alize J Ferrari, Tesfaye
Regassa Feyissa, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Christina Fitzmaurice, Abraham D
Flaxman, Nataliya Foigt, Kyle J Foreman, Joseph J Frostad, Nancy Fullman, Thomas
Fürst, Joao M Furtado, Morsaleh Ganji, Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro, Tsegaye
Tewelde Gebrehiwot, Johanna M Geleijnse, Ayele Geleto, Bikila Lencha Gemechu,
Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Peter W Gething, Alireza Ghajar, Katherine B Gibney,
Paramjit Singh Gill, Richard F Gillum, Ababi Zergaw Giref, Melkamu Dedefo Gishu,
Giorgia Giussani, William W Godwin, Philimon N Gona, Amador Goodridge, Sameer
Vali Gopalani, Yevgeniy Goryakin, Alessandra Carvalho Goulart, Nicholas Graetz,
Harish Chander Gugnani, Jingwen Guo, Rajeev Gupta, Tanush Gupta, Vipin Gupta,
Reyna A Gutiérrez, Vladimir Hachinski, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Gessessew
Bugssa Hailu, Randah Ribhi Hamadeh, Samer Hamidi, Mouhanad Hammami, Alexis J
Handal, Graeme J Hankey, Hilda L Harb, Habtamu Abera Hareri, Mohammad Sadegh
Hassanvand, Rasmus Havmoeller, Caitlin Hawley, Simon I Hay, Mohammad T Hedayati,
Delia Hendrie, Ileana Beatriz Heredia-Pi, Hans W Hoek, Nobuyuki Horita, H Dean
Hosgood, Sorin Hostiuc, Damian G Hoy, Mohamed Hsairi, Guoqing Hu, Hsiang Huang,
John J Huang, Kim Moesgaard Iburg, Chad Ikeda, Manami Inoue, Caleb Mackay
Salpeter Irvine, Maria Delores Jackson, Kathryn H Jacobsen, Nader Jahanmehr,
Mihajlo (Michael) B Jakovljevic, Alejandra Jauregui, Mehdi Javanbakht,
Panniyammakal Jeemon, Lars R K Johansson, Catherine O Johnson, Jost B Jonas,
Mikk Jürisson, Zubair Kabir, Rajendra Kadel, Amaha Kahsay, Ritul Kamal,
André Karch, Corine Kakizi Karema, Amir Kasaeian, Nicholas J Kassebaum,
Anshul Kastor, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Norito Kawakami, Peter Njenga
Keiyoro, Sefonias Getachew Kelbore, Laura Kemmer, Andre Pascal Kengne,
Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran, Yousef Saleh Khader, Ibrahim A Khalil, Ejaz
Ahmad Khan, Young-Ho Khang, Ardeshir Khosravi, Jagdish Khubchandani, Christian
Kieling, Daniel Kim, Jun Y Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Yohannes Kinfu,
Adnan Kisa, Katarzyna A Kissimova-Skarbek, Mika Kivimaki, Luke D Knibbs, Ann
Kristin Knudsen, Jacek A Kopec, Soewarta Kosen, Parvaiz A Koul, Ai Koyanagi,
Michael Kravchenko, Kristopher J Krohn, Hans Kromhout, Barthelemy Kuate Defo,
Burcu Kucuk Bicer, G Anil Kumar, Michael Kutz, Hmwe H Kyu, Dharmesh Kumar Lal,
Ratilal Lalloo, Tea Lallukka, Qing Lan, Van C Lansingh, Anders Larsson,
Alexander Lee, Paul H Lee, James Leigh, Janni Leung, Miriam Levi, Yichong Li,
Yongmei Li, Xiaofeng Liang, Misgan Legesse Liben, Shai Linn, Patrick Liu, Rakesh
Lodha, Giancarlo Logroscino, Katherine J Looker, Alan D Lopez, Stefan Lorkowski,
Paulo A Lotufo, Rafael Lozano, Raimundas Lunevicius, Erlyn Rachelle King
Macarayan, Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek, Marek Majdan,
Reza Majdzadeh, Azeem Majeed, Reza Malekzadeh, Rajesh Malhotra, Deborah Carvalho
Malta, Abdullah A Mamun, Helena Manguerra, Lorenzo G Mantovani, Chabila C
Mapoma, Randall V Martin, Jose Martinez-Raga, Francisco Rogerlândio
Martins-Melo, Manu Raj Mathur, Kunihiro Matsushita, Richard Matzopoulos, Mohsen
Mazidi, Colm McAlinden, John J McGrath, Suresh Mehata, Man Mohan Mehndiratta,
Toni Meier, Yohannes Adama Melaku, Peter Memiah, Ziad A Memish, Walter Mendoza,
Melkamu Merid Mengesha, George A Mensah, Gert B M Mensink, Seid Tiku Mereta,
Atte Meretoja, Tuomo J Meretoja, Haftay Berhane Mezgebe, Renata Micha, Anoushka
Millear, Ted R Miller, Shawn Minnig, Mojde Mirarefin, Erkin M Mirrakhimov, Awoke
Misganaw, Shiva Raj Mishra, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad, Kedir Endris Mohammed,
Shafiu Mohammed, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Murali B V Mohan, Ali H Mokdad,
Lorenzo Monasta, Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez, Marcella Montico, Maziar
Moradi-Lakeh, Paula Moraga, Lidia Morawska, Shane D Morrison, Cliff
Mountjoy-Venning, Ulrich O Mueller, Erin C Mullany, Kate Muller, Gudlavalleti
Venkata Satyanarayana Murthy, Kamarul Imran Musa, Mohsen Naghavi, Aliya Naheed,
Vinay Nangia, Gopalakrishnan Natarajan, Ionut Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Cuong
Tat Nguyen, Grant Nguyen, Minh Nguyen, Quyen Le Nguyen, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Emma
Nichols, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Marika Nomura, Vuong Minh Nong, Ole F
Norheim, Bo Norrving, Jean Jacques N Noubiap, Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer, Felix
Akpojene Ogbo, In-Hwan Oh, Olanrewaju Oladimeji, Andrew Toyin Olagunju, Tinuke
Oluwasefunmi Olagunju, Pedro R Olivares, Helen E Olsen, Bolajoko Olubukunola
Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, John Nelson Opio, Eyal Oren, Alberto Ortiz,
Erika Ota, Mayowa O Owolabi, Mahesh PA, Rosana E Pacella, Adrian Pana, Basant
Kumar Panda, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jeyaraj D Pandian, Christina Papachristou,
Eun-Kee Park, Charles D Parry, Scott B Patten, George C Patton, David M Pereira,
Norberto Perico, Konrad Pesudovs, Max Petzold, Michael Robert Phillips, Julian
David Pillay, Michael A Piradov, Farhad Pishgar, Dietrich Plass, Martin A
Pletcher, Suzanne Polinder, Svetlana Popova, Richie G Poulton, Farshad
Pourmalek, Narayan Prasad, Carrie Purcell, Mostafa Qorbani, Amir Radfar, Anwar
Rafay, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mahfuzar Rahman, Mohammad
Hifz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Rajesh Kumar Rai, Sasa Rajsic, Usha Ram,
Salman Rawaf, Colin D Rehm, Jürgen Rehm, Robert C Reiner, Marissa B
Reitsma, Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Andre M N Renzaho,
Serge Resnikoff, Satar Rezaei, Antonio L Ribeiro, Juan A Rivera, Kedir Teji
Roba, David Rojas-Rueda, Yesenia Roman, Robin Room, Gholamreza Roshandel,
Gregory A Roth, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Enrico Rubagotti, Lesley Rushton, Nafis
Sadat, Mahdi Safdarian, Sare Safi, Saeid Safiri, Ramesh Sahathevan, Joseph
Salama, Joshua A Salomon, Abdallah M Samy, Juan Ramon Sanabria, Maria Dolores
Sanchez-Niño, Tania G Sánchez-Pimienta, Damian Santomauro, Itamar
S Santos, Milena M Santric Milicevic, Benn Sartorius, Maheswar Satpathy, Monika
Sawhney, Sonia Saxena, Elke Schaeffner, Maria Inês Schmidt, Ione J C
Schneider, Aletta E Schutte, David C Schwebel, Falk Schwendicke, Soraya Seedat,
Sadaf G Sepanlou, Berrin Serdar, Edson E Servan-Mori, Gavin Shaddick, Amira
Shaheen, Saeid Shahraz, Masood Ali Shaikh, Teresa Shamah Levy, Mansour
Shamsipour, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Jayendra
Sharma, Rajesh Sharma, Jun She, Jiabin Shen, Peilin Shi, Kenji Shibuya, Chloe
Shields, Mekonnen Sisay Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Min-Jeong Shin, Rahman Shiri,
Reza Shirkoohi, Kawkab Shishani, Haitham Shoman, Mark G Shrime, Inga Dora
Sigfusdottir, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, João Pedro Silva, Dayane
Gabriele Alves Silveira, Jasvinder A Singh, Virendra Singh, Dhirendra Narain
Sinha, Eirini Skiadaresi, Erica Leigh Slepak, David L Smith, Mari Smith, Badr H
A Sobaih, Eugene Sobngwi, Samir Soneji, Reed J D Sorensen, Luciano A Sposato,
Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Vinay Srinivasan, Nicholas Steel, Dan J Stein,
Caitlyn Steiner, Sabine Steinke, Mark Andrew Stokes, Bryan Strub, Michelle
Subart, Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Rizwan Abdulkader Suliankatchi, Patrick J Sur,
Soumya Swaminathan, Bryan L Sykes, Cassandra E I Szoeke, Rafael
Tabarés-Seisdedos, Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla, Ken Takahashi, Jukka S
Takala, Nikhil Tandon, Marcel Tanner, Yihunie L Tarekegn, Mohammad Tavakkoli,
Teketo Kassaw Tegegne, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,
Belay Tesssema, JS Thakur, Ornwipa Thamsuwan, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan,
Andrew M Theis, Matthew Lloyd Thomas, Alan J Thomson, Amanda G Thrift, Taavi
Tillmann, Ruoyan Tobe-Gai, Myriam Tobollik, Mette C Tollanes, Marcello Tonelli,
Roman Topor-Madry, Anna Torre, Miguel Tortajada, Mathilde Touvier, Bach Xuan
Tran, Thomas Truelsen, Kald Beshir Tuem, Emin Murat Tuzcu, Stefanos Tyrovolas,
Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja, Chigozie Jesse Uneke, Rachel Updike, Olalekan A Uthman,
Job F M van Boven, Aaron van Donkelaar, Santosh Varughese, Tommi Vasankari,
Lennert J Veerman, Vidhya Venkateswaran, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,
Francesco S Violante, Sergey K Vladimirov, Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov, Stein
Emil Vollset, Theo Vos, Fiseha Wadilo, Tolassa Wakayo, Mitchell T Wallin,
Yuan-Pang Wang, Scott Weichenthal, Elisabete Weiderpass, Robert G Weintraub,
Daniel J Weiss, Andrea Werdecker, Ronny Westerman, Harvey A Whiteford, Charles
Shey Wiysonge, Belete Getahun Woldeyes, Charles D A Wolfe, Rachel Woodbrook,
Abdulhalik Workicho, Sarah Wulf Hanson, Denis Xavier, Gelin Xu, Simon Yadgir,
Bereket Yakob, Lijing L Yan, Mehdi Yaseri, Hassen Hamid Yimam, Paul Yip, Naohiro
Yonemoto, Seok-Jun Yoon, Marcel Yotebieng, Mustafa Z Younis, Zoubida Zaidi,
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Luis Zavala-Arciniega, Xueying Zhang, Stephanie Raman M
Zimsen, Ben Zipkin, Sanjay Zodpey, Stephen S Lim, Christopher J L Murray.</p></app><app id="APP2"><title>Affiliations</title><p id="P4">Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (Prof E Gakidou PhD, A Afshin
MD, T Alam MPH, K Ali BSc, N Arian BA, R M Barber BS, J R Bennett BA, S Biryukov
BS, Prof M Brauer ScD, B Bumgarner MBA, K Cercy BS, F J Charlson PhD, A J Cohen
DSc, H Comfort BS, L Cornaby BS, Prof L Dandona MD, Prof R Dandona PhD, Prof L
Degenhardt PhD, S Deiparine, A Deshpande MPH, S Duncan, H E Erskine PhD, K Estep
MPA, K Fay BS, A J Ferrari PhD, C Fitzmaurice MD, A D Flaxman PhD, K J Foreman
PhD, J J Frostad MPH, N Fullman MPH, W W Godwin BS, N Graetz MPH, J Guo BS, C
Hawley MSPH, Prof S I Hay DSc, C Ikeda BS, C M S Irvine BA, C O Johnson PhD, N J
Kassebaum MD, L Kemmer PhD, I A Khalil MD, J Y Kim BS, K J Krohn BA, M Kutz BS,
H H Kyu PhD, A Lee BA, J Leung PhD, Prof S S Lim PhD, P Liu MPH, H Manguerra BS,
A Millear BA, S Minnig MS, M Mirarefin MPH, A Misganaw PhD, Prof A H Mokdad PhD,
C Mountjoy-Venning BA, E C Mullany BA, K Muller MPH, Prof M Naghavi PhD, G
Nguyen MPH, M Nguyen BS, E Nichols BA, H E Olsen MA, M A Pletcher BS, C Purcell
BS, R C Reiner PhD, M B Reitsma BS, Y Roman MLIS, G A Roth MD, N Sadat MA, J
Salama MSc, D Santomauro PhD, C Shields BS, E L Slepak MLIS, Prof D L Smith PhD,
M Smith MPA, R J D Sorensen MPH, V Srinivasan BA, C Steiner MPH, B Strub BS, M
Subart BA, P J Sur BA, O Thamsuwan PhD, A M Theis BA, A Torre BS, R Updike AB, V
Venkateswaran BDS, Prof S E Vollset DrPH, Prof T Vos PhD, Prof H A Whiteford
PhD, R Woodbrook MLIS, S Wulf Hanson MPH, S Yadgir BS, S R M Zimsen MA, B Zipkin
BS, Prof C J L Murray DPhil), Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine (C
Fitzmaurice MD), Center for Health Trends and Forecasts, Institute for Health
Metrics and Evaluation (Prof M B Jakovljevic PhD), University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA (C D Blosser MD, S D Morrison MD); School of Public Health (A A
Abajobir MPH, F J Charlson PhD, H E Erskine PhD, A J Ferrari PhD, L D Knibbs
PhD, J Leung PhD, D Santomauro PhD, L J Veerman PhD, Prof H A Whiteford PhD),
School of Dentistry (Prof R Lalloo PhD), University of Queensland, Brisbane,
QLD, Australia (S R Mishra MPH); Department of Epidemiology, College of Health
Sciences (M B Ahmed MPH), Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia (K H Abate MS, Prof
T T Gebrehiwot MPH, H A Gesesew MPH, S T Mereta PhD, T Wakayo MS, A Workicho
MPH); La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (C Abbafati PhD); Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA, USA (Prof K M Abbas PhD); Department of Neurology, Cairo
University, Cairo, Egypt (Prof F Abd-Allah MD); New York University Abu Dhabi,
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (A M Abdulle PhD); School of Public Health (S F
Abera MSc, Y A Melaku MPH), College of Health Sciences (S F Abera MSc, K E
Mohammed MPH), School of Pharmacy (D F Berhe MS), Mekelle University, Mekelle,
Ethiopia (Prof G Y Abyu MS, S W Asgedom MS, T M Atey MS, B D Betsu MS, G B Hailu
MSc, A Kahsay MPH, H B Mezgebe MS, K B Tuem MS); Food Security and Institute for
Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
(S F Abera MSc); Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France (Prof V Aboyans
PhD); Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medical College in
Qatar, Doha, Qatar (L J Abu-Raddad PhD); Institute of Community and Public
Health, Birzeit University, Ramallah, Palestine (N M Abu-Rmeileh PhD); Olabisi
Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria (I A Adedeji MS); Department of
Psychiatry (Prof C D Parry PhD), Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South
Africa (O Adetokunboh MD, Prof S Seedat PhD, Prof C S Wiysonge PhD); CSIR -
Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India (A Agrawal PhD);
Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (A
Agrawal PhD); Centre for Control of Chronic Conditions (P Jeemon PhD), Indian
Institute of Public Health (Prof G V S Murthy MD), Public Health Foundation of
India, Gurugram, India (S Agrawal PhD, Prof L Dandona MD, Prof R Dandona PhD, G
A Kumar PhD, D K Lal MD, M R Mathur PhD, Prof S Zodpey PhD); Department of
Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit (A Ahmad
Kiadaliri PhD), Skane University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund,
Neurology (Prof B Norrving PhD), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Ophthalmic
Research Center (H Ahmadieh MD, S Safi MS, M Yaseri PhD), School of Public
Health (N Jahanmehr PhD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran; Department of Ophthalmology, Labbafinejad Medical Center, Tehran,
Iran (H Ahmadieh MD); University Ferhat Abbas of Setif, Setif, Algeria (A N
Aichour BS); National Institute of Nursing Education, Setif, Algeria (I Aichour
MS); High National School of Veterinary Medicine, Algiers, Algeria (M T Aichour
MD); University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria (R O Akinyemi PhD); Newcastle
University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (R O Akinyemi PhD); Centre for Global Child
Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada (N Akseer MSc, Z A
Bhutta PhD); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (N Akseer MSc, Prof J Rehm PhD),
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (A Badawi PhD), Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health (S Popova PhD), University of Toronto, Toronto,
ON, Canada; Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research,
Rochester, MN, USA (F Alahdab MD); Syrian American Medical Society, Washington,
DC, USA (F Alahdab MD); Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA (Z
Al-Aly MD); Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (K Alam PhD, P Azzopardi PhD, R
G Weintraub MBBS), Department of Paediatrics (P Azzopardi PhD, Prof G C Patton
MD), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (Prof A D Lopez PhD),
Department of Medicine (A Meretoja PhD), Institute of Health and Ageing (Prof C
E I Szoeke PhD), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (K Alam
PhD, M A Rahman PhD, R G Weintraub MBBS); Sydney School of Public Health (Prof T
R Driscoll PhD), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (K Alam PhD, J
Leigh PhD); Department of Health, Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (N Alam
MAppEpid); Ministry of Health, Al Khuwair, Oman (D Alasfoor MSc); Department of
Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health (K A Alene MPH),
University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia (B Tesssema PhD); Department of Global
Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University,
Canberra, ACT, Australia (K A Alene MPH); Gastrointestinal Cancer Research
Center (R Alizadeh-Navaei PhD), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology,
School of Medicine (Prof M T Hedayati PhD), Mazandaran University of Medical
Sciences, Sari, Iran; Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg (A
Alkerwi PhD); School of Public Health, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
(Prof F Alla PhD); Department of Public Health Sciences (P Allebeck PhD, Z Z
El-Khatib PhD), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division
of Family Medicine and Primary Care (Prof J Ärnlöv PhD),
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Prof J J Carrero PhD, E
Weiderpass PhD), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS) (S
Fereshtehnejad PhD), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R Havmoeller
PhD); Joint Program of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (R
Al-Raddadi PhD); Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (U
Alsharif MPH, N Ebert MD, Prof E Schaeffner MSc); King Saud University, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia (K A Altirkawi MD, B H A Sobaih MD); Universidad de Cartagena,
Cartagena de Indias, Colombia (Prof N Alvis-Guzman PhD); School of Medicine (A T
Amare MPH, Prof B T Baune PhD, Y A Melaku MPH), Discipline of Psychiatry, School
of Medicine (A T Olagunju MD), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South
Australia, Australia; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar
University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (A T Amare MPH); Uro-Oncology Research Center (E
Amini MD, F Pishgar MD), Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (H Ebrahimi
MD, F Farzadfar MD, A Khosravi PhD, F Pishgar MD), Endocrinology and Metabolism
Research Center (E Amini MD, Prof A Esteghamati MD, N Hafezi-Nejad MD, A
Kasaeian PhD), Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental
Research (M S Hassanvand PhD), Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation
Research Center (A Kasaeian PhD), Knowledge Utilization Research Center and
Community Based Participatory Research Center (Prof R Majdzadeh PhD), Liver and
Pancreaticobiliary Diseases Research Center (H Ebrahimi MD), Digestive Diseases
Research Institute (Prof R Malekzadeh MD, G Roshandel PhD, S G Sepanlou PhD),
Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS) (A Rahimi-Movaghar MD),
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center (Prof V Rahimi-Movaghar MD, M Safdarian
MD), Institute for Environmental Research (M Shamsipour PhD), Cancer Research
Center (Prof R Shirkoohi PhD), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Terhan,
Iran (M Afarideh MD, M Ganji MD, A Ghajar MD, M Yaseri PhD); Ministry of Public
Health, Beirut, Lebanon (W Ammar PhD, I R Bou-Orm MD, H L Harb MPH); Department
of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana (Y A Amoako MD);
Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H Ansari PhD); ISGlobal
Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain (Prof J M Antó
MD); Department of Health Policy and Administration, College of Public Health (C
A T Antonio MD, E J A Faraon MD), University of the Philippines Manila, Manila,
Philippines; Self-employed, Kabul, Afghanistan (P Anwari MS); School of Health
and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden (Prof J
Ärnlöv PhD); University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada (A
Artaman PhD); Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal (K K Aryal MPH);
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (K K Aryal MPH); Department of Medical
Emergency, School of Paramedic, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran (H
Asayesh MS); National Council for Science and Technology (C Batis PhD), National
Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico (L Avila-Burgos PhD, S Barquera
PhD, L Cahuana-Hurtado PhD, I B Heredia-Pi PhD, A Jauregui MSc, R Lozano PhD, J
C Montañez Hernandez MSc, L M Reynales-Shigematsu PhD, Prof J A Rivera
PhD, T G Sánchez-Pimienta MSc, Prof E E Servan-Mori MSc, T Shamah Levy
PhD, L Zavala-Arciniega MS); Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin
(IRCB), Cotonou, Benin (E F G A Avokpaho MPH); Laboratoire d’Etudes et de
Recherche-Action en Santé (LERAS Afrique), Parakou, Benin (E F G A
Avokpaho MPH); Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India (A Awasthi
PhD); Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (P Azzopardi PhD);
Wardliparingga Aboriginal Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical
Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P Azzopardi PhD);
School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore,
Pakistan (U Bacha PhD); Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada (A
Badawi PhD); Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra
University, Chennai, India (K Balakrishnan PhD); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School
of Public Health (S H Ballew PhD, J Coresh PhD, K Matsushita PhD), Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, MD, USA (B X Tran PhD); Faculty of Medicine (A Barac
PhD), Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (M M Santric Milicevic
PhD), Centre School of Public Health and Health Management, Faculty of Medicine
(M M Santric Milicevic PhD), University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; School of
Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (S L Barker-Collo
PhD); Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of
Public Health (Prof T Bärnighausen MD, J A Salomon PhD), Harvard T H Chan
School of Public Health (E L Ding ScD), Ariadne Labs (E R K Macarayan PhD),
Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Africa Health Research Institute,
Mtubatuba, South Africa (Prof T Bärnighausen MD); Institute of Public
Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (Prof T Bärnighausen
MD, S Mohammed PhD); Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (Prof L
Barregard MD); Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering,
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia (L H Barrero ScD); Malaria
Atlas Project, Oxford Big Data Institute (K E Battle DPhil), Li Ka Shing Centre
for Health Information and Discovery (Prof S I Hay DSc), Nuffield Department of
Population Health (D A Bennett PhD), Department of Zoology (P W Gething PhD),
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (D J Weiss PhD); Oxford University, Ho Chi Minh
City, Vietnam (J Beardsley MBChB); College of Public Health and Tropical
Medicine, Jazan, Saudi Arabia (N Bedi MD); IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche
Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy (E Beghi MD, B Bikbov MD, G Giussani
BiolD, N Perico MD, Prof G Remuzzi MD); Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
(Prof M L Bell PhD, J J Huang MD); Center for Clinical and Epidemiological
Research Center, Hospital Universitario (A C Goulart PhD), Internal Medicine
Department (Prof I S Santos PhD), University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, Brazil (I M Bensenor PhD, Prof P A Lotufo DrPH); College of Health
Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia (A Berhane PhD);
University Medical Center Groningen (D F Berhe MS), Department of Psychiatry,
University Medical Center Groningen (Prof H W Hoek MD), University of Groningen,
Groningen, Netherlands (J F M van Boven PhD); Division of Health and Social Care
Research (Prof C D Wolfe MD), King’s College London, London, UK (E
Bernabé PhD); Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
Bucharest, Romania (Prof M Beuran PhD, D V Davitoiu PhD, S Hostiuc PhD, I Negoi
PhD, R I Negoi PhD); Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania (Prof M
Beuran PhD, I Negoi PhD); College of Health and Medical Sciences (A S Beyene
MPH, M M Mengesha MPH), Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia (L N B Bulto MS, A
Geleto MPH, M D Gishu MS, K T Roba PhD, M S Shiferaw MS); Postgraduate Institute
of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (A Bhansali DM); Centre of
Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (Z
A Bhutta PhD); Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (Prof M Kivimaki
PhD), Institute of Epidemiology & Health (T Tillmann MSc), University
College London, London, UK (C Birungi MS, M R Mathur PhD); Department of Public
Health (D J Boneya MPH), Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia (T K
Tegegne MPH); University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Prof M
Brauer ScD, J A Kopec PhD, F Pourmalek PhD); College of Medicine (J Shen PhD),
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (Prof N J K Breitborde PhD, M
Yotebieng PhD); German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (Prof H
Brenner MD); University of Leicester, Leicester, UK (Prof T S Brugha MD); Al
Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan (Z A Butt PhD); Metropolitan
Autonomous University, Mexico City, Mexico (R Cárdenas ScD); Colombian
National Health Observatory, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, Colombia (C A
Castañeda-Orjuela MSc); Epidemiology and Public Health Evaluation Group,
Public Health Department, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (C
A Castañeda-Orjuela MSc); Department of Medicine, University of Valencia,
INCLIVA Health Research Institute and CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain (F
Catalá-López PhD, Prof R Tabarés-Seisdedos PhD); Clinical
Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada (F
Catalá-López PhD); National Health Research Institutes, Zgunan
Town, Taiwan (H Chang DrPH); National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (H
Chang DrPH); Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD,
Australia (F J Charlson PhD, H E Erskine PhD, A J Ferrari PhD, D Santomauro PhD,
Prof H A Whiteford PhD); Department of Environmental Epidemiology, University of
Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan (O Chimed-Ochir MPH);
University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia (V H Chisumpa MPhil, C C Mapoma PhD);
University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa (V H Chisumpa MPhil);
Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq (A A Chitheer MD); Bispebjerg University
Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (Prof H Christensen DMSCi); Christian Medical
College, Vellore, India (Prof D J Christopher MD, Prof S Varughese DM);
University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy (Prof M Cirillo MD); Health Effects
Institute, Boston, MA, USA (A J Cohen DSc); MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology United,
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK (Prof C Cooper MD); NIHR Biomedical
Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton
NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (Prof C Cooper MD); Research Centre on
Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy (P A Cortesi
PhD); University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA (M H Criqui MD);
Centre for International Health, Dunedin School of Medicine (Prof J A Crump MD),
University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Prof R G Poulton PhD); i3S -
Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde
and INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (J das Neves PhD),
UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Toxicology Group, Faculty of Pharmacy (J P Silva PhD),
University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Wellcome Trust Brighton & Sussex
Centre for Global Health Research, Brighton, UK (Prof G Davey MD); Republican
Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan (K Davletov
PhD); School of Public Health, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty,
Kazakhstan (K Davletov PhD); Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences
at Monash Health (Prof A G Thrift PhD), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC,
Australia (Prof B de Courten PhD); National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre
(Prof L Degenhardt PhD), Brien Holden Vision Institute (Prof S Resnikoff MD),
School of Optometry and Vision Science (Prof S Resnikoff MD), University of New
South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of Colorado School of Medicine
and the Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA (R P Dellavalle MD);
Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK (K Deribe MPH); School of
Public Health (K Deribe MPH), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (A Z
Giref PhD, H A Hareri MS, S G Kelbore MPH, B G Woldeyes MPH); Department of
Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya,
Sri Lanka (S D Dharmaratne MD); Undersecretary for Research & Technology,
Ministry of Health & Medical Education, Tehran, Iran (S Djalalinia PhD);
Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam (H
P Do MSc, C T Nguyen MSc, Q L Nguyen MD, T H Nguyen MSc, V M Nong MSc);
Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University -
Varna, Varna, Bulgaria (K Dokova PhD); University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast,
Ghana (D T Doku PhD); University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland (D T Doku PhD);
University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA (E R Dorsey MD);
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India (M Dubey MPhil, A
Kastor MPhil, B K Panda MPhil, M H U Rahman MPhil, Prof U Ram PhD); Federal
University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (B B Duncan PhD, C Kieling
MD, Prof M I Schmidt MD); University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA (B
B Duncan PhD); Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical
School, Kigali, Rwanda (Z Z El-Khatib PhD); School of Public Health and Health
Sciences Research Center, Sari, Iran (Prof A Enayati PhD); Arba Minch
University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia (A Y Endries MPH); The Institute of Social and
Economic Studies of Population, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
(Prof S P Ermakov DSc); Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and
Informatics, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia (Prof
S P Ermakov DSc); Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran (B
Eshrati PhD); Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran (B Eshrati PhD);
Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran, Iran (S Eskandarieh PhD); Department
of Health, Manila, Philippines (E J A Faraon MD); DGS Directorate General of
Health, Lisboa, Portugal (C S E S Farinha MSc); Universidade Aberta, Lisboa,
Portugal (C S E S Farinha MSc); Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
(Prof A Faro PhD); National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences,
Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand (V L Feigin PhD); CBQF
- Center for Biotechnology and Fine Chemistry - Associate Laboratory, Faculty of
Biotechnology, Catholic University of Portugal, Porto, Portugal (J C Fernandes
PhD); Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia (T R Feyissa MPH); Kaiser
Permanente, Fontana, CA, USA (I Filip MD); School of Public Health, Bielefeld
University, Bielefeld, Germany (F Fischer PhD); Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research
Center, Seattle, WA, USA (C Fitzmaurice MD); Institute of Gerontology, Academy
of Medical Science, Kyiv, Ukraine (N Foigt PhD); Department of Infectious
Disease Epidemiology (T Fürst PhD), Department of Primary Care &
Public Health (Prof A Majeed MD), Imperial College London, London, UK (K J
Foreman PhD, Prof S Rawaf MD, L Rushton PhD, S Saxena MD, H Shoman MPH);
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (T Fürst PhD), Swiss
Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland (C K Karema MSc); Swiss
Tropical and Public Health Institute (Prof M Tanner PhD), University of Basel,
Basel, Switzerland (T Fürst PhD); Faculdade de Medicina de
Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto,
Brazil (J M Furtado MD); Manhiça Health Research Center, Manhiça,
Mozambique (A L Garcia-Basteiro MSc); Barcelona Institute for Global Health,
Barcelona, Spain (A L Garcia-Basteiro MSc); Division of Human Nutrition,
Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands (J M Geleijnse PhD); University
of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia (A Geleto MPH); Madda Walabu University,
Bale Goba, Ethiopia (B L Gemechu MPH); Flinders University, Adelaide, SA,
Australia (H A Gesesew MPH, Prof K Pesudovs PhD); The Peter Doherty Institute
for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne & The Royal
Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (K B Gibney MBBS); Warwick Medical
School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK (Prof P S Gill DM); Howard
University, Washington, DC, USA (R F Gillum MD); Kersa Health and Demographic
Surveillance System, Harar, Ethiopia (M D Gishu MS); University of Massachusetts
Boston, Boston, MA, USA (Prof P N Gona PhD); Instituto de Investigaciones
Cientificas y Servicios de Alta Tecnologia - INDICASAT-AIP, Cuidad del Saber,
Panama (A Goodridge PhD); Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of
the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia (S V
Gopalani MPH); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris,
France (Y Goryakin PhD); Center of Check of Hospital Sirio Libanes, São
Paulo, Brazil (A C Goulart PhD); Departments of Microbiology and Epidemiology
& Biostatistics, Saint James School of Medicine, The Quarter, Anguilla
(Prof H C Gugnani PhD); Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute,
Jaipur, India (R Gupta PhD); Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA (T Gupta
MD, C D Rehm PhD); Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA (T Gupta
MD, Prof H D Hosgood PhD); Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi,
Delhi, India (V Gupta PhD); National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente,
Mexico City, Mexico (R A Gutiérrez PhD); Department of Clinical
Neurological Sciences (L A Sposato MD), Western University, London, ON, Canada
(Prof V Hachinski DSc, T O Olagunju MD); Kilte Awlaelo Health and Demographic
Surveillance System, Mekelle, Ethiopia (G B Hailu MSc); Arabian Gulf University,
Manama, Bahrain (Prof R R Hamadeh DPhil); Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University,
Dubai, United Arab Emirates (S Hamidi DrPH); Wayne County Department of Health
and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA (M Hammami MD); University of New Mexico,
Albuquerque, NM, USA (A J Handal PhD); School of Medicine and Pharmacology,
University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (Prof G J Hankey MD);
Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia (Prof G J
Hankey MD); Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA,
Australia (Prof G J Hankey MD); School of Public Health (D Hendrie PhD), Centre
for Population Health (T R Miller PhD), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia;
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia
University, New York, NY, USA (Prof H W Hoek MD); Department of Pulmonology,
Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan (N Horita
MD); Public Health Division, The Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia (D G
Hoy PhD); Department of Epidemiology, Salah Azaiz Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
(Prof M Hsairi MD); Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of
Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China (G Hu PhD); Cambridge
Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA (H Huang MD); National Centre for
Register-Based Research, Aarhus School of Business and Social Sciences (Prof J J
McGrath PhD), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (K M Iburg PhD); Division of
Cohort Consortium Research, Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public
Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan (M Inoue MD); University
of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica (Prof M D Jackson PhD); Department of
Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA (K H
Jacobsen PhD); Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac,
Kragujevac, Serbia (Prof M B Jakovljevic PhD); University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen,
UK (M Javanbakht PhD); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (P
Jeemon PhD); Independent Consultant, Oslo, Norway (L R K Johansson PhD);
Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University
Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany (Prof J B Jonas MD); Institute of Family Medicine
and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia (M Jürisson MD);
University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (Z Kabir PhD); London School of Economics
and Political Science, London, UK (R Kadel MPH); CSIR - Indian Institute of
Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India (R Kamal MSc, C N Kesavachandran PhD);
Epidemiological and Statistical Methods Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany (A Karch MD); Hannover-Braunschweig
Site, German Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany (A Karch MD);
Quality and Equity Health Care, Kigali, Rwanda (C K Karema MSc); Department of
Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital,
Seattle, WA, USA (N J Kassebaum MD); MRC/CSO Social & Public Health
Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (S V Katikireddi PhD); School
of Public Health (Prof N Kawakami MD), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (K
Shibuya MD); Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Nairobi, Kenya (P N
Keiyoro PhD); School of Continuing and Distance Education, Nairobi, Kenya (P N
Keiyoro PhD); Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Research Unit (Prof C D Parry
PhD), UKZN Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Centre (Prof B Sartorius PhD), South
African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa (A P Kengne PhD, R
Matzopoulos PhD); School of Public Health and Family Medicine (R Matzopoulos
PhD), Department of Psychiatry (Prof D J Stein PhD), University of Cape Town,
Cape Town, South Africa (A P Kengne PhD, J J N Noubiap MD); Department of
Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Jordan University of
Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan (Prof Y S Khader ScD); Health Services
Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan (E A Khan MD); Department of Health Policy and
Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
(Prof Y Khang MD); Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National
University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea (Prof Y Khang MD); Iranian
Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran (A Khosravi PhD);
Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN,
USA (J Khubchandani PhD); Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre,
Brazil (C Kieling MD); Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University,
Boston, MA, USA (Prof D Kim DrPH); School of Medicine, Xiamen University
Malaysia Campus, Sepang, Malaysia (Y J Kim PhD); Simmons College, Boston, MA,
USA (R W Kimokoti MD); Centre for Research and Action in Public Health,
University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia (Y Kinfu PhD); Oslo University,
Oslo, Norway (Prof A Kisa PhD); Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health
Sciences (R Topor-Madry PhD), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow,
Poland (K A Kissimova-Skarbek PhD); Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine (Prof M
Kivimaki PhD), Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Work Organizations,
Work Disability Program, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine (T
Lallukka PhD, R Shiri PhD), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (T J
Meretoja PhD); Center for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health,
Bergen, Norway (A K Knudsen PhD, Prof S E Vollset DrPH); Department of
Psychosocial Science (A K Knudsen PhD), Department of Global Public Health and
Primary Care (Prof S E Vollset DrPH), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Prof
O F Norheim PhD, M C Tollanes PhD); Center for Community Empowerment, Health
Policy and Humanities, National Institute of Health Research &
Development, Jakarta, Indonesia (S Kosen MD); Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of
Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India (Prof P A Koul MD); Research and Development
Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain (A Koyanagi
MD); Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia (M Kravchenko PhD, Prof M A
Piradov DSc); Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University,
Utrecht, Netherlands (Prof H Kromhout PhD); Department of Social and Preventive
Medicine, School of Public Health and Department of Demography and Public Health
Research Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada (Prof B Kuate
Defo PhD); Institute of Public Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (B
Kucuk Bicer PhD); National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA (Q Lan PhD);
Help Me See, Inc, New York, NY, USA (V C Lansingh PhD); Instituo Mexicano de
Oftalmologia, Queretaro, Mexico (V C Lansingh PhD); Department of Medical
Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (Prof A Larsson PhD); Hong Kong
Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (P H Lee PhD); Tuscany Regional Centre
for Occupational Injuries and Diseases, Florence, Italy (M Levi PhD); Department
of Data Management, Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing,
China (Y Li PhD); National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease
Control and Prevention (Y Li PhD), Chinese Center for Disease Control and
Prevention, Beijing, China (Prof X Liang MD); San Francisco VA Medical Center,
San Francisco, CA, USA (Y Li PhD); Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia (M L
Liben MPH); University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel (Prof S Linn MD); All India
Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R Lodha MD, Prof R Malhotra MS,
Prof N Tandon PhD); University of Bari, Bari, Italy (Prof G Logroscino PhD);
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (K J Looker PhD); Institute of Nutrition,
Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (Prof S Lorkowski PhD);
Aintree University Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Liverpool,
UK (Prof R Lunevicius PhD); School of Medicine, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool, UK (Prof R Lunevicius PhD); Competence Cluster for Nutrition and
Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Jena, Germany (Prof S
Lorkowski PhD); Ateneo de Manila University, Manila, Philippines (E R K
Macarayan PhD); Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt (H Magdy Abd El
Razek MBBCH); Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University Hospital, Aswan, Egypt
(M Magdy Abd El Razek MBBCH); Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work,
Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia (M Majdan PhD);
National Institute of Health Research, Tehran, Iran (Prof R Majdzadeh PhD);
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (Prof D C Malta
PhD); The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (Prof A A Mamun
PhD); University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy (Prof L G Mantovani DSc);
Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science (A van Donkelaar PhD), Dalhousie
University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Prof R V Martin PhD); Hospital Universitario
Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain (J Martinez-Raga PhD, M Tortajada PhD); CEU
Cardinal Herrera University, Moncada, Spain (J Martinez-Raga PhD); Federal
Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Caucaia, Brazil
(F R Martins-Melo PhD); Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology,
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Beijing, China (M Mazidi PhD); University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation
Trust, Bristol, UK (C McAlinden PhD); Public Health Wales, Swansea, UK (C
McAlinden PhD); Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre
for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD, Australia (Prof J J McGrath PhD); Queensland
Brain Institute (Prof J J McGrath PhD), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD,
Australia (S R Mishra MPH); Ipas Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal (S Mehata PhD);
Janakpuri Superspecialty Hospital, New Delhi, India (Prof M M Mehndiratta DM);
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany (T Meier PhD);
University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, USA (P Memiah PhD); Saudi Ministry of
Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Prof Z A Memish MD); College of Medicine, Alfaisal
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Prof Z A Memish MD); United Nations Population
Fund, Lima, Peru (W Mendoza MD); Center for Translation Research and
Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA (G A Mensah MD); Department of
Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany (G B
M Mensink PhD); Department of Neurology (A Meretoja PhD), Comprehensive Cancer
Center, Breast Surgery Unit (T J Meretoja PhD), Helsinki University Hospital,
Helsinki, Finland; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy (R Micha
PhD), Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA (P Shi PhD); Pacific Institute for
Research & Evaluation, Calverton, MD, USA (T R Miller PhD); Hunger Action
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA (M Mirarefin MPH); Kyrgyz State Medical
Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan (Prof E M Mirrakhimov PhD); National Center of
Cardiology and Internal Disease, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan (Prof E M Mirrakhimov PhD);
Nepal Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal (S R Mishra MPH); University of
Salahaddin, Erbil, Iraq (K A Mohammad PhD); ISHIK University, Erbil, Iraq (K A
Mohammad PhD); Health Systems and Policy Research Unit (S Mohammed PhD), Ahmadu
Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (M B Sufiyan MBA); Narayana Health, Bangalore,
India (Prof M B V Mohan MD); Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS
Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy (L Monasta DSc, M Montico MSc); Department of
Community Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center (M
Moradi-Lakeh MD, A Tehrani-Banihashemi PhD), Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease
Research Center (GILDRC) (M Moradi-Lakeh MD); Iran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University,
Lancaster, UK (P Moraga PhD); International Laboratory for Air Quality and
Health (L Morawska PhD), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (R E
Pacella PhD), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;
Competence Center Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort (A Werdecker
PhD), Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany (Prof U O
Mueller PhD, R Westerman PhD); London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine,
London, UK (Prof G V S Murthy MD); School of Medical Sciences, University of
Science Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia (K I Musa MD); International Centre
for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh (A
Naheed PhD, S M Shariful Islam PhD); Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India (V
Nangia MD); Madras Medical College, Chennai, India, India (Prof G Natarajan DM);
Department of Public Health, Semarang State University, Semarang City, Indonesia
(D N A Ningrum MPH); Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of
Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
(D N A Ningrum MPH); National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan (M
Nomura PhD); Medical Diagnostic Centre, Yaounde, Cameroon (J J N Noubiap MD);
Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences,
American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon (Prof C M Obermeyer DSc); Centre
for Health Research (F A Ogbo MPH), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW,
Australia (Prof A M N Renzaho PhD); Department of Preventive Medicine, School of
Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea (Prof I Oh PhD); Human
Sciences Research Council (HSRC), South Africa and University of KwaZulu-Natal,
Durban, South Africa (O Oladimeji MS); Department of Psychiatry, College of
Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria (A T Olagunju MD); Department of
Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria (A T Olagunju
MD); McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (T O Olagunju MD); Universidad
Autonoma de Chile, Talca, Chile (Prof P R Olivares PhD); Center for Healthy
Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria (B O Olusanya PhD, J O Olusanya MBA); Lira
District Local Government, Lira Municipal Council, Uganda (J N Opio MPH);
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA (Prof E Oren PhD); IIS-Fundacion Jimenez
Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain (Prof A Ortiz PhD); St Luke’s International
University, Tokyo, Japan (E Ota PhD); Department of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria (M
O Owolabi Dr Med); Blossom Specialist Medical Center, Ibadan, Nigeria (M O
Owolabi Dr Med); JSS Medical College, JSS University, Mysore, India (Prof M PA
DNB); Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania (A Pana MPH);
Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg,
Mannheim, Germany (S Panda-Jonas MD); Christian Medical College Ludhiana,
Ludhiana, India (J D Pandian DM); Charité University Medicine Berlin,
Berlin, Germany (C Papachristou PhD); Department of Medical Humanities and
Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea (E
Park PhD); Department of Community Health Sciences (Prof S B Patten PhD),
University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (Prof M Tonelli MD); REQUIMTE/LAQV,
Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal (Prof D M Pereira
PhD); Health Metrics Unit, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (Prof M
Petzold PhD); University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa (Prof
M Petzold PhD); Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China (Prof M R Phillips MD); Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA (Prof M R
Phillips MD); Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa (J D Pillay
PhD); Exposure Assessment and Environmental Health Indicators (D Plass DrPH),
German Environment Agency, Berlin, Germany (M Tobollik MPH); Department of
Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam,
Netherlands (S Polinder PhD); Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical
Sciences, Lucknow, India (Prof N Prasad DM); Non-Communicable Diseases Research
Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran (M Qorbani PhD); A T
Still University, Kirksville, MO, USA (A Radfar MD); Contech International
Health Consultants, Lahore, Pakistan (A Rafay MBBS); Contech School of Public
Health, Lahore, Pakistan (A Rafay MBBS); Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC,
Dhaka, Bangladesh (M Rahman PhD); Office Of Psychology & Public Health
(Prof R Room PhD), La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (M A Rahman
PhD); Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, India (R K Rai
MPH); ERAWEB Program, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and
Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria (S Rajsic MD); Centre for Addiction and
Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada (Prof J Rehm PhD); Azienda Socio-Sanitaria
Territoriale, Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (Prof G Remuzzi MD);
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L Sacco,”
University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Prof G Remuzzi MD); Research Center for
Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah
University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran (S Rezaei PhD); Hospital das
Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
(Prof A L Ribeiro MD); Campus MAR, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB),
ISGlobal Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (D Rojas-Rueda
PhD); Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan
University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran (G Roshandel PhD); Institute of
Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany (Prof D
Rothenbacher MD); Universidad Tecnica del Norte, Ibarra, Ecuador (E Rubagotti
PhD); Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health,
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences,
Maragheh, Iran (S Safiri PhD); Department of Medicine (Prof N Mohamed Ibrahim
MRCP), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (R
Sahathevan PhD); Ballarat Health Service, Ballarat, VIC, Australia (R Sahathevan
PhD); Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt (A M Samy PhD); J
Edwards School of Medicine (J R Sanabria MD), Department of Public Health (M
Sawhney PhD), Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA; Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, OH, USA (J R Sanabria MD); IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz,
Madrid, Spain (M D Sanchez-Niño PhD); Public Health Medicine, School of
Nursing and Public Health (Prof B Sartorius PhD), Discipline of Public Health
Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health (B Yakob PhD), University of
KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology,
Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India (M Satpathy PhD); Federal University of
Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil (I J C Schneider PhD); Hypertension
in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South
Africa (Prof A E Schutte PhD); UKZN Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Centre
(Prof B Sartorius PhD), South African Medical Research Council, Potchefstroom,
South Africa (Prof A E Schutte PhD); University of Alabama at Birmingham,
Birmingham, AL, USA (D C Schwebel PhD, J A Singh MD); Charité Berlin,
Berlin, Germany (F Schwendicke PhD); University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA (B
Serdar PhD); University of Bath, Bath, UK (G Shaddick PhD, M L Thomas MRes);
Department of Public Health, An-Najah University, Nablus, Palestine (A Shaheen
PhD); Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA (Prof S Shahraz PhD); Independent
Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan (M A Shaikh MD); Department of Medical Surgical
Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical
Sciences, Hamadan, Iran (M Shamsizadeh MPH); The George Institute for Global
Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S M Shariful Islam PhD); Ministry of Health,
Thimphu, Bhutan (J Sharma MPH); Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar,
India (R Sharma MA); Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan
University, Shanghai, China (J She MD); Research Institute at Nationwide
Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA (J Shen PhD); National Institute
of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (M Shigematsu PhD); Sandia National
Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA (M Shigematsu PhD); Department of Public
Health Sciences (Prof M Shin PhD), Department of Preventive Medicine, College of
Medicine (S Yoon PhD), Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Washington State
University, Spokane, WA, USA (K Shishani PhD); Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA, USA (M G Shrime MD); Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland (I D
Sigfusdottir PhD); Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
(D A S Silva PhD); Brasília University, Brasília, Brazil (D G A
Silveira MD); Asthma Bhawan, Jaipur, India (V Singh MD); School of Preventive
Oncology, Patna, India (D N Sinha PhD); WHO FCTC Global Knowledge Hub on
Smokeless Tobacco, National Institute of Cancer Prevention, Noida, India (D N
Sinha PhD); Hywel Dda University Health Board, Carmarthen, UK (E Skiadaresi MD);
Bristol Eye Hospital, Bristol, UK (E Skiadaresi MD); King Khalid University
Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (B H A Sobaih MD); University of Yaoundé,
Yaoundé, Cameroon (Prof E Sobngwi PhD); Yaoundé Central Hospital,
Yaoundé, Cameroon (Prof E Sobngwi PhD); Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH,
USA (S Soneji PhD); Department of Community Medicine, International Medical
University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (C T Sreeramareddy MD); University of East
Anglia, Norwich, UK (Prof N Steel PhD); Public Health England, London, UK (Prof
N Steel PhD); South African Medical Research Council Unit on Anxiety &
Stress Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa (Prof D J Stein PhD); Department of
Dermatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany (S Steinke DrMed);
Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia (Prof M A Stokes PhD); Ministry of
Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (R A Suliankatchi MD);
Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India (S Swaminathan MD);
Departments of Criminology, Law & Society, Sociology, and Public Health,
University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA (Prof B L Sykes PhD); Griffith
University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia (S K Tadakamadla PhD); Asbestos Diseases
Research Institute, Concord Clinical School (Prof K Takahashi MD), The
University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (K Alam PhD, J Leigh PhD); WSH
Institute, Ministry of Manpower, Singapore, Singapore (J S Takala DSc); Tampere
University of Technology, Tampere, Finland (J S Takala DSc); Ethiopian Public
Health Association, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Y L Tarekegn MS); New York Medical
Center, Valhalla, NY, USA (M Tavakkoli MD); Department of Anesthesiology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA (A S Terkawi MD); Department of
Anesthesiology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (A S Terkawi MD);
Outcomes Research Consortium (A S Terkawi MD), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH,
USA (Prof E M Tuzcu MD); School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of
Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India (Prof J Thakur MD); Sree
Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum,
Thiruvananthapuram, India (Prof K R Thankappan MD); Adaptive Knowledge
Management, Victoria, BC, Canada (A J Thomson PhD); National Center for Child
Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan (R Tobe-Gai PhD); National Institute of
Public health, Bergen, Norway (M C Tollanes PhD); Faculty of Health Sciences,
Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (R Topor-Madry PhD); School of
Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M Tortajada PhD); INSERM
(French National Institute for Health and Medical Research), Paris, France (M
Touvier PhD); Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam (B X Tran PhD);
Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,
Denmark (T Truelsen DMSc); Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu,
Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM,
Barcelona, Spain (S Tyrovolas PhD); Department of Internal Medicine, Federal
Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria (K N Ukwaja MD); Ebonyi State University,
Abakaliki, Nigeria (C J Uneke PhD); Warwick Medical School, University of
Warwick, Coventry, UK (O A Uthman PhD); UKK Institute for Health Promotion
Research, Tampere, Finland (Prof T Vasankari PhD); Raffles Neuroscience Centre,
Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore (N Venketasubramanian MBBS); University
of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (Prof F S Violante MD); Federal Research Institute
for Health Organization and Informatics, Moscow, Russia (S K Vladimirov PhD);
National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia (Prof V
V Vlassov MD); Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia (F Wadilo MS); VA
Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA (M T Wallin MD); Neurology Department,
Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA (M T Wallin MD); University of
São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (Y Wang PhD); McGill
University, Ottawa, ON, Canada (S Weichenthal PhD); Department of Research,
Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo,
Norway (E Weiderpass PhD); Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health
Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway,
Tromsø, Norway (E Weiderpass PhD); Genetic Epidemiology Group,
Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland (E Weiderpass PhD); Royal
Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R G Weintraub MBBS);
German National Cohort Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany (R Westerman PhD); South
African Medical Research Council, Cochrane South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
(Prof C S Wiysonge PhD); National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive
Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS
Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK (Prof C D Wolfe
MD); Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (A Workicho MPH); St John’s Medical
College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India (Prof D Xavier MD); Department
of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing,
China (Prof G Xu PhD); Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University,
Kunshan, China (Prof L L Yan PhD); Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia
(H H Yimam MPH); Social Work and Social Administration Department (Prof P Yip
PhD), The Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (Prof
P Yip PhD), University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of
Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (N
Yonemoto MPH); School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa,
Democratic Republic of the Congo (M Yotebieng PhD); Jackson State University,
Jackson, MS, USA (Prof M Z Younis DrPH); University Hospital of Setif, Setif,
Algeria (Prof Z Zaidi DSc); Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura,
Egypt (Prof M E Zaki PhD); University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston,
TX, USA (X Zhang MS); and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA (X Zhang
MS).</p></app><app id="APP3"><title>Declaration of interests</title><p id="P84">Laith J Abu-Raddad acknowledges the support of Qatar National Research
Fund (NPRP 9-040-3-008), who provided the main funding for generating the data
provided to the GBD-IHME effort. Anurag Agrawal received a Wellcome Trust DBT
India Alliance fellowship. Ashish Awasthi received financial support from
Department of Science and Technology, Government of India through INSPIRE
Faculty program Alaa Badawi acknowledges the Public Health Agency of Canada.
Scientific work of Aleksandra Barac is part of the Project No. III45005 granted
by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological Development of the
Republic of Serbia. Till Bärnighausen is funded by the Alexander von
Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professorship endowed by
the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; he is also supported by
the Wellcome Trust, the European Commission, the Clinton Health Access
Initiative and NICHD of NIH [R01-HD084233], NIAID of NIH [R01-AI124389 and
R01-AI112339] and FIC of NIH [D43-TW009775]. Boris Bikbov has received funding
from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 703226. Boris Bikbov
acknowledges that work related to this paper has been done on the behalf of the
GBD Genitourinary Disease Expert Group. Cyrus Cooper reports personal fees from
Alliance for Better Bone Health, Amgen, Eli Lilly, GSK, Medtronic, Merck,
Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Servier, Takeda, and UCB, outside the submitted work.
José das Neves was supported in his contribution to this work by a
Fellowship from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia,
Portugal (SFRH/BPD/92934/2013). Barbora de Courten is supported by National
Heart Foundation Future Leader Fellowship (100864). Kebede Deribe is funded by a
Wellcome Trust Intermediate Fellowship in Public Health and Tropical Medicine
[grant number 201900]. Joao Fernandes is supported by FCT -
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Grant number
UID/Multi/50016/2013). Katharine Gibney is supported by an NHMRC early career
fellowship. Amador Goodridge acknowledges the Sistema Nacional de
Investigación (SNI) de Panamá & Secretaría Nacional
de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT). Simon I Hay is
funded by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1106023,
OPP1119467, OPP1093011, and OPP1132415). Manami Inoue was the beneficiary of a
financial contribution from the AXA Research Fund as chair-holder of the AXA
Department of Health and Human Security, Graduate School of Medicine, The
University of Tokyo. The AXA Research Fund had no role in this work. Shariful
Islam received a postdoctoral research fellowship from the George Institute for
Global Health and career transition grants from High Blood Pressure Research
Council of Australia. Ministry of Education Science and Technological
Development of the Republic of Serbia has co-financed Serbian part of Mihajlo
Jakovljevic’s GBD-related contribution through Grant OI 175 014.
Publication of results was not contingent upon the Ministry’s censorship
or approval. Panniyammakal Jeemon reports a clinical and public health
intermediate fellowship from the Wellcome Trust and Department of Biotechnology,
India Alliance. Nicholas Kassebaum reports personal fees and non-financial
support from Vifor Pharmaceuticals, outside the submitted work. S Vittal
Katikireddi was funded by a NRS Scottish Senior Clinical Fellowship
(SCAF/15/02), the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/13 &
MC_UU_12017/15) and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU13
& SPHSU15). Christian Kieling has received support from Brazilian
governmental research funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento
Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de
Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES),
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do
Sul (Fapergs), and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (FIPE/HCPA). Ai
Koyanagi’s work was supported by the Miguel Servet contract financed by
the CP13/00150 and PI15/00862 projects, integrated into the National R + D + I
and funded by the ISCIII - General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health
Research - and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER). Katharine J
Looker thanks the National Institute for Health Research Health Protection
Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Evaluation of Interventions at the University of
Bristol, in partnership with Public Health England (PHE), for research support.
Katharine J Looker received separate funding from WHO and Sexual Health 24
during the course of this study. These funders had no role in the writing of the
manuscript nor the decision to submit it for publication. The views expressed
are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health
Service, the NIHR, the Department of Health or Public Health England. Azeem
Majeed and Imperial College London are grateful for support from the NW London
NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care.
Francisco Martins-Melo received a postdoctoral fellowship from the CAPES
(Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education),
outside the submitted work. Kunihiro Matsushita reports grants from the US
National Kidney Foundation and the US National Institutes of Health during the
conduct of the study; grants and personal fees from Kyowa Hakko Kirin, and
Fukuda Denshi, and personal fees from Daiichi Sankyo, outside the submitted
work. Mohsen Mazidi was supported by the World Academy of Sciences and Chinese
Academy of Sciences. John McGrath received John Cade Fellowship APP1056929 from
the National Health and Medical Research Council, and Niels Bohr Professorship
from the Danish National Research Foundation. Toni Meier acknowledges additional
institutional support from the Competence Cluster for Nutrition and
Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Jena-Halle-Leipzig. Philip Mitchell’s
research is supported by an Australian NHMRC Program Grant (no. 1037196). Ulrich
Mueller gratefully acknowledges financial support from the German National
Cohort Study (BMBF grant # 01ER1511/D). Olanrewaju Oladimeji is a Senior
Research Specialist at the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) and Doctoral
Candidate at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), South Africa; we
acknowledge the institutional supports from HSRC and UKZN for him to participate
in this study. Alberto Ortiz was supported by Spanish Government
(Intensificacion ISCIIII FEDER funds and RETIC REDINREN RD016/0019). Mayowa
Owolabi is supported by U54HG007479 from the NIH. Norberto Perico would like to
acknowledge that the work related to this paper has been done on the behalf of
the GBD Genitourinary Disease Expert Group. Giuseppe Remuzzi acknowledges that
the work related to this paper has been done on behalf of the GBD Genitourinary
Diseases Expert Group supported by the International Society of Nephrology
(ISN). Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu acknowledges the Global Adult Tobacco
Survey, GATS Mexico 2015, with financial support provided by the CONADIC,
Ministry of Health, Mexico and the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use
through the CDC Foundation with a grant from Bloomberg Philanthropies. Prof
Aletta E Schutte received support from the South African Medical Research
Council and the National Research Foundation’s SARChI Programme. Mark
Shrime acknowledges the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation GE Safe Surgery
2020 Project. Jasvinder Singh reports consultancy fees from Savient, Takeda,
Regeneron, Merz, Iroko, Bioiberica, Crealta/Horizon, Allergan, UBM LLC, WebMD,
and the American College of Rheumatology and grants from Savient and Takeda. JS
serves as the principal investigator for an investigator-initiated study funded
by Horizon pharmaceuticals through a grant to DINORA Inc, a 501c3 entity; he is
also on the steering committee of OMERACT, an international organization that
develops measures for clinical trials and receives arms length funding from 36
pharmaceutical companies. Michael Soljak received funding from Public Health
England for modelling of NCD prevalence. Cassandra Szoeke reports grants from
the Australian National Medical Health Research Council (NHMRC) during the
conduct of the study, and grants from Lundbeck and Alzheimer’s
Association, outside the submitted work; in addition, Cassandra Szoeke has a
patent, PCT/AU2008/001556 issued. Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos was supported
in part by grant PROMETEOII/2015/021 from Generalitat Valenciana and the
national grands PI14/00894 and PIE14/00031 from ISCIII-FEDER. Marcel Tanner
reports grants from the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and the Swiss
Federal Government during the conduct of the study. Amanda Thrift was supported
by a Fellowship from the National Health & Medical Research Council
(Australia; 1042600). Stefano Tyrovola’s work was supported by the
Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP), the Sara Borrell
postdoctoral programme (reference no. CD15/00019 from the Instituto de Salud
Carlos III (ISCIII - Spain) and the Fondos Europeo de Desarrollo Regional
(FEDER). Job van Boven received support from the department of Clinical Pharmacy
and Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of
Groningen, Netherlands. Lijing Yan is partially supported by the National
Natural Sciences Foundation of China grants (71233001 and 71490732). Marcel
Yotebieng is partially supported by the NIAID U01AI096299 and the NICHD
R01HD087993.</p></app></app-group><ref-list><ref id="R1"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>Been</surname><given-names>JV</given-names></name><name><surname>Sheikh</surname><given-names>A</given-names></name></person-group><article-title>Risk factors for neonatal disorders and the Global Burden of
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a multicountry observational study</article-title><source>Lancet</source><year>2015</year><volume>386</volume><fpage>369</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">26003380</pub-id></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back><floats-group><boxed-text id="BX1" position="float" orientation="portrait"><caption><title>Research in context</title></caption><sec id="S44"><title>Evidence before this study</title><p>The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) remains the most comprehensive effort to conduct a population-level comparative risk assessment across countries and risks. Other sources of population-level estimates of risk include WHO and UNICEF reports as well as independent scientific publications. Notable differences in methods and definitions produce variation in results, although in several cases there is general agreement in regional or global patterns. The GBD study remains the only peer-reviewed, comprehensive, and annual assessment of risk factor burden by age, sex, cause, and location for a long time series that complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER).</p></sec><sec id="S45"><title>Added value of this study</title><p>This study builds upon GBD 2015 and provides several important improvements as well as the quantification of five new risks. The innovations and improvements from last year can be summarised as follows. Across all risk factors, there were 7155 additional data sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. For diet, we included data for dietary recall, household budget, and food frequency questionnaires. We also incorporated sales data from 170 countries as well as national accounting of food available to populations in a given year. In GBD 2016, we are producing estimates for the following five new risks: smokeless tobacco, low birthweight and short gestation, low birthweight for gestation, short gestation for birthweight, and diet low in legumes. We also extended the high body-mass index (BMI) analysis to include childhood obesity. We have also added 93 new risk-outcome pairs. Major revisions to the estimation of the following risk factors were undertaken for GBD 2016. For second-hand smoke, we changed the estimation method to ensure consistency with the estimates for smoking prevalence. For alcohol, we estimated new relative risks (RRs) for all outcomes, we incorporated more data for exposure and new adjustments for tourism and unrecorded consumption, and we redefined the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). For diet, we estimated the disease burden of dietary risks based on the absolute level of intake rather than the intake standardised to 2000 kcal per day. We developed an ensemble model of different parametric distributions to generate better fits to the distributions of continuous risk factors. Mediation evidence was reviewed and updated based on an analysis of ten pooled cohorts. We have expanded the analysis of geographic and temporal trends in risk exposure and burden by development, using the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), and have also explored where countries are in the risk transition. We also improved and modified our decomposition methods so that the results shown are additive and can be aggregated to explain trends in all-cause and cause-specific mortality, as well as trends across age groups. The decomposition analysis has been extended to examine how risk factors have contributed to trends in all-cause mortality by age and sex as well as by cause.</p></sec><sec id="S46"><title>Implications of all the available evidence</title><p>Increasingly detailed understanding of the trends in risk exposure and the RRs for each risk-outcome pair provides insights into both the magnitude of health loss attributable to risks and how modification of risk exposure has contributed to health trends. This analysis shows a mismatch between the potential for risk modification to improve health and the relatively modest role that risk modification has played in the past generation in improving global health.</p></sec></boxed-text><fig id="F1" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><title>Relationship between SEVs and SDI for the three metabolic, behavioural, and environmental or occupational risk factors that are responsible for the largest number of attributable DALYs globally</title><p>Each point corresponds to a country in either 1990 (red) or 2016 (blue). Pearson correlation coefficients have been estimated to summarise the relationship between SEVs and SDI in 1990 and in 2016. SEVs=summary exposure values. SDI=Socio-demographic Index. DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-74189-f001"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><title>DALYs attributable to all Level 2 risk factors apportioned by Level 2 cause for each risk, both sexes combined, 2016, at the global level (A); for low SDI countries (B); for low-middle SDI countries (C); for middle SDI countries (D); for middle-high SDI countries (E); and for high SDI countries (F)</title><p>DALYs from causes attributable to each risk factor are shown in different colours. Cutoffs on the SDI scale for the quintiles were selected based on examining the entire distribution of locations between 1980 and 2016.</p><p>DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years. SDI=Socio-demographic Index.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-74189-f002"></graphic></fig><fig id="F3" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><title>Leading 30 Level 3 risk factors by attributable DALYs at the global level, 1990, 2006, and 2016, for males (A) and females (B)</title><p>Risks are connected by lines between time periods. Behavioural risk factors are shown in red, environmental risks in blue, and metabolic risks in green. For the time period of 1990 to 2006 and for 2006–16, three measures of change are shown: percent change in the number of DALYs, percent change in the all-age DALY rate, and percent change in the age-standardised DALY rate. Statistically significant increases or decreases are shown in bold (p<0·05). DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-74189-f003"></graphic></fig><fig id="F4" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 4</label><caption><title>Relationship between attributable DALYs in 2016 for Level 3 risk factors and annualised rate of change in SEV, at the global level, both sexes combined, 1990–2016</title><p>DALYs are represented on a logarithmic scale. Risks shown exhibited a statistically significant change in SEV between 1990 and 2016. The following six risks, each of which is responsible for fewer than 100 thousand DALYs, are not shown: occupational exposure to benzene, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, formaldehyde, and trichloroethylene. DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years. SEV=summary exposure value. Ambient PM=ambient particulate matter pollution. Alcohol=alcohol use. Arsenic=occupational exposure to arsenic. Asbestos=occupational exposure to asbestos. Asthmagens=occupational asthmagens. BMD=low bone mineral density. BMI=high body-mass index. Calcium=diet low in calcium. Cholesterol=high total cholesterol. Diesel=occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust. Disc breast=discontinued breastfeeding. Drugs=drug use. Ergonomics=occupational ergonomic factors. Fibre=diet low in fibre. FPG=high fasting plasma glucose. Fruits=diet low in fruits. Handwashing=no access to handwashing facility. Household air=household air pollution from solid fuels. Impaired kidney=impaired kidney function. IPV=intimate partner violence. Iron=iron deficiency. Lead=lead exposure. Legumes=diet low in legumes. Milk=diet low in milk. Nickel=occupational exposure to nickel. Noise=occupational noise. Nuts and seeds=diet low in nuts and seeds. Occupational SHS=occupational exposure to second-hand smoke. Omega 3=diet low in seafood omega 3 fatty acids. Ozone=ambient ozone pollution. PAH=occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Part breastfeeding=non-exclusive breastfeeding. Physical activity=low physical activity. PM, gases, and fumes=occupational particulate matter, gases, and fumes. Processed meat=diet high in processed meat. PUFA=diet low in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Radon=residential radon. Red meat=diet high in red meat. Sanitation=unsafe sanitation. SBP=high systolic blood pressure. Sexual abuse=childhood sexual abuse. SHS=second-hand smoke. Silica=occupational exposure to silica. Smokeless=smokeless tobacco. Sodium=diet high in sodium. Stunting=child stunting. Sugar-sweetened beverages=diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages. Sulfuric acid=occupational exposure to sulfuric acid. Transfatty acids=diet high in transfatty acids. Underweight=child underweight. Vegetables=diet low in vegetables. Vitamin A=vitamin A deficiency. Wasting=child wasting. Water=unsafe water source. Whole grains=diet low in whole grains. Zinc=zinc deficiency.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-74189-f004"></graphic></fig><fig id="F5" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 5</label><caption><title>Percent change in deaths (A) and DALYs (B) at the global level, 2006–16, due to population growth, population ageing, trends in exposure to all risks included in GBD 2016, and and all other (risk-deleted or residual) factors</title><p>Results are shown for all causes combined; communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases; non-communicable diseases; and injuries. DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-74189-f005"></graphic></fig><fig id="F6" orientation="portrait" position="float"><label>Figure 6</label><caption><title>Percent change in all-cause DALYs, by age, at the global level, 2006-2016, due to the following drivers: population growth, population ageing, trends in exposure to all risks included in GBD 2016, and all other factors</title><p>DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="emss-74189-f006"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="T1" position="float" orientation="landscape"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Descriptive cataloguing of the epidemiological evidence used to assess whether each risk-outcome paper meets the causal criteria for inclusion in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 by risk level</title></caption><table frame="box" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Risk</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Outcome</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RCTs (n)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RCTs with significant effect in the opposite direction (%)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RCTs with null findings (%)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Prospective observational studies (n)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Prospective observational studies with significant association in the opposite direction (%)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Case-control studies assessing the risk-outcome pair relationship (n)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN3">†</xref></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Case-control studies that show significant association in the opposite direction (%)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower limit of RR >1·5</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Dose–response relationship</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Biological plausibility<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">‡</xref></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Analogy<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN5">§</xref></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe water source–chlorination or solar (point of use treatment)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe water source–piped</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe water source–filter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe water source–improved water</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe sanitation–piped</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe sanitation–improved sanitation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No access to handwashing facility</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No access to handwashing facility</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Air pollution</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient ozone pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Other environmental risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Residential radon</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">29</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lead exposure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Idiopathic developmental intellectual disability</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lead exposure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Occupational risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ovarian cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mesothelioma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to arsenic</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to benzene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to beryllium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to cadmium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to chromium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to secondhand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to formaldehyde</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to formaldehyde</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to nickel</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to silica</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to sulfuric acid</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Kidney cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational asthmagens</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational particulate matter, gases, and fumes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational noise</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age-related and other hearing loss</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational ergonomic factors</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low back pain</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Child and maternal malnutrition</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Non-exclusive breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Non-exclusive breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Discontinued breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child underweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child underweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child underweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child wasting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child wasting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child wasting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child stunting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child stunting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child stunting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Upper respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Otitis media</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pneumococcal meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>Haemophilus influenzae</italic> type B meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Meningococcal infection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Encephalitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Neonatal preterm birth complications</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemolytic disease and other neonatal jaundice</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other neonatal disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sudden infant death syndrome</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Upper respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Otitis media</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pneumococcal meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>Haemophilus influenzae</italic> type B meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Meningococcal infection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Encephalitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Neonatal preterm birth complications</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemolytic disease and other neonatal jaundice</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other neonatal disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sudden infant death syndrome</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Vitamin A deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Vitamin A deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Zinc deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Zinc deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Tobacco</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lip and oral cavity cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Liver cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gastric cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pancreatic cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cervical cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Prostate cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Kidney cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Bladder cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other cardiovascular and circulatory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other chronic respiratory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Peptic ulcer disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gallbladder and biliary diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Parkinson’s disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Multiple sclerosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rheumatoid arthritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low back pain</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Macular degeneration</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low bone massrelated fractures</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hip fracture</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Abdominal aortic aneurism</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smokeless tobacco</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oral cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smokeless tobacco</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Otitis media</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Alcohol and drug use</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lip and oral cavity cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other pharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Liver cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cirrhosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pancreatitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Epilepsy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Motor vehicle road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unintentional injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Self-harm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Interpersonal violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drug use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hepatitis B</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drug use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hepatitis C</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drug use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Self-harm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Dietary risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lip and oral cavity cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other pharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in vegetables</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in vegetables</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in vegetables</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in vegetables</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in legumes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in whole grains</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in whole grains</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in whole grains</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in whole grains</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in nuts and seeds</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in nuts and seeds</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in milk</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in red meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in red meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in processed meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in processed meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in processed meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Body-mass index</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fibre</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fibre</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in calcium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in seafood omega 3 fatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in polyunsaturated fatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 75</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in trans fatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sodium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Stomach cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sodium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">45</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Sexual abuse and violence</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Childhood sexual abuse</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Childhood sexual abuse</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Depressive disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Intimate partner violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">HIV/AIDS</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Intimate partner violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Maternal abortion, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Intimate partner violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Depressive disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="13" rowspan="1"><bold>Low physical activity</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="14"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Liver cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pancreatic cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ovarian cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Bladder cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic kidney disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Glaucoma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High total cholesterol</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High total cholesterol</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Rheumatic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">56</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High Systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">54</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">54</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other cardiomyopathy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Aortic aneurysm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Endocarditis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Other cardiovascular and circulatory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic kidney disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Non-Hodgkin lymphoma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Liver cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Pancreatic cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Breast cancer (post menopause)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Breast cancer (premenopause)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Uterine cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ovarian cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Kidney cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Thyroid cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Multiple myeloma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 129</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 102</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 129</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gallbladder disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic kidney disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Osteoarthritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low back pain</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gout</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (adult)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index (child)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low bone mineral density</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Gout</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Yes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN1"><p id="P85">If multiple reports existed from the same study, we counted them as one study. We only assessed the dose–response relationship for continuous risks. To evaluate the magnitude of the effect size for continuous risks, we evaluated the relative risk comparing the 75th percentile with the 25th percentile of the exposure distribution at the global level. RCT=randomised controlled trial. RR=relative risk.</p></fn><fn id="TFN2"><label>*</label><p id="P86">Prospective cohort studies or non-randomised interventions.</p></fn><fn id="TFN3"><label>†</label><p id="P87">Case-control studies were included for those risk-outcome pairs where the sum of RCT and prospective observational studies included was less than five (where applicable).</p></fn><fn id="TFN4"><label>‡</label><p id="P88">Whether or not any biological or mechanistic pathway exists that could potentially explain the relationship of the risk-outcome pair.</p></fn><fn id="TFN5"><label>§</label><p id="P89">Whether or not the risk is associated with another outcome from the same category and whether or not any evidence exists that it can cause the current outcome through the same pathway.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T2" position="float" orientation="landscape"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>GBD 2016 risk factor hierarchy and accompanying exposure definitions, theoretical minimum risk exposure level, and data representativeness index for each risk factor, pre-2006, 2006–16, and total (across all years)</title></caption><table frame="box" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Risk factors</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Exposure definition</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="2" colspan="1">Theoretical minimum risk exposure level</th><th align="center" valign="top" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Data representativeness index<hr></hr></th></tr><tr><th align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><2006</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006–16</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>All</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Environmental and occupational risks</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>58·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>75·4%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>70·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe water source</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of households with access to different water sources (unimproved, improved except piped, piped water supply) and reported use of household water treatment methods (boiling or filtering, chlorinating or solar filtering, no treatment)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All households have access to water from a piped water supply that is also boiled or filtered before drinking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 70·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·5%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe sanitation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of households with access to different sanitation facilities (unimproved, improved except sewer, sewer connection)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All households have access to toilets with sewer connection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 69·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·5%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No access to handwashing facility</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of households with access to handwashing facility with soap, water, and wash station</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All households have access to handwashing facility with soap, water, and wash station</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·4%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Air pollution</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Annual average daily exposure to outdoor air concentrations of PM<sub>2·5</sub></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Uniform distribution between 2·4 μg/m<sup>3</sup> and 5·9 μg/m<sup>3</sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 78·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Individual exposure to PM<sub>2·5</sub> due to use of solid cooking fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No households are exposed to excess indoor concentration of particles from solid fuel use (assuming PM<sub>2·5</sub> in no fuel use is consistent with a TMREL of 2·4–5·9)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 72·8%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 76·4%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient ozone pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Seasonal (3 month) hourly maximum ozone concentrations, measured in ppb</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Uniform distribution between 33·3 μg/m<sup>3</sup> and 41·9 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, according to minimum/5th percent concentrations</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Other environmental risks</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>48·7%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>26·2%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>51·8%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Residential radon</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily exposure to indoor air radon levels measured in becquerels (radon disintegrations per second) per cubic metre (Bq/m<sup>3</sup>)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>, corresponding to the outdoor concentration of radon</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lead exposure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Blood lead levels in μg/dL of blood, bone lead levels in μg/g of bone</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2 ug/dL, corresponding to lead levels in pre-industrial humans as natural sources of lead prevent the feasibility of zero exposure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·2%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·6%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Occupational risks</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>92·3%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>90·8%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational carcinogens</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86·7%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 92·8%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population with cumulative exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to arsenic</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to arsenic at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to arsenic</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to benzene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to benzene at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to benzene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to beryllium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to beryllium at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to beryllium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to cadmium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to cadmium at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to cadmium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to chromium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to chromium at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to chromium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to diesel engine exhaust at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to second-hand smoke at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to formaldehyde</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to formaldehyde at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to formaldehyde</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to nickel</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to nickel at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to nickel</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to silica</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to silica at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to silica</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to sulfuric acid</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to sulfuric acid at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to sulfuric acid</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 80·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85·1%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to trichlorethylene at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to trichloroethylene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 80·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85·1%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational asthmagens</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population currently exposed to asthmagens at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Background asthmagen exposures</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational particulate matter, gases, and fumes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to particulates, gases, or fumes at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No occupational exposure to particulates, gases, or fumes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 75·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational noise</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever exposed to noise greater than 85 dB at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Background noise exposure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 75·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population at risk to injuries related to work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">The rate of injury deaths per 100 000 person-years is zero</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 75·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational ergonomic factors</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population who are exposed to ergonomic risk factors for low back pain at work or through their occupation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All individuals have the ergonomic factors of clerical and related workers</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·2%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Behavioural risks</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Child and maternal malnutrition</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suboptimal breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Non-exclusive breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of children younger than 6 months who receive predominant, partial, or no breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All children are exclusively breastfed for first 6 months of life</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Discontinued breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of children aged 6–23 months who do not receive any breastmilk</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All children continue to receive breastmilk until 2 years of age</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 68·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 79·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child growth failure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·6%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child underweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of children less than –3 SD, –3 to –2 SD, and –2 to –1 SDs of the WHO 2006 standard weight-for-age curve</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All children are above –1 SD of WHO 2006 standard weight-for-age curve</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 77·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child wasting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of children less than –3 SD, –3 to –2 SDs, and –2 to –1 SD of the WHO 2006 standard weight-for-length curve</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All children are above –1 SD of WHO 2006 standard weight-for-height curve</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 78·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·2%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·1%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child stunting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of children less than –3 SD, –3 to –2 SD, and –2 to –1 SD of the WHO 2006 standard height-for-age curve</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All children are above –1 SD of WHO 2006 standard height-for-age curve</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 78·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·2%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·1%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight and short gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of births occurring in 2 week bands starting from <24 weeks to 39–40 weeks</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">40–41 weeks gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of births occurring in 500 g categories starting from <500 g to 4000–4499 g</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4500–4999 g birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Iron deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Peripheral blood haemoglobin concentration in g/L</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Counterfactual haemoglobin concentration in the abscence of iron deficiency in g/L</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85·1%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Vitamin A deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of children aged 0–5 years with serum retinol concentration <0·7 μmol/L</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No childhood vitamin A deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·4%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Zinc deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population with inadequate zinc intake versus loss</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No inadequate zinc intake</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 93·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tobacco</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>98·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking Impact Ratio method: cumulative exposure to smoked tobacco products, proxied by excess lung cancer mortality; direct smoking: 5 year lagged proportion of the population who currently smoke daily</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All individuals are lifelong non-smokers</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 92·8%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 96·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 99·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smokeless tobacco</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Current use of any smokeless tobacco product</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All individuals are lifelong non-users of smokeless tobacco products</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 70·8%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·3%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily exposure to air particulate matter in the home from second-hand smoke with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2·5 μg, measured in μg/m3, among non-smokers living with a current daily smoker</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No second-hand smoke exposure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·7%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 90·8%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Alcohol and drug use</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>54·9%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>62·6%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>79·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily alcohol consumption of pure alcohol (measured in g per day) in current drinkers who had consumed alcohol during the past 12 months; binge drinking: proportion of the population reporting binge consumption of at least 60 g for males and 48 g for females of pure alcohol on a single occasion</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No alcohol consumption</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·6%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 69·7%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drug use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population dependent upon opioids, cannabis, cocaine, or amphetamines; proportion of the population who have ever injected drugs</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No drug use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Dietary risks</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of fruits (fresh, frozen, cooked, canned, or dried fruits, excluding fruit juices and salted or pickled fruits)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of fruit between 200 g and 300 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in vegetables</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of vegetables (fresh, frozen, cooked, canned, or dried vegetables, excluding legumes and salted or pickled vegetables, juices, nuts, and seeds, and starchy vegetables such as potatoes or corn)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of vegetables between 290 g and 430 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in legumes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of legumes (fresh, frozen, cooked, canned, or dried legumes)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of legumes between 50 g and 70 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in whole grains</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of whole grains (bran, germ, and endosperm in their natural proportion) from breakfast cereals, bread, rice, pasta, biscuits, muffins, tortillas, pancakes, and other sources</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of whole grains between 100 g and 150 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in nuts and seeds</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of nut and seed foods</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of nuts and seeds between 16 g and 25 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in milk</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of milk including non-fat, low-fat, and full-fat milk, excluding soy milk and other plant derivatives</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of milk between 350 g and 520 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in red meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of red meat (beef, pork, lamb, and goat but excluding poultry, fish, eggs, and all processed meats)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of red meat between 18 g and 27 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in processed meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of meat preserved by smoking, curing, salting, or addition of chemical preservatives</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of processed meat between 0 g and 4 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily consumption of beverages with ≥50 kcal per 226·8 g serving, including carbonated beverages, sodas, energy drinks, fruit drinks, but excluding 100% fruit and vegetable juices</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages between 0 g and 5 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fibre</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily intake of fibre from all sources including fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, and pulses</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of fibre between 19 g and 28 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in calcium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily intake of calcium from all sources, including milk, yogurt, and cheese</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of calcium between 1·00 g and 1·50 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in seafood omega 3 fatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily intake of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of seafood omega 3 fatty acids between 200 mg and 300 mg per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in polyunsaturated fatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily intake of omega 6 fatty acids from all sources, mainly liquid vegetable oils, including soybean oil, corn oil, and safflower oil</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids between 9% and 13% of total daily energy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 96·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 96·9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in transfatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average daily intake of transfat from all sources, mainly partially hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant products</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Consumption of transfatty acids between 0% and 1% of total daily energy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·5%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sodium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24 h urinary sodium measured in g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24 h urinary sodium between 1 g and 5 g per day</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·2%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Sexual abuse and violence</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>68·2%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>78·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>87·2%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Childhood sexual abuse</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population ever having had the experience of intercourse or other contact abuse (ie, fondling and other sexual touching) when aged 15 years or younger, and the perpetrator or partner was more than 5 years older than the victim</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No childhood sexual abuse</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·8%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·5%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Intimate partner violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population who have ever experienced one or more acts of physical or sexual violence by a present or former intimate partner since age 15 years</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No intimate partner violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·2%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 76·4%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86·2%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe sex</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population with exposure to sexual encounters that convey the risk of disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No exposure to a disease agent through sex</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·8%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Average weekly physical activity at work, home, transport-related, and recreational measured by MET min per week</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">All adults experience 3000–4500 MET min per week</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·9%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·2%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Metabolic risks</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>··</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>100·0%</bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="7" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Serum fasting plasma glucose measured in mmol/L</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4·8–5·4 mmol/L</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·8%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 69·7%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High total cholesterol</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Serum total cholesterol, measured in mmol/L</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2·78–3·38 mmol/L</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·2%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 78·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Systolic blood pressure, measured in mmHg</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">110–115 mm Hg</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 64·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·1%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·6%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Body-mass index, measured in kg/m<sup>2</sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25 kg/m<sup>2</sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 91·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·0%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low bone mineral density</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Standardised mean bone mineral density values measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry at the femoral neck in g/cm<sup>2</sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">99th percentile of NHANES 2005–14 by age and sex</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·9%</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Proportion of the population with ACR >30 mg/g and/or GFR <60 mL/min per 1·73m<sup>2</sup>, excluding end-stage renal disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ACR <30 mg/g and GFR >60 mL/min per 1·73m<sup>2</sup></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·3%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·0%</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·3%</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN6"><p id="P90">GBD=Global Burden of Disease. MET=metabolic equivalent. NHANES=National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PM<sub>2·5</sub>=particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2·5 μm, measured in μg/m<sup>3</sup>. TMREL=theoretical minimum risk exposure level. ppb=parts per billion. ACR=albumin-to-creatine ratio. GFR=glomerular filtration rate.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T3" position="float" orientation="landscape"><label>Table 3</label><caption><title>Global age-standardised SEVs for all risk factors, 1990, 2006, and 2016, with mean percent change for three time periods, between 1990 and 2006, 2006 and 2016, and 1990 and 2016, by risk level</title></caption><table frame="box" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Risk</th><th align="left" valign="top" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Male</th><th align="left" valign="top" colspan="6" rowspan="1">Female</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Combined percent change 1990–2016</th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="6"><hr></hr></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="6"><hr></hr></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th></tr><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1990</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2016</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percent change 1990–2006</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percent change 2006–16</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percent change 1990–2016</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1990</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2016</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percent change 1990–2006</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percent change 2006–16</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percent change 1990–2016</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Environmental and occupational risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe water source</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·27<break></break>(15·57 to 26·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·27<break></break>(14·30 to 24·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·08<break></break>(13·47 to 22·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·61<break></break>(–10·54 to –6·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·61<break></break>(–7·29 to –3·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·74<break></break>(–15·78 to –11·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·94<break></break>(15·32 to 26·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·12<break></break>(14·19 to 24·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·04<break></break>(13·45 to 22·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·96<break></break>(–9·87 to –6·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·08<break></break>(–6·76 to –3·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·64<break></break>(–14·67 to –10·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·14<break></break>(–15·18 to –10·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe sanitation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·46<break></break>(53·29 to 60·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·29<break></break>(38·91 to 46·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·26<break></break>(29·47 to 38·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·10<break></break>(–28·04 to –22·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·36<break></break>(–25·52 to –17·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·10<break></break>(–45·39 to –36·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55·13<break></break>(51·99 to 59·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·91<break></break>(38·53 to 46·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·34<break></break>(29·49 to 38·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·97<break></break>(–27·05 to –20·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·45<break></break>(–24·51 to –16·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –39·51<break></break>(–44·05 to –34·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·28<break></break>(–44·73 to –35·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No access to handwashing facility</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·22<break></break>(35·56 to 36·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·57<break></break>(34·00 to 35·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·13<break></break>(32·66 to 33·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·57<break></break>(–6·31 to –2·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·15<break></break>(–5·29 to –2·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·53<break></break>(–10·53 to –6·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·82<break></break>(35·15 to 36·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·54<break></break>(33·98 to 35·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·34<break></break>(32·87 to 33·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·57<break></break>(–5·34 to –1·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·46<break></break>(–4·64 to –2·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·91<break></break>(–8·94 to –4·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·67<break></break>(–9·69 to –5·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Air pollution</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·42<break></break>(37·19 to 53·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·74<break></break>(38·10 to 54·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·56<break></break>(41·42 to 58·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·96<break></break>(1·88 to 3·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·37<break></break>(6·79 to 9·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·57<break></break>(9·47 to 13·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·79<break></break>(36·57 to 52·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·00<break></break>(37·47 to 54·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·87<break></break>(40·79 to 58·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·76<break></break>(1·69 to 3·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·58<break></break>(6·98 to 9·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·58<break></break>(9·44 to 13·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·60<break></break>(9·48 to 13·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·05<break></break>(27·33 to 41·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·65<break></break>(20·30 to 31·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·95<break></break>(14·97 to 23·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·66<break></break>(–27·07 to –22·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·12<break></break>(–28·68 to –23·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·33<break></break>(–47·18 to –41·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·67<break></break>(30·59 to 40·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·57<break></break>(23·56 to 31·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·69<break></break>(17·54 to 24·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·71<break></break>(–24·92 to –20·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·95<break></break>(–27·24 to –22·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –42·00<break></break>(–44·45 to –39·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·14<break></break>(–45·63 to –40·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient ozone pollution</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·49<break></break>(13·87 to 68·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·30<break></break>(15·71 to 74·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·75<break></break>(18·05 to 78·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·50<break></break>(8·84 to 14·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·57<break></break>(5·92 to 15·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·63<break></break>(15·49 to 31·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·22<break></break>(13·78 to 67·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·66<break></break>(15·45 to 73·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·94<break></break>(17·71 to 77·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·61<break></break>(8·35 to 12·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·39<break></break>(5·99 to 15·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·44<break></break>(15·05 to 29·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·03<break></break>(15·27 to 30·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Other environmental risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Residential radon</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·12<break></break>(22·17 to 30·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·08<break></break>(22·09 to 30·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·17<break></break>(22·17 to 30·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·12<break></break>(–1·27 to 1·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·34<break></break>(–0·24 to 0·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·22<break></break>(–1·41 to 1·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·27<break></break>(22·33 to 30·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·23<break></break>(22·25 to 30·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·34<break></break>(22·32 to 30·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·12<break></break>(–1·32 to 1·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·41<break></break>(–0·22 to 1·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·29<break></break>(–1·45 to 2·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·25<break></break>(–1·43 to 2·04)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lead exposure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·01<break></break>(8·93 to 33·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·57<break></break>(8·35 to 31·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·01<break></break>(6·28 to 27·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·19<break></break>(–10·97 to –4·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·20<break></break>(–25·88 to –14·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·01<break></break>(–32·80 to –18·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·27<break></break>(2·82 to 21·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·18<break></break>(3·19 to 21·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·37<break></break>(2·47 to 18·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·80<break></break>(–4·67 to 13·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·86<break></break>(–24·00 to –13·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·52<break></break>(–24·51 to –10·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·68<break></break>(–30·06 to –17·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Occupational risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>3</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Occupational carcinogens</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to asbestos</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·11<break></break>(3·85 to 4·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·00<break></break>(3·76 to 4·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·90<break></break>(3·65 to 4·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·68<break></break>(–5·60 to –0·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·41<break></break>(–3·52 to –1·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·03<break></break>(–7·49 to –2·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·47<break></break>(1·36 to 1·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·25<break></break>(1·17 to 1·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·19<break></break>(1·11 to 1·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·74<break></break>(–16·66 to –13·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·97<break></break>(–6·27 to –3·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·98<break></break>(–21·23 to –17·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·91<break></break>(–8·97 to –5·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to arsenic</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·91<break></break>(0·00 to 3·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(0·00 to 3·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·02<break></break>(0·00 to 3·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·31<break></break>(0·18 to 10·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·23<break></break>(3·89 to 8·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·94<break></break>(4·14 to 20·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·72<break></break>(0·00 to 2·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·81<break></break>(0·00 to 2·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·88<break></break>(0·00 to 3·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·83<break></break>(2·14 to 19·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·82<break></break>(5·35 to 11·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·70<break></break>(8·33 to 33·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·81<break></break>(6·00 to 25·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to benzene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·77<break></break>(0·36 to 1·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·87<break></break>(0·44 to 1·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(0·51 to 1·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·93<break></break>(9·26 to 21·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·25<break></break>(8·22 to 14·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·50<break></break>(18·21 to 38·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·65<break></break>(0·27 to 1·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·80<break></break>(0·37 to 1·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·94<break></break>(0·46 to 1·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·92<break></break>(17·94 to 37·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·04<break></break>(13·69 to 24·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·86<break></break>(34·03 to 71·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·27<break></break>(25·56 to 52·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to beryllium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·09 to 0·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·10<break></break>(0·10 to 0·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·11 to 0·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·33<break></break>(10·18 to 10·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·40<break></break>(6·30 to 6·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·39<break></break>(17·17 to 17·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·07<break></break>(0·07 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·08<break></break>(0·08 to 0·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·09 to 0·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·36<break></break>(23·14 to 23·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·48<break></break>(13·35 to 13·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·99<break></break>(39·65 to 40·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·78<break></break>(26·60 to 26·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to cadmium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·18<break></break>(0·18 to 0·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·20<break></break>(0·20 to 0·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·22<break></break>(0·22 to 0·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·27<break></break>(12·96 to 13·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·35<break></break>(9·15 to 9·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·86<break></break>(23·39 to 24·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·13<break></break>(0·13 to 0·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·16<break></break>(0·16 to 0·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·19<break></break>(0·18 to 0·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·86<break></break>(22·14 to 23·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·76<break></break>(13·16 to 14·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·76<break></break>(38·93 to 40·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·69<break></break>(30·23 to 31·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to chromium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·38<break></break>(0·38 to 0·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·45<break></break>(0·44 to 0·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·50<break></break>(0·49 to 0·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·37<break></break>(17·03 to 17·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·82<break></break>(11·59 to 12·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·24<break></break>(30·77 to 31·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·28<break></break>(0·28 to 0·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·36<break></break>(0·35 to 0·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·42<break></break>(0·41 to 0·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·61<break></break>(25·62 to 27·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·00<break></break>(15·33 to 16·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·86<break></break>(45·96 to 47·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·94<break></break>(37·46 to 38·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·29<break></break>(2·26 to 2·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·78<break></break>(2·74 to 2·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·11<break></break>(3·07 to 3·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·41<break></break>(20·94 to 21·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·86<break></break>(11·60 to 12·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·80<break></break>(35·28 to 36·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·22<break></break>(1·20 to 1·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·61<break></break>(1·59 to 1·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·86<break></break>(1·83 to 1·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·59<break></break>(32·10 to 33·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·19<break></break>(14·80 to 15·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·73<break></break>(51·97 to 53·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·78<break></break>(41·29 to 42·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·58<break></break>(5·66 to 21·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·96<break></break>(5·67 to 22·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·77<break></break>(6·00 to 24·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·02<break></break>(0·61 to 4·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·23<break></break>(5·39 to 6·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·44<break></break>(6·25 to 11·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·65<break></break>(4·83 to 18·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·47<break></break>(5·11 to 20·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·18<break></break>(5·39 to 21·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·69<break></break>(5·75 to 8·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·17<break></break>(5·33 to 6·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·33<break></break>(11·51 to 15·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·63<break></break>(8·77 to 13·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to formaldehyde</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·79<break></break>(0·77 to 0·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·91<break></break>(0·88 to 0·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·01<break></break>(0·98 to 1·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·91<break></break>(14·45 to 15·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·67<break></break>(10·41 to 10·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·17<break></break>(26·49 to 27·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·57<break></break>(0·55 to 0·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·70<break></break>(0·67 to 0·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·80<break></break>(0·77 to 0·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·93<break></break>(21·84 to 23·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·63<break></break>(14·06 to 15·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·92<break></break>(39·83 to 42·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·87<break></break>(32·25 to 33·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to nickel</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·60<break></break>(0·00 to 7·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·67<break></break>(0·00 to 8·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·75<break></break>(0·00 to 8·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·62<break></break>(–3·15 to 7·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·52<break></break>(1·26 to 6·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·36<break></break>(–1·85 to 14·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·07<break></break>(0·00 to 4·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·18<break></break>(0·00 to 5·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·27<break></break>(0·00 to 6·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·38<break></break>(–1·64 to 15·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·75<break></break>(3·07 to 10·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·93<break></break>(1·74 to 27·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·25<break></break>(–0·43 to 19·36)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·80<break></break>(0·79 to 0·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·93<break></break>(0·92 to 0·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·05<break></break>(1·03 to 1·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·04<break></break>(16·72 to 17·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·89<break></break>(11·71 to 12·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·96<break></break>(30·53 to 31·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·58<break></break>(0·58 to 0·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·74<break></break>(0·73 to 0·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·86<break></break>(0·85 to 0·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·50<break></break>(25·77 to 27·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·77<break></break>(16·27 to 17·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·71<break></break>(46·91 to 48·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·08<break></break>(37·65 to 38·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to silica</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·76<break></break>(2·34 to 14·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·97<break></break>(2·59 to 14·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·21<break></break>(2·78 to 15·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·67<break></break>(0·97 to 10·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·05<break></break>(2·23 to 7·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·87<break></break>(3·25 to 18·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·11<break></break>(1·19 to 7·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·16<break></break>(1·34 to 7·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·29<break></break>(1·45 to 7·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·62<break></break>(–2·33 to 12·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·98<break></break>(1·53 to 8·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·66<break></break>(–0·80 to 21·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·16<break></break>(1·90 to 19·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to sulfuric acid</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·93<break></break>(0·56 to 1·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·98<break></break>(0·63 to 1·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·03<break></break>(0·67 to 2·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·70<break></break>(0·98 to 11·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·63<break></break>(2·40 to 7·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·58<break></break>(3·34 to 19·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·68<break></break>(0·39 to 1·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·77<break></break>(0·48 to 1·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·83<break></break>(0·54 to 1·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·54<break></break>(5·65 to 22·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·87<break></break>(4·54 to 11·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·39<break></break>(10·34 to 36·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·18<break></break>(6·51 to 26·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·22<break></break>(0·22 to 0·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(0·26 to 0·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·30<break></break>(0·29 to 0·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·43<break></break>(19·07 to 19·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·90<break></break>(11·59 to 12·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·64<break></break>(33·15 to 34·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·16<break></break>(0·16 to 0·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·21<break></break>(0·21 to 0·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·24<break></break>(0·24 to 0·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·39<break></break>(28·28 to 30·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·04<break></break>(15·52 to 16·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50·15<break></break>(49·33 to 50·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·64<break></break>(40·23 to 41·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational asthmagens</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·14<break></break>(19·26 to 27·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·44<break></break>(19·61 to 28·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·97<break></break>(20·12 to 28·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·30<break></break>(0·28 to 2·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·28<break></break>(1·75 to 2·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·61<break></break>(2·17 to 5·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·70<break></break>(8·71 to 13·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·42<break></break>(10·13 to 15·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·39<break></break>(10·96 to 16·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·04<break></break>(14·27 to 17·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·80<break></break>(7·01 to 8·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·09<break></break>(22·75 to 27·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·50<break></break>(8·62 to 12·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational particulate matter, gases, and fumes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·28<break></break>(9·40 to 16·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·53<break></break>(9·64 to 16·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·60<break></break>(9·72 to 16·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·99<break></break>(1·40 to 2·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·58<break></break>(0·19 to 0·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·59<break></break>(1·76 to 3·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·59<break></break>(4·29 to 7·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·15<break></break>(4·78 to 8·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·49<break></break>(5·05 to 8·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·01<break></break>(8·28 to 11·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·44<break></break>(4·56 to 6·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·00<break></break>(13·53 to 18·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·30<break></break>(5·61 to 8·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational noise</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·38<break></break>(13·89 to 19·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·38<break></break>(14·00 to 19·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·21<break></break>(13·92 to 18·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·01<break></break>(–0·92 to 0·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·06<break></break>(–2·04 to –0·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·07<break></break>(–2·82 to 0·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·11<break></break>(6·22 to 8·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·94<break></break>(6·98 to 8·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·45<break></break>(7·45 to 9·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·69<break></break>(11·00 to 12·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·47<break></break>(6·09 to 6·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·92<break></break>(17·89 to 20·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·41<break></break>(3·83 to 6·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational ergonomic factors</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·56<break></break>(23·13 to 26·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·62<break></break>(23·05 to 26·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·44<break></break>(22·01 to 25·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·27<break></break>(–0·72 to 1·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·79<break></break>(–5·10 to –4·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·54<break></break>(–5·47 to –3·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·46<break></break>(11·73 to 13·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·70<break></break>(13·80 to 15·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·15<break></break>(14·21 to 16·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·95<break></break>(16·56 to 19·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·06<break></break>(2·72 to 3·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·56<break></break>(19·97 to 23·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·31<break></break>(3·39 to 5·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Behavioural risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Child and maternal malnutrition</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>3</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Suboptimal breastfeeding</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Non-exclusive breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·03<break></break>(17·85 to 32·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·62<break></break>(16·92 to 29·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·72<break></break>(17·08 to 29·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·85<break></break>(–7·72 to –3·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(–1·59 to 2·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·45<break></break>(–7·72 to –2·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·99<break></break>(17·82 to 32·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·60<break></break>(16·88 to 29·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·70<break></break>(17·05 to 30·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·79<break></break>(–7·61 to –3·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·42<break></break>(–1·54 to 2·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·39<break></break>(–7·63 to –2·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·42<break></break>(–7·68 to –2·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Discontinued breastfeeding</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·15<break></break>(12·04 to 12·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·93<break></break>(11·84 to 12·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·75<break></break>(12·60 to 12·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·80<break></break>(–3·03 to –0·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·86<break></break>(5·55 to 8·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·94<break></break>(3·15 to 6·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·15<break></break>(12·04 to 12·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·89<break></break>(11·80 to 12·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·69<break></break>(12·53 to 12·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·12<break></break>(–3·35 to –0·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·71<break></break>(5·40 to 8·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·45<break></break>(2·68 to 6·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·70<break></break>(2·92 to 6·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>3</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Child growth failure</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child underweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·90<break></break>(13·04 to 16·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·52<break></break>(10·85 to 14·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·19<break></break>(7·59 to 10·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·99<break></break>(–19·77 to –12·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·61<break></break>(–30·36 to –23·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·34<break></break>(–43·20 to –34·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·04<break></break>(12·19 to 15·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·14<break></break>(9·38 to 12·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·41<break></break>(6·81 to 9·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·62<break></break>(–24·29 to –17·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·50<break></break>(–28·14 to –21·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·06<break></break>(–44·66 to –35·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –39·14<break></break>(–43·61 to –35·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child wasting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·46<break></break>(7·11 to 9·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·39<break></break>(7·08 to 9·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·11<break></break>(5·84 to 8·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·85<break></break>(–3·11 to 1·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·26<break></break>(–18·20 to –12·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·98<break></break>(–19·31 to –13·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·24<break></break>(6·88 to 9·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·57<break></break>(6·30 to 8·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·54<break></break>(5·36 to 7·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·16<break></break>(–10·86 to –5·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·56<break></break>(–15·99 to –11·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·61<break></break>(–24·15 to –17·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·19<break></break>(–21·38 to –15·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child stunting</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·71<break></break>(17·03 to 27·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·31<break></break>(14·80 to 23·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·07<break></break>(11·93 to 19·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·77<break></break>(–16·16 to –11·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·86<break></break>(–23·55 to –17·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·90<break></break>(–35·38 to –27·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·49<break></break>(16·28 to 26·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·53<break></break>(13·62 to 22·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·48<break></break>(10·78 to 18·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·82<break></break>(–19·62 to –14·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·77<break></break>(–24·47 to –17·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –34·10<break></break>(–38·80 to –30·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·40<break></break>(–36·66 to –29·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>3</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Low birthweight and short gestation</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·22<break></break>(9·52 to 11·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·55<break></break>(9·81 to 11·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·78<break></break>(10·00 to 11·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·28<break></break>(2·71 to 3·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·16<break></break>(1·46 to 3·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·51<break></break>(4·37 to 7·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·26<break></break>(9·44 to 11·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·67<break></break>(9·76 to 11·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·92<break></break>(9·95 to 12·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·95<break></break>(3·26 to 4·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·34<break></break>(1·67 to 3·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·39<break></break>(5·17 to 7·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·94<break></break>(4·95 to 7·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·91<break></break>(7·92 to 10·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·73<break></break>(7·80 to 9·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·61<break></break>(7·71 to 9·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·04<break></break>(–3·00 to –1·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·34<break></break>(–1·93 to –0·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·36<break></break>(–4·65 to –2·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·23<break></break>(8·23 to 10·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·93<break></break>(8·04 to 10·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·83<break></break>(7·96 to 10·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·22<break></break>(–4·53 to –2·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·14<break></break>(–1·68 to –0·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·32<break></break>(–5·85 to –2·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·83<break></break>(–5·10 to –2·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Iron deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·36<break></break>(6·25 to 10·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·49<break></break>(6·35 to 11·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·52<break></break>(6·38 to 11·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·46<break></break>(1·27 to 1·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·39<break></break>(0·28 to 0·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·86<break></break>(1·65 to 2·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·87<break></break>(1·67 to 2·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Vitamin A deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·37<break></break>(16·63 to 24·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·91<break></break>(13·58 to 20·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·30<break></break>(12·25 to 18·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·99<break></break>(–18·83 to –15·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·55<break></break>(–11·66 to –7·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·92<break></break>(–27·67 to –22·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·12<break></break>(15·60 to 22·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·03<break></break>(13·04 to 19·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·44<break></break>(11·43 to 17·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·16<break></break>(–17·99 to –13·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·90<break></break>(–12·40 to –7·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·46<break></break>(–27·62 to –21·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·69<break></break>(–27·48 to –21·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Zinc deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·26<break></break>(3·33 to 21·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·36<break></break>(2·93 to 18·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·96<break></break>(2·45 to 15·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·89<break></break>(–20·14 to –10·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·99<break></break>(–17·90 to –11·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·35<break></break>(–33·23 to –21·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·31<break></break>(3·29 to 21·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·35<break></break>(2·90 to 18·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·96<break></break>(2·46 to 15·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·29<break></break>(–20·61 to –11·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·85<break></break>(–17·96 to –10·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·57<break></break>(–33·72 to –22·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·46<break></break>(–32·76 to –23·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Tobacco</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·72<break></break>(32·76 to 39·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·16<break></break>(27·23 to 34·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·14<break></break>(22·69 to 28·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·57<break></break>(–18·63 to –12·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·63<break></break>(–20·29 to –12·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·61<break></break>(–33·96 to –24·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·11<break></break>(9·22 to 14·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·65<break></break>(7·88 to 12·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·93<break></break>(6·49 to 10·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·15<break></break>(–16·68 to –7·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·83<break></break>(–23·41 to –12·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·63<break></break>(–34·48 to –20·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·99<break></break>(–33·00 to –24·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smokeless tobacco</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·39<break></break>(12·68 to 14·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·58<break></break>(15·10 to 16·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·04<break></break>(14·34 to 15·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·36<break></break>(9·65 to 23·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·46<break></break>(–8·38 to 2·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·33<break></break>(4·70 to 20·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·34<break></break>(7·65 to 9·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·31<break></break>(8·82 to 9·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·61<break></break>(7·88 to 9·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·55<break></break>(1·46 to 23·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·44<break></break>(–16·18 to 2·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·25<break></break>(–8·03 to 16·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·11<break></break>(2·16 to 16·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·11<break></break>(22·52 to 23·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·73<break></break>(19·48 to 19·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·96<break></break>(18·60 to 19·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·62<break></break>(–16·80 to –12·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·91<break></break>(–4·99 to –2·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·96<break></break>(–20·68 to –15·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·29<break></break>(42·00 to 44·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·87<break></break>(35·10 to 36·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·32<break></break>(32·49 to 33·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·13<break></break>(–18·78 to –15·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·11<break></break>(–8·22 to –6·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·03<break></break>(–25·21 to –20·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·39<break></break>(–23·64 to –18·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Alcohol and drug use</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·82<break></break>(11·94 to 15·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·27<break></break>(12·36 to 16·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·05<break></break>(12·28 to 15·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·26<break></break>(–1·07 to 8·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·54<break></break>(–5·49 to 2·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·68<break></break>(–3·97 to 8·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·68<break></break>(4·57 to 6·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·90<break></break>(3·97 to 5·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·83<break></break>(3·93 to 5·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·70<break></break>(–17·59 to –9·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·49<break></break>(–6·97 to 4·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·98<break></break>(–20·47 to –8·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·84<break></break>(–8·09 to 3·36)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Drug use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·63<break></break>(0·32 to 1·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·61<break></break>(0·31 to 1·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·61<break></break>(0·31 to 1·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·98<break></break>(–3·70 to –2·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·41<break></break>(–0·76 to 1·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·58<break></break>(–4·08 to –0·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·38<break></break>(0·19 to 0·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·35<break></break>(0·18 to 0·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·36<break></break>(0·18 to 0·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·43<break></break>(–8·40 to –6·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·19<break></break>(–0·04 to 2·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·33<break></break>(–7·94 to –4·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·84<break></break>(–5·28 to –2·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Dietary risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·84<break></break>(54·78 to 91·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·49<break></break>(47·24 to 86·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 61·77<break></break>(41·88 to 80·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·81<break></break>(–13·94 to –4·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·49<break></break>(–11·37 to –6·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·47<break></break>(–23·57 to –11·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 72·47<break></break>(52·33 to 89·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63·10<break></break>(43·24 to 82·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·95<break></break>(37·44 to 75·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·92<break></break>(–17·54 to –7·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·75<break></break>(–12·98 to –7·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·41<break></break>(–28·12 to –15·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·41<break></break>(–25·83 to –13·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in vegetables</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·19<break></break>(36·90 to 71·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·87<break></break>(29·62 to 62·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·55<break></break>(26·41 to 57·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·36<break></break>(–19·49 to –12·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·41<break></break>(–11·75 to –7·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·32<break></break>(–28·38 to –19·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·42<break></break>(38·74 to 74·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·11<break></break>(31·55 to 64·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·79<break></break>(28·06 to 60·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·74<break></break>(–18·82 to –12·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·96<break></break>(–11·33 to –7·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·38<break></break>(–27·62 to –18·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·83<break></break>(–27·86 to –19·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in legumes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·50<break></break>(28·42 to 54·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·97<break></break>(33·03 to 58·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·13<break></break>(32·40 to 57·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·78<break></break>(6·42 to 17·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·83<break></break>(–3·69 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·75<break></break>(4·50 to 14·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·78<break></break>(33·68 to 61·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·23<break></break>(38·14 to 65·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·61<break></break>(37·74 to 65·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·33<break></break>(6·14 to 13·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·18<break></break>(–2·64 to 0·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·04<break></break>(4·89 to 12·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·18<break></break>(4·89 to 13·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in whole grains</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 64·83<break></break>(45·85 to 83·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 58·75<break></break>(41·16 to 76·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 58·64<break></break>(41·07 to 76·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·37<break></break>(–10·53 to –7·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·20<break></break>(–0·52 to 0·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·55<break></break>(–10·79 to –8·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·47<break></break>(46·12 to 83·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59·44<break></break>(41·30 to 77·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·66<break></break>(42·41 to 78·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·21<break></break>(–10·80 to –7·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·06<break></break>(1·26 to 2·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·34<break></break>(–8·50 to –6·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·44<break></break>(–9·57 to –7·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in nuts and seeds</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·83<break></break>(68·81 to 99·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·75<break></break>(63·76 to 95·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·39<break></break>(60·77 to 94·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·72<break></break>(–7·32 to –4·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·82<break></break>(–4·85 to –0·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·38<break></break>(–11·67 to –4·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 89·01<break></break>(68·93 to 99·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 84·32<break></break>(64·20 to 95·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·94<break></break>(61·27 to 95·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·27<break></break>(–6·94 to –3·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·82<break></break>(–4·65 to –0·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·94<break></break>(–11·18 to –4·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·16<break></break>(–11·38 to –4·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in milk</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·31<break></break>(63·75 to 93·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·31<break></break>(65·78 to 95·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·48<break></break>(65·88 to 95·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·47<break></break>(1·94 to 3·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·20<break></break>(–0·23 to 0·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·67<break></break>(2·11 to 3·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·43<break></break>(63·96 to 94·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·40<break></break>(65·84 to 95·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·62<break></break>(65·94 to 96·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·42<break></break>(1·83 to 3·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·27<break></break>(–0·14 to 0·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·70<break></break>(2·11 to 3·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·71<break></break>(2·19 to 3·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in red meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·44<break></break>(16·17 to 22·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·77<break></break>(18·13 to 25·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·66<break></break>(21·03 to 28·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·97<break></break>(6·60 to 17·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·28<break></break>(8·34 to 19·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·84<break></break>(20·66 to 34·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·50<break></break>(6·08 to 11·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·96<break></break>(6·42 to 11·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·84<break></break>(7·89 to 13·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·35<break></break>(–2·82 to 16·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·05<break></break>(10·94 to 34·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·53<break></break>(17·12 to 41·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·57<break></break>(21·74 to 34·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in processed meat</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·84<break></break>(6·20 to 10·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·62<break></break>(6·12 to 9·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·19<break></break>(4·58 to 8·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·79<break></break>(–8·00 to 1·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·81<break></break>(–26·23 to –11·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·08<break></break>(–29·56 to –12·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·38<break></break>(3·82 to 7·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·07<break></break>(3·69 to 7·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·32<break></break>(2·95 to 6·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·92<break></break>(–11·73 to 0·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·62<break></break>(–22·25 to –7·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·68<break></break>(–27·67 to –10·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·45<break></break>(–27·41 to –12·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·19<break></break>(11·19 to 13·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·70<break></break>(14·48 to 16·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·90<break></break>(16·52 to 19·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·79<break></break>(22·74 to 35·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·06<break></break>(11·40 to 16·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·89<break></break>(38·49 to 55·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·47<break></break>(8·47 to 10·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·79<break></break>(10·79 to 12·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·45<break></break>(12·28 to 14·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·47<break></break>(17·25 to 31·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·10<break></break>(10·72 to 17·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·02<break></break>(31·42 to 52·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·73<break></break>(36·08 to 52·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fibre</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59·23<break></break>(38·47 to 80·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·12<break></break>(35·61 to 76·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·27<break></break>(33·15 to 73·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·24<break></break>(–7·57 to –3·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·08<break></break>(–7·43 to –3·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·06<break></break>(–13·95 to –7·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·96<break></break>(45·54 to 87·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 64·02<break></break>(42·94 to 84·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 61·76<break></break>(40·67 to 82·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·39<break></break>(–6·33 to –3·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·53<break></break>(–5·53 to –2·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·77<break></break>(–11·04 to –5·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·89<break></break>(–12·30 to –6·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in calcium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63·99<break></break>(44·32 to 82·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·79<break></break>(41·37 to 80·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57·11<break></break>(37·87 to 76·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·01<break></break>(–6·88 to –3·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·05<break></break>(–8·50 to –4·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·75<break></break>(–14·66 to –7·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·45<break></break>(46·60 to 85·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63·73<break></break>(43·96 to 83·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·70<break></break>(41·09 to 80·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·09<break></break>(–5·70 to –2·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·76<break></break>(–6·69 to –3·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·66<break></break>(–11·87 to –5·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·67<break></break>(–13·21 to –6·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in seafood omega 3 fatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 80·95<break></break>(62·89 to 93·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 78·84<break></break>(60·21 to 92·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 76·66<break></break>(57·55 to 91·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·61<break></break>(–4·24 to –1·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·76<break></break>(–4·41 to –0·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·31<break></break>(–8·41 to –1·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·50<break></break>(64·41 to 94·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·01<break></break>(62·43 to 93·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 79·29<break></break>(60·18 to 93·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·81<break></break>(–3·21 to –0·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·12<break></break>(–3·59 to –0·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·89<break></break>(–6·61 to –1·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·59<break></break>(–7·46 to –1·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in polyunsaturated fatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·06<break></break>(43·63 to 46·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·75<break></break>(41·51 to 43·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·59<break></break>(38·34 to 40·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·12<break></break>(–8·80 to –1·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·39<break></break>(–10·43 to –4·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·13<break></break>(–15·52 to –8·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·88<break></break>(41·39 to 44·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·13<break></break>(40·86 to 43·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·01<break></break>(37·71 to 40·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·75<break></break>(–6·01 to 2·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·42<break></break>(–10·78 to –3·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·03<break></break>(–13·10 to –4·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·66<break></break>(–13·33 to –7·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in transfatty acids</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·64<break></break>(3·38 to 13·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·95<break></break>(1·69 to 10·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·65<break></break>(0·96 to 8·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·13<break></break>(–52·63 to –22·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·21<break></break>(–45·06 to –14·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –52·13<break></break>(–72·97 to –33·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·53<break></break>(5·22 to 17·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·03<break></break>(2·87 to 13·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·21<break></break>(1·73 to 11·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –33·22<break></break>(–46·91 to –21·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·92<break></break>(–42·55 to –15·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –50·53<break></break>(–68·52 to –34·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –51·32<break></break>(–70·08 to –34·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sodium</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·14<break></break>(19·26 to 76·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·66<break></break>(12·48 to 76·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·77<break></break>(11·77 to 76·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·89<break></break>(–35·22 to 1·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·18<break></break>(–9·26 to –0·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·89<break></break>(–40·40 to 0·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·80<break></break>(18·77 to 76·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·98<break></break>(11·76 to 74·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·22<break></break>(10·50 to 72·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·29<break></break>(–38·80 to –2·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·64<break></break>(–12·09 to –1·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·32<break></break>(–44·79 to –4·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·63<break></break>(–42·22 to –2·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Sexual abuse and violence</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Childhood sexual abuse</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·78<break></break>(5·66 to 8·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·81<break></break>(5·72 to 7·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·09<break></break>(5·94 to 8·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·46<break></break>(–0·56 to 1·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·10<break></break>(3·41 to 4·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·58<break></break>(3·92 to 5·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·78<break></break>(6·57 to 9·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·51<break></break>(6·39 to 8·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·68<break></break>(6·46 to 9·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·44<break></break>(–4·40 to –2·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·23<break></break>(1·23 to 3·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·29<break></break>(–2·41 to 0·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·46<break></break>(0·76 to 2·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Intimate partner violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·80<break></break>(10·05 to 13·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·90<break></break>(9·40 to 12·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·32<break></break>(8·88 to 11·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·62<break></break>(–8·80 to –6·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·33<break></break>(–5·90 to –4·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·55<break></break>(–13·59 to –11·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·80<break></break>(–13·82 to –11·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·02<break></break>(9·66 to 28·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·16<break></break>(9·81 to 28·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·25<break></break>(9·81 to 28·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·78<break></break>(–28·27 to 39·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·51<break></break>(–27·42 to 41·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·30<break></break>(0·94 to 1·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·32<break></break>(8·52 to 23·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·12<break></break>(8·42 to 23·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·05<break></break>(8·33 to 23·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·28<break></break>(–30·22 to 37·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·49<break></break>(–28·76 to 41·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·77<break></break>(–2·31 to –1·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·07<break></break>(–0·32 to 0·38)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" colspan="14" rowspan="1"><bold>Metabolic risks</bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="15"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·87<break></break>(1·79 to 4·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·68<break></break>(2·37 to 5·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·70<break></break>(2·36 to 5·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·39<break></break>(19·48 to 41·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·60<break></break>(–7·76 to 8·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·17<break></break>(21·33 to 40·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·46<break></break>(1·48 to 3·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·34<break></break>(2·14 to 4·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·14<break></break>(1·97 to 4·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·71<break></break>(20·73 to 59·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·93<break></break>(–15·95 to 1·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·66<break></break>(18·53 to 42·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·77<break></break>(21·32 to 39·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High total cholesterol</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·43<break></break>(13·61 to 21·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·87<break></break>(13·07 to 21·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·75<break></break>(12·96 to 21·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·20<break></break>(–4·08 to –2·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·74<break></break>(–1·28 to –0·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·91<break></break>(–4·91 to –2·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·14<break></break>(16·16 to 24·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·30<break></break>(15·40 to 23·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·05<break></break>(15·10 to 23·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·17<break></break>(–5·13 to –3·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·29<break></break>(–1·91 to –0·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·41<break></break>(–6·65 to –4·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·12<break></break>(–6·23 to –4·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·23<break></break>(23·60 to 27·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·37<break></break>(23·68 to 27·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·69<break></break>(23·99 to 27·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·54<break></break>(0·18 to 0·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·29<break></break>(0·96 to 1·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·83<break></break>(1·40 to 2·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·03<break></break>(24·45 to 27·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·03<break></break>(23·53 to 26·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·69<break></break>(23·20 to 26·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·82<break></break>(–4·22 to –3·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·35<break></break>(–1·70 to –0·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·12<break></break>(–5·55 to –4·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·95<break></break>(–2·28 to –1·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·91<break></break>(3·95 to 8·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·93<break></break>(5·41 to 11·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·50<break></break>(6·52 to 13·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·16<break></break>(25·41 to 45·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·82<break></break>(15·03 to 25·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·75<break></break>(45·26 to 81·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·62<break></break>(4·51 to 9·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·89<break></break>(6·21 to 12·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·64<break></break>(7·51 to 14·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·22<break></break>(25·81 to 44·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·69<break></break>(15·07 to 24·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·65<break></break>(45·85 to 79·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·25<break></break>(45·14 to 79·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low bone mineral density</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·49<break></break>(10·42 to 12·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·40<break></break>(10·34 to 12·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·33<break></break>(10·29 to 12·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·75<break></break>(–1·08 to –0·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·60<break></break>(–0·84 to –0·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·34<break></break>(–1·79 to –0·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·59<break></break>(11·47 to 13·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·59<break></break>(11·48 to 13·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·65<break></break>(11·51 to 13·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·06<break></break>(–0·16 to 0·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·41<break></break>(0·16 to 0·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·46<break></break>(0·21 to 0·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·51<break></break>(–0·75 to –0·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·78<break></break>(2·94 to 9·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·84<break></break>(2·98 to 9·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·90<break></break>(3·01 to 9·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·16<break></break>(0·41 to 1·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·23<break></break>(0·61 to 1·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·41<break></break>(1·11 to 3·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·46<break></break>(3·42 to 10·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·48<break></break>(3·41 to 10·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·54<break></break>(3·44 to 10·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·35<break></break>(–0·80 to 1·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·06<break></break>(0·47 to 1·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·41<break></break>(–0·05 to 3·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·63<break></break>(0·44 to 3·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">*</xref></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN7"><p id="P91">Data in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals. SEVs=summary exposure values.</p></fn><fn id="TFN8"><label>*</label><p id="P92">Statistically significant increase or decrease.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="T4" position="float" orientation="landscape"><label>Table 4</label><caption><title>Global all-age attributable deaths and DALYs, in 2006 and 2016, and percentage change of deaths, age-standardised death rates, DALYs, and age-standardised DALY rates between 2006 and 2016, for all risk-outcome pairs, both sexes combined</title></caption><table frame="box" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Risk</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006 deaths (in thousands)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2016 deaths (in thousands)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percentage change of deaths 2006–16</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percentage change of age-standardised deaths rate 2006–16</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2006 DALYs (in thousands)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2016 DALYs (in thousands)</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percentage change of DALYs 2006–16</th><th align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Percentage change of age-standardised DALYs rate 2006–16</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>0</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>All risk factors: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>31 848·45</bold><break></break><bold>(31 122·54 to 32 552·54)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>32 756·24</bold><break></break><bold>(31 855·63 to 33 694·29)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>2·85</bold><break></break><bold>(1·12 to 4·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–18·73</bold><break></break><bold>(–20·03 to –17·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>1 182 311·16</bold><break></break><bold>(1 130 619·01 to 1 237 965·11)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>1 080 115·72</bold><break></break><bold>(1 017 412·55 to 1 149 380·02)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–8·64</bold><break></break><bold>(–10·66 to –6·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–21·71</bold><break></break><bold>(–23·29 to –20·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Environmental and occupational risks: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>9751·57</bold><break></break><bold>(9103·89 to 10 482·39)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>9293·43</bold><break></break><bold>(8663·33 to 9987·21)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–4·70</bold><break></break><bold>(–7·01 to –2·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–24·30</bold><break></break><bold>(–26·04 to –22·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>367 198·64</bold><break></break><bold>(341 616·82 to 392 521·03)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>311 970·97</bold><break></break><bold>(290 297·06 to 335 402·79)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–15·04</bold><break></break><bold>(–18·03 to –12·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–27·23</bold><break></break><bold>(–29·61 to –24·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>2231·21</bold><break></break><bold>(1736·49 to 3001·11)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>1660·77</bold><break></break><bold>(1253·69 to 2312·04)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–25·57</bold><break></break><bold>(–32·82 to –16·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–36·78</bold><break></break><bold>(–42·78 to –29·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>118 178·24</bold><break></break><bold>(99 042·42 to 141 176·50)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>75 796·04</bold><break></break><bold>(61 906·38 to 93 460·54)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–35·86</bold><break></break><bold>(–41·64 to –29·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–40·76</bold><break></break><bold>(–45·87 to –35·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe water source: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1570·53<break></break>(716·65 to 2364·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1160·16<break></break>(515·93 to 1858·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·13<break></break>(–34·62 to –15·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·49<break></break>(–44·89 to –28·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82 040·06<break></break>(38 265·29 to 110 406·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52 440·65<break></break>(23 552·84 to 73 900·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·08<break></break>(–42·68 to –29·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·12<break></break>(–46·79 to –35·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1570·53<break></break>(716·65 to 2364·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1160·16<break></break>(515·93 to 1858·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·13<break></break>(–34·62 to –15·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·49<break></break>(–44·89 to –28·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82 040·06<break></break>(38 265·29 to 110 406·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52 440·65<break></break>(23 552·84 to 73 900·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·08<break></break>(–42·68 to –29·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·12<break></break>(–46·79 to –35·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe sanitation: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1323·65<break></break>(1010·23 to 1827·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 898·24<break></break>(662·82 to 1307·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·14<break></break>(–39·14 to –23·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –42·64<break></break>(–48·36 to –35·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 68 961·68<break></break>(56 942·58 to 84 299·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40 746·60<break></break>(32 803·83 to 52 138·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·91<break></break>(–46·85 to –34·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·60<break></break>(–50·61 to –40·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1323·65<break></break>(1010·23 to 1827·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 898·24<break></break>(662·82 to 1307·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·14<break></break>(–39·14 to –23·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –42·64<break></break>(–48·36 to –35·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 68 961·68<break></break>(56 942·58 to 84 299·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40 746·60<break></break>(32 803·83 to 52 138·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·91<break></break>(–46·85 to –34·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·60<break></break>(–50·61 to –40·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">No access to handwashing facility: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1015·06<break></break>(577·66 to 1507·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 750·34<break></break>(432·56 to 1131·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·08<break></break>(–32·18 to –18·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·78<break></break>(–41·76 to –30·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55 096·20<break></break>(32 668·57 to 75 567·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35 254·90<break></break>(20 869·21 to 49 149·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·01<break></break>(–41·20 to –30·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·63<break></break>(–45·29 to –35·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 792·95<break></break>(360·19 to 1257·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 570·85<break></break>(258·99 to 952·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·01<break></break>(–35·54 to –18·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·97<break></break>(–45·15 to –31·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41 827·94<break></break>(20 281·34 to 62 434·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26 425·31<break></break>(12 807·57 to 39 599·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·82<break></break>(–43·37 to –30·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·76<break></break>(–47·28 to –35·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 222·11<break></break>(145·63 to 295·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 179·49<break></break>(115·61 to 242·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·19<break></break>(–24·55 to –13·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·58<break></break>(–33·02 to –24·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 268·26<break></break>(8655·13 to 17 504·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8829·59<break></break>(5765·49 to 11 701·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –33·45<break></break>(–38·72 to –27·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·00<break></break>(–41·97 to –31·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Air pollution: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>6219·85</bold><break></break><bold>(5700·42 to 6672·51)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>6116·40</bold><break></break><bold>(5631·62 to 6602·60)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–1·66</bold><break></break><bold>(–4·14 to 0·71)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–23·23</bold><break></break><bold>(–25·07 to –21·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>186 446·12</bold><break></break><bold>(170 917·71 to 200 934·77)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>162 795·90</bold><break></break><bold>(150 578·26 to 175 615·70)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–12·68</bold><break></break><bold>(–15·73 to –9·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–26·91</bold><break></break><bold>(–29·13 to –24·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient particulate matter pollution: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3687·20<break></break>(3239·45 to 4139·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4092·69<break></break>(3624·44 to 4575·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·00<break></break>(8·47 to 13·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·89<break></break>(–15·70 to –12·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 105 732·08<break></break>(93 627·48 to 118 532·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 105 674·02<break></break>(94 523·78 to 117 808·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·05<break></break>(–3·82 to 3·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·06<break></break>(–19·47 to –14·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 689·26<break></break>(521·80 to 875·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 653·41<break></break>(493·27 to 826·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·20<break></break>(–10·38 to 0·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·07<break></break>(–22·22 to –13·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37 842·21<break></break>(29 069·73 to 47 285·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28 517·03<break></break>(22 127·01 to 35 104·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·64<break></break>(–29·89 to –18·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·02<break></break>(–33·86 to –23·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 223·57<break></break>(138·58 to 320·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 279·72<break></break>(176·22 to 394·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·11<break></break>(20·65 to 29·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·86<break></break>(–7·22 to –0·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5144·29<break></break>(3212·18 to 7331·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6200·23<break></break>(3930·38 to 8667·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·53<break></break>(15·80 to 25·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·26<break></break>(–9·86 to –2·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1291·11<break></break>(1080·95 to 1483·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1576·10<break></break>(1329·73 to 1802·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·07<break></break>(18·51 to 25·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·08<break></break>(–9·39 to –4·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29 520·10<break></break>(25 239·88 to 33 875·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34 934·16<break></break>(29 929·72 to 40 054·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·34<break></break>(14·80 to 21·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·14<break></break>(–9·65 to –4·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 309·39<break></break>(245·84 to 383·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 348·33<break></break>(280·51 to 427·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·59<break></break>(8·45 to 17·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·31<break></break>(–17·89 to –12·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6437·02<break></break>(5283·80 to 7652·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7386·59<break></break>(6061·34 to 8749·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·75<break></break>(10·75 to 19·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·99<break></break>(–14·73 to –9·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 435·48<break></break>(366·35 to 511·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 448·19<break></break>(377·96 to 523·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·92<break></break>(0·02 to 6·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·85<break></break>(–22·67 to –18·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 173·69<break></break>(9404·22 to 13 008·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 480·35<break></break>(9697·30 to 13 306·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·74<break></break>(–0·09 to 5·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·12<break></break>(–21·06 to –16·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 738·38<break></break>(436·10 to 1068·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 786·94<break></break>(470·94 to 1144·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·58<break></break>(2·97 to 11·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·29<break></break>(–22·92 to –16·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 614·77<break></break>(9275·94 to 22 808·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17 155·66<break></break>(10 435·61 to 24 906·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·87<break></break>(6·63 to 14·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·81<break></break>(–18·23 to –12·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Household air pollution from solid fuels: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3260·73<break></break>(2828·54 to 3717·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2576·36<break></break>(2215·95 to 2968·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·99<break></break>(–23·97 to –18·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·55<break></break>(–39·90 to –35·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 108 733·32<break></break>(93 447·82 to 123 249·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 77 161·35<break></break>(66 086·37 to 88 048·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·04<break></break>(–32·28 to –25·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –39·54<break></break>(–42·12 to –36·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 883·96<break></break>(676·61 to 1,091·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 626·13<break></break>(474·40 to 784·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·17<break></break>(–34·70 to –24·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·62<break></break>(–42·19 to –33·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52 410·01<break></break>(39 779·96 to 64 065·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30 860·63<break></break>(23 269·88 to 38 522·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·12<break></break>(–46·18 to –36·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·24<break></break>(–48·85 to –39·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 189·07<break></break>(129·80 to 251·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 158·38<break></break>(104·77 to 215·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·23<break></break>(–21·84 to –10·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·50<break></break>(–39·78 to –31·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4518·13<break></break>(3103·06 to 5979·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3664·00<break></break>(2429·30 to 4955·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·90<break></break>(–24·24 to –13·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·75<break></break>(–40·93 to –32·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 813·36<break></break>(710·55 to 942·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 738·11<break></break>(636·96 to 862·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·25<break></break>(–12·66 to –5·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·16<break></break>(–32·76 to –27·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20 235·31<break></break>(17 542·11 to 23 458·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17 906·39<break></break>(15 397·09 to 20 977·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·51<break></break>(–15·14 to –8·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·11<break></break>(–32·73 to –27·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 229·91<break></break>(190·08 to 274·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 186·00<break></break>(152·23 to 223·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·10<break></break>(–22·59 to –15·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·70<break></break>(–41·31 to –36·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5044·48<break></break>(4209·50 to 5962·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4157·95<break></break>(3400·32 to 4956·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·57<break></break>(–21·21 to –14·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·61<break></break>(–39·32 to –33·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 392·09<break></break>(333·05 to 457·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 289·08<break></break>(242·86 to 341·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·27<break></break>(–29·22 to –23·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·24<break></break>(–45·50 to –40·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 360·06<break></break>(8799·85 to 12 047·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7733·95<break></break>(6482·40 to 9074·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·35<break></break>(–28·20 to –22·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·23<break></break>(–43·47 to –38·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 752·34<break></break>(505·06 to 1102·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 578·68<break></break>(372·08 to 886·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·08<break></break>(–28·16 to –17·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –42·31<break></break>(–46·13 to –38·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 181·60<break></break>(10 127·03 to 22 826·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 804·50<break></break>(7559·95 to 18 339·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·24<break></break>(–27·19 to –16·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·36<break></break>(–44·18 to –36·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 983·74<break></break>(689·54 to 1354·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1033·93<break></break>(713·92 to 1415·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·10<break></break>(2·29 to 7·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·66<break></break>(–21·81 to –17·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ambient ozone pollution: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 187·61<break></break>(71·39 to 318·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 233·64<break></break>(90·11 to 385·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·53<break></break>(20·20 to 30·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·98<break></break>(–10·15 to –2·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3159·44<break></break>(1197·45 to 5338·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3796·83<break></break>(1463·89 to 6257·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·17<break></break>(15·72 to 26·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·97<break></break>(–11·32 to –2·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 187·61<break></break>(71·39 to 318·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 233·64<break></break>(90·11 to 385·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·53<break></break>(20·20 to 30·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·98<break></break>(–10·15 to –2·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3159·44<break></break>(1197·45 to 5338·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3796·83<break></break>(1463·89 to 6257·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·17<break></break>(15·72 to 26·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·97<break></break>(–11·32 to –2·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Other environmental risks: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>518·27</bold><break></break><bold>(290·36 to 800·27)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>597·74</bold><break></break><bold>(328·83 to 923·47)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>15·33</bold><break></break><bold>(11·40 to 19·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–12·38</bold><break></break><bold>(–14·88 to –9·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>14 319·52</bold><break></break><bold>(8496·18 to 21 426·17)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>15 128·92</bold><break></break><bold>(8891·77 to 22 939·09)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>5·65</bold><break></break><bold>(2·11 to 8·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–15·31</bold><break></break><bold>(–17·72 to –13·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Residential radon: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·87<break></break>(33·90 to 66·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57·69<break></break>(38·12 to 77·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·68<break></break>(9·62 to 21·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·27<break></break>(–15·06 to –7·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1126·44<break></break>(773·82 to 1494·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1255·37<break></break>(847·29 to 1677·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·45<break></break>(5·90 to 16·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·56<break></break>(–17·10 to –10·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·87<break></break>(33·90 to 66·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57·69<break></break>(38·12 to 77·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·68<break></break>(9·62 to 21·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·27<break></break>(–15·06 to –7·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1126·44<break></break>(773·82 to 1494·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1255·37<break></break>(847·29 to 1677·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·45<break></break>(5·90 to 16·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·56<break></break>(–17·10 to –10·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Lead exposure: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 468·39<break></break>(239·69 to 749·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 540·04<break></break>(269·07 to 868·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·30<break></break>(10·68 to 19·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·50<break></break>(–15·42 to –9·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 193·09<break></break>(7393·18 to 20 140·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 873·55<break></break>(7578·92 to 21 565·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·16<break></break>(1·14 to 8·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·47<break></break>(–18·17 to –13·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Rheumatic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·54<break></break>(0·91 to 8·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·05<break></break>(0·68 to 7·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·92<break></break>(–31·65 to 3·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·70<break></break>(–45·03 to –20·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 108·53<break></break>(26·02 to 246·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·79<break></break>(17·81 to 203·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·64<break></break>(–43·10 to –10·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·40<break></break>(–52·34 to –28·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 227·95<break></break>(111·53 to 383·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 276·33<break></break>(133·04 to 465·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·23<break></break>(15·40 to 26·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·33<break></break>(–11·26 to –5·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4760·44<break></break>(2328·25 to 7983·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5298·38<break></break>(2534·71 to 8932·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·30<break></break>(6·67 to 14·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·26<break></break>(–16·77 to –10·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·00<break></break>(28·38 to 104·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·73<break></break>(30·98 to 116·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·21<break></break>(5·97 to 16·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·93<break></break>(–19·04 to –13·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1285·87<break></break>(621·62 to 2199·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1412·53<break></break>(664·14 to 2446·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·85<break></break>(4·23 to 13·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·71<break></break>(–19·81 to –12·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 98·90<break></break>(44·03 to 168·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 95·67<break></break>(41·01 to 165·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·26<break></break>(–9·56 to 0·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·84<break></break>(–30·31 to –23·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2371·40<break></break>(1022·88 to 4002·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2183·12<break></break>(881·23 to 3800·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·94<break></break>(–14·84 to –3·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·02<break></break>(–33·48 to –24·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·68<break></break>(11·57 to 104·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·00<break></break>(12·63 to 140·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·21<break></break>(5·57 to 44·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·14<break></break>(–19·03 to 6·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 868·54<break></break>(309·66 to 1899·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 992·22<break></break>(318·80 to 2259·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·24<break></break>(–2·90 to 27·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·18<break></break>(–24·36 to –1·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other cardiomyopathy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·48<break></break>(0·41 to 3·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·54<break></break>(0·38 to 3·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·73<break></break>(–14·57 to 16·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·52<break></break>(–32·44 to –11·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·62<break></break>(9·50 to 79·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·18<break></break>(7·77 to 79·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·84<break></break>(–23·21 to 4·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·95<break></break>(–38·79 to –17·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·76<break></break>(0·65 to 3·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·45<break></break>(0·88 to 4·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·22<break></break>(29·86 to 46·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·69<break></break>(–2·60 to 4·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 69·13<break></break>(28·74 to 129·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·64<break></break>(32·94 to 159·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·99<break></break>(12·73 to 25·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·93<break></break>(–12·49 to –4·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Aortic aneurysm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·52<break></break>(0·54 to 2·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·63<break></break>(0·55 to 3·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·18<break></break>(–2·91 to 14·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·85<break></break>(–24·53 to –13·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·04<break></break>(11·44 to 61·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·04<break></break>(10·70 to 62·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·01<break></break>(–9·81 to 6·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·90<break></break>(–29·35 to –16·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·16<break></break>(0·03 to 0·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·20<break></break>(0·03 to 0·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·84<break></break>(–2·64 to 35·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·54<break></break>(–24·29 to –3·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·60<break></break>(1·52 to 12·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·34<break></break>(1·62 to 15·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·07<break></break>(2·26 to 20·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·53<break></break>(–21·26 to –9·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Endocarditis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·83<break></break>(0·29 to 1·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·97<break></break>(0·32 to 2·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·60<break></break>(4·99 to 26·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·45<break></break>(–17·23 to –4·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·69<break></break>(6·81 to 43·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·53<break></break>(6·70 to 47·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·04<break></break>(–6·57 to 13·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·42<break></break>(–25·07 to –10·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other cardiovascular and circulatory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·41<break></break>(1·95 to 10·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·94<break></break>(1·95 to 11·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·71<break></break>(–0·49 to 16·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·12<break></break>(–23·01 to –11·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 152·85<break></break>(52·63 to 310·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 153·78<break></break>(48·05 to 324·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·60<break></break>(–9·13 to 6·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·84<break></break>(–28·73 to –16·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Idiopathic developmental intellectual disability</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2916·48<break></break>(1228·14 to 5089·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2920·47<break></break>(1234·48 to 5155·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·14<break></break>(–3·18 to 2·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·99<break></break>(–12·03 to –6·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·10<break></break>(4·15 to 18·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·65<break></break>(5·09 to 23·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·28<break></break>(19·04 to 29·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·60<break></break>(–8·89 to –1·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 260·59<break></break>(102·04 to 495·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 302·16<break></break>(113·45 to 584·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·96<break></break>(9·37 to 20·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·04<break></break>(–15·36 to –6·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·22<break></break>(2·72 to 11·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·27<break></break>(3·62 to 15·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·02<break></break>(27·46 to 37·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·02<break></break>(–5·80 to 0·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 128·17<break></break>(54·29 to 242·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 155·62<break></break>(64·33 to 297·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·42<break></break>(15·72 to 25·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·97<break></break>(–11·22 to –4·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·42<break></break>(0·93 to 4·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·92<break></break>(1·08 to 5·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·90<break></break>(15·70 to 26·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·48<break></break>(–11·06 to –4·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·59<break></break>(21·46 to 133·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 70·02<break></break>(22·73 to 143·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·76<break></break>(0·61 to 11·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·00<break></break>(–20·26 to –11·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·42<break></break>(1·88 to 8·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·69<break></break>(2·39 to 10·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·68<break></break>(22·76 to 34·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·47<break></break>(–6·62 to 1·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 111·53<break></break>(43·93 to 213·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 126·74<break></break>(48·88 to 248·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·63<break></break>(7·40 to 18·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·64<break></break>(–15·64 to –6·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Occupational risks: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>1409·60</bold><break></break><bold>(1288·25 to 1539·63)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>1528·02</bold><break></break><bold>(1383·55 to 1680·97)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>8·40</bold><break></break><bold>(6·20 to 10·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–14·80</bold><break></break><bold>(–16·48 to –13·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>68 543·89</bold><break></break><bold>(60 461·38 to 77 147·09)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>75 925·43</bold><break></break><bold>(66 060·97 to 86 257·10)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>10·77</bold><break></break><bold>(8·84 to 12·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–8·98</bold><break></break><bold>(–10·61 to –7·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational carcinogens: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 628·39<break></break>(529·77 to 733·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 746·54<break></break>(624·13 to 874·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·80<break></break>(16·21 to 21·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·62<break></break>(–10·42 to –6·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17 462·68<break></break>(14 595·36 to 20 617·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20 682·73<break></break>(17 015·37 to 24 682·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·44<break></break>(15·67 to 21·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·56<break></break>(–9·50 to –5·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to asbestos: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 187·83<break></break>(142·94 to 233·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 222·32<break></break>(168·96 to 277·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·36<break></break>(15·32 to 21·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·30<break></break>(–12·67 to –7·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3197·37<break></break>(2410·48 to 4019·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3640·71<break></break>(2743·34 to 4594·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·87<break></break>(11·05 to 16·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·65<break></break>(–14·84 to –10·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·25<break></break>(1·80 to 4·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·74<break></break>(2·02 to 5·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·08<break></break>(11·70 to 18·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·01<break></break>(–15·58 to –10·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59·03<break></break>(32·22 to 89·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·51<break></break>(35·04 to 99·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·97<break></break>(7·31 to 14·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·26<break></break>(–18·03 to –12·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 155·24<break></break>(111·10 to 201·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 181·45<break></break>(128·29 to 236·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·88<break></break>(13·29 to 20·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·40<break></break>(–14·19 to –8·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2539·55<break></break>(1770·09 to 3359·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2844·28<break></break>(1957·87 to 3803·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·00<break></break>(8·53 to 15·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·15<break></break>(–16·73 to –11·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ovarian cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·16<break></break>(2·58 to 7·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·02<break></break>(2·98 to 9·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·73<break></break>(9·65 to 23·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·33<break></break>(–18·64 to –8·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·25<break></break>(40·54 to 128·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 93·12<break></break>(45·80 to 149·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·21<break></break>(5·49 to 20·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·97<break></break>(–19·78 to –8·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mesothelioma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·29<break></break>(20·16 to 22·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·61<break></break>(25·56 to 29·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·68<break></break>(23·73 to 34·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·06<break></break>(–5·59 to 2·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 443·53<break></break>(413·23 to 481·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 553·97<break></break>(507·29 to 597·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·90<break></break>(19·28 to 29·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·39<break></break>(–7·70 to 0·41)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Asbestosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·89<break></break>(1·92 to 3·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·49<break></break>(2·43 to 4·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·00<break></break>(13·33 to 30·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·91<break></break>(–13·67 to –0·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·00<break></break>(57·24 to 86·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·83<break></break>(67·86 to 97·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·83<break></break>(9·18 to 21·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·23<break></break>(–13·68 to –3·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to arsenic: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·55<break></break>(1·52 to 11·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·07<break></break>(2·05 to 14·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·27<break></break>(18·26 to 35·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·27<break></break>(–9·14 to 4·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 182·17<break></break>(43·97 to 330·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 219·22<break></break>(57·76 to 395·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·34<break></break>(15·23 to 31·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·95<break></break>(–10·91 to 2·16)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·55<break></break>(1·52 to 11·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·07<break></break>(2·05 to 14·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·27<break></break>(18·26 to 35·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·27<break></break>(–9·14 to 4·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 182·17<break></break>(43·97 to 330·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 219·22<break></break>(57·76 to 395·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·34<break></break>(15·23 to 31·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·95<break></break>(–10·91 to 2·16)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to benzene: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·63<break></break>(0·52 to 2·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·90<break></break>(0·60 to 3·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·21<break></break>(11·28 to 21·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·47<break></break>(–6·03 to 3·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·24<break></break>(23·12 to 121·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·87<break></break>(25·51 to 138·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·97<break></break>(8·01 to 18·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·29<break></break>(–6·92 to 2·56)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·63<break></break>(0·52 to 2·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·90<break></break>(0·60 to 3·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·21<break></break>(11·28 to 21·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·47<break></break>(–6·03 to 3·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·24<break></break>(23·12 to 121·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·87<break></break>(25·51 to 138·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·97<break></break>(8·01 to 18·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·29<break></break>(–6·92 to 2·56)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·28<break></break>(0·09 to 0·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·37<break></break>(0·11 to 0·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·70<break></break>(19·53 to 41·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·39<break></break>(3·02 to 21·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·95<break></break>(4·29 to 22·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·08<break></break>(5·39 to 29·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·59<break></break>(16·43 to 37·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·73<break></break>(2·19 to 21·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·03 to 0·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·04 to 0·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·21<break></break>(16·84 to 35·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(–6·33 to 10·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·30<break></break>(1·12 to 5·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·07<break></break>(1·35 to 6·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·32<break></break>(15·50 to 33·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·98<break></break>(–5·31 to 11·94)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·41<break></break>(0·14 to 0·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·54<break></break>(0·18 to 0·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·16<break></break>(24·33 to 41·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·07<break></break>(3·73 to 20·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·90<break></break>(6·04 to 29·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·24<break></break>(7·47 to 38·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·83<break></break>(21·43 to 39·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·51<break></break>(3·58 to 20·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·15<break></break>(0·05 to 0·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·15<break></break>(0·05 to 0·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·79<break></break>(–3·59 to 14·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·79<break></break>(–18·96 to –3·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·60<break></break>(2·12 to 10·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·86<break></break>(2·14 to 11·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·04<break></break>(–4·07 to 13·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·84<break></break>(–18·16 to –2·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·70<break></break>(0·21 to 1·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·71<break></break>(0·21 to 1·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·61<break></break>(–4·21 to 7·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·30<break></break>(–18·31 to –8·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·49<break></break>(9·76 to 53·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·62<break></break>(9·61 to 52·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·70<break></break>(–8·57 to 3·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·49<break></break>(–20·60 to –10·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to beryllium: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·20<break></break>(0·17 to 0·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(0·21 to 0·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·93<break></break>(22·38 to 34·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·80<break></break>(–4·98 to 2·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·76<break></break>(4·76 to 6·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·22<break></break>(5·89 to 8·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·48<break></break>(18·89 to 31·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·63<break></break>(–6·90 to 1·11)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·20<break></break>(0·17 to 0·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(0·21 to 0·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·93<break></break>(22·38 to 34·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·80<break></break>(–4·98 to 2·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·76<break></break>(4·76 to 6·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·22<break></break>(5·89 to 8·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·48<break></break>(18·89 to 31·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·63<break></break>(–6·90 to 1·11)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to cadmium: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·46<break></break>(0·39 to 0·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·61<break></break>(0·50 to 0·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·38<break></break>(24·62 to 37·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·00<break></break>(–3·45 to 5·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·15<break></break>(11·14 to 15·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·83<break></break>(14·14 to 19·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·00<break></break>(21·21 to 34·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·75<break></break>(–5·34 to 3·51)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·46<break></break>(0·39 to 0·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·61<break></break>(0·50 to 0·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·38<break></break>(24·62 to 37·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·00<break></break>(–3·45 to 5·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·15<break></break>(11·14 to 15·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·83<break></break>(14·14 to 19·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·00<break></break>(21·21 to 34·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·75<break></break>(–5·34 to 3·51)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to chromium: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(0·86 to 1·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·28<break></break>(1·13 to 1·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·02<break></break>(27·40 to 38·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·28<break></break>(–1·68 to 6·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·33<break></break>(24·34 to 30·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·45<break></break>(31·40 to 40·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·71<break></break>(24·03 to 35·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·57<break></break>(–3·49 to 4·55)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(0·86 to 1·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·28<break></break>(1·13 to 1·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·02<break></break>(27·40 to 38·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·28<break></break>(–1·68 to 6·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·33<break></break>(24·34 to 30·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·45<break></break>(31·40 to 40·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·71<break></break>(24·03 to 35·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·57<break></break>(–3·49 to 4·55)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·41<break></break>(11·85 to 15·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·50<break></break>(15·20 to 20·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·45<break></break>(24·63 to 35·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(–3·89 to 3·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 381·69<break></break>(337·43 to 428·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 485·69<break></break>(426·18 to 553·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·25<break></break>(21·26 to 32·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·40<break></break>(–5·65 to 2·19)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·41<break></break>(11·85 to 15·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·50<break></break>(15·20 to 20·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·45<break></break>(24·63 to 35·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(–3·89 to 3·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 381·69<break></break>(337·43 to 428·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 485·69<break></break>(426·18 to 553·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·25<break></break>(21·26 to 32·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·40<break></break>(–5·65 to 2·19)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to second-hand smoke: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 364·05<break></break>(275·49 to 465·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 433·15<break></break>(326·16 to 554·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·98<break></break>(15·73 to 22·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·67<break></break>(–9·82 to –5·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12 060·36<break></break>(9008·45 to 15 202·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 474·34<break></break>(10 754·05 to 18 289·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·02<break></break>(16·70 to 23·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·73<break></break>(–7·98 to –3·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·22<break></break>(11·95 to 41·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·03<break></break>(14·71 to 51·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·07<break></break>(18·77 to 27·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·05<break></break>(–6·52 to 0·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 754·30<break></break>(355·32 to 1235·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 901·83<break></break>(424·90 to 1491·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·56<break></break>(15·20 to 24·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·55<break></break>(–7·93 to –1·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Otitis media</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·00<break></break>(0·00 to 0·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·00<break></break>(0·00 to 0·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –51·34<break></break>(–68·17 to –26·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –53·19<break></break>(–69·51 to –29·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·00<break></break>(0·00 to 0·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·00<break></break>(0·00 to 0·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·26<break></break>(–3·00 to 2·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·95<break></break>(–7·62 to –2·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·79<break></break>(17·19 to 62·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·38<break></break>(20·66 to 75·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·63<break></break>(16·93 to 23·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·23<break></break>(–10·03 to –4·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1009·34<break></break>(472·19 to 1717·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1185·42<break></break>(551·75 to 2013·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·45<break></break>(13·68 to 20·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·21<break></break>(–12·08 to –6·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·93<break></break>(0·93 to 6·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·86<break></break>(1·19 to 8·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·68<break></break>(16·23 to 31·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·23<break></break>(–9·07 to 2·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 131·38<break></break>(30·86 to 228·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 160·49<break></break>(39·88 to 276·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·16<break></break>(14·48 to 30·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·10<break></break>(–9·13 to 3·41)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 145·11<break></break>(108·16 to 184·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 177·23<break></break>(131·12 to 226·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·13<break></break>(16·84 to 27·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·86<break></break>(–7·90 to –1·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4427·58<break></break>(3270·63 to 5659·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5337·92<break></break>(3904·37 to 6856·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·56<break></break>(15·58 to 25·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·76<break></break>(–7·77 to –1·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·76<break></break>(17·40 to 32·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·32<break></break>(19·67 to 38·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·40<break></break>(7·34 to 21·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·26<break></break>(–16·32 to –8·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 749·82<break></break>(529·06 to 995·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 892·52<break></break>(616·96 to 1211·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·03<break></break>(12·07 to 26·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·13<break></break>(–12·07 to –4·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·38<break></break>(37·29 to 69·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·78<break></break>(39·66 to 75·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·39<break></break>(3·67 to 13·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·19<break></break>(–17·69 to –12·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1679·51<break></break>(1187·37 to 2237·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1799·87<break></break>(1247·86 to 2400·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·17<break></break>(2·54 to 11·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·80<break></break>(–17·22 to –12·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·15<break></break>(22·29 to 85·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·90<break></break>(23·79 to 91·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·78<break></break>(4·30 to 11·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·01<break></break>(–19·72 to –14·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1570·14<break></break>(727·09 to 2820·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1819·99<break></break>(831·20 to 3260·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·91<break></break>(12·59 to 19·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·63<break></break>(–13·17 to –8·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·71<break></break>(10·20 to 43·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·64<break></break>(14·31 to 60·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·45<break></break>(37·04 to 42·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·38<break></break>(5·52 to 9·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1738·30<break></break>(616·68 to 2847·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2376·30<break></break>(847·55 to 3851·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·70<break></break>(34·59 to 39·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·55<break></break>(5·95 to 9·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to formaldehyde: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·95<break></break>(0·78 to 1·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·09<break></break>(0·90 to 1·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·89<break></break>(5·40 to 22·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·03<break></break>(–10·29 to 2·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·70<break></break>(35·09 to 51·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·93<break></break>(38·81 to 56·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·90<break></break>(1·78 to 18·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·67<break></break>(–12·09 to 0·77)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·42<break></break>(0·29 to 0·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·48<break></break>(0·33 to 0·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·08<break></break>(–1·13 to 29·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·37<break></break>(–16·69 to 4·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·57<break></break>(11·88 to 24·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·02<break></break>(12·99 to 27·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·25<break></break>(–5·73 to 24·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·78<break></break>(–19·03 to 3·13)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·08 to 0·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·13<break></break>(0·11 to 0·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·88<break></break>(18·69 to 42·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·60<break></break>(3·46 to 22·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·72<break></break>(3·86 to 5·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·21<break></break>(5·02 to 7·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·43<break></break>(16·61 to 38·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·52<break></break>(2·59 to 21·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·02 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·03<break></break>(0·03 to 0·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·39<break></break>(20·80 to 38·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·25<break></break>(0·20 to 13·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·95<break></break>(0·79 to 1·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·22<break></break>(1·02 to 1·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·96<break></break>(16·27 to 37·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·86<break></break>(–0·97 to 15·12)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·09 to 0·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·15<break></break>(0·12 to 0·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·38<break></break>(28·55 to 41·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·11<break></break>(9·74 to 19·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·06<break></break>(4·14 to 6·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
6·70<break></break>(5·54 to 8·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·57<break></break>(25·83 to 39·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·91<break></break>(9·32 to 20·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·04 to 0·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·05<break></break>(0·04 to 0·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·23<break></break>(0·31 to 13·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·89<break></break>(–14·91 to –4·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·05<break></break>(1·66 to 2·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·15<break></break>(1·73 to 2·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·77<break></break>(–1·61 to 12·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·72<break></break>(–15·13 to –3·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(0·21 to 0·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(0·21 to 0·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·61<break></break>(–9·46 to 6·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·64<break></break>(–21·92 to –9·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·35<break></break>(9·66 to 14·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·64<break></break>(9·27 to 14·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·80<break></break>(–13·73 to 2·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·95<break></break>(–24·52 to –11·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to nickel: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·68<break></break>(0·95 to 17·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·10<break></break>(1·24 to 20·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·35<break></break>(15·63 to 32·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·73<break></break>(–11·14 to 2·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 187·01<break></break>(27·49 to 483·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 221·35<break></break>(34·93 to 563·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·37<break></break>(12·66 to 29·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·40<break></break>(–12·92 to 0·27)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·68<break></break>(0·95 to 17·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·10<break></break>(1·24 to 20·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·35<break></break>(15·63 to 32·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·73<break></break>(–11·14 to 2·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 187·01<break></break>(27·49 to 483·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 221·35<break></break>(34·93 to 563·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·37<break></break>(12·66 to 29·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·40<break></break>(–12·92 to 0·27)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·41<break></break>(2·89 to 3·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·53<break></break>(3·83 to 5·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·92<break></break>(26·40 to 39·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·21<break></break>(–2·06 to 6·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 97·03<break></break>(82·37 to 111·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 125·78<break></break>(105·37 to 145·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·63<break></break>(22·78 to 35·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·51<break></break>(–4·05 to 4·55)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·41<break></break>(2·89 to 3·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·53<break></break>(3·83 to 5·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·92<break></break>(26·40 to 39·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·21<break></break>(–2·06 to 6·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 97·03<break></break>(82·37 to 111·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 125·78<break></break>(105·37 to 145·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·63<break></break>(22·78 to 35·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·51<break></break>(–4·05 to 4·55)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to silica: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50·95<break></break>(28·57 to 73·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 58·40<break></break>(31·42 to 86·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·63<break></break>(8·41 to 19·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·09<break></break>(–16·90 to –8·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1396·95<break></break>(774·36 to 2030·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1574·57<break></break>(860·21 to 2314·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·71<break></break>(6·89 to 17·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·64<break></break>(–17·10 to –8·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·38<break></break>(17·91 to 63·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·00<break></break>(21·24 to 75·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·88<break></break>(13·37 to 24·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·64<break></break>(–12·83 to –4·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1123·77<break></break>(503·32 to 1756·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1303·95<break></break>(576·29 to 2042·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·03<break></break>(10·58 to 21·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·26<break></break>(–14·61 to –5·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Silicosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·57<break></break>(9·77 to 12·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·40<break></break>(9·57 to 11·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·60<break></break>(–14·72 to 5·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·35<break></break>(–34·05 to –18·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 273·19<break></break>(247·13 to 310·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 270·62<break></break>(243·58 to 301·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·94<break></break>(–14·17 to 5·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·15<break></break>(–32·16 to –17·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to sulfuric acid: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·96<break></break>(1·27 to 5·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·54<break></break>(1·52 to 6·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·47<break></break>(13·15 to 26·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·14<break></break>(–12·96 to –2·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 89·85<break></break>(38·68 to 161·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 105·23<break></break>(45·84 to 192·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·12<break></break>(10·83 to 23·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·04<break></break>(–13·97 to –3·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·96<break></break>(1·27 to 5·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·54<break></break>(1·52 to 6·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·47<break></break>(13·15 to 26·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·14<break></break>(–12·96 to –2·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 89·85<break></break>(38·68 to 161·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 105·23<break></break>(45·84 to 192·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·12<break></break>(10·83 to 23·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·04<break></break>(–13·97 to –3·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·01 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·06<break></break>(0·01 to 0·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·91<break></break>(43·08 to 53·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·75<break></break>(10·28 to 18·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·17<break></break>(0·26 to 2·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·72<break></break>(0·38 to 3·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·21<break></break>(41·37 to 51·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·65<break></break>(10·09 to 17·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Kidney cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·01 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·06<break></break>(0·01 to 0·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·91<break></break>(43·08 to 53·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·75<break></break>(10·28 to 18·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·17<break></break>(0·26 to 2·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·72<break></break>(0·38 to 3·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·21<break></break>(41·37 to 51·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·65<break></break>(10·09 to 17·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational asthmagens: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·83<break></break>(26·75 to 47·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·57<break></break>(28·36 to 47·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·02<break></break>(–6·22 to 10·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·40<break></break>(–25·79 to –12·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2122·64<break></break>(1699·18 to 2619·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2339·48<break></break>(1860·90 to 2923·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·22<break></break>(4·21 to 15·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·91<break></break>(–14·66 to –3·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·83<break></break>(26·75 to 47·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·57<break></break>(28·36 to 47·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·02<break></break>(–6·22 to 10·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·40<break></break>(–25·79 to –12·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2122·64<break></break>(1699·18 to 2619·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2339·48<break></break>(1860·90 to 2923·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·22<break></break>(4·21 to 15·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·91<break></break>(–14·66 to –3·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational particulate matter, gases, and fumes: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 407·53<break></break>(338·66 to 479·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 424·27<break></break>(349·98 to 507·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·11<break></break>(–0·16 to 8·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·37<break></break>(–23·97 to –18·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8771·11<break></break>(7497·47 to 10 068·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9377·10<break></break>(7972·61 to 10 789·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·91<break></break>(3·78 to 10·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·84<break></break>(–19·96 to –15·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 399·93<break></break>(331·13 to 472·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 416·68<break></break>(342·87 to 499·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·19<break></break>(–0·04 to 8·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·32<break></break>(–23·94 to –18·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8557·06<break></break>(7276·89 to 9859·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9154·55<break></break>(7771·09 to 10 539·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·98<break></break>(3·85 to 10·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·82<break></break>(–19·97 to –15·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Coal workers pneumoconiosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·03<break></break>(1·91 to 3·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·68<break></break>(1·79 to 3·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·29<break></break>(–19·54 to 0·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·63<break></break>(–38·84 to –23·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·45<break></break>(65·52 to 104·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 89·05<break></break>(70·16 to 108·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·83<break></break>(–6·81 to 12·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·65<break></break>(–28·21 to –13·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other pneumoconiosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·57<break></break>(3·71 to 6·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·91<break></break>(4·16 to 6·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·27<break></break>(–1·26 to 15·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·49<break></break>(–24·05 to –11·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 126·59<break></break>(104·34 to 161·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 133·51<break></break>(112·07 to 165·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·46<break></break>(–2·23 to 13·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·68<break></break>(–22·73 to –10·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational noise: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5865·39<break></break>(4107·31 to 8092·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7108·28<break></break>(4978·56 to 9802·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·19<break></break>(19·01 to 22·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·74<break></break>(–2·21 to 0·56)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Age-related and other hearing loss</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5865·39<break></break>(4107·31 to 8092·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7108·28<break></break>(4978·56 to 9802·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·19<break></break>(19·01 to 22·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·74<break></break>(–2·21 to 0·56)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational injuries: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 352·96<break></break>(344·63 to 360·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 335·71<break></break>(328·64 to 343·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·89<break></break>(–7·71 to –1·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·78<break></break>(–20·22 to –15·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21 906·21<break></break>(20 353·14 to 23 776·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21 774·60<break></break>(19 810·66 to 24 090·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·60<break></break>(–4·19 to 2·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·95<break></break>(–15·95 to –9·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pedestrian road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·01<break></break>(62·03 to 73·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63·97<break></break>(59·35 to 69·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·53<break></break>(–10·63 to 0·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·09<break></break>(–23·28 to –14·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3434·81<break></break>(3182·07 to 3771·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3278·98<break></break>(3037·91 to 3549·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·54<break></break>(–10·46 to –0·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·52<break></break>(–21·66 to –12·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·32<break></break>(9·27 to 11·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·99<break></break>(8·96 to 11·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·16<break></break>(–8·97 to 5·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·77<break></break>(–22·81 to –10·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 673·49<break></break>(580·35 to 787·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 707·70<break></break>(596·26 to 850·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·08<break></break>(–0·72 to 11·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·29<break></break>(–14·16 to –3·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motorcyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·53<break></break>(40·17 to 49·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·56<break></break>(38·79 to 46·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·41<break></break>(–9·93 to 0·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·65<break></break>(–20·46 to –10·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2623·88<break></break>(2388·56 to 2894·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2549·86<break></break>(2330·54 to 2817·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·82<break></break>(–8·29 to 2·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·57<break></break>(–18·33 to –9·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motor vehicle road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·30<break></break>(65·78 to 85·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·17<break></break>(67·36 to 83·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·51<break></break>(–6·37 to 7·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·94<break></break>(–18·25 to –6·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4091·59<break></break>(3653·03 to 4667·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4058·76<break></break>(3712·02 to 4590·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·80<break></break>(–5·44 to 7·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·17<break></break>(–16·25 to –4·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·98<break></break>(1·74 to 2·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·88<break></break>(1·68 to 2·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·05<break></break>(–12·93 to 5·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·33<break></break>(–25·07 to –8·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 167·13<break></break>(137·60 to 207·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 198·25<break></break>(158·96 to 254·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·62<break></break>(9·95 to 27·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·77<break></break>(–4·57 to 10·39)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other transport injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·25<break></break>(12·59 to 15·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·71<break></break>(12·58 to 14·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·74<break></break>(–11·07 to 5·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·70<break></break>(–22·82 to –8·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 970·91<break></break>(855·69 to 1109·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 969·10<break></break>(847·30 to 1119·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·19<break></break>(–6·23 to 6·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·66<break></break>(–17·77 to –6·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Falls</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·58<break></break>(34·48 to 40·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·52<break></break>(36·06 to 41·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·42<break></break>(–3·75 to 8·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·40<break></break>(–19·49 to –9·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3253·95<break></break>(2718·82 to 3890·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3637·49<break></break>(3004·39 to 4424·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·79<break></break>(6·86 to 16·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·69<break></break>(–8·77 to –0·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drowning</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·91<break></break>(28·60 to 31·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·74<break></break>(25·32 to 28·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·60<break></break>(–14·16 to –6·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·41<break></break>(–24·53 to –18·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1558·83<break></break>(1491·01 to 1643·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1365·42<break></break>(1294·39 to 1433·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·41<break></break>(–15·98 to –8·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·39<break></break>(–24·55 to –17·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Fire, heat, and hot substances</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·40<break></break>(9·05 to 11·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·42<break></break>(8·02 to 10·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·40<break></break>(–14·52 to –4·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·76<break></break>(–27·12 to –18·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 749·03<break></break>(646·32 to 879·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 758·15<break></break>(626·89 to 922·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·22<break></break>(–4·90 to 6·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·99<break></break>(–17·27 to –7·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Poisonings</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·69<break></break>(5·21 to 7·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·85<break></break>(4·37 to 6·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·57<break></break>(–23·95 to 3·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·93<break></break>(–34·60 to –11·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 351·08<break></break>(280·67 to 395·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 313·70<break></break>(244·88 to 347·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·65<break></break>(–20·53 to 3·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·69<break></break>(–30·25 to –9·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Unintentional firearm injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·19<break></break>(3·23 to 4·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·83<break></break>(2·80 to 4·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·61<break></break>(–17·66 to 0·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·38<break></break>(–27·38 to –11·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 253·51<break></break>(198·88 to 282·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 240·12<break></break>(181·74 to 271·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·28<break></break>(–13·02 to 2·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·61<break></break>(–22·69 to –8·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Unintentional suffocation</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·77<break></break>(0·68 to 0·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·92<break></break>(0·67 to 1·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·08<break></break>(–7·56 to 34·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·58<break></break>(–18·86 to 18·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 69·06<break></break>(56·28 to 86·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 80·23<break></break>(63·30 to 101·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·18<break></break>(1·23 to 25·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·43<break></break>(–10·54 to 10·82)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other exposure to mechanical forces</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·58<break></break>(13·83 to 18·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·29<break></break>(11·75 to 16·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·04<break></break>(–17·93 to –8·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·91<break></break>(–29·14 to –21·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1292·58<break></break>(1072·42 to 1512·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1290·07<break></break>(1044·64 to 1570·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·19<break></break>(–5·99 to 5·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·26<break></break>(–18·20 to –8·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Venomous animal contact</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·92<break></break>(6·26 to 7·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·66<break></break>(5·21 to 6·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·20<break></break>(–25·20 to –6·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·45<break></break>(–36·32 to –20·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 446·07<break></break>(390·64 to 500·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 389·47<break></break>(338·03 to 449·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·69<break></break>(–19·31 to –3·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·84<break></break>(–29·63 to –15·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Non-venomous animal contact</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·47<break></break>(1·09 to 1·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·32<break></break>(0·99 to 1·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·58<break></break>(–17·89 to 0·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·14<break></break>(–30·13 to –14·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 122·37<break></break>(93·44 to 157·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 116·27<break></break>(88·44 to 149·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·98<break></break>(–11·38 to 1·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·63<break></break>(–22·98 to –11·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pulmonary aspiration and foreign body in airway</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·70<break></break>(5·08 to 6·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·15<break></break>(5·50 to 7·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·00<break></break>(0·69 to 17·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·88<break></break>(–15·06 to –1·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 368·39<break></break>(314·09 to 433·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 400·88<break></break>(341·30 to 484·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·82<break></break>(2·49 to 15·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·71<break></break>(–11·16 to 0·22)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Foreign body in other body part</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·03<break></break>(0·70 to 1·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·05<break></break>(0·76 to 1·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·96<break></break>(–7·01 to 15·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·39<break></break>(–19·07 to –0·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 123·60<break></break>(91·48 to 162·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 136·41<break></break>(101·25 to 180·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·37<break></break>(3·84 to 16·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·80<break></break>(–9·33 to 1·81)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other unintentional injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·35<break></break>(15·52 to 18·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·67<break></break>(12·87 to 15·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·45<break></break>(–19·85 to –11·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·15<break></break>(–30·00 to –22·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1355·94<break></break>(1171·12 to 1583·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1283·74<break></break>(1074·02 to 1552·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·32<break></break>(–10·48 to –0·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·08<break></break>(–21·56 to –12·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Occupational ergonomic factors: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 229·58<break></break>(9255·44 to 17 770·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 479·93<break></break>(10 733·37 to 20 772·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·01<break></break>(14·86 to 19·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·74<break></break>(–3·26 to –0·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Low back pain</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 229·58<break></break>(9255·44 to 17 770·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 479·93<break></break>(10 733·37 to 20 772·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·01<break></break>(14·86 to 19·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·74<break></break>(–3·26 to –0·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Behavioural risks: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 22 393·17</bold><break></break><bold>(21 227·31 to 23 619·19)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 21 830·19</bold><break></break><bold>(20 450·24 to 23 314·12)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –2·51</bold><break></break><bold>(–4·89 to –0·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –21·55</bold><break></break><bold>(–23·25 to –19·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 910 996·12</bold><break></break><bold>(869 496·72 to 953 010·97)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 781 103·69</bold><break></break><bold>(737 052·73 to 830 058·54)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –14·26</bold><break></break><bold>(–16·59 to –11·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –25·18</bold><break></break><bold>(–27·08 to –23·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Child and maternal malnutrition: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 4301·09</bold><break></break><bold>(4107·68 to 4499·13)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 2736·96</bold><break></break><bold>(2573·81 to 2904·34)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –36·37</bold><break></break><bold>(–39·81 to –32·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –36·99</bold><break></break><bold>(–40·42 to –33·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 406 715·03</bold><break></break><bold>(385 244·16 to 429 424·87)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 275 068·98</bold><break></break><bold>(255 117·96 to 296 600·82)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –32·37</bold><break></break><bold>(–36·04 to –28·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –33·64</bold><break></break><bold>(–37·18 to –30·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Suboptimal breastfeeding: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 278·09<break></break>(223·03 to 332·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 152·48<break></break>(124·06 to 183·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·17<break></break>(–50·75 to –38·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·59<break></break>(–51·13 to –39·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24 214·14<break></break>(19 400·12 to 28 949·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 373·25<break></break>(10 878·18 to 16 087·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·77<break></break>(–50·34 to –38·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·20<break></break>(–50·73 to –39·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Non-exclusive breastfeeding: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 264·19<break></break>(210·54 to 318·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 144·11<break></break>(116·21 to 173·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·45<break></break>(–51·08 to –39·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·79<break></break>(–51·39 to –39·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22 971·14<break></break>(18 284·60 to 27 651·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12 598·41<break></break>(10 160·91 to 15 194·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·16<break></break>(–50·76 to –39·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·49<break></break>(–51·07 to –39·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 169·62<break></break>(132·18 to 206·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·76<break></break>(68·74 to 111·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·67<break></break>(–54·86 to –39·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –48·02<break></break>(–55·16 to –39·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 810·81<break></break>(11 518·55 to 18 077·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7821·54<break></break>(6057·18 to 9801·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·19<break></break>(–54·37 to –38·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·54<break></break>(–54·67 to –39·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·57<break></break>(62·35 to 130·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55·35<break></break>(35·96 to 75·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·47<break></break>(–46·49 to –35·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·79<break></break>(–46·78 to –35·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8160·33<break></break>(5381·55 to 11 233·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4776·87<break></break>(3103·20 to 6528·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·46<break></break>(–46·48 to –35·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·78<break></break>(–46·77 to –35·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Discontinued breastfeeding: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·70<break></break>(5·98 to 29·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·04<break></break>(3·49 to 17·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –39·90<break></break>(–48·41 to –29·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·77<break></break>(–50·01 to –31·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1490·66<break></break>(534·34 to 2615·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 924·29<break></break>(322·52 to 1634·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·99<break></break>(–46·40 to –27·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –39·95<break></break>(–48·10 to –30·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·70<break></break>(5·98 to 29·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·04<break></break>(3·49 to 17·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –39·90<break></break>(–48·41 to –29·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·77<break></break>(–50·01 to –31·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1490·66<break></break>(534·34 to 2615·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 924·29<break></break>(322·52 to 1634·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·99<break></break>(–46·40 to –27·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –39·95<break></break>(–48·10 to –30·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child growth failure: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1874·90<break></break>(1718·60 to 2023·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1010·58<break></break>(908·98 to 1119·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·10<break></break>(–51·03 to –40·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·58<break></break>(–52·39 to –42·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 164 876·44<break></break>(151 738·69 to 177 603·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 91 199·77<break></break>(82 272·24 to 100 948·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·69<break></break>(–49·42 to –39·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·23<break></break>(–50·84 to –40·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child underweight: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 615·18<break></break>(515·40 to 776·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 312·61<break></break>(266·20 to 389·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –49·18<break></break>(–55·81 to –41·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –50·76<break></break>(–57·23 to –43·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55 627·11<break></break>(46 807·75 to 69 301·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30 009·75<break></break>(25 768·76 to 36 212·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·05<break></break>(–52·86 to –37·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·77<break></break>(–54·35 to –39·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 127·09<break></break>(100·36 to 161·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·67<break></break>(40·79 to 66·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –58·56<break></break>(–64·86 to –51·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –59·80<break></break>(–65·94 to –52·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 105·27<break></break>(8743·61 to 14 096·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4690·97<break></break>(3642·30 to 5935·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –57·76<break></break>(–64·06 to –50·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –59·03<break></break>(–65·13 to –52·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 163·67<break></break>(110·46 to 282·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·94<break></break>(50·68 to 134·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –54·21<break></break>(–59·84 to –48·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·36<break></break>(–60·85 to –49·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 008·04<break></break>(9452·95 to 24 153·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6422·64<break></break>(4342·77 to 11 542·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –54·15<break></break>(–59·76 to –48·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·29<break></break>(–60·77 to –49·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 90·51<break></break>(19·16 to 218·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·86<break></break>(3·38 to 49·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –79·17<break></break>(–85·30 to –74·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –80·02<break></break>(–85·90 to –75·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7705·27<break></break>(1633·01 to 18 583·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1607·04<break></break>(288·75 to 4213·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –79·14<break></break>(–85·23 to –74·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –79·99<break></break>(–85·84 to –75·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Protein-energy malnutrition</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 233·90<break></break>(206·48 to 265·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 166·14<break></break>(141·84 to 197·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·97<break></break>(–41·25 to –12·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·28<break></break>(–43·19 to –15·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22 808·52<break></break>(20 316·73 to 25 669·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17 289·10<break></break>(14 869·06 to 20 449·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·20<break></break>(–35·67 to –10·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·77<break></break>(–37·78 to –13·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child wasting: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1734·23<break></break>(1516·43 to 1927·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 952·40<break></break>(813·72 to 1,078·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·08<break></break>(–50·29 to –39·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·57<break></break>(–51·63 to –40·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 152 812·32<break></break>(134 145·84 to 169 500·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86 165·42<break></break>(74 409·95 to 97 423·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·61<break></break>(–48·72 to –37·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·17<break></break>(–50·15 to –39·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 681·26<break></break>(562·68 to 775·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 358·50<break></break>(291·19 to 415·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·38<break></break>(–54·62 to –38·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –48·84<break></break>(–55·87 to –40·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59 883·01<break></break>(49 482·08 to 68 365·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32 202·36<break></break>(26 200·00 to 37 322·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·22<break></break>(–53·39 to –38·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·73<break></break>(–54·71 to –39·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 710·19<break></break>(548·14 to 830·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 400·91<break></break>(298·47 to 479·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·55<break></break>(–49·82 to –37·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·86<break></break>(–51·02 to –38·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60 842·27<break></break>(46 968·94 to 71 152·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34 383·68<break></break>(25 595·42 to 41 070·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·49<break></break>(–49·75 to –37·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·79<break></break>(–50·93 to –38·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 108·87<break></break>(22·88 to 295·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·85<break></break>(4·48 to 77·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –75·34<break></break>(–83·92 to –69·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –76·29<break></break>(–84·44 to –70·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9278·52<break></break>(1953·33 to 25 167·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2290·28<break></break>(383·79 to 6620·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –75·32<break></break>(–83·90 to –69·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –76·27<break></break>(–84·43 to –70·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Protein-energy malnutrition</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 233·90<break></break>(206·48 to 265·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 166·14<break></break>(141·84 to 197·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·97<break></break>(–41·25 to –12·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·28<break></break>(–43·19 to –15·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22 808·52<break></break>(20 316·73 to 25 669·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17 289·10<break></break>(14 869·06 to 20 449·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·20<break></break>(–35·67 to –10·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·77<break></break>(–37·78 to –13·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Child stunting: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 366·43<break></break>(184·02 to 613·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 162·19<break></break>(74·85 to 301·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·74<break></break>(–63·28 to –48·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –57·10<break></break>(–64·53 to –50·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31 579·40<break></break>(15 947·91 to 52 776·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 114·74<break></break>(6609·85 to 26 162·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·30<break></break>(–62·90 to –48·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –56·68<break></break>(–64·19 to –50·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 133·15<break></break>(51·03 to 233·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·15<break></break>(21·84 to 112·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –54·83<break></break>(–61·70 to –45·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –56·28<break></break>(–62·91 to –47·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 661·60<break></break>(4481·93 to 20 495·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5381·00<break></break>(2025·40 to 10 118·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –53·86<break></break>(–60·50 to –44·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·35<break></break>(–61·80 to –46·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 173·89<break></break>(17·78 to 415·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·31<break></break>(7·20 to 226·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –49·22<break></break>(–56·08 to –37·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –50·59<break></break>(–57·26 to –39·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 868·01<break></break>(1516·40 to 35 518·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7564·20<break></break>(616·04 to 19 419·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –49·12<break></break>(–55·96 to –37·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –50·49<break></break>(–57·14 to –38·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59·38<break></break>(5·88 to 164·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·73<break></break>(1·21 to 40·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –76·87<break></break>(–82·40 to –71·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –77·86<break></break>(–83·16 to –72·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5049·80<break></break>(506·57 to 13 966·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1169·54<break></break>(103·24 to 3473·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –76·84<break></break>(–82·34 to –71·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –77·82<break></break>(–83·10 to –72·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight and short gestation: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2341·51<break></break>(2264·77 to 2427·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1673·60<break></break>(1589·23 to 1758·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·52<break></break>(–31·98 to –24·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·19<break></break>(–31·66 to –24·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 202 783·89<break></break>(196 133·92 to 210 268·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 144 947·75<break></break>(137 645·54 to 152 301·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·52<break></break>(–31·97 to –24·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·19<break></break>(–31·66 to –24·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Short gestation for birthweight: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2064·01<break></break>(1949·93 to 2171·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1485·61<break></break>(1392·05 to 1580·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·02<break></break>(–31·59 to –24·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·69<break></break>(–31·27 to –24·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 178 754·75<break></break>(168 864·65 to 188 091·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 128 668·91<break></break>(120 565·96 to 136 862·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·02<break></break>(–31·58 to –24·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·69<break></break>(–31·27 to –24·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55·68<break></break>(50·20 to 61·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·63<break></break>(20·92 to 26·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –57·57<break></break>(–62·84 to –51·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –57·43<break></break>(–62·71 to –51·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4820·28<break></break>(4345·76 to 5325·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2045·43<break></break>(1811·41 to 2301·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –57·57<break></break>(–62·84 to –51·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –57·43<break></break>(–62·71 to –51·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 183·79<break></break>(162·94 to 202·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 104·40<break></break>(89·31 to 119·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·20<break></break>(–48·74 to –37·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –42·98<break></break>(–48·54 to –37·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 913·47<break></break>(14 107·71 to 17 572·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9039·55<break></break>(7732·87 to 10 324·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·20<break></break>(–48·74 to –37·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –42·97<break></break>(–48·54 to –37·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Upper respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·06 to 0·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·05<break></break>(0·04 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·66<break></break>(–60·35 to –14·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·40<break></break>(–60·16 to –13·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·54<break></break>(5·36 to 10·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·40<break></break>(3·13 to 6·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·66<break></break>(–60·35 to –14·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·40<break></break>(–60·16 to –13·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Otitis media</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·01<break></break>(0·01 to 0·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·01<break></break>(0·00 to 0·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·23<break></break>(–72·96 to –21·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·11<break></break>(–72·91 to –20·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·13<break></break>(0·78 to 1·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·51<break></break>(0·33 to 0·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·23<break></break>(–72·96 to –21·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·11<break></break>(–72·91 to –20·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pneumococcal meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·74<break></break>(0·51 to 1·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·62<break></break>(0·40 to 0·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·86<break></break>(–31·66 to 6·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·56<break></break>(–31·41 to 6·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63·93<break></break>(43·85 to 87·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·80<break></break>(35·00 to 80·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·85<break></break>(–31·66 to 6·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·56<break></break>(–31·41 to 6·80)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> H influenzae type B meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·05<break></break>(1·48 to 2·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·71<break></break>(1·22 to 2·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·55<break></break>(–32·62 to 6·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·25<break></break>(–32·37 to 6·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 177·11<break></break>(127·74 to 231·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 147·80<break></break>(105·37 to 207·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·55<break></break>(–32·62 to 6·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·25<break></break>(–32·37 to 6·59)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Meningococcal infection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·44<break></break>(5·63 to 9·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·67<break></break>(3·45 to 6·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·20<break></break>(–47·71 to –22·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·98<break></break>(–47·52 to –22·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 643·78<break></break>(487·60 to 815·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 404·31<break></break>(298·70 to 555·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·20<break></break>(–47·71 to –22·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·98<break></break>(–47·52 to –22·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·57<break></break>(4·16 to 7·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·57<break></break>(4·05 to 8·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·08<break></break>(–17·80 to 26·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(–17·54 to 26·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 481·88<break></break>(360·51 to 611·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 482·25<break></break>(350·92 to 719·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·08<break></break>(–17·80 to 26·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(–17·53 to 26·88)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Encephalitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·34<break></break>(1·00 to 1·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·00<break></break>(0·79 to 1·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·98<break></break>(–43·32 to –2·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·73<break></break>(–43·13 to –2·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 115·89<break></break>(86·59 to 134·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86·95<break></break>(68·43 to 107·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·98<break></break>(–43·32 to –2·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·73<break></break>(–43·13 to –2·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Neonatal preterm birth complications</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 819·36<break></break>(770·29 to 909·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 590·38<break></break>(541·05 to 643·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·95<break></break>(–33·72 to –22·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·60<break></break>(–33·41 to –21·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 70 980·50<break></break>(66 730·62 to 78 805·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51 151·21<break></break>(46 878·45 to 55 713·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·94<break></break>(–33·70 to –22·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·59<break></break>(–33·39 to –21·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 477·77<break></break>(426·69 to 525·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 370·94<break></break>(322·96 to 419·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·36<break></break>(–29·79 to –14·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·97<break></break>(–29·43 to –13·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41 371·74<break></break>(36 949·03 to 45 464·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32 120·93<break></break>(27 966·29 to 36 295·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·36<break></break>(–29·79 to –14·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·97<break></break>(–29·43 to –13·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 170·34<break></break>(138·61 to 217·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 151·23<break></break>(126·64 to 206·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·22<break></break>(–21·77 to 2·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·86<break></break>(–21·43 to 3·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 749·24<break></break>(12 001·55 to 18 826·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 094·15<break></break>(10 964·91 to 17 842·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·22<break></break>(–21·77 to 2·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·86<break></break>(–21·44 to 3·20)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemolytic disease and other neonatal jaundice</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55·72<break></break>(48·90 to 64·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·45<break></break>(27·90 to 38·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·77<break></break>(–49·82 to –32·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·52<break></break>(–49·61 to –32·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4824·42<break></break>(4234·14 to 5587·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2809·45<break></break>(2416·02 to 3293·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·77<break></break>(–49·82 to –32·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·52<break></break>(–49·61 to –32·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other neonatal disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 282·16<break></break>(250·52 to 317·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 197·44<break></break>(173·31 to 220·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·03<break></break>(–37·01 to –21·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·69<break></break>(–36·71 to –21·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24 432·57<break></break>(21 692·72 to 27 491·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17 096·35<break></break>(15 006·94 to 19 130·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·03<break></break>(–37·01 to –21·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·69<break></break>(–36·71 to –21·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Sudden infant death syndrome</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·98<break></break>(1·47 to 2·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·52<break></break>(1·16 to 1·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·02<break></break>(–39·72 to –8·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·88<break></break>(–39·61 to –8·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 171·26<break></break>(127·36 to 219·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 131·83<break></break>(100·77 to 161·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·02<break></break>(–39·72 to –8·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·88<break></break>(–39·61 to –8·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">4</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low birthweight for gestation: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1096·85<break></break>(1005·37 to 1207·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 778·37<break></break>(705·63 to 864·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·04<break></break>(–33·70 to –24·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·69<break></break>(–33·38 to –23·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 95 009·64<break></break>(87 086·08 to 104 596·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67 430·06<break></break>(61 121·27 to 74 855·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·03<break></break>(–33·69 to –24·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·69<break></break>(–33·37 to –23·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·81<break></break>(6·21 to 11·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·44<break></break>(2·38 to 4·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –60·94<break></break>(–66·12 to –55·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –60·78<break></break>(–65·99 to –55·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 762·62<break></break>(537·68 to 1028·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 297·89<break></break>(206·10 to 411·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –60·94<break></break>(–66·12 to –55·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –60·78<break></break>(–65·99 to –55·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·74<break></break>(25·03 to 48·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·19<break></break>(12·83 to 26·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·30<break></break>(–52·21 to –39·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·06<break></break>(–51·99 to –39·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3094·33<break></break>(2167·54 to 4187·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1661·65<break></break>(1111·03 to 2311·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·30<break></break>(–52·21 to –39·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·06<break></break>(–51·99 to –39·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Upper respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·01<break></break>(0·01 to 0·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·27<break></break>(–64·75 to –11·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·00<break></break>(–64·57 to –11·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·71<break></break>(1·05 to 2·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·95<break></break>(0·56 to 1·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·27<break></break>(–64·75 to –11·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·00<break></break>(–64·57 to –11·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Otitis media</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·00<break></break>(0·00 to 0·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·00<break></break>(0·00 to 0·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·15<break></break>(–71·15 to –26·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·00<break></break>(–71·08 to –26·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·16<break></break>(0·09 to 0·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·07<break></break>(0·04 to 0·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·15<break></break>(–71·15 to –26·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·00<break></break>(–71·08 to –26·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pneumococcal meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·13<break></break>(0·08 to 0·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·06 to 0·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·39<break></break>(–35·79 to 2·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·04<break></break>(–35·49 to 3·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·42<break></break>(6·55 to 17·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·20<break></break>(5·13 to 15·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·39<break></break>(–35·79 to 2·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·04<break></break>(–35·49 to 3·25)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> H influenzae type B meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·36<break></break>(0·22 to 0·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·29<break></break>(0·17 to 0·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·05<break></break>(–36·17 to 2·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·71<break></break>(–35·89 to 2·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·35<break></break>(19·05 to 45·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·07<break></break>(14·61 to 38·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·05<break></break>(–36·16 to 2·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·71<break></break>(–35·89 to 2·71)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Meningococcal infection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·30<break></break>(0·81 to 1·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·80<break></break>(0·46 to 1·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·84<break></break>(–50·93 to –23·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·58<break></break>(–50·72 to –22·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 112·69<break></break>(69·75 to 161·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 68·92<break></break>(39·87 to 108·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·84<break></break>(–50·93 to –23·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·58<break></break>(–50·72 to –22·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other meningitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·00<break></break>(0·62 to 1·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·94<break></break>(0·55 to 1·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·58<break></break>(–23·60 to 18·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·19<break></break>(–23·30 to 19·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86·49<break></break>(53·37 to 124·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·66<break></break>(47·91 to 127·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·58<break></break>(–23·59 to 18·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·18<break></break>(–23·29 to 19·32)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Encephalitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·20<break></break>(0·13 to 0·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·14<break></break>(0·10 to 0·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·88<break></break>(–45·21 to –11·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·59<break></break>(–44·97 to –10·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·74<break></break>(11·22 to 24·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·44<break></break>(8·28 to 17·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·88<break></break>(–45·21 to –11·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·59<break></break>(–44·97 to –10·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Neonatal preterm birth complications</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 819·36<break></break>(770·29 to 909·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 590·38<break></break>(541·05 to 643·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·95<break></break>(–33·72 to –22·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·60<break></break>(–33·41 to –21·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 70 980·50<break></break>(66 730·62 to 78 805·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51 151·21<break></break>(46 878·45 to 55 713·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·94<break></break>(–33·70 to –22·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·59<break></break>(–33·39 to –21·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 117·60<break></break>(83·00 to 156·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 84·68<break></break>(58·86 to 116·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·99<break></break>(–35·44 to –20·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·62<break></break>(–35·10 to –20·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 183·45<break></break>(7187·60 to 13 537·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7332·98<break></break>(5096·63 to 10 049·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·99<break></break>(–35·44 to –20·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·62<break></break>(–35·10 to –20·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·50<break></break>(23·71 to 50·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·56<break></break>(19·65 to 43·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·73<break></break>(–28·32 to –2·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·34<break></break>(–27·98 to –2·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3073·99<break></break>(2053·27 to 4400·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2559·70<break></break>(1701·26 to 3798·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·73<break></break>(–28·32 to –2·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·34<break></break>(–27·98 to –2·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemolytic disease and other neonatal jaundice</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·40<break></break>(7·99 to 15·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·32<break></break>(4·34 to 9·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·53<break></break>(–53·03 to –34·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·26<break></break>(–52·80 to –34·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 987·26<break></break>(692·04 to 1378·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 547·68<break></break>(375·55 to 785·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·52<break></break>(–53·03 to –34·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·26<break></break>(–52·80 to –34·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other neonatal disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·24<break></break>(45·86 to 88·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·37<break></break>(28·62 to 57·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·06<break></break>(–42·81 to –26·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –34·73<break></break>(–42·52 to –26·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5649·31<break></break>(3971·62 to 7628·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3668·67<break></break>(2478·27 to 5016·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·06<break></break>(–42·81 to –26·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –34·73<break></break>(–42·52 to –26·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Sudden infant death syndrome</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·19<break></break>(0·11 to 0·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·14<break></break>(0·08 to 0·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·09<break></break>(–43·32 to –14·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·96<break></break>(–43·22 to –13·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·64<break></break>(9·23 to 26·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·97<break></break>(6·94 to 18·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·09<break></break>(–43·32 to –14·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·96<break></break>(–43·22 to –13·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Iron deficiency: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·52<break></break>(12·14 to 43·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·95<break></break>(9·79 to 33·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·88<break></break>(–30·25 to –15·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·14<break></break>(–36·96 to –24·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33 835·12<break></break>(22 660·82 to 48 281·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35 849·87<break></break>(24 052·89 to 50 796·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·95<break></break>(4·22 to 7·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·09<break></break>(–4·68 to –1·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Maternal haemorrhage</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·26<break></break>(7·33 to 32·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·10<break></break>(5·33 to 24·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·80<break></break>(–34·82 to –17·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –33·34<break></break>(–40·64 to –25·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1105·24<break></break>(420·28 to 1854·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 798·94<break></break>(301·29 to 1366·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·71<break></break>(–35·87 to –18·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –33·84<break></break>(–41·20 to –25·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Maternal sepsis and other pregnancy related infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·54<break></break>(2·03 to 9·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·89<break></break>(1·38 to 6·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·86<break></break>(–38·95 to –20·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·83<break></break>(–44·10 to –26·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 325·54<break></break>(119·05 to 544·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 227·22<break></break>(80·46 to 386·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·20<break></break>(–38·96 to –20·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·70<break></break>(–43·84 to –27·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Iron-deficiency anaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·72<break></break>(2·35 to 3·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·96<break></break>(2·52 to 3·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·94<break></break>(–9·11 to 27·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·59<break></break>(–27·78 to 4·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32 404·33<break></break>(21 523·57 to 46 641·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34 823·71<break></break>(23 073·25 to 49 667·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·47<break></break>(6·17 to 8·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·78<break></break>(–2·96 to –0·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Vitamin A deficiency: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 108·40<break></break>(62·61 to 166·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·18<break></break>(24·16 to 65·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –61·08<break></break>(–66·90 to –53·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –62·78<break></break>(–68·35 to –55·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9600·08<break></break>(5604·44 to 14 578·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3979·05<break></break>(2357·30 to 6000·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –58·55<break></break>(–64·51 to –51·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –60·47<break></break>(–66·15 to –53·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 64·17<break></break>(32·47 to 96·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·04<break></break>(14·54 to 46·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –53·18<break></break>(–60·01 to –44·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·12<break></break>(–61·70 to –46·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5620·97<break></break>(2833·29 to 8506·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2695·50<break></break>(1309·94 to 4149·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –52·05<break></break>(–58·86 to –43·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –54·05<break></break>(–60·63 to –45·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Measles</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·23<break></break>(13·84 to 96·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·14<break></break>(3·73 to 28·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –72·55<break></break>(–77·30 to –67·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –73·85<break></break>(–78·35 to –69·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3753·95<break></break>(1185·75 to 8149·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1031·27<break></break>(318·97 to 2391·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –72·53<break></break>(–77·21 to –67·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –73·83<break></break>(–78·30 to –69·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Vitamin A deficiency</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 225·16<break></break>(139·62 to 348·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 252·29<break></break>(158·71 to 388·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·05<break></break>(8·70 to 15·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·64<break></break>(–0·33 to 5·60)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Zinc deficiency: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·32<break></break>(2·85 to 141·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·09<break></break>(1·32 to 69·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –52·95<break></break>(–60·88 to –43·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·43<break></break>(–62·95 to –46·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4651·43<break></break>(359·57 to 12 155·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2245·65<break></break>(213·63 to 5993·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –51·72<break></break>(–59·17 to –38·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –54·27<break></break>(–61·32 to –41·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diarrhoeal diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·31<break></break>(0·00 to 87·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·67<break></break>(0·00 to 42·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2785·75<break></break>(132·69 to 7615·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1359·88<break></break>(108·32 to 3778·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –51·18<break></break>(–58·99 to –14·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –53·76<break></break>(–61·16 to –19·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·01<break></break>(0·00 to 86·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·42<break></break>(0·00 to 42·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1865·68<break></break>(2·95 to 7331·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 885·77<break></break>(2·26 to 3568·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –52·52<break></break>(–60·86 to –18·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –55·03<break></break>(–62·93 to –22·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Tobacco: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>6853·45</bold><break></break><bold>(6227·56 to 7447·85)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>7131·38</bold><break></break><bold>(6503·23 to 7780·89)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>4·06</bold><break></break><bold>(1·29 to 6·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–20·37</bold><break></break><bold>(–22·48 to –18·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>178 305·14</bold><break></break><bold>(163 133·82 to 194 298·17)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>177 302·31</bold><break></break><bold>(162 327·84 to 194 250·39)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–0·56</bold><break></break><bold>(–3·34 to 2·52)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–21·31</bold><break></break><bold>(–23·35 to –19·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smoking: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6081·95<break></break>(5443·81 to 6681·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6321·10<break></break>(5673·66 to 6962·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·93<break></break>(0·87 to 7·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·68<break></break>(–22·98 to –18·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 153 365·37<break></break>(138 408·89 to 167 887·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 155 065·75<break></break>(140 025·42 to 170 602·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·11<break></break>(–1·79 to 4·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·83<break></break>(–23·12 to –18·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drug-susceptible tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 129·07<break></break>(66·60 to 195·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 90·24<break></break>(44·98 to 139·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·08<break></break>(–34·42 to –26·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·49<break></break>(–48·00 to –41·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4240·53<break></break>(2168·23 to 6389·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2934·12<break></break>(1440·35 to 4528·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·81<break></break>(–34·75 to –27·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·68<break></break>(–47·17 to –40·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis without extensive drug resistance</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·07<break></break>(7·18 to 21·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·19<break></break>(4·00 to 12·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·80<break></break>(–48·21 to –35·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –53·46<break></break>(–58·72 to –48·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 458·79<break></break>(234·16 to 698·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 257·57<break></break>(126·48 to 404·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·86<break></break>(–50·23 to –37·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –54·10<break></break>(–59·43 to –49·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·92<break></break>(0·48 to 1·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·33<break></break>(0·66 to 2·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·76<break></break>(19·92 to 72·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·94<break></break>(–2·69 to 38·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·47<break></break>(16·42 to 48·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·78<break></break>(21·82 to 68·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·10<break></break>(14·10 to 68·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·83<break></break>(–5·56 to 38·75)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 326·00<break></break>(257·89 to 397·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 345·94<break></break>(270·42 to 426·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·12<break></break>(0·26 to 10·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·55<break></break>(–23·91 to –16·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7002·64<break></break>(5630·01 to 8415·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7022·96<break></break>(5529·91 to 8607·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·29<break></break>(–5·31 to 5·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·81<break></break>(–25·17 to –16·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lip and oral cavity cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·72<break></break>(44·13 to 60·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 64·11<break></break>(53·04 to 77·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·95<break></break>(15·31 to 32·49) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·81<break></break>(–11·29 to 1·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1393·05<break></break>(1176·02 to 1627·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1658·72<break></break>(1362·64 to 2015·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·07<break></break>(10·04 to 28·65) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·71<break></break>(–13·94 to 0·57)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·46<break></break>(15·13 to 28·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·33<break></break>(16·02 to 30·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·05<break></break>(–6·14 to 14·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·25<break></break>(–25·96 to –10·94) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 635·38<break></break>(432·94 to 851·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 618·24<break></break>(441·07 to 838·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·70<break></break>(–13·59 to 9·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·14<break></break>(–30·47 to –13·55) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 144·04<break></break>(90·12 to 204·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 144·40<break></break>(93·42 to 205·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·25<break></break>(–5·55 to 8·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·33<break></break>(–27·74 to –17·01) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3249·88<break></break>(2072·43 to 4607·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3104·99<break></break>(2025·56 to 4431·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·46<break></break>(–10·71 to 4·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·91<break></break>(–30·69 to –19·11) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Stomach cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86·47<break></break>(50·10 to 134·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 78·50<break></break>(45·61 to 124·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·21<break></break>(–15·82 to –2·65) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·05<break></break>(–34·90 to –25·17) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1985·62<break></break>(1151·90 to 3061·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1668·26<break></break>(961·69 to 2631·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·98<break></break>(–23·04 to –8·83) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –34·01<break></break>(–39·20 to –28·67) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·29<break></break>(32·90 to 59·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·01<break></break>(33·90 to 64·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·88<break></break>(–0·09 to 11·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·96<break></break>(–24·42 to –15·55) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 973·58<break></break>(681·64 to 1272·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 963·80<break></break>(667·18 to 1291·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·00<break></break>(–7·15 to 5·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·19<break></break>(–27·69 to –18·37) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis B</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·56<break></break>(18·21 to 77·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·39<break></break>(19·66 to 81·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·41<break></break>(–6·80 to 17·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·17<break></break>(–24·98 to –8·46) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1222·27<break></break>(522·08 to 2265·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1164·10<break></break>(521·30 to 2235·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·76<break></break>(–17·66 to 10·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·84<break></break>(–32·30 to –11·64) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis C</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·24<break></break>(10·53 to 28·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·01<break></break>(12·01 to 32·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·35<break></break>(7·81 to 21·02) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·81<break></break>(–17·64 to –8·10) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 414·97<break></break>(225·94 to 628·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 448·80<break></break>(238·88 to 687·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·15<break></break>(0·75 to 16·28) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·20<break></break>(–21·61 to –10·61) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·69<break></break>(8·71 to 21·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·71<break></break>(9·61 to 25·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·74<break></break>(5·31 to 21·66) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·48<break></break>(–18·79 to –6·56) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 343·61<break></break>(201·26 to 506·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 377·43<break></break>(217·22 to 566·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·84<break></break>(0·81 to 18·67) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·44<break></break>(–20·97 to –7·97) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·71<break></break>(11·36 to 45·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·42<break></break>(12·15 to 49·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·90<break></break>(–4·05 to 18·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·62<break></break>(–23·12 to –7·34) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 683·22<break></break>(286·75 to 1300·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 662·38<break></break>(294·93 to 1262·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·05<break></break>(–15·91 to 13·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·80<break></break>(–31·15 to –10·21) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pancreatic cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 61·47<break></break>(49·77 to 74·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 70·90<break></break>(56·11 to 87·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·34<break></break>(9·71 to 21·46) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·20<break></break>(–16·27 to –7·87) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1315·34<break></break>(1059·48 to 1601·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1431·89<break></break>(1125·82 to 1797·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·86<break></break>(2·52 to 15·73) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·66<break></break>(–20·48 to –10·57) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·04<break></break>(50·50 to 68·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 64·92<break></break>(53·57 to 76·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·14<break></break>(2·92 to 13·33) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·06<break></break>(–21·01 to –13·10) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1524·37<break></break>(1284·41 to 1751·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1596·46<break></break>(1320·70 to 1877·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·73<break></break>(–0·81 to 10·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·86<break></break>(–23·02 to –14·71) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1014·39<break></break>(875·09 to 1123·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1144·75<break></break>(973·82 to 1299·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·85<break></break>(7·75 to 17·44) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·53<break></break>(–17·47 to –10·01) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22 094·05<break></break>(18 775·21 to 24 684·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23 701·45<break></break>(19 814·76 to 27 245·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·28<break></break>(1·69 to 12·27) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·85<break></break>(–21·09 to –13·12) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·88<break></break>(5·04 to 30·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·91<break></break>(5·25 to 31·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·11<break></break>(–0·34 to 13·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·14<break></break>(–22·76 to –13·09) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 457·80<break></break>(129·80 to 835·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 452·41<break></break>(126·69 to 827·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·18<break></break>(–8·24 to 6·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·43<break></break>(–26·56 to –15·69) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cervical cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·03<break></break>(3·91 to 19·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·85<break></break>(3·81 to 18·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·66<break></break>(–10·26 to 7·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·54<break></break>(–28·68 to –15·43) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 331·91<break></break>(114·69 to 595·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 306·32<break></break>(105·80 to 541·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·71<break></break>(–17·35 to 2·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·19<break></break>(–32·55 to –16·79) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Prostate cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·29<break></break>(11·00 to 19·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·68<break></break>(11·72 to 22·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·09<break></break>(2·16 to 18·00) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·29<break></break>(–24·05 to –12·77) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 257·95<break></break>(186·43 to 331·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 268·27<break></break>(190·32 to 355·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·00<break></break>(–3·76 to 12·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·25<break></break>(–26·88 to –14·50) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Kidney cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·10<break></break>(13·46 to 26·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·07<break></break>(14·53 to 29·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·79<break></break>(1·71 to 18·14) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·07<break></break>(–21·91 to –9·92) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 464·77<break></break>(311·24 to 604·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 480·06<break></break>(316·13 to 639·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·29<break></break>(–5·41 to 12·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·84<break></break>(–26·34 to –12·84) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Bladder cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·33<break></break>(33·18 to 55·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·84<break></break>(36·98 to 63·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·42<break></break>(6·43 to 18·18) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·76<break></break>(–20·05 to –11·55) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 820·50<break></break>(616·52 to 1016·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 867·04<break></break>(639·82 to 1098·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·67<break></break>(–0·75 to 11·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·01<break></break>(–23·71 to –14·36) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·45<break></break>(1·19 to 3·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·65<break></break>(1·26 to 4·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·51<break></break>(–1·79 to 18·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·18<break></break>(–21·95 to –6·75) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·37<break></break>(35·76 to 121·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 77·25<break></break>(35·75 to 131·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·87<break></break>(–8·05 to 15·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·04<break></break>(–25·20 to –6·72) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·13<break></break>(2·06 to 6·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·32<break></break>(2·09 to 6·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·69<break></break>(–3·63 to 13·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·24<break></break>(–27·22 to –15·09) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·77<break></break>(41·39 to 125·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·18<break></break>(39·93 to 126·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·73<break></break>(–9·78 to 8·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·72<break></break>(–30·52 to –17·08) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·27<break></break>(3·54 to 11·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·00<break></break>(3·82 to 12·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·07<break></break>(2·74 to 16·47) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·79<break></break>(–20·27 to –10·13) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 174·17<break></break>(88·65 to 265·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 182·46<break></break>(89·93 to 285·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·76<break></break>(–3·79 to 12·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·20<break></break>(–23·71 to –11·49) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·27<break></break>(1·10 to 3·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·92<break></break>(0·89 to 3·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·62<break></break>(–22·48 to –8·88) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –34·65<break></break>(–39·76 to –29·68) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·81<break></break>(27·53 to 88·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·30<break></break>(21·19 to 72·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·26<break></break>(–27·97 to –13·34) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·45<break></break>(–42·56 to –30·76) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·73<break></break>(4·12 to 14·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·74<break></break>(4·11 to 14·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·05<break></break>(–8·87 to 8·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·85<break></break>(–28·03 to –16·79) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 220·47<break></break>(100·95 to 372·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 198·49<break></break>(92·02 to 332·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·97<break></break>(–21·62 to 1·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·29<break></break>(–35·24 to –19·78) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1346·04<break></break>(1125·86 to 1572·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1391·74<break></break>(1144·96 to 1649·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·40<break></break>(–0·14 to 7·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·16<break></break>(–22·96 to –17·24) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36 051·24<break></break>(30 135·29 to 41 836·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36 302·60<break></break>(29 797·02 to 42 911·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·70<break></break>(–2·92 to 4·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·54<break></break>(–23·37 to –17·43) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 350·47<break></break>(292·23 to 407·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 347·05<break></break>(290·43 to 408·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·98<break></break>(–5·13 to 3·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·72<break></break>(–27·99 to –21·50) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8972·51<break></break>(7487·52 to 10 550·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9235·11<break></break>(7655·96 to 10 990·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·93<break></break>(–1·37 to 6·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·73<break></break>(–24·06 to –17·62) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 574·87<break></break>(485·95 to 664·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 535·26<break></break>(448·47 to 627·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·89<break></break>(–10·16 to –3·66) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·91<break></break>(–30·41 to –25·36) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16 024·57<break></break>(13 595·74 to 18 501·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 873·84<break></break>(12 549·42 to 17 354·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·18<break></break>(–10·27 to –4·08) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·69<break></break>(–29·11 to –24·28) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 92·58<break></break>(69·07 to 115·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 104·36<break></break>(75·52 to 129·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·72<break></break>(–0·81 to 23·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·06<break></break>(–23·84 to –4·65) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2418·95<break></break>(1818·67 to 3023·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2611·14<break></break>(1927·81 to 3211·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·95<break></break>(–2·72 to 17·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·97<break></break>(–23·65 to –7·28) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·78<break></break>(8·34 to 15·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·23<break></break>(10·02 to 19·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·80<break></break>(16·34 to 24·92) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·40<break></break>(–14·55 to –8·44) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 616·54<break></break>(429·29 to 846·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 710·44<break></break>(488·75 to 984·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·23<break></break>(12·91 to 17·40) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·95<break></break>(–12·66 to –9·34) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Aortic aneurysm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·06<break></break>(17·20 to 26·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·71<break></break>(17·69 to 27·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·92<break></break>(–2·08 to 9·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·66<break></break>(–24·43 to –15·86) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 554·61<break></break>(435·81 to 658·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 560·44<break></break>(442·97 to 678·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·05<break></break>(–4·19 to 8·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·47<break></break>(–24·50 to –15·10) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·59<break></break>(3·26 to 5·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·12<break></break>(3·60 to 6·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·65<break></break>(–0·50 to 26·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·97<break></break>(–24·80 to –5·05) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 148·14<break></break>(100·88 to 203·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 163·17<break></break>(110·40 to 225·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·14<break></break>(0·93 to 20·74) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·24<break></break>(–22·89 to –8·54) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other cardiovascular and circulatory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·33<break></break>(40·77 to 70·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55·64<break></break>(41·83 to 73·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·33<break></break>(–0·04 to 9·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·15<break></break>(–22·65 to –15·27) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1998·90<break></break>(1531·92 to 2560·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2084·86<break></break>(1574·17 to 2694·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·30<break></break>(0·52 to 8·39) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·90<break></break>(–19·76 to –13·76) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1190·52<break></break>(889·10 to 1462·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1253·30<break></break>(989·51 to 1520·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·27<break></break>(–0·57 to 14·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·12<break></break>(–26·38 to –15·51) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23 659·75<break></break>(18 550·88 to 28 461·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25 038·91<break></break>(20 395·51 to 29 918·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·83<break></break>(–0·06 to 13·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·26<break></break>(–23·63 to –13·01) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·36<break></break>(44·88 to 91·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·81<break></break>(39·28 to 78·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·08<break></break>(–20·43 to –5·24) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·94<break></break>(–38·71 to –26·92) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2444·85<break></break>(1802·94 to 3242·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2291·51<break></break>(1694·45 to 2999·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·27<break></break>(–12·71 to –0·11) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·66<break></break>(–30·95 to –20·73) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other chronic respiratory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·07<break></break>(2·06 to 4·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·77<break></break>(2·53 to 5·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·95<break></break>(13·58 to 33·14) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·85<break></break>(–12·82 to 1·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 103·01<break></break>(73·48 to 140·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 126·04<break></break>(88·32 to 176·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·36<break></break>(12·41 to 32·01) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·70<break></break>(–9·84 to 6·67)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Peptic ulcer disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·27<break></break>(31·46 to 55·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·14<break></break>(26·26 to 47·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·48<break></break>(–21·32 to –12·20) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·23<break></break>(–39·05 to –31·93) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1202·60<break></break>(882·23 to 1539·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1008·27<break></break>(740·13 to 1308·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·16<break></break>(–20·61 to –11·83) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –33·35<break></break>(–36·87 to –30·04) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gallbladder and biliary diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·22<break></break>(1·49 to 2·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·32<break></break>(1·55 to 3·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·66<break></break>(–1·51 to 10·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·29<break></break>(–25·11 to –15·43) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·26<break></break>(36·94 to 71·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55·54<break></break>(36·83 to 74·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·36<break></break>(–2·84 to 7·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·57<break></break>(–23·79 to –15·50) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·57<break></break>(33·10 to 106·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·80<break></break>(39·50 to 132·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·55<break></break>(15·91 to 27·45) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·65<break></break>(–17·20 to –7·77) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1062·73<break></break>(491·18 to 1670·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1256·05<break></break>(555·38 to 1982·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·19<break></break>(12·39 to 22·10) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·38<break></break>(–16·39 to –8·22) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Parkinson’s disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·15<break></break>(–26·54 to –14·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·16<break></break>(–30·39 to –16·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·93<break></break>(10·72 to 19·10) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·99<break></break>(–16·05 to –9·98) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –403·98<break></break>(–525·52 to –283·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –461·19<break></break>(–599·84 to –324·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·16<break></break>(10·52 to 17·80) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·22<break></break>(–14·86 to –9·59) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multiple sclerosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·70<break></break>(1·11 to 2·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·68<break></break>(1·09 to 2·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·89<break></break>(–9·77 to 5·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·16<break></break>(–28·03 to –16·17) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 98·79<break></break>(62·61 to 138·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 99·08<break></break>(62·16 to 140·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·29<break></break>(–5·43 to 4·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·13<break></break>(–22·71 to –14·62) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·47<break></break>(17·07 to 99·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·30<break></break>(19·12 to 117·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·40<break></break>(11·86 to 21·43) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·78<break></break>(–14·35 to –6·53) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2881·41<break></break>(847·72 to 5096·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3192·65<break></break>(911·95 to 5662·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·80<break></break>(7·07 to 13·63) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·37<break></break>(–15·58 to –10·13) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Rheumatoid arthritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·45<break></break>(0·58 to 2·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·37<break></break>(0·54 to 2·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·01<break></break>(–10·76 to –0·77) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·01<break></break>(–31·59 to –24·03) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 224·49<break></break>(88·79 to 401·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 241·06<break></break>(94·19 to 434·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·38<break></break>(4·34 to 9·93) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·89<break></break>(–17·34 to –12·89) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Low back pain</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2459·39<break></break>(1047·30 to 4016·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2567·74<break></break>(1082·41 to 4200·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·41<break></break>(1·74 to 7·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·98<break></break>(–17·00 to –13·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 404·92<break></break>(261·96 to 595·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 457·74<break></break>(295·38 to 678·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·05<break></break>(9·89 to 16·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·81<break></break>(–15·31 to –10·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Macular degeneration</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·10<break></break>(10·74 to 63·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·59<break></break>(13·27 to 79·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·18<break></break>(19·16 to 28·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·46<break></break>(–10·16 to –3·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pedestrian road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·26<break></break>(3·12 to 5·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·27<break></break>(3·07 to 5·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·19<break></break>(–6·60 to 4·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·32<break></break>(–27·66 to –18·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 192·70<break></break>(132·72 to 266·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 203·56<break></break>(140·13 to 285·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·64<break></break>(0·50 to 9·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·61<break></break>(–19·72 to –12·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·66<break></break>(0·46 to 0·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·65<break></break>(0·46 to 0·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·71<break></break>(–7·23 to 8·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·08<break></break>(–27·08 to –15·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·95<break></break>(56·29 to 134·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 101·22<break></break>(63·20 to 155·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·79<break></break>(10·68 to 16·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·26<break></break>(–10·82 to –6·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motorcyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·42<break></break>(0·98 to 1·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·41<break></break>(0·95 to 1·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·73<break></break>(–7·31 to 5·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·26<break></break>(–25·42 to –15·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 146·73<break></break>(93·93 to 217·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 154·92<break></break>(99·00 to 232·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·58<break></break>(2·29 to 8·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·79<break></break>(–16·50 to –11·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motor vehicle road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·42<break></break>(2·40 to 4·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·27<break></break>(2·30 to 4·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·43<break></break>(–9·10 to 3·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·68<break></break>(–28·27 to –18·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 220·30<break></break>(149·90 to 312·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 222·17<break></break>(149·26 to 318·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·85<break></break>(–2·50 to 5·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·53<break></break>(–21·35 to –15·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·08 to 0·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·08 to 0·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·37<break></break>(–8·56 to 15·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·45<break></break>(–30·44 to –11·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·54<break></break>(14·89 to 38·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·33<break></break>(20·60 to 54·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·88<break></break>(36·47 to 42·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·99<break></break>(9·94 to 15·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other transport injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(0·71 to 1·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·95<break></break>(0·69 to 1·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·50<break></break>(–7·54 to 7·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·86<break></break>(–27·55 to –15·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 98·02<break></break>(64·22 to 142·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 97·82<break></break>(63·60 to 143·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·21<break></break>(–3·18 to 2·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·19<break></break>(–21·61 to –16·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Falls</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·00<break></break>(9·94 to 18·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·72<break></break>(11·19 to 20·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·30<break></break>(4·47 to 19·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·04<break></break>(–22·83 to –11·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 834·32<break></break>(556·29 to 1207·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 927·35<break></break>(615·93 to 1342·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·15<break></break>(8·56 to 13·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·04<break></break>(–14·43 to –10·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other exposure to mechanical forces</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·72<break></break>(0·50 to 0·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·68<break></break>(0·45 to 0·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·72<break></break>(–16·10 to 1·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·28<break></break>(–34·05 to –20·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 143·72<break></break>(85·67 to 229·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 159·21<break></break>(93·69 to 258·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·78<break></break>(8·20 to 12·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·26<break></break>(–12·38 to –8·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Non-venomous animal contact</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·07<break></break>(0·05 to 0·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·06<break></break>(0·04 to 0·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·75<break></break>(–23·01 to –4·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –33·85<break></break>(–40·10 to –26·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·11<break></break>(4·27 to 11·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·44<break></break>(3·79 to 10·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·45<break></break>(–12·88 to –6·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·94<break></break>(–29·78 to –24·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by other means</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·49<break></break>(0·30 to 0·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·41<break></break>(0·27 to 0·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·12<break></break>(–27·68 to 5·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·36<break></break>(–42·05 to –16·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 79·58<break></break>(48·44 to 125·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 77·53<break></break>(46·64 to 123·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·58<break></break>(–6·78 to 1·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·52<break></break>(–23·97 to –17·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Forces of nature, conflict and terrorism, and state actor violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·05<break></break>(0·03 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –61·88<break></break>(–74·78 to –49·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –68·62<break></break>(–79·42 to –58·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·32<break></break>(2·99 to 15·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·92<break></break>(2·89 to 21·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·82<break></break>(–10·52 to 35·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·45<break></break>(–25·71 to 12·96)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Smokeless tobacco: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·05<break></break>(32·22 to 45·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·24<break></break>(39·35 to 56·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·52<break></break>(14·92 to 31·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·58<break></break>(–11·36 to 1·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1063·08<break></break>(872·62 to 1258·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1262·17<break></break>(1016·17 to 1498·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·73<break></break>(10·62 to 26·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·49<break></break>(–12·92 to –0·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lip and oral cavity cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·14<break></break>(19·77 to 30·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·14<break></break>(24·93 to 39·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·85<break></break>(17·75 to 37·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·25<break></break>(–9·09 to 6·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 697·47<break></break>(540·47 to 849·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 854·15<break></break>(658·17 to 1052·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·46<break></break>(12·41 to 31·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·28<break></break>(–11·05 to 3·85)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·91<break></break>(10·12 to 17·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·10<break></break>(11·51 to 20·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·71<break></break>(8·62 to 23·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·58<break></break>(–16·11 to –4·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 365·61<break></break>(264·21 to 464·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 408·02<break></break>(289·36 to 522·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·60<break></break>(4·38 to 19·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·54<break></break>(–17·96 to –6·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Second-hand smoke: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 848·70<break></break>(674·54 to 1044·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 883·93<break></break>(715·08 to 1085·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·15<break></break>(0·25 to 8·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·91<break></break>(–21·61 to –16·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26 546·21<break></break>(19 817·27 to 34 362·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23 761·45<break></break>(18 439·15 to 29 543·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·49<break></break>(–16·84 to –2·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·59<break></break>(–28·47 to –20·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 178·55<break></break>(92·47 to 275·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 138·56<break></break>(72·78 to 213·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·40<break></break>(–26·76 to –18·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·09<break></break>(–34·53 to –27·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 839·93<break></break>(5534·74 to 16 883·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6407·40<break></break>(3311·02 to 10 061·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·89<break></break>(–44·86 to –36·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·39<break></break>(–47·17 to –39·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Otitis media</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·05 to 0·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·02 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –56·93<break></break>(–72·65 to –33·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –58·53<break></break>(–73·68 to –36·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 219·81<break></break>(122·39 to 348·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 205·95<break></break>(110·96 to 328·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·31<break></break>(–9·28 to –3·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·69<break></break>(–13·55 to –8·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·02<break></break>(10·49 to 38·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·35<break></break>(13·15 to 48·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·20<break></break>(18·36 to 27·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·80<break></break>(–8·93 to –2·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 508·53<break></break>(246·20 to 907·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 615·93<break></break>(298·94 to 1093·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·12<break></break>(14·10 to 25·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·79<break></break>(–10·86 to –2·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·27<break></break>(2·20 to 15·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·30<break></break>(2·57 to 17·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·10<break></break>(1·92 to 20·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·39<break></break>(–20·31 to –6·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 287·48<break></break>(68·13 to 495·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 313·04<break></break>(77·84 to 535·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·89<break></break>(–0·35 to 19·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·87<break></break>(–20·20 to –4·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 280·21<break></break>(219·44 to 344·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 327·35<break></break>(257·71 to 402·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·82<break></break>(12·22 to 21·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·04<break></break>(–14·93 to –9·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5727·36<break></break>(4517·00 to 7044·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6503·01<break></break>(5174·29 to 7952·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·54<break></break>(9·44 to 17·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·86<break></break>(–14·86 to –9·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·09<break></break>(53·89 to 96·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 75·15<break></break>(54·65 to 99·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·82<break></break>(–2·13 to 8·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·12<break></break>(–26·26 to –19·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1420·64<break></break>(1071·30 to 1818·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1493·54<break></break>(1101·46 to 1909·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·13<break></break>(0·25 to 10·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·63<break></break>(–22·90 to –16·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 95·38<break></break>(73·00 to 120·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 90·24<break></break>(68·61 to 114·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·39<break></break>(–8·89 to –1·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·71<break></break>(–30·19 to –25·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2278·60<break></break>(1754·81 to 2848·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2144·62<break></break>(1620·43 to 2692·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·88<break></break>(–9·72 to –2·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·29<break></break>(–28·90 to –23·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 117·45<break></break>(54·19 to 204·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 119·62<break></break>(57·14 to 206·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·85<break></break>(–7·05 to 12·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·85<break></break>(–30·75 to –15·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2373·48<break></break>(1129·66 to 4027·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2496·53<break></break>(1213·18 to 4231·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·18<break></break>(–3·18 to 15·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·35<break></break>(–26·03 to –11·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 72·64<break></break>(27·70 to 111·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 95·33<break></break>(36·10 to 146·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·23<break></break>(27·87 to 34·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·97<break></break>(–3·45 to 1·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2890·38<break></break>(1067·29 to 4591·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3581·43<break></break>(1319·94 to 5698·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·91<break></break>(21·66 to 26·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·11<break></break>(–4·92 to –1·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Alcohol and drug use: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 3001·71</bold><break></break><bold>(2622·51 to 3396·75)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 3257·20</bold><break></break><bold>(2820·87 to 3733·04)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 8·51</bold><break></break><bold>(3·51 to 14·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –13·22</bold><break></break><bold>(–17·30 to –8·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 125 134·50</bold><break></break><bold>(113 568·68 to 136 796·97)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 130 597·46</bold><break></break><bold>(117 360·41 to 144 336·48)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 4·37</bold><break></break><bold>(0·66 to 8·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –13·06</bold><break></break><bold>(–16·29 to –9·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td align="left" colspan="10" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Alcohol use: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2605·72<break></break>(2228·59 to 3011·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2814·64<break></break>(2371·24 to 3292·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·02<break></break>(2·40 to 14·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·15<break></break>(–18·64 to –9·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 96 193·70<break></break>(86 180·20 to 106 743·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 99 204·89<break></break>(88 310·44 to 111 168·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·13<break></break>(–1·28 to 8·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·00<break></break>(–18·77 to –10·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drug-susceptible tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 304·97<break></break>(234·07 to 375·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 253·07<break></break>(191·46 to 317·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·02<break></break>(–24·00 to –9·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –33·11<break></break>(–38·92 to –27·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 260·98<break></break>(8804·92 to 13 625·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9208·69<break></break>(7176·84 to 11 319·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·22<break></break>(–24·75 to –11·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·92<break></break>(–37·40 to –26·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis without extensive drug resistance</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·42<break></break>(24·76 to 43·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·46<break></break>(17·16 to 30·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·81<break></break>(–40·10 to –19·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –42·99<break></break>(–51·14 to –34·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1217·72<break></break>(916·99 to 1544·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 820·14<break></break>(608·48 to 1048·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·65<break></break>(–41·96 to –23·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –43·80<break></break>(–51·57 to –35·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·44<break></break>(1·87 to 3·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·98<break></break>(2·92 to 5·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 63·02<break></break>(31·53 to 98·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·78<break></break>(8·90 to 62·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 91·46<break></break>(70·76 to 113·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 140·71<break></break>(104·83 to 181·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·84<break></break>(23·67 to 88·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·98<break></break>(3·78 to 57·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lower respiratory infections</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 97·10<break></break>(41·59 to 144·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 113·58<break></break>(47·40 to 175·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·97<break></break>(4·11 to 29·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·81<break></break>(–18·30 to 1·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2531·19<break></break>(1331·95 to 3554·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2699·40<break></break>(1437·61 to 3944·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·65<break></break>(–5·58 to 18·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·62<break></break>(–23·15 to –3·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lip and oral cavity cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·44<break></break>(41·03 to 57·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·24<break></break>(54·69 to 77·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·98<break></break>(27·04 to 41·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·26<break></break>(–1·91 to 8·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1375·21<break></break>(1162·65 to 1574·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1769·38<break></break>(1482·47 to 2028·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·66<break></break>(21·40 to 36·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·34<break></break>(–4·08 to 7·41)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·19<break></break>(22·28 to 26·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·38<break></break>(25·63 to 31·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·33<break></break>(7·75 to 26·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·62<break></break>(–15·07 to –0·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 758·75<break></break>(706·19 to 809·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 843·69<break></break>(766·09 to 922·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·19<break></break>(1·77 to 20·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·61<break></break>(–18·09 to –3·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other pharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·86<break></break>(27·61 to 39·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·29<break></break>(37·28 to 55·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·70<break></break>(24·71 to 47·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·77<break></break>(–3·34 to 13·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 970·39<break></break>(799·90 to 1139·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1285·14<break></break>(1045·87 to 1530·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·43<break></break>(20·29 to 42·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·89<break></break>(–5·37 to 12·21)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 116·52<break></break>(92·63 to 140·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 130·55<break></break>(104·87 to 157·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·05<break></break>(6·25 to 19·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·03<break></break>(–18·42 to –8·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2838·08<break></break>(2305·86 to 3387·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3052·59<break></break>(2475·16 to 3672·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·56<break></break>(1·96 to 14·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·61<break></break>(–20·92 to –11·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 97·08<break></break>(77·64 to 116·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 116·81<break></break>(92·14 to 141·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·33<break></break>(13·27 to 28·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·92<break></break>(–14·35 to –2·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2172·68<break></break>(1757·07 to 2580·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2544·90<break></break>(2029·33 to 3047·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·13<break></break>(10·21 to 25·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·24<break></break>(–14·62 to –2·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 99·05<break></break>(83·17 to 116·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 129·18<break></break>(109·73 to 150·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·41<break></break>(22·61 to 40·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·01<break></break>(–6·03 to 7·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2281·36<break></break>(1911·37 to 2709·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2924·48<break></break>(2462·18 to 3399·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·19<break></break>(20·40 to 38·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·56<break></break>(–6·67 to 7·20)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·71<break></break>(17·87 to 34·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·80<break></break>(19·32 to 38·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·58<break></break>(5·49 to 18·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·18<break></break>(–18·81 to –9·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 709·81<break></break>(474·31 to 897·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 764·38<break></break>(497·31 to 976·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·69<break></break>(1·59 to 14·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·32<break></break>(–20·98 to –11·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·75<break></break>(43·43 to 63·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 59·24<break></break>(47·43 to 72·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·31<break></break>(5·75 to 20·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·02<break></break>(–18·98 to –8·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1443·76<break></break>(1178·62 to 1753·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1565·91<break></break>(1245·66 to 1961·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·46<break></break>(1·75 to 16·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·40<break></break>(–19·77 to –8·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·76<break></break>(–211·14 to 168·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·23<break></break>(–241·48 to 206·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·24<break></break>(–371·35 to 331·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –41·97<break></break>(–257·08 to 194·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 767·37<break></break>(–2850·37 to 4692·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1084·03<break></break>(–3136·85 to 5556·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·27<break></break>(–352·40 to 255·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·77<break></break>(–286·02 to 364·77)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 106·64<break></break>(44·65 to 173·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 124·22<break></break>(55·72 to 200·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·49<break></break>(0·38 to 42·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·74<break></break>(–23·99 to 13·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2508·68<break></break>(1269·21 to 3765·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2930·95<break></break>(1519·90 to 4397·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·83<break></break>(3·14 to 35·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·07<break></break>(–20·90 to 5·69)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 418·95<break></break>(317·05 to 526·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 457·66<break></break>(345·46 to 572·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·24<break></break>(3·10 to 17·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·31<break></break>(–21·14 to –9·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 365·31<break></break>(7962·87 to 12 814·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 957·49<break></break>(8335·55 to 13 516·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·71<break></break>(0·00 to 13·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·87<break></break>(–21·50 to –10·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 96·07<break></break>(66·61 to 126·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 131·89<break></break>(86·83 to 176·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·28<break></break>(18·72 to 50·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·92<break></break>(–11·24 to 12·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1987·17<break></break>(1428·04 to 2584·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2547·33<break></break>(1757·70 to 3394·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·19<break></break>(13·24 to 39·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·64<break></break>(–12·18 to 8·58)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Alcoholic cardiomyopathy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·36<break></break>(72·97 to 97·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83·31<break></break>(67·17 to 102·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·64<break></break>(–21·27 to 17·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·04<break></break>(–36·79 to –7·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2877·83<break></break>(2413·88 to 3220·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2590·34<break></break>(2055·10 to 3239·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·99<break></break>(–27·64 to 14·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·31<break></break>(–40·43 to –7·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·55<break></break>(11·75 to 24·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·02<break></break>(16·86 to 35·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·50<break></break>(32·14 to 53·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·75<break></break>(–7·75 to 7·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 542·25<break></break>(373·15 to 751·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 722·89<break></break>(496·23 to 1010·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·31<break></break>(25·87 to 42·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·33<break></break>(–5·56 to 6·94)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 294·43<break></break>(271·56 to 321·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 334·68<break></break>(306·28 to 371·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·67<break></break>(8·76 to 19·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·98<break></break>(–14·62 to –6·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8874·48<break></break>(8108·96 to 9683·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9748·69<break></break>(8868·52 to 10 855·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·85<break></break>(4·80 to 15·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·76<break></break>(–15·67 to –6·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pancreatitis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·98<break></break>(25·54 to 39·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·26<break></break>(28·83 to 47·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·51<break></break>(5·09 to 29·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·79<break></break>(–15·73 to 3·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1075·26<break></break>(892·23 to 1306·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1196·59<break></break>(955·03 to 1487·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·28<break></break>(–1·10 to 26·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·13<break></break>(–18·00 to 3·87)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Epilepsy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·88<break></break>(16·15 to 25·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·02<break></break>(16·75 to 27·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·48<break></break>(–0·54 to 13·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·53<break></break>(–16·52 to –4·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1810·40<break></break>(1311·06 to 2355·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1903·17<break></break>(1362·83 to 2511·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·12<break></break>(–3·66 to 14·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·55<break></break>(–17·15 to –1·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Alcohol use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 171·96<break></break>(150·67 to 183·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 173·82<break></break>(145·45 to 190·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·08<break></break>(–7·15 to 10·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·62<break></break>(–24·31 to –10·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 555·03<break></break>(12 602·23 to 19 092·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16 237·15<break></break>(12 996·82 to 19 945·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·39<break></break>(0·39 to 8·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·98<break></break>(–14·60 to –7·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·96<break></break>(–20·42 to 34·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·11<break></break>(–24·38 to 45·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·21<break></break>(–231·27 to 359·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·01<break></break>(–228·39 to 231·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 529·10<break></break>(–727·58 to 1861·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 712·23<break></break>(–881·16 to 2351·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·61<break></break>(–144·45 to 218·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·02<break></break>(–194·30 to 145·24)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pedestrian road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 64·98<break></break>(37·59 to 97·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 66·16<break></break>(38·29 to 99·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·80<break></break>(–6·33 to 10·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·65<break></break>(–22·20 to –8·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2844·80<break></break>(1646·88 to 4243·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2791·74<break></break>(1612·72 to 4240·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·87<break></break>(–9·54 to 6·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·21<break></break>(–22·63 to –9·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·71<break></break>(5·62 to 14·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·09<break></break>(5·76 to 15·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·95<break></break>(–4·99 to 14·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·35<break></break>(–21·62 to –5·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 595·27<break></break>(342·91 to 899·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 647·09<break></break>(367·80 to 990·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·71<break></break>(0·54 to 17·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·96<break></break>(–15·42 to –1·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motorcyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·74<break></break>(18·48 to 49·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·45<break></break>(18·55 to 49·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·89<break></break>(–8·65 to 8·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·90<break></break>(–20·39 to –6·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1872·33<break></break>(1066·29 to 2824·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1857·69<break></break>(1065·70 to 2828·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·78<break></break>(–8·22 to 7·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·07<break></break>(–19·49 to –5·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motor vehicle road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62·76<break></break>(36·61 to 92·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·04<break></break>(34·52 to 88·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·34<break></break>(–10·50 to 3·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·19<break></break>(–23·45 to –11·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3304·16<break></break>(1937·56 to 4824·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3120·49<break></break>(1833·43 to 4562·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·56<break></break>(–11·62 to 2·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·65<break></break>(–22·82 to –11·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·65<break></break>(0·97 to 2·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·61<break></break>(0·94 to 2·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·42<break></break>(–9·91 to 8·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·54<break></break>(–24·61 to –9·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 131·93<break></break>(76·34 to 202·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 160·16<break></break>(89·43 to 251·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·40<break></break>(11·19 to 32·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·40<break></break>(–5·75 to 10·70)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other transport injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·79<break></break>(6·92 to 17·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·88<break></break>(6·96 to 17·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·76<break></break>(–6·67 to 10·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·17<break></break>(–21·42 to –7·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 696·53<break></break>(403·45 to 1034·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 717·10<break></break>(414·64 to 1080·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·95<break></break>(–3·94 to 11·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·88<break></break>(–17·72 to –5·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drowning</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·47<break></break>(7·29 to 27·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·16<break></break>(6·74 to 24·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·94<break></break>(–14·17 to 0·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·73<break></break>(–26·65 to –14·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 732·89<break></break>(326·96 to 1216·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 632·25<break></break>(274·66 to 1023·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·73<break></break>(–20·25 to –4·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·55<break></break>(–29·67 to –17·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Fire, heat, and hot substances</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·88<break></break>(3·53 to 12·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·03<break></break>(3·24 to 11·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·85<break></break>(–19·34 to –0·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·82<break></break>(–34·28 to –19·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 412·06<break></break>(184·41 to 675·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 386·39<break></break>(172·68 to 635·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·23<break></break>(–14·00 to 2·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·30<break></break>(–27·76 to –13·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Poisonings</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·67<break></break>(1·62 to 6·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·36<break></break>(1·50 to 5·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·39<break></break>(–23·07 to 7·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·79<break></break>(–36·16 to –10·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 166·84<break></break>(74·30 to 278·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150·08<break></break>(67·35 to 244·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·05<break></break>(–22·18 to 4·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·08<break></break>(–33·23 to –11·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Unintentional firearm injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·74<break></break>(0·76 to 2·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·56<break></break>(0·70 to 2·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·07<break></break>(–17·83 to –2·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·30<break></break>(–30·13 to –16·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·71<break></break>(41·83 to 158·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86·98<break></break>(38·37 to 146·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·16<break></break>(–15·61 to –0·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·85<break></break>(–26·43 to –13·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other unintentional injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·73<break></break>(3·29 to 12·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·82<break></break>(2·88 to 11·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·82<break></break>(–20·38 to –1·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·85<break></break>(–31·85 to –16·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 576·20<break></break>(256·50 to 988·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 568·51<break></break>(246·31 to 967·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·33<break></break>(–8·94 to 7·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·84<break></break>(–21·88 to –8·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Self-harm by firearm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·07<break></break>(8·50 to 21·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·54<break></break>(8·69 to 22·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·13<break></break>(–9·93 to 18·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·75<break></break>(–24·66 to –0·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 641·41<break></break>(369·21 to 940·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 638·64<break></break>(368·84 to 936·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·43<break></break>(–12·27 to 14·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·04<break></break>(–24·48 to –0·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Self-harm by other specified means</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 145·40<break></break>(85·30 to 202·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 145·14<break></break>(87·17 to 202·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·18<break></break>(–9·24 to 11·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·89<break></break>(–24·27 to –7·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6077·14<break></break>(3594·27 to 8488·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5860·44<break></break>(3530·20 to 8127·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·57<break></break>(–12·54 to 8·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·50<break></break>(–25·19 to –7·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by firearm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·84<break></break>(14·26 to 41·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·44<break></break>(14·59 to 43·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·15<break></break>(–5·82 to 10·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·49<break></break>(–16·80 to –2·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1493·88<break></break>(775·66 to 2210·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1501·73<break></break>(766·64 to 2276·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·53<break></break>(–7·60 to 8·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·64<break></break>(–17·10 to –2·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by sharp object</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·56<break></break>(10·94 to 28·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·99<break></break>(9·34 to 25·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·83<break></break>(–22·48 to –1·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·17<break></break>(–32·85 to –13·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 975·52<break></break>(582·21 to 1474·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 839·22<break></break>(492·92 to 1317·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·97<break></break>(–22·24 to –2·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·22<break></break>(–31·44 to –13·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by other means</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·18<break></break>(10·48 to 27·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·03<break></break>(9·98 to 26·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·33<break></break>(–19·70 to 12·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·14<break></break>(–31·48 to –4·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1033·77<break></break>(611·33 to 1542·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 996·09<break></break>(595·09 to 1505·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·64<break></break>(–15·24 to 10·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·82<break></break>(–26·73 to –4·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drug use: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 405·49<break></break>(376·08 to 438·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 451·82<break></break>(420·40 to 486·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·42<break></break>(6·47 to 17·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·66<break></break>(–10·58 to –2·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29 405·94<break></break>(25 497·29 to 33 535·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31 836·26<break></break>(27 445·88 to 36 580·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·26<break></break>(5·09 to 11·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·25<break></break>(–9·21 to –3·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drug-susceptible HIV/AIDS - Tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·88<break></break>(11·55 to 26·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·10<break></break>(5·87 to 13·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –49·13<break></break>(–53·01 to –44·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –56·62<break></break>(–59·99 to –52·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 845·64<break></break>(545·53 to 1245·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 452·57<break></break>(301·06 to 663·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –46·48<break></break>(–50·70 to –41·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –53·69<break></break>(–57·35 to –49·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multidrug-resistant HIV/AIDS - Tuberculosis without extensive drug resistance</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·54<break></break>(1·51 to 4·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·20<break></break>(0·70 to 1·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –52·97<break></break>(–60·55 to –44·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –59·62<break></break>(–66·05 to –52·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 118·88<break></break>(70·41 to 191·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·61<break></break>(33·39 to 90·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –52·38<break></break>(–60·30 to –43·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –58·61<break></break>(–65·43 to –50·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Extensively drugresistant HIV/AIDS - Tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·20<break></break>(0·12 to 0·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·29<break></break>(0·16 to 0·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·03<break></break>(18·74 to 75·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·61<break></break>(3·55 to 52·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·74<break></break>(5·65 to 16·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·91<break></break>(7·92 to 22·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·89<break></break>(17·38 to 74·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·59<break></break>(3·29 to 53·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> HIV/AIDS resulting in other diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·37<break></break>(58·68 to 92·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·21<break></break>(43·04 to 65·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·45<break></break>(–33·86 to –21·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·29<break></break>(–42·87 to –32·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3651·47<break></break>(2871·87 to 4584·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2670·75<break></break>(2142·39 to 3303·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·86<break></break>(–31·94 to –20·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –36·29<break></break>(–40·83 to –30·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hepatitis B</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·32<break></break>(0·25 to 0·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·31<break></break>(0·24 to 0·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·97<break></break>(–9·09 to 5·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·37<break></break>(–26·08 to –14·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·08<break></break>(9·29 to 15·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·54<break></break>(8·88 to 14·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·47<break></break>(–12·19 to 3·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·80<break></break>(–27·31 to –14·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hepatitis C</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·42<break></break>(0·32 to 0·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·48<break></break>(0·37 to 0·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·60<break></break>(–1·60 to 33·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·68<break></break>(–19·61 to 8·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·51<break></break>(12·58 to 21·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·25<break></break>(13·84 to 23·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·51<break></break>(–3·77 to 27·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·31<break></break>(–18·68 to 7·88)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis B</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·52<break></break>(1·16 to 1·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·56<break></break>(1·97 to 3·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 68·29<break></break>(57·54 to 79·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·74<break></break>(25·83 to 41·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·42<break></break>(37·44 to 64·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 78·10<break></break>(59·59 to 101·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 58·03<break></break>(46·77 to 68·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·05<break></break>(19·75 to 36·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis C</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·35<break></break>(31·94 to 43·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62·46<break></break>(54·75 to 70·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 67·23<break></break>(59·37 to 75·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·03<break></break>(23·93 to 36·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 998·00<break></break>(853·25 to 1148·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1558·54<break></break>(1357·79 to 1774·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·17<break></break>(48·56 to 63·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·45<break></break>(17·44 to 29·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to hepatitis B</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·54<break></break>(1·17 to 2·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·44<break></break>(1·84 to 3·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 58·98<break></break>(49·73 to 70·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·20<break></break>(20·24 to 36·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·65<break></break>(40·20 to 71·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·78<break></break>(61·00 to 109·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·31<break></break>(44·79 to 66·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·26<break></break>(18·84 to 35·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to hepatitis C</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 106·76<break></break>(93·44 to 121·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 138·75<break></break>(122·40 to 157·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·96<break></break>(23·69 to 37·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·48<break></break>(–0·44 to 10·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3778·13<break></break>(3302·73 to 4345·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4702·15<break></break>(4121·52 to 5404·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·46<break></break>(18·21 to 31·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·04<break></break>(–2·98 to 7·86)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Opioid use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·85<break></break>(60·54 to 81·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86·20<break></break>(72·66 to 94·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·18<break></break>(2·17 to 30·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·48<break></break>(–12·84 to 11·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12 811·42<break></break>(10 013·73 to 15 686·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 781·97<break></break>(11 375·36 to 18 250·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·38<break></break>(11·23 to 19·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·65<break></break>(–2·95 to 4·18)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cocaine use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·24<break></break>(6·34 to 10·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·80<break></break>(7·06 to 11·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·82<break></break>(–1·13 to 16·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·56<break></break>(–17·12 to –1·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1060·25<break></break>(779·98 to 1375·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1153·57<break></break>(846·82 to 1511·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·80<break></break>(5·14 to 12·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·91<break></break>(–8·34 to –1·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Amphetamine use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·47<break></break>(3·56 to 5·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·22<break></break>(4·30 to 6·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·67<break></break>(5·26 to 32·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·15<break></break>(–10·71 to 12·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 833·85<break></break>(566·91 to 1189·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 881·40<break></break>(599·29 to 1242·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·70<break></break>(1·83 to 10·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·68<break></break>(–7·47 to 0·32)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cannabis use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 623·53<break></break>(388·95 to 904·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 646·48<break></break>(400·64 to 944·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·68<break></break>(1·23 to 5·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·19<break></break>(–5·93 to –2·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other drug use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·24<break></break>(33·94 to 44·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·52<break></break>(39·36 to 52·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·89<break></break>(6·86 to 25·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·22<break></break>(–11·47 to 3·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2671·45<break></break>(2234·42 to 3175·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2921·41<break></break>(2424·28 to 3502·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·36<break></break>(3·77 to 14·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·27<break></break>(–9·28 to 0·23)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Self-harm by firearm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·91<break></break>(3·32 to 7·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·40<break></break>(3·70 to 7·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·05<break></break>(2·38 to 17·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·02<break></break>(–11·27 to 1·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 240·29<break></break>(162·77 to 343·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 257·23<break></break>(178·15 to 366·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·05<break></break>(–0·19 to 14·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·28<break></break>(–11·59 to 1·34)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Self-harm by other specified means</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·90<break></break>(22·24 to 46·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·89<break></break>(21·41 to 46·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·07<break></break>(–9·44 to 4·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·34<break></break>(–21·84 to –9·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1631·61<break></break>(1100·19 to 2333·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1549·00<break></break>(1040·55 to 2246·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·06<break></break>(–11·34 to 2·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·13<break></break>(–21·64 to –9·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Dietary risks: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>9263·92</bold><break></break><bold>(7965·82 to 10 628·04)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>10 301·54</bold><break></break><bold>(8795·36 to 11 912·63)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>11·20</bold><break></break><bold>(8·54 to 13·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–16·37</bold><break></break><bold>(–18·22 to –14·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>210 958·84</bold><break></break><bold>(184 793·68 to 239 486·60)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>229 065·54</bold><break></break><bold>(197 533·69 to 262 533·95)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>8·58</bold><break></break><bold>(6·07 to 11·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–15·52</bold><break></break><bold>(–17·39 to –13·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fruits: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2338·84<break></break>(1488·15 to 3345·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2361·20<break></break>(1446·10 to 3447·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(–4·64 to 5·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·86<break></break>(–26·87 to –19·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 61 173·38<break></break>(40 395·88 to 84 837·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60 982·39<break></break>(38 806·06 to 87 349·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·31<break></break>(–5·47 to 3·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·65<break></break>(–25·65 to –18·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Lip and oral cavity cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·96<break></break>(0·00 to 20·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·98<break></break>(0·00 to 25·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·53<break></break>(13·43 to 148·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·53<break></break>(–12·25 to 73·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 247·05<break></break>(0·01 to 557·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 293·30<break></break>(0·01 to 670·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·72<break></break>(–7·12 to 144·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·38<break></break>(–20·76 to 61·24)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Nasopharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·69<break></break>(0·00 to 8·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·64<break></break>(0·00 to 8·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·26<break></break>(–12·22 to 78·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·37<break></break>(–30·72 to 41·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 114·17<break></break>(0·00 to 249·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 107·70<break></break>(0·00 to 242·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·67<break></break>(–16·31 to 62·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·38<break></break>(–32·90 to 46·23)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other pharynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·21<break></break>(0·00 to 13·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·56<break></break>(0·00 to 16·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·82<break></break>(9·01 to 33·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·76<break></break>(–15·57 to 3·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 173·32<break></break>(0·01 to 391·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 205·53<break></break>(0·02 to 451·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·58<break></break>(5·42 to 30·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·90<break></break>(–17·08 to 2·37)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 81·00<break></break>(18·89 to 146·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·59<break></break>(16·58 to 138·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·14<break></break>(–15·59 to –4·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·50<break></break>(–35·29 to –26·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1881·66<break></break>(442·78 to 3381·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1670·32<break></break>(375·53 to 3114·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·23<break></break>(–17·41 to –6·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·32<break></break>(–36·09 to –27·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Larynx cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·35<break></break>(0·00 to 13·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·66<break></break>(0·00 to 14·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·72<break></break>(–2·22 to 16·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·44<break></break>(–24·54 to –4·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 164·55<break></break>(0·01 to 358·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 167·33<break></break>(0·01 to 367·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·69<break></break>(–5·54 to 15·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·88<break></break>(–26·54 to –12·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 147·27<break></break>(57·31 to 247·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 159·12<break></break>(61·41 to 273·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·04<break></break>(2·20 to 12·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·97<break></break>(–21·38 to –13·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3344·09<break></break>(1317·12 to 5603·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3448·19<break></break>(1332·88 to 5928·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·11<break></break>(–2·71 to 7·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·76<break></break>(–24·22 to –16·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 892·64<break></break>(340·23 to 1554·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 966·03<break></break>(348·99 to 1694·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·22<break></break>(3·48 to 12·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·16<break></break>(–21·67 to –15·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20 722·33<break></break>(8039·33 to 35 506·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21 579·73<break></break>(7912·78 to 37 461·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·14<break></break>(–0·42 to 7·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·07<break></break>(–21·50 to –15·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 425·78<break></break>(220·41 to 640·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 409·14<break></break>(209·36 to 633·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·91<break></break>(–9·56 to 0·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·14<break></break>(–31·31 to –23·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 807·82<break></break>(5946·98 to 15 936·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 769·53<break></break>(5810·94 to 16 420·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·35<break></break>(–6·08 to 3·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·01<break></break>(–27·39 to –19·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 669·49<break></break>(357·45 to 1028·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 607·16<break></break>(318·94 to 943·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·31<break></break>(–13·97 to –5·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·80<break></break>(–33·33 to –27·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18 624·46<break></break>(10 254·35 to 28 041·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16 953·42<break></break>(9075·66 to 25 909·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·97<break></break>(–13·26 to –5·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·94<break></break>(–31·29 to –25·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 97·44<break></break>(21·64 to 185·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 117·31<break></break>(26·05 to 226·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·39<break></break>(16·39 to 23·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·47<break></break>(–10·40 to –4·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5093·93<break></break>(1087·22 to 9951·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5787·36<break></break>(1191·75 to 11 487·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·61<break></break>(9·08 to 16·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·24<break></break>(–12·61 to –6·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in vegetables: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1473·57<break></break>(722·80 to 2392·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1519·65<break></break>(717·79 to 2507·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·13<break></break>(–2·27 to 7·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·93<break></break>(–25·70 to –18·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35 185·99<break></break>(17 828·73 to 55 574·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35 489·09<break></break>(17 454·48 to 57 174·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·86<break></break>(–3·84 to 4·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·82<break></break>(–24·32 to –17·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1040·01<break></break>(407·37 to 1823·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1121·42<break></break>(431·72 to 2003·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·83<break></break>(3·88 to 11·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·99<break></break>(–21·88 to –16·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23 371·67<break></break>(9330·74 to 40 305·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24 519·18<break></break>(9683·15 to 42 823·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·91<break></break>(1·30 to 8·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·79<break></break>(–20·53 to –15·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 166·07<break></break>(37·85 to 314·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 158·64<break></break>(36·08 to 301·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·47<break></break>(–9·07 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·64<break></break>(–31·09 to –24·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4235·33<break></break>(981·83 to 7798·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4145·55<break></break>(970·51 to 7782·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·12<break></break>(–6·67 to 2·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·26<break></break>(–27·67 to –20·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 267·49<break></break>(76·09 to 493·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 239·58<break></break>(68·31 to 446·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·43<break></break>(–14·24 to –7·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·59<break></break>(–33·61 to –28·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7578·98<break></break>(2194·05 to 13 820·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6824·37<break></break>(1980·63 to 12 581·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·96<break></break>(–13·45 to –6·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·54<break></break>(–31·26 to –26·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in legumes: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 594·09<break></break>(262·56 to 988·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 672·47<break></break>(288·67 to 1113·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·19<break></break>(9·22 to 17·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·35<break></break>(–18·30 to –12·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 316·19<break></break>(5884·98 to 22 031·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 214·45<break></break>(6113·49 to 23 571·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·75<break></break>(2·54 to 10·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·05<break></break>(–19·24 to –12·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 594·09<break></break>(262·56 to 988·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 672·47<break></break>(288·67 to 1113·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·19<break></break>(9·22 to 17·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·35<break></break>(–18·30 to –12·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 316·19<break></break>(5884·98 to 22 031·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 214·45<break></break>(6113·49 to 23 571·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·75<break></break>(2·54 to 10·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·05<break></break>(–19·24 to –12·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in whole grains: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2253·17<break></break>(1501·70 to 3156·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2498·69<break></break>(1662·92 to 3507·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·90<break></break>(7·75 to 14·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·06<break></break>(–18·29 to –13·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57 301·21<break></break>(38 974·48 to 78 891·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62 596·11<break></break>(42 330·99 to 86 426·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·24<break></break>(6·33 to 12·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·31<break></break>(–16·55 to –12·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1270·67<break></break>(755·80 to 1894·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1457·40<break></break>(862·42 to 2171·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·70<break></break>(11·16 to 18·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·16<break></break>(–16·69 to –11·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27 241·14<break></break>(16 286·00 to 40 251·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29 799·09<break></break>(17 817·53 to 44 415·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·39<break></break>(5·80 to 13·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·50<break></break>(–17·27 to –11·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 333·45<break></break>(212·24 to 475·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 348·95<break></break>(218·28 to 502·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·65<break></break>(0·84 to 8·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·70<break></break>(–23·49 to –17·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8714·95<break></break>(5616·91 to 12 308·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9522·32<break></break>(6076·81 to 13 506·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·26<break></break>(5·36 to 13·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·41<break></break>(–18·38 to –12·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 500·51<break></break>(320·02 to 708·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 505·42<break></break>(325·05 to 712·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·98<break></break>(–1·36 to 3·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·76<break></break>(–23·58 to –19·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 827·83<break></break>(8981·48 to 19 377·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 897·80<break></break>(9065·15 to 19 424·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·51<break></break>(–1·88 to 3·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·32<break></break>(–22·21 to –18·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 148·55<break></break>(79·68 to 232·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 186·92<break></break>(100·27 to 288·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·83<break></break>(23·33 to 28·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·98<break></break>(–5·83 to –2·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7517·29<break></break>(3992·35 to 11 904·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9376·90<break></break>(4975·03 to 14 870·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·74<break></break>(22·77 to 26·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·18<break></break>(–2·79 to 0·60)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in nuts and seeds: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1879·32<break></break>(1192·82 to 2585·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2155·04<break></break>(1349·07 to 2965·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·67<break></break>(11·69 to 17·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·64<break></break>(–15·74 to –11·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44 820·23<break></break>(29 633·64 to 60 259·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49 492·97<break></break>(32 430·01 to 66 636·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·43<break></break>(7·52 to 13·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·32<break></break>(–15·60 to –10·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1764·49<break></break>(1091·76 to 2446·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2011·41<break></break>(1232·19 to 2804·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·99<break></break>(10·84 to 17·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·23<break></break>(–16·49 to –11·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38 955·49<break></break>(24 572·90 to 53 226·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42 449·79<break></break>(26 679·81 to 58 466·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·97<break></break>(5·77 to 12·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·60<break></break>(–17·01 to –12·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 114·84<break></break>(56·65 to 181·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 143·63<break></break>(70·17 to 227·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·08<break></break>(22·53 to 27·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·23<break></break>(–6·13 to –2·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5864·75<break></break>(2906·59 to 9518·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7043·18<break></break>(3475·81 to 11 463·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·09<break></break>(17·73 to 22·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·46<break></break>(–6·22 to –2·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in milk: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·32<break></break>(35·93 to 172·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 123·21<break></break>(45·00 to 213·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·82<break></break>(16·96 to 27·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·13<break></break>(–11·47 to –3·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2168·24<break></break>(770·59 to 3718·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2581·50<break></break>(930·45 to 4435·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·06<break></break>(12·71 to 24·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·45<break></break>(–12·28 to –3·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·32<break></break>(35·93 to 172·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 123·21<break></break>(45·00 to 213·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·82<break></break>(16·96 to 27·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·13<break></break>(–11·47 to –3·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2168·24<break></break>(770·59 to 3718·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2581·50<break></break>(930·45 to 4435·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·06<break></break>(12·71 to 24·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·45<break></break>(–12·28 to –3·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in red meat: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·59<break></break>(10·56 to 36·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·88<break></break>(15·08 to 51·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·16<break></break>(33·97 to 50·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·35<break></break>(1·88 to 14·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 893·25<break></break>(363·00 to 1485·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1247·33<break></break>(508·19 to 2077·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·64<break></break>(33·18 to 47·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·30<break></break>(4·94 to 16·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·29<break></break>(2·60 to 22·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·88<break></break>(3·78 to 32·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·48<break></break>(36·21 to 56·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·72<break></break>(2·77 to 18·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 268·60<break></break>(57·30 to 493·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 377·78<break></break>(80·75 to 679·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·65<break></break>(32·05 to 50·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·01<break></break>(2·19 to 16·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·29<break></break>(1·45 to 18·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·00<break></break>(1·98 to 25·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·00<break></break>(29·34 to 43·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·40<break></break>(–0·81 to 10·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 624·65<break></break>(87·34 to 1153·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 869·55<break></break>(120·69 to 1598·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·21<break></break>(32·22 to 47·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·89<break></break>(5·38 to 17·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in processed meat: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 146·70<break></break>(29·93 to 269·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 139·62<break></break>(29·84 to 271·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·83<break></break>(–15·30 to 5·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·85<break></break>(–36·31 to –21·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3499·30<break></break>(1121·42 to 6024·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3196·04<break></break>(1091·35 to 5836·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·67<break></break>(–19·23 to 2·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·87<break></break>(–36·93 to –20·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·84<break></break>(5·09 to 15·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·28<break></break>(5·24 to 16·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·45<break></break>(–3·10 to 11·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·45<break></break>(–26·99 to –16·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 196·63<break></break>(102·18 to 308·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 194·85<break></break>(98·50 to 321·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·90<break></break>(–8·58 to 6·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·50<break></break>(–29·34 to –17·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 121·78<break></break>(5·27 to 240·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 114·54<break></break>(4·50 to 238·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·94<break></break>(–17·54 to 5·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·84<break></break>(–38·03 to –21·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2421·47<break></break>(107·64 to 4745·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2116·23<break></break>(82·94 to 4522·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·61<break></break>(–24·84 to 0·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·11<break></break>(–41·45 to –22·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·09<break></break>(7·05 to 24·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·80<break></break>(6·45 to 25·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·89<break></break>(–13·21 to 10·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·27<break></break>(–33·73 to –16·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 881·20<break></break>(420·66 to 1466·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 884·96<break></break>(395·86 to 1583·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(–9·91 to 10·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·75<break></break>(–28·79 to –12·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·80<break></break>(11·49 to 29·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·56<break></break>(15·33 to 33·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·77<break></break>(–20·93 to 56·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·36<break></break>(–40·34 to 19·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 605·81<break></break>(401·43 to 932·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 779·51<break></break>(523·90 to 1145·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·67<break></break>(–13·65 to 50·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·96<break></break>(–32·16 to 19·85)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·29<break></break>(0·09 to 0·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·37<break></break>(0·11 to 0·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·96<break></break>(–25·95 to 56·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·48<break></break>(–44·00 to 19·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·08<break></break>(2·10 to 13·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·90<break></break>(2·55 to 17·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·73<break></break>(–26·29 to 51·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·25<break></break>(–41·60 to 17·56)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·36<break></break>(0·21 to 0·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(0·27 to 0·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·23<break></break>(–39·42 to 72·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·20<break></break>(–53·49 to 29·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·10<break></break>(4·86 to 15·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·67<break></break>(6·13 to 14·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·38<break></break>(–40·62 to 73·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·22<break></break>(–53·29 to 33·26)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis B</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·04 to 0·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·16<break></break>(0·07 to 0·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·97<break></break>(–48·94 to 107·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·78<break></break>(–61·11 to 65·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·43<break></break>(1·25 to 9·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·91<break></break>(2·09 to 9·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·11<break></break>(–47·86 to 105·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·74<break></break>(–58·01 to 66·01)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis C</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·04 to 0·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·13<break></break>(0·06 to 0·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·33<break></break>(–26·26 to 72·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·46<break></break>(–42·04 to 30·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·08<break></break>(0·95 to 3·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·77<break></break>(1·23 to 4·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·68<break></break>(–26·61 to 69·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·19<break></break>(–45·21 to 30·56)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·07<break></break>(0·03 to 0·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·09<break></break>(0·04 to 0·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·16<break></break>(–35·40 to 78·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·72<break></break>(–51·04 to 33·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·56<break></break>(0·67 to 3·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·15<break></break>(0·98 to 3·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·92<break></break>(–31·88 to 72·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·05<break></break>(–47·30 to 34·90)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·07<break></break>(0·03 to 0·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·11<break></break>(0·05 to 0·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·23<break></break>(–49·13 to 98·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·78<break></break>(–59·69 to 53·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·05<break></break>(0·74 to 5·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·93<break></break>(1·22 to 5·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·72<break></break>(–40·63 to 97·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·45<break></break>(–56·86 to 57·63)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·10<break></break>(0·06 to 0·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·12<break></break>(0·07 to 0·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·19<break></break>(–26·26 to 53·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·78<break></break>(–44·49 to 16·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·17<break></break>(1·19 to 3·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·56<break></break>(1·49 to 4·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·44<break></break>(–25·82 to 54·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·47<break></break>(–43·46 to 17·51)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pancreatic cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·12<break></break>(0·04 to 0·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·15<break></break>(0·05 to 0·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·30<break></break>(–51·55 to 98·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·06<break></break>(–63·71 to 47·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·64<break></break>(0·91 to 6·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·12<break></break>(1·12 to 5·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·12<break></break>(–53·72 to 96·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·66<break></break>(–65·03 to 47·86)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·15<break></break>(0·06 to 0·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·17<break></break>(0·08 to 0·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·33<break></break>(–56·82 to 109·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·46<break></break>(–67·38 to 58·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·61<break></break>(1·40 to 9·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·14<break></break>(1·92 to 7·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·87<break></break>(–62·30 to 129·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·26<break></break>(–69·56 to 74·33)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Uterine cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·10<break></break>(0·07 to 0·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·13<break></break>(0·09 to 0·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·24<break></break>(–14·19 to 56·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·19<break></break>(–31·40 to 16·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·50<break></break>(1·60 to 3·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·32<break></break>(2·20 to 4·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·82<break></break>(–12·54 to 58·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·48<break></break>(–32·80 to 21·96)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ovarian cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·03<break></break>(0·00 to 0·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·03<break></break>(0·00 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·42<break></break>(–97·18 to 231·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·30<break></break>(–97·63 to 169·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·81<break></break>(0·06 to 2·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·75<break></break>(0·00 to 1·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·10<break></break>(–97·19 to 231·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·75<break></break>(–97·31 to 156·14)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Kidney cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·13<break></break>(0·08 to 0·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·17<break></break>(0·11 to 0·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·51<break></break>(–0·86 to 60·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·17<break></break>(–24·86 to 21·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·08<break></break>(1·96 to 4·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·06<break></break>(2·61 to 6·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·80<break></break>(–2·65 to 56·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·54<break></break>(–25·05 to 22·42)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Thyroid cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·74<break></break>(–45·68 to 71·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·05<break></break>(–56·07 to 32·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·48<break></break>(0·23 to 0·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·58<break></break>(0·31 to 0·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·78<break></break>(–42·37 to 72·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·72<break></break>(–53·99 to 35·78)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Non-Hodgkin lymphoma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·07<break></break>(0·03 to 0·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·08<break></break>(0·04 to 0·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·80<break></break>(–48·12 to 89·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·36<break></break>(–59·15 to 44·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·93<break></break>(0·88 to 3·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·17<break></break>(1·02 to 3·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·11<break></break>(–53·36 to 89·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·92<break></break>(–61·71 to 50·34)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multiple myeloma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·02 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·02 to 0·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·90<break></break>(–36·98 to 86·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·58<break></break>(–52·81 to 40·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·80<break></break>(0·33 to 1·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(0·43 to 1·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·88<break></break>(–41·55 to 79·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·25<break></break>(–53·09 to 39·99)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·01<break></break>(0·01 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·67<break></break>(–42·96 to 84·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·50<break></break>(–52·49 to 49·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·60<break></break>(0·33 to 1·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·72<break></break>(0·44 to 1·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·31<break></break>(–42·71 to 77·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·35<break></break>(–50·81 to 53·90)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·87<break></break>(–40·76 to 59·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·04<break></break>(–56·19 to 17·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·31<break></break>(0·17 to 0·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·34<break></break>(0·20 to 0·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·98<break></break>(–47·66 to 65·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·46<break></break>(–59·33 to 28·08)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·02 to 0·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0· 04<break></break>(0·03 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·64<break></break>(–33·37 to 72·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·40<break></break>(–47·60 to 32·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·08<break></break>(0·62 to 1·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·27<break></break>(0·79 to 2·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·65<break></break>(–34·43 to 64·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·94<break></break>(–45·68 to 33·05)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·01<break></break>(0·01 to 0·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·01<break></break>(0·01 to 0·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·77<break></break>(–55·23 to 31·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·15<break></break>(–64·52 to 1·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·31<break></break>(0·17 to 0·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·26<break></break>(0·16 to 0·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·95<break></break>(–62·20 to 24·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·30<break></break>(–68·51 to 2·27)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·02 to 0·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·04<break></break>(0·02 to 0·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·12<break></break>(–62·16 to 97·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·02<break></break>(–65·44 to 48·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·08<break></break>(0·54 to 3·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·09<break></break>(0·64 to 1·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·35<break></break>(–70·91 to 82·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·40<break></break>(–73·68 to 53·84)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·98<break></break>(3·78 to 9·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·03<break></break>(4·58 to 10·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·56<break></break>(–29·12 to 52·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·34<break></break>(–46·57 to 15·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150·69<break></break>(97·37 to 229·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 176·63<break></break>(116·37 to 263·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·21<break></break>(–23·17 to 43·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·75<break></break>(–40·83 to 13·00)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·09<break></break>(0·61 to 2·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·17<break></break>(0·73 to 1·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·45<break></break>(–54·16 to 58·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·02<break></break>(–66·03 to 20·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·26<break></break>(19·20 to 57·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·59<break></break>(24·19 to 54·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·06<break></break>(–40·45 to 50·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·27<break></break>(–55·99 to 17·68)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·14<break></break>(1·36 to 3·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·47<break></break>(1·65 to 3·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·27<break></break>(–38·70 to 39·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·12<break></break>(–52·40 to 11·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 72·43<break></break>(47·51 to 116·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 84·66<break></break>(57·32 to 122·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·90<break></break>(–28·03 to 35·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·88<break></break>(–42·13 to 11·16)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·94<break></break>(0·53 to 1·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·33<break></break>(0·73 to 2·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·34<break></break>(1·13 to 61·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·33<break></break>(–25·08 to 21·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·35<break></break>(14·24 to 34·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·09<break></break>(18·45 to 46·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·67<break></break>(1·67 to 50·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·72<break></break>(–20·06 to 18·87)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·18<break></break>(0·10 to 0·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·25<break></break>(0·15 to 0·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·03<break></break>(–1·62 to 70·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·79<break></break>(–32·88 to 17·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·37<break></break>(3·13 to 8·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·33<break></break>(4·22 to 11·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·35<break></break>(0·50 to 59·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·11<break></break>(–24·17 to 18·00)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·15<break></break>(0·08 to 0·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·14<break></break>(0·09 to 0·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·48<break></break>(–64·53 to 42·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·38<break></break>(–72·46 to 10·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·00<break></break>(8·45 to 25·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·32<break></break>(10·00 to 28·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·47<break></break>(–28·42 to 40·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·65<break></break>(–40·85 to 18·12)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gallbladder and biliary diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·13<break></break>(0·08 to 0·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·19<break></break>(0·12 to 0·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·16<break></break>(5·28 to 65·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·18<break></break>(–20·39 to 22·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·01<break></break>(1·95 to 4·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·24<break></break>(2·75 to 6·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·81<break></break>(3·82 to 57·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·74<break></break>(–18·83 to 24·22)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·09<break></break>(0·44 to 2·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·57<break></break>(0·66 to 2·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·79<break></break>(–31·20 to 81·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·32<break></break>(–48·85 to 25·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·62<break></break>(5·90 to 27·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·90<break></break>(7·82 to 34·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·78<break></break>(–28·85 to 85·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·35<break></break>(–48·69 to 32·06)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·68<break></break>(1·80 to 3·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·72<break></break>(2·50 to 5·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·65<break></break>(13·79 to 51·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·23<break></break>(–14·28 to 15·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 160·49<break></break>(104·01 to 235·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 228·01<break></break>(146·36 to 338·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·07<break></break>(24·20 to 52·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·03<break></break>(–0·94 to 22·21)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·69<break></break>(0·34 to 1·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·05<break></break>(0·53 to 1·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·91<break></break>(15·47 to 70·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·19<break></break>(–12·15 to 27·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·91<break></break>(9·80 to 37·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·96<break></break>(15·37 to 55·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50·42<break></break>(16·36 to 69·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·99<break></break>(–9·49 to 29·45)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·28<break></break>(0·12 to 0·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(0·18 to 0·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·70<break></break>(–0·59 to 74·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·13<break></break>(–27·47 to 28·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·42<break></break>(3·12 to 10·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·82<break></break>(4·86 to 16·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·91<break></break>(2·60 to 73·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·09<break></break>(–21·34 to 31·55)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·29<break></break>(0·14 to 0·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·43<break></break>(0·20 to 0·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·29<break></break>(22·10 to 61·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·21<break></break>(–7·71 to 21·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·59<break></break>(3·88 to 17·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·85<break></break>(5·67 to 24·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·51<break></break>(18·51 to 60·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·38<break></break>(–7·28 to 24·40)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·30<break></break>(0·14 to 0·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·45<break></break>(0·21 to 0·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·23<break></break>(14·95 to 70·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·60<break></break>(–11·31 to 26·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·12<break></break>(3·96 to 16·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·55<break></break>(5·90 to 24·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·59<break></break>(10·10 to 67·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·55<break></break>(–13·97 to 28·71)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Osteoarthritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·25<break></break>(6·32 to 21·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·50<break></break>(9·15 to 29·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·81<break></break>(–10·75 to 77·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·04<break></break>(–30·98 to 38·72)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Low back pain</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·67<break></break>(12·74 to 49·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·62<break></break>(16·04 to 44·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·69<break></break>(–41·75 to 83·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·98<break></break>(–51·67 to 51·38)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gout</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·82<break></break>(0·94 to 3·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·48<break></break>(1·29 to 4·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·03<break></break>(8·43 to 49·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·54<break></break>(–13·22 to 20·02)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·12<break></break>(0·43 to 3·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·27<break></break>(0·64 to 2·43)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·37<break></break>(–69·99 to 140·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·50<break></break>(–77·20 to 81·95)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in fibre: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 769·74<break></break>(446·50 to 1159·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 877·85<break></break>(502·37 to 1337·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·05<break></break>(10·69 to 17·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·93<break></break>(–16·34 to –11·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18 522·14<break></break>(10 865·99 to 27 596·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20 119·47<break></break>(11 653·46 to 30 430·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·62<break></break>(5·17 to 11·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·06<break></break>(–16·63 to –11·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 77·72<break></break>(39·53 to 121·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 92·53<break></break>(46·61 to 146·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·05<break></break>(13·44 to 23·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·11<break></break>(–14·25 to –6·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1658·67<break></break>(852·86 to 2584·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1905·91<break></break>(965·68 to 3008·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·91<break></break>(8·93 to 19·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·61<break></break>(–15·08 to –6·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 692·02<break></break>(395·74 to 1063·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 785·32<break></break>(440·85 to 1225·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·48<break></break>(9·90 to 16·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·36<break></break>(–16·96 to –11·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16 863·47<break></break>(9820·85 to 25 673·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18 213·56<break></break>(10 409·47 to 28 118·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·01<break></break>(4·25 to 11·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·42<break></break>(–17·20 to –11·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in calcium: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 135·49<break></break>(86·00 to 194·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 159·88<break></break>(101·07 to 232·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·00<break></break>(11·94 to 22·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·61<break></break>(–15·09 to –7·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2935·65<break></break>(1882·89 to 4176·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3353·07<break></break>(2127·08 to 4832·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·22<break></break>(7·84 to 18·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·07<break></break>(–15·93 to –7·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 135·49<break></break>(86·00 to 194·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 159·88<break></break>(101·07 to 232·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·00<break></break>(11·94 to 22·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·61<break></break>(–15·09 to –7·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2935·65<break></break>(1882·89 to 4176·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3353·07<break></break>(2127·08 to 4832·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·22<break></break>(7·84 to 18·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·07<break></break>(–15·93 to –7·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in seafood omega 3 fatty acids: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1347·53<break></break>(575·06 to 2186·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1538·76<break></break>(641·93 to 2518·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·19<break></break>(11·23 to 17·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·43<break></break>(–15·57 to –11·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30 245·39<break></break>(13 187·67 to 48 313·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33 347·84<break></break>(14 222·64 to 53 678·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·26<break></break>(7·23 to 13·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·56<break></break>(–15·86 to –11·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1347·53<break></break>(575·06 to 2186·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1538·76<break></break>(641·93 to 2518·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·19<break></break>(11·23 to 17·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·43<break></break>(–15·57 to –11·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30 245·39<break></break>(13 187·67 to 48 313·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33 347·84<break></break>(14 222·64 to 53 678·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·26<break></break>(7·23 to 13·38)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·56<break></break>(–15·86 to –11·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet low in polyunsaturated fatty acids: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 373·71<break></break>(152·88 to 579·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 404·13<break></break>(167·80 to 628·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·14<break></break>(1·10 to 15·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·99<break></break>(–24·21 to –13·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8077·08<break></break>(3337·50 to 12 512·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8351·81<break></break>(3443·29 to 12 916·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·40<break></break>(–2·82 to 10·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·99<break></break>(–23·72 to –13·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 373·71<break></break>(152·88 to 579·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 404·13<break></break>(167·80 to 628·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·14<break></break>(1·10 to 15·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·99<break></break>(–24·21 to –13·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8077·08<break></break>(3337·50 to 12 512·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8351·81<break></break>(3443·29 to 12 916·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·40<break></break>(–2·82 to 10·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·99<break></break>(–23·72 to –13·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in trans fatty acids: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 236·27<break></break>(80·11 to 490·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 223·64<break></break>(62·82 to 513·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·34<break></break>(–25·31 to 5·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·61<break></break>(–44·81 to –21·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5426·02<break></break>(1751·02 to 11 428·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5111·02<break></break>(1348·61 to 11 683·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·81<break></break>(–24·90 to 4·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·47<break></break>(–41·85 to –18·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 236·27<break></break>(80·11 to 490·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 223·64<break></break>(62·82 to 513·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·34<break></break>(–25·31 to 5·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·61<break></break>(–44·81 to –21·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5426·02<break></break>(1751·02 to 11 428·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5111·02<break></break>(1348·61 to 11 683·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·81<break></break>(–24·90 to 4·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·47<break></break>(–41·85 to –18·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Diet high in sodium: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2093·86<break></break>(641·82 to 4027·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2310·47<break></break>(654·70 to 4498·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·35<break></break>(1·14 to 14·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –17·24<break></break>(–23·87 to –14·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44 080·70<break></break>(14 013·37 to 84 853·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47 567·08<break></break>(14 436·69 to 92 411·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·91<break></break>(0·83 to 11·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·81<break></break>(–22·41 to –14·20)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Stomach cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 87·78<break></break>(29·91 to 169·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82·00<break></break>(25·89 to 164·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·58<break></break>(–19·18 to 0·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –28·70<break></break>(–37·72 to –24·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1858·76<break></break>(665·42 to 3570·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1677·96<break></break>(551·88 to 3313·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·73<break></break>(–21·11 to –2·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –30·26<break></break>(–38·59 to –25·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Rheumatic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·85<break></break>(5·42 to 40·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·56<break></break>(4·21 to 36·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·11<break></break>(–24·41 to –3·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·10<break></break>(–41·39 to –26·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 508·22<break></break>(141·81 to 1117·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 433·72<break></break>(110·18 to 999·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·66<break></break>(–26·19 to –7·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –31·92<break></break>(–41·31 to –26·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 933·02<break></break>(228·66 to 1899·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1097·91<break></break>(271·71 to 2220·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·67<break></break>(12·33 to 22·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·43<break></break>(–16·13 to –8·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18 024·31<break></break>(4595·42 to 37 082·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20 494·46<break></break>(5230·42 to 41 448·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·70<break></break>(9·53 to 19·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·58<break></break>(–15·65 to –8·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 298·64<break></break>(87·80 to 607·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 312·00<break></break>(88·62 to 643·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·48<break></break>(–3·00 to 9·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·85<break></break>(–27·22 to –18·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6331·08<break></break>(2048·13 to 12 479·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6939·12<break></break>(2243·57 to 13 630·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·60<break></break>(4·34 to 14·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·53<break></break>(–20·56 to –12·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 462·49<break></break>(172·54 to 842·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 432·53<break></break>(147·88 to 808·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·48<break></break>(–16·08 to –1·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·05<break></break>(–36·48 to –25·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 650·45<break></break>(3995·11 to 19 583·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9962·38<break></break>(3520·25 to 18 774·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·46<break></break>(–14·68 to –2·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·53<break></break>(–34·08 to –24·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 142·05<break></break>(27·30 to 351·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 181·96<break></break>(33·21 to 464·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·10<break></break>(2·03 to 45·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·27<break></break>(–24·95 to 6·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2731·43<break></break>(670·95 to 6388·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3298·57<break></break>(730·16 to 7748·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·76<break></break>(1·85 to 35·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·33<break></break>(–22·43 to 3·79)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other cardiomyopathy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·66<break></break>(2·22 to 23·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·52<break></break>(2·32 to 28·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·39<break></break>(–3·70 to 28·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·88<break></break>(–28·39 to –2·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 242·84<break></break>(51·24 to 538·45)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 270·46<break></break>(53·89 to 606·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·38<break></break>(–5·12 to 20·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·68<break></break>(–26·01 to –5·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·26<break></break>(2·54 to 25·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·56<break></break>(3·33 to 35·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·19<break></break>(25·76 to 43·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·98<break></break>(–9·57 to 1·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 382·36<break></break>(95·58 to 800·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 501·90<break></break>(124·45 to 1052·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·26<break></break>(25·19 to 34·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·58<break></break>(–4·89 to 2·57)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Aortic aneurysm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·57<break></break>(2·18 to 20·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·02<break></break>(2·31 to 24·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·18<break></break>(2·55 to 21·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·17<break></break>(–22·38 to –9·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 184·54<break></break>(43·83 to 391·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 204·79<break></break>(44·97 to 436·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·97<break></break>(–0·89 to 17·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·32<break></break>(–23·42 to –9·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·88<break></break>(0·25 to 4·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·51<break></break>(0·34 to 6·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·19<break></break>(16·18 to 51·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·46<break></break>(–14·44 to 10·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50·71<break></break>(9·14 to 121·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62·48<break></break>(10·88 to 148·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·20<break></break>(11·72 to 32·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·07<break></break>(–15·48 to –0·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Endocarditis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·12<break></break>(0·77 to 9·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·16<break></break>(0·90 to 12·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·41<break></break>(14·57 to 30·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·45<break></break>(–13·78 to –1·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 92·56<break></break>(16·37 to 222·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 111·10<break></break>(18·80 to 270·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·04<break></break>(11·39 to 25·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·37<break></break>(–13·40 to –1·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other cardiovascular and circulatory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·97<break></break>(6·67 to 64·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·19<break></break>(7·06 to 77·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·10<break></break>(–1·52 to 21·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·37<break></break>(–25·64 to –9·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 866·90<break></break>(215·87 to 1874·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 970·65<break></break>(226·05 to 2134·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·97<break></break>(0·73 to 17·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·89<break></break>(–21·61 to –8·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·25<break></break>(9·51 to 82·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·89<break></break>(10·61 to 105·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·21<break></break>(10·95 to 29·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·22<break></break>(–15·38 to –2·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1047·19<break></break>(279·10 to 2297·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1269·79<break></break>(302·82 to 2829·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·26<break></break>(8·49 to 25·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·96<break></break>(–15·38 to –2·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·28<break></break>(5·93 to 50·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·37<break></break>(7·11 to 66·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·44<break></break>(17·26 to 35·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·36<break></break>(–12·78 to –1·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 497·97<break></break>(135·51 to 1054·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 626·30<break></break>(162·35 to 1355·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·77<break></break>(15·42 to 29·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·23<break></break>(–11·72 to –1·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·03<break></break>(1·35 to 19·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·84<break></break>(1·48 to 24·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·57<break></break>(8·58 to 26·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·75<break></break>(–16·15 to –4·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 241·64<break></break>(42·80 to 581·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 282·61<break></break>(47·47 to 682·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·95<break></break>(5·24 to 20·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·52<break></break>(–15·54 to –5·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Chronic kidney disease due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·03<break></break>(2·72 to 33·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·43<break></break>(3·17 to 44·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·38<break></break>(15·39 to 36·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·84<break></break>(–13·73 to 1·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 369·73<break></break>(73·40 to 902·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 460·78<break></break>(84·25 to 1145·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·62<break></break>(11·02 to 28·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·97<break></break>(–13·68 to –0·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>2</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Sexual abuse and violence: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>149·42</bold><break></break><bold>(94·83 to 204·16)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>73·83</bold><break></break><bold>(53·79 to 94·09)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–50·59</bold><break></break><bold>(–54·93 to –41·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–57·82</bold><break></break><bold>(–61·57 to –50·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>11 095·59</bold><break></break><bold>(8127·52 to 13 985·73)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>8201·58</bold><break></break><bold>(6354·86 to 10 332·83)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–26·08</bold><break></break><bold>(–34·79 to –15·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> <bold>–36·15</bold><break></break><bold>(–43·53 to –27·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Childhood sexual abuse: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·98<break></break>(6·58 to 11·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·74<break></break>(6·40 to 11·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·66<break></break>(–13·60 to 10·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·18<break></break>(–28·78 to –10·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2495·64<break></break>(1766·89 to 3377·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2748·30<break></break>(1920·53 to 3735·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·12<break></break>(7·71 to 12·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·09<break></break>(–8·31 to –4·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Alcohol use disorders</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·98<break></break>(6·58 to 11·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·74<break></break>(6·40 to 11·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·66<break></break>(–13·60 to 10·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·18<break></break>(–28·78 to –10·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 814·13<break></break>(574·56 to 1131·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 854·71<break></break>(596·52 to 1200·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·98<break></break>(–1·17 to 10·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·40<break></break>(–15·87 to –5·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Major depressive disorder</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1681·51<break></break>(1101·62 to 2354·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1893·59<break></break>(1235·31 to 2667·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·61<break></break>(11·02 to 14·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·04<break></break>(–5·26 to –2·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Intimate partner violence: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 140·45<break></break>(86·78 to 194·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·09<break></break>(44·85 to 85·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –53·65<break></break>(–57·43 to –45·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –60·39<break></break>(–63·74 to –53·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8702·76<break></break>(6067·70 to 11 437·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5575·29<break></break>(4224·54 to 7079·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –35·94<break></break>(–43·21 to –25·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·53<break></break>(–50·72 to –35·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drug-susceptible HIV/AIDS–tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·36<break></break>(12·66 to 43·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·23<break></break>(4·43 to 14·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –64·97<break></break>(–67·40 to –62·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –70·87<break></break>(–72·90 to –68·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1146·54<break></break>(540·62 to 1916·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 423·59<break></break>(203·21 to 687·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –63·05<break></break>(–65·77 to –59·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –68·63<break></break>(–70·89 to –65·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multidrug-resistant HIV/AIDS–tuberculosis without extensive drug resistance</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·07<break></break>(0·93 to 3·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·71<break></break>(0·32 to 1·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –65·82<break></break>(–72·96 to –56·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –71·63<break></break>(–77·56 to –64·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 88·64<break></break>(39·75 to 152·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·67<break></break>(14·10 to 54·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –64·27<break></break>(–71·71 to –54·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –69·71<break></break>(–75·98 to –61·51)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Extensively drug-resistant HIV/AIDS - tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·02<break></break>(0·01 to 0·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·96<break></break>(–2·84 to 32·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·23<break></break>(–18·41 to 11·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·96<break></break>(0·42 to 1·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·12<break></break>(0·48 to 1·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·38<break></break>(–0·88 to 36·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·47<break></break>(–15·26 to 16·38)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> HIV/AIDS resulting in other diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 84·54<break></break>(43·40 to 129·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·10<break></break>(16·08 to 47·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –63·22<break></break>(–66·05 to –59·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –68·71<break></break>(–71·09 to –65·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4027·09<break></break>(2046·13 to 6160·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1584·24<break></break>(814·13 to 2425·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –60·66<break></break>(–63·52 to –57·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –66·07<break></break>(–68·50 to –63·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Maternal abortion, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·11<break></break>(2·45 to 6·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·00<break></break>(1·75 to 4·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·02<break></break>(–36·19 to –17·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –34·53<break></break>(–42·83 to –25·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 233·81<break></break>(137·40 to 351·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 170·68<break></break>(97·12 to 270·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –27·00<break></break>(–35·84 to –17·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –34·18<break></break>(–42·23 to –25·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Major depressive disorder</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1582·91<break></break>(966·13 to 2381·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1870·82<break></break>(1146·94 to 2801·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·19<break></break>(15·62 to 21·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·74<break></break>(–3·69 to 0·18)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by firearm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·73<break></break>(3·09 to 5·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·77<break></break>(3·13 to 6·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·75<break></break>(–8·07 to 24·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·75<break></break>(–18·39 to 9·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 250·39<break></break>(163·69 to 295·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 246·14<break></break>(163·72 to 308·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·70<break></break>(–10·63 to 22·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·98<break></break>(–19·00 to 10·46)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by sharp object</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·88<break></break>(4·69 to 8·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·00<break></break>(4·41 to 7·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·69<break></break>(–23·31 to 21·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·39<break></break>(–32·53 to 6·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 367·54<break></break>(255·41 to 435·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 314·12<break></break>(235·32 to 404·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·54<break></break>(–24·84 to 18·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·58<break></break>(–32·59 to 5·48)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Sexual violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 291·29<break></break>(191·88 to 418·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 298·83<break></break>(195·75 to 428·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·59<break></break>(0·69 to 4·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·63<break></break>(–7·90 to –5·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by other means</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·73<break></break>(8·71 to 14·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·26<break></break>(8·02 to 13·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·56<break></break>(–24·54 to 5·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·23<break></break>(–33·65 to –7·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 713·59<break></break>(558·79 to 866·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 634·08<break></break>(509·27 to 793·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·14<break></break>(–22·12 to 4·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·79<break></break>(–30·38 to –7·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Unsafe sex: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1799·64<break></break>(1709·98 to 1892·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1100·90<break></break>(1048·42 to 1148·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·83<break></break>(–40·96 to –36·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·76<break></break>(–49·54 to –45·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 86 860·81<break></break>(81 591·84 to 92 234·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54 603·03<break></break>(51 340·06 to 58 075·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·14<break></break>(–39·35 to –34·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·34<break></break>(–47·21 to –43·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drug-susceptible HIV/AIDS–tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 363·54<break></break>(244·52 to 481·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 177·41<break></break>(121·51 to 236·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–51·20<break></break>(–54·00 to –48·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –58·56<break></break>(–60·94 to –56·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17 186·87<break></break>(11 569·46 to 22 809·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8948·63<break></break>(6232·62 to 11 865·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –47·93<break></break>(–50·95 to –44·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –54·73<break></break>(–57·35 to –51·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multidrug-resistant HIV/AIDS–tuberculosis without extensive drug resistance</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·65<break></break>(18·73 to 45·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·52<break></break>(8·81 to 21·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –52·62<break></break>(–61·10 to –42·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –59·80<break></break>(–67·03 to –51·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1423·49<break></break>(866·21 to 2131·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 714·22<break></break>(433·23 to 1064·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –49·83<break></break>(–58·78 to –39·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –56·42<break></break>(–64·22 to –47·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Extensively drugresistant HIV/AIDS–tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·52<break></break>(0·33 to 0·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·77<break></break>(0·47 to 1·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·49<break></break>(29·74 to 70·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·46<break></break>(11·27 to 46·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·64<break></break>(15·40 to 37·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·82<break></break>(22·60 to 56·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·44<break></break>(30·40 to 72·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·37<break></break>(13·77 to 50·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> HIV/AIDS resulting in other diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1165·31<break></break>(1020·87 to 1330·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 652·04<break></break>(578·82 to 729·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·05<break></break>(–46·83 to –40·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">–51·77<break></break>(–54·17 to –49·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 58 595·06<break></break>(51 311·35 to 66 970·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">34 615·61<break></break>(30 661·75 to 38 960·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –40·92<break></break>(–43·71 to –37·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –48·30<break></break>(–50·71 to –45·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Syphilis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·31<break></break>(2·85 to 3·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·02<break></break>(2·55 to 3·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·89<break></break>(–18·77 to 9·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –24·89<break></break>(–33·13 to –9·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 277·24<break></break>(229·80 to 328·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 305·18<break></break>(247·07 to 367·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·08<break></break>(1·88 to 18·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·03<break></break>(–14·11 to –0·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chlamydial infection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·24<break></break>(0·99 to 1·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·19<break></break>(0·98 to 1·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·51<break></break>(–11·73 to 12·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·70<break></break>(–26·52 to –7·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 519·31<break></break>(341·24 to 781·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 562·13<break></break>(370·06 to 850·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·25<break></break>(5·89 to 10·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·33<break></break>(–5·56 to –1·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gonococcal infection</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·51<break></break>(2·81 to 3·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·37<break></break>(2·76 to 3·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·05<break></break>(–11·10 to 12·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·87<break></break>(–26·48 to –7·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 581·90<break></break>(412·15 to 823·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 674·77<break></break>(467·35 to 974·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·96<break></break>(10·35 to 21·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·68<break></break>(–2·71 to 7·83)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Trichomoniasis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 170·83<break></break>(65·10 to 361·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 198·07<break></break>(75·83 to 420·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·95<break></break>(14·84 to 17·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·82<break></break>(0·94 to 2·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Genital herpes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 187·73<break></break>(60·91 to 427·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 221·21<break></break>(71·15 to 506·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·84<break></break>(15·47 to 19·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·16<break></break>(–1·64 to 1·54)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other sexually transmitted diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·73<break></break>(1·40 to 1·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·63<break></break>(1·35 to 1·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·92<break></break>(–12·96 to 11·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·03<break></break>(–26·82 to –7·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 858·99<break></break>(589·04 to 1221·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 942·39<break></break>(643·29 to 1348·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·71<break></break>(7·38 to 12·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·62<break></break>(–4·83 to –0·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cervical cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 229·83<break></break>(195·46 to 245·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 246·95<break></break>(203·95 to 263·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·45<break></break>(1·21 to 15·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·99<break></break>(–20·69 to –9·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7034·76<break></break>(5873·55 to 7509·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7384·00<break></break>(6014·77 to 7862·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·96<break></break>(–1·30 to 13·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·71<break></break>(–20·76 to –9·21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low physical activity: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1159·60<break></break>(607·84 to 1790·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1373·34<break></break>(717·65 to 2084·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·43<break></break>(–7·89 to 55·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·88<break></break>(–31·98 to 13·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21 078·75<break></break>(11 156·78 to 32 368·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24 315·86<break></break>(12 811·32 to 36 604·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·36<break></break>(–12·15 to 55·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·79<break></break>(–32·55 to 18·47)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·87<break></break>(1·07 to 50·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·51<break></break>(1·28 to 61·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·21<break></break>(–46·00 to 212·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·42<break></break>(–59·11 to 136·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 411·01<break></break>(23·10 to 991·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 488·61<break></break>(26·82 to 1183·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·88<break></break>(–48·29 to 205·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·33<break></break>(–59·81 to 136·94)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·71<break></break>(0·04 to 14·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·85<break></break>(0·03 to 17·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·97<break></break>(–19·98 to 88·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·88<break></break>(–38·58 to 44·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 175·07<break></break>(1·05 to 388·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 200·14<break></break>(0·80 to 440·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·33<break></break>(–24·10 to 90·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·01<break></break>(–39·82 to 49·21)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 835·44<break></break>(347·97 to 1353·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1005·58<break></break>(425·31 to 1640·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·37<break></break>(–6·38 to 58·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·49<break></break>(–30·93 to 15·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 658·37<break></break>(6114·10 to 23 953·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16 943·23<break></break>(7260·81 to 27 786·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·59<break></break>(–11·49 to 54·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·42<break></break>(–31·91 to 18·08)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 267·12<break></break>(53·52 to 511·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 295·28<break></break>(49·52 to 562·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·54<break></break>(–19·06 to 49·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·82<break></break>(–40·33 to 9·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4725·12<break></break>(1026·32 to 9141·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5268·62<break></break>(938·08 to 10 006·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·50<break></break>(–18·88 to 54·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·63<break></break>(–38·34 to 16·18)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·46<break></break>(7·36 to 52·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·12<break></break>(8·65 to 71·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·80<break></break>(–11·95 to 104·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·40<break></break>(–33·63 to 52·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1109·18<break></break>(248·01 to 2082·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1415·26<break></break>(312·14 to 2604·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·59<break></break>(–17·68 to 104·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·58<break></break>(–35·47 to 58·06)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>1</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold>Metabolic risks: all causes</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 14 834·47</bold><break></break><bold>(13 966·55 to 15 690·95)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 17 493·53</bold><break></break><bold>(16 427·65 to 18 524·26)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 17·92</bold><break></break><bold>(15·73 to 20·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –11·86</bold><break></break><bold>(–13·47 to –9·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 348 438·17</bold><break></break><bold>(324 520·78 to 374 936·88)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 401 813·92</bold><break></break><bold>(372 407·65 to 434 394·06)</bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> 15·32</bold><break></break><bold>(13·16 to 17·52)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><bold> –10·29</bold><break></break><bold>(–11·98 to –8·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></bold></td></tr><tr><td colspan="10" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"><hr></hr></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High fasting plasma glucose: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4700·40<break></break>(3722·99 to 5906·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5612·45<break></break>(4457·29 to 6987·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·40<break></break>(15·54 to 23·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·32<break></break>(–13·29 to –7·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 123 096·04<break></break>(102 887·96 to 146 660·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 144 088·58<break></break>(119 872·60 to 171 585·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·05<break></break>(13·94 to 19·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·83<break></break>(–11·35 to –6·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Drug-susceptible tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 125·08<break></break>(78·55 to 175·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 99·60<break></break>(62·39 to 140·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·36<break></break>(–24·38 to –16·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·14<break></break>(–40·10 to –34·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4013·77<break></break>(2581·12 to 5546·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3126·64<break></break>(2002·75 to 4288·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·10<break></break>(–25·60 to –18·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –37·09<break></break>(–39·78 to –34·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis without extensive drug resistance</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·50<break></break>(7·74 to 18·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·80<break></break>(5·32 to 12·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –29·61<break></break>(–36·56 to –22·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –44·21<break></break>(–49·66 to –38·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 394·88<break></break>(253·40 to 557·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 266·97<break></break>(168·75 to 375·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –32·39<break></break>(–38·90 to –25·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –45·28<break></break>(–50·42 to –39·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·54<break></break>(0·33 to 0·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·94<break></break>(0·58 to 1·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·66<break></break>(50·32 to 101·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·94<break></break>(20·01 to 59·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·18<break></break>(10·63 to 24·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·42<break></break>(17·68 to 40·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·41<break></break>(42·36 to 90·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·13<break></break>(15·91 to 54·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·54<break></break>(11·36 to 101·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 56·18<break></break>(13·51 to 122·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·70<break></break>(15·48 to 25·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·50<break></break>(–13·53 to –5·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 884·79<break></break>(208·91 to 1926·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1047·94<break></break>(242·88 to 2300·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·44<break></break>(13·03 to 23·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·42<break></break>(–13·57 to –5·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·01<break></break>(2·06 to 23·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·82<break></break>(2·44 to 26·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·12<break></break>(13·22 to 22·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·69<break></break>(–12·24 to –5·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 247·67<break></break>(51·70 to 571·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 279·35<break></break>(58·20 to 649·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·79<break></break>(7·38 to 17·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·62<break></break>(–15·55 to –7·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pancreatic cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·37<break></break>(4·71 to 46·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·75<break></break>(6·10 to 60·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·86<break></break>(26·27 to 33·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·11<break></break>(–4·96 to 0·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 406·22<break></break>(90·54 to 891·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 518·70<break></break>(115·69 to 1142·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·69<break></break>(24·05 to 30·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·46<break></break>(–5·20 to 0·04)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·11<break></break>(22·74 to 219·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 117·06<break></break>(26·22 to 256·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·93<break></break>(13·75 to 19·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·83<break></break>(–13·19 to –8·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2028·69<break></break>(457·34 to 4483·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2304·26<break></break>(517·29 to 5093·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·58<break></break>(10·25 to 16·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·74<break></break>(–15·22 to –10·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·09<break></break>(4·93 to 59·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·03<break></break>(5·96 to 69·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·94<break></break>(11·73 to 26·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·02<break></break>(–15·31 to –4·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 637·43<break></break>(120·29 to 1460·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 749·77<break></break>(144·08 to 1694·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·62<break></break>(9·76 to 25·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·95<break></break>(–14·91 to –2·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ovarian cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·11<break></break>(1·53 to 19·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·01<break></break>(1·88 to 23·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·40<break></break>(18·12 to 28·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·84<break></break>(–10·75 to –3·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 182·64<break></break>(34·17 to 438·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 226·27<break></break>(41·63 to 545·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·89<break></break>(18·46 to 29·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·00<break></break>(–9·13 to –1·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Bladder cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·79<break></break>(2·22 to 23·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·47<break></break>(2·80 to 29·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·87<break></break>(20·66 to 28·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·86<break></break>(–10·10 to –3·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 185·65<break></break>(37·01 to 413·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 225·37<break></break>(45·96 to 501·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·39<break></break>(16·66 to 25·27)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·62<break></break>(–11·16 to –4·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1576·70<break></break>(935·55 to 2479·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1883·33<break></break>(1104·82 to 2942·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·45<break></break>(13·37 to 25·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·29<break></break>(–15·21 to –7·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29 401·46<break></break>(18 681·34 to 45 481·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33 937·53<break></break>(21 184·55 to 51 236·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·43<break></break>(10·21 to 20·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·40<break></break>(–15·50 to –7·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 449·06<break></break>(229·48 to 849·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 472·53<break></break>(246·22 to 879·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·23<break></break>(–1·90 to 12·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –21·44<break></break>(–26·20 to –17·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8810·40<break></break>(4539·51 to 14 964·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9467·73<break></break>(5021·42 to 15 876·46)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·46<break></break>(0·60 to 13·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·27<break></break>(–23·34 to –13·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 484·34<break></break>(304·87 to 745·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 473·30<break></break>(301·08 to 720·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·28<break></break>(–8·77 to 3·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·71<break></break>(–30·75 to –21·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 790·83<break></break>(6746·12 to 15 844·21)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 638·08<break></break>(6692·27 to 15 613·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·42<break></break>(–7·28 to 3·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –23·88<break></break>(–28·89 to –19·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·67<break></break>(6·23 to 12·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·73<break></break>(8·71 to 17·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·33<break></break>(24·67 to 48·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·51<break></break>(–9·98 to 6·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 213·89<break></break>(150·72 to 302·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 271·68<break></break>(195·01 to 383·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·02<break></break>(21·52 to 34·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·49<break></break>(–8·52 to 1·11)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 123·02<break></break>(26·35 to 274·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 174·35<break></break>(37·30 to 388·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·73<break></break>(38·26 to 45·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·20<break></break>(–3·44 to 1·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1584·88<break></break>(330·04 to 3563·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2138·24<break></break>(445·48 to 4857·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·92<break></break>(32·10 to 37·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·28<break></break>(–3·30 to 1·10)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1095·53<break></break>(1065·39 to 1121·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1436·26<break></break>(1401·25 to 1469·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·10<break></break>(28·92 to 33·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·87<break></break>(–2·52 to 0·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45 947·41<break></break>(38 659·07 to 54 662·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57 175·71<break></break>(47 919·49 to 68 211·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·44<break></break>(22·70 to 26·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·66<break></break>(–3·03 to –0·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 384·78<break></break>(349·87 to 418·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 500·41<break></break>(452·11 to 543·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·05<break></break>(26·18 to 32·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·63<break></break>(–3·43 to 1·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 723·50<break></break>(10 608·16 to 12 883·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 649·82<break></break>(13 196·95 to 16 191·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·96<break></break>(21·91 to 27·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·37<break></break>(–3·51 to 0·51)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 103·23<break></break>(70·71 to 134·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 135·31<break></break>(92·80 to 176·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·08<break></break>(24·95 to 37·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·63<break></break>(–7·93 to 0·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2165·18<break></break>(1452·61 to 2857·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2724·97<break></break>(1827·82 to 3615·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·85<break></break>(20·11 to 31·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·20<break></break>(–8·66 to 0·03)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·94<break></break>(28·57 to 57·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·38<break></break>(36·92 to 73·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·63<break></break>(21·53 to 31·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·73<break></break>(–7·53 to 0·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1251·76<break></break>(815·12 to 1731·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1519·82<break></break>(1004·85 to 2100·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·42<break></break>(17·17 to 25·92)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·39<break></break>(–7·34 to –1·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 71·01<break></break>(48·20 to 94·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 94·20<break></break>(63·89 to 125·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·66<break></break>(26·70 to 38·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·15<break></break>(–4·43 to 3·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1866·69<break></break>(1234·98 to 2533·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2346·56<break></break>(1566·99 to 3183·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·71<break></break>(20·33 to 30·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·03<break></break>(–6·05 to 1·77)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Glaucoma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·15<break></break>(5·71 to 58·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·85<break></break>(7·75 to 78·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·62<break></break>(31·92 to 37·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·52<break></break>(–0·42 to 3·66)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 315·98<break></break>(65·93 to 735·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 410·89<break></break>(85·82 to 961·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·04<break></break>(27·58 to 32·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·16<break></break>(–3·06 to 1·06)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High total cholesterol: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3802·10<break></break>(2971·09 to 4832·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4392·51<break></break>(3374·22 to 5619·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·53<break></break>(11·51 to 19·77)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·14<break></break>(–16·62 to –11·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 83 976·46<break></break>(70 004·69 to 98 804·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 93 844·03<break></break>(78 027·31 to 111 266·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·75<break></break>(8·59 to 15·13)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·29<break></break>(–15·68 to –10·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3343·63<break></break>(2597·25 to 4187·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3896·10<break></break>(2982·29 to 4940·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·52<break></break>(12·29 to 20·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·22<break></break>(–15·68 to –10·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73 403·57<break></break>(61 220·12 to 86 047·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 82 187·03<break></break>(68 385·19 to 96 854·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·97<break></break>(8·76 to 15·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·88<break></break>(–15·33 to –10·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 458·46<break></break>(185·09 to 924·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 496·40<break></break>(196·69 to 990·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·28<break></break>(1·92 to 14·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·63<break></break>(–23·82 to –17·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 572·88<break></break>(6206·10 to 17 681·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 657·00<break></break>(6791·38 to 19 428·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·25<break></break>(6·20 to 14·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·02<break></break>(–19·10 to –12·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High systolic blood pressure: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9083·07<break></break>(8209·73 to 9963·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10 455·86<break></break>(9381·88 to 11 507·49)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·11<break></break>(12·53 to 18·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·05<break></break>(–15·90 to –11·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 188 635·23<break></break>(171 004·50 to 205 178·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 212 105·09<break></break>(191 466·22 to 230 661·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·44<break></break>(10·03 to 15·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·27<break></break>(–15·09 to –11·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Rheumatic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85·51<break></break>(58·24 to 126·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 80·86<break></break>(55·41 to 124·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·43<break></break>(–12·76 to 3·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –26·92<break></break>(–32·20 to –20·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2412·32<break></break>(1643·79 to 3500·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2234·54<break></break>(1547·75 to 3250·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·37<break></break>(–13·42 to 0·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –25·82<break></break>(–30·59 to –19·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4476·47<break></break>(3732·81 to 5193·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5261·72<break></break>(4374·30 to 6188·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·54<break></break>(14·19 to 21·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·69<break></break>(–14·94 to –10·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85 975·47<break></break>(74 665·22 to 97 205·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 97 886·68<break></break>(84 378·88 to 110 500·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·85<break></break>(10·72 to 17·14)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·44<break></break>(–14·77 to –9·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1283·00<break></break>(989·81 to 1551·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1372·51<break></break>(1053·44 to 1670·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·98<break></break>(3·05 to 11·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·42<break></break>(–23·09 to –17·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25 564·17<break></break>(20 155·09 to 29 832·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28 119·95<break></break>(21 993·71 to 32 960·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·00<break></break>(6·27 to 13·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –16·42<break></break>(–19·14 to –13·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1636·18<break></break>(1343·27 to 1897·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1672·64<break></break>(1375·89 to 1947·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·23<break></break>(–0·33 to 4·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –22·45<break></break>(–24·32 to –20·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37 920·74<break></break>(31 833·70 to 43 655·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38 611·64<break></break>(32 491·61 to 44 204·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·82<break></break>(–0·41 to 4·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·91<break></break>(–22·79 to –19·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 694·18<break></break>(579·81 to 760·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 893·14<break></break>(698·18 to 982·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·66<break></break>(14·46 to 42·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·39<break></break>(–14·79 to 5·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 562·97<break></break>(11 596·54 to 15 040·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16 323·95<break></break>(13 447·14 to 17 832·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·36<break></break>(10·19 to 32·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·60<break></break>(–14·56 to 2·76)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other cardiomyopathy</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·64<break></break>(44·14 to 77·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 74·93<break></break>(54·83 to 95·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·56<break></break>(16·20 to 31·99)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·84<break></break>(–13·17 to –1·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1352·53<break></break>(1021·85 to 1642·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1599·77<break></break>(1242·11 to 1935·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·28<break></break>(11·07 to 26·29)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·37<break></break>(–12·73 to –1·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 61·68<break></break>(45·24 to 81·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85·31<break></break>(62·06 to 113·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·31<break></break>(33·98 to 42·56)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·78<break></break>(–5·10 to –0·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1865·37<break></break>(1396·49 to 2444·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2439·54<break></break>(1822·85 to 3211·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·78<break></break>(28·89 to 32·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·52<break></break>(–2·73 to –0·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Aortic aneurysm</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·01<break></break>(40·98 to 60·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·10<break></break>(48·02 to 72·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·81<break></break>(13·84 to 22·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·62<break></break>(–14·32 to –8·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 961·55<break></break>(799·00 to 1113·52)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1100·81<break></break>(930·12 to 1274·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·48<break></break>(10·15 to 19·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·71<break></break>(–14·92 to –7·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·49<break></break>(8·26 to 18·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·55<break></break>(10·89 to 25·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·49<break></break>(20·21 to 47·35)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·83<break></break>(–12·82 to 5·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 290·81<break></break>(199·85 to 436·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 360·60<break></break>(246·52 to 530·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·00<break></break>(17·02 to 32·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·80<break></break>(–11·75 to –0·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Endocarditis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·33<break></break>(19·02 to 32·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·12<break></break>(24·85 to 42·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·76<break></break>(25·24 to 36·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·38<break></break>(–5·39 to 2·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 589·46<break></break>(447·95 to 744·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 745·71<break></break>(570·49 to 942·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·51<break></break>(21·03 to 31·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·16<break></break>(–4·21 to 4·17)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other cardiovascular and circulatory diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 174·04<break></break>(148·57 to 214·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 208·84<break></break>(177·87 to 255·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·00<break></break>(15·44 to 25·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·49<break></break>(–13·75 to –6·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4740·48<break></break>(3978·63 to 5703·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5577·83<break></break>(4690·60 to 6705·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·66<break></break>(14·21 to 22·09)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·60<break></break>(–11·32 to –5·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 176·23<break></break>(128·84 to 227·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 233·70<break></break>(170·75 to 301·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·61<break></break>(29·00 to 35·48)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·06<break></break>(–2·77 to 1·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4755·11<break></break>(3375·01 to 6163·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6154·78<break></break>(4359·36 to 7973·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·44<break></break>(26·62 to 32·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·01<break></break>(–2·10 to 1·78)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 222·32<break></break>(199·99 to 248·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 299·48<break></break>(268·03 to 335·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·71<break></break>(30·47 to 38·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·96<break></break>(–3·95 to 1·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5166·00<break></break>(4517·97 to 5842·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6602·34<break></break>(5756·41 to 7488·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·80<break></break>(24·67 to 30·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·02<break></break>(–3·31 to 0·87)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·82<break></break>(34·20 to 62·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·17<break></break>(42·74 to 78·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·83<break></break>(22·33 to 29·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·69<break></break>(–6·90 to –2·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1443·70<break></break>(1010·81 to 1931·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1739·55<break></break>(1207·79 to 2320·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·49<break></break>(17·59 to 23·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·97<break></break>(–6·98 to –2·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 76·17<break></break>(51·67 to 99·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 102·79<break></break>(69·50 to 135·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·95<break></break>(30·99 to 38·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·84<break></break>(–1·83 to 3·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2034·56<break></break>(1366·91 to 2688·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2607·39<break></break>(1738·64 to 3467·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·16<break></break>(25·16 to 31·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·11<break></break>(–2·27 to 1·77)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">High body-mass index: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3519·12<break></break>(2136·48 to 5165·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4525·10<break></break>(2867·22 to 6434·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·59<break></break>(23·43 to 35·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·71<break></break>(–6·52 to 2·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 105 257·57<break></break>(65 833·95 to 150 547·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 135 381·33<break></break>(88 608·73 to 187 363·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·62<break></break>(23·09 to 36·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·88<break></break>(–3·40 to 7·02)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Oesophageal cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 57·66<break></break>(18·86 to 112·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 70·33<break></break>(22·52 to 133·63)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·97<break></break>(11·96 to 36·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·97<break></break>(–14·64 to 3·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1357·91<break></break>(431·31 to 2647·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1622·45<break></break>(516·51 to 3060·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·48<break></break>(9·83 to 33·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·80<break></break>(–15·24 to 3·26)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Colon and rectum cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 49·63<break></break>(26·72 to 79·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 65·11<break></break>(35·86 to 102·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·19<break></break>(25·23 to 38·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·94<break></break>(–5·50 to 4·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1075·85<break></break>(579·66 to 1714·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1394·02<break></break>(775·82 to 2160·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·57<break></break>(22·96 to 37·66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·04<break></break>(–4·94 to 6·05)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis B</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·37<break></break>(8·91 to 55·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·72<break></break>(13·44 to 74·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·05<break></break>(31·18 to 64·94)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·96<break></break>(2·72 to 28·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 782·13<break></break>(261·88 to 1631·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1078·26<break></break>(379·06 to 2124·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·86<break></break>(25·99 to 60·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·01<break></break>(0·61 to 27·39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to hepatitis C</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·00<break></break>(6·11 to 28·01)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·21<break></break>(8·95 to 38·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·40<break></break>(33·58 to 52·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·97<break></break>(1·14 to 15·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 328·28<break></break>(134·34 to 602·47)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 459·82<break></break>(197·62 to 813·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·07<break></break>(31·65 to 52·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·44<break></break>(1·26 to 16·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to alcohol use</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·43<break></break>(4·52 to 21·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·59<break></break>(6·67 to 31·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·18<break></break>(35·92 to 58·24)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·99<break></break>(3·90 to 20·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 265·54<break></break>(104·88 to 498·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 383·17<break></break>(157·32 to 707·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 44·30<break></break>(34·95 to 57·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·45<break></break>(4·17 to 21·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Liver cancer due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·98<break></break>(4·98 to 31·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·93<break></break>(7·78 to 43·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·36<break></break>(35·51 to 64·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·85<break></break>(5·45 to 27·54)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 415·44<break></break>(136·60 to 884·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 586·63<break></break>(208·44 to 1183·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·21<break></break>(29·77 to 61·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·10<break></break>(3·36 to 27·26)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·19<break></break>(10·00 to 31·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·23<break></break>(12·96 to 38·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·31<break></break>(20·46 to 33·91)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·19<break></break>(–9·47 to 0·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 398·83<break></break>(206·71 to 659·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 501·99<break></break>(271·35 to 804·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·87<break></break>(19·54 to 33·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·50<break></break>(–8·43 to 2·52)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pancreatic cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·09<break></break>(6·73 to 32·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·80<break></break>(9·45 to 45·36)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·31<break></break>(33·12 to 46·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·04<break></break>(0·00 to 10·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 355·53<break></break>(132·75 to 689·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 488·30<break></break>(185·48 to 937·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·34<break></break>(31·04 to 44·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·41<break></break>(0·50 to 11·10)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Breast cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·50<break></break>(9·01 to 45·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·14<break></break>(14·17 to 61·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·33<break></break>(26·71 to 66·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·49<break></break>(–7·17 to 17·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 478·48<break></break>(134·90 to 931·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 696·82<break></break>(241·06 to 1278·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·63<break></break>(28·58 to 100·78)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·33<break></break>(–6·57 to 30·51)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Uterine cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·33<break></break>(16·84 to 34·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·98<break></break>(22·02 to 42·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·29<break></break>(17·00 to 39·60)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·35<break></break>(–11·15 to 5·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 616·37<break></break>(406·52 to 852·11)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 777·06<break></break>(534·09 to 1037·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26·07<break></break>(16·24 to 39·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –2·75<break></break>(–10·14 to 7·44)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ovarian cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·96<break></break>(–0·06 to 8·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·16<break></break>(–0·08 to 11·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·36<break></break>(21·79 to 40·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·87<break></break>(–7·38 to 6·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 100·08<break></break>(–1·45 to 221·53)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 130·91<break></break>(–2·01 to 284·65)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·81<break></break>(22·13 to 41·76)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·63<break></break>(–5·03 to 10·00)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Kidney cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·46<break></break>(10·70 to 28·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·80<break></break>(14·55 to 37·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·35<break></break>(28·83 to 41·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·72<break></break>(–2·45 to 6·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 414·68<break></break>(240·63 to 629·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 545·45<break></break>(324·36 to 818·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·53<break></break>(25·96 to 38·50)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·48<break></break>(–2·72 to 6·69)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Thyroid cancer</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·91<break></break>(1·43 to 5·04)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·99<break></break>(2·04 to 6·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·08<break></break>(28·94 to 47·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·67<break></break>(–1·57 to 12·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 75·91<break></break>(37·37 to 132·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 104·28<break></break>(53·14 to 180·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·39<break></break>(29·21 to 48·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·53<break></break>(1·34 to 15·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Non-Hodgkin lymphoma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·76<break></break>(3·45 to 15·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·11<break></break>(4·73 to 21·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·22<break></break>(32·55 to 44·75)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·46<break></break>(1·16 to 10·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 214·81<break></break>(83·04 to 391·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 295·53<break></break>(117·37 to 532·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·58<break></break>(31·28 to 43·90)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·27<break></break>(3·38 to 13·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Multiple myeloma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·86<break></break>(2·10 to 8·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·66<break></break>(2·89 to 11·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·06<break></break>(31·43 to 44·71)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·30<break></break>(–1·17 to 9·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 103·69<break></break>(45·00 to 186·13)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 142·21<break></break>(62·40 to 249·59)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·15<break></break>(31·41 to 45·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·30<break></break>(0·94 to 11·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·59<break></break>(0·75 to 2·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·22<break></break>(1·11 to 3·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·14<break></break>(29·44 to 48·47)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·63<break></break>(3·24 to 17·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 53·85<break></break>(25·63 to 93·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·29<break></break>(36·49 to 125·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36·10<break></break>(26·03 to 46·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·10<break></break>(3·94 to 19·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic lymphoid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·36<break></break>(1·18 to 3·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·92<break></break>(1·50 to 4·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·58<break></break>(17·80 to 31·41)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·23<break></break>(–13·00 to –2·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 45·52<break></break>(22·50 to 75·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 55·53<break></break>(28·44 to 89·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·98<break></break>(15·87 to 30·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·69<break></break>(–11·35 to –0·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Acute myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·65<break></break>(2·33 to 7·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·22<break></break>(3·15 to 10·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·79<break></break>(28·67 to 40·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·44<break></break>(–0·54 to 8·61)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 119·03<break></break>(59·43 to 197·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 156·14<break></break>(79·64 to 253·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·17<break></break>(26·04 to 38·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·62<break></break>(0·50 to 10·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic myeloid leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·50<break></break>(0·74 to 2·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·56<break></break>(0·79 to 2·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·86<break></break>(–0·97 to 9·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·41<break></break>(–24·02 to –15·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38·75<break></break>(18·95 to 66·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·64<break></break>(20·22 to 66·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·32<break></break>(–2·78 to 8·83)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·45<break></break>(–22·36 to –13·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other leukaemia</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·65<break></break>(2·63 to 9·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·91<break></break>(3·43 to 11·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·36<break></break>(13·74 to 33·25)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·39<break></break>(–11·58 to 2·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 150·74<break></break>(68·70 to 270·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 175·88<break></break>(86·80 to 306·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·67<break></break>(6·35 to 30·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·03<break></break>(–13·63 to 3·83)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1288·03<break></break>(750·54 to 1915·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1592·33<break></break>(949·29 to 2325·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·62<break></break>(18·28 to 31·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·63<break></break>(–10·33 to –1·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30 281·04<break></break>(18 069·07 to 44 440·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36 991·70<break></break>(22 899·69 to 52 749·96)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·16<break></break>(17·05 to 29·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·63<break></break>(–8·58 to 1·24)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 283·31<break></break>(157·87 to 446·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 318·39<break></break>(179·56 to 494·72)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·38<break></break>(6·06 to 21·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –14·52<break></break>(–19·22 to –8·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7636·97<break></break>(4439·93 to 11 465·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9139·16<break></break>(5520·94 to 13 559·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·67<break></break>(13·90 to 27·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·74<break></break>(–12·19 to –1·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 517·26<break></break>(299·18 to 797·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 592·91<break></break>(364·88 to 872·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·63<break></break>(7·65 to 24·31)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·40<break></break>(–15·68 to –2·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 913·88<break></break>(9447·13 to 23 465·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18 284·39<break></break>(11 769·74 to 25 665·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·90<break></break>(7·94 to 24·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·36<break></break>(–13·89 to –0·19)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hypertensive heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 215·62<break></break>(115·71 to 340·33)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 300·81<break></break>(162·11 to 482·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·51<break></break>(23·49 to 54·97)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·14<break></break>(–6·93 to 14·90)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4745·65<break></break>(2865·31 to 6909·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6328·03<break></break>(3954·75 to 8998·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·34<break></break>(20·77 to 46·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·67<break></break>(–6·03 to 13·90)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Atrial fibrillation and flutter</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·66<break></break>(15·59 to 50·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·15<break></break>(23·86 to 74·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50·50<break></break>(44·68 to 57·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·01<break></break>(0·15 to 9·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 847·22<break></break>(424·79 to 1434·95)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1206·94<break></break>(614·35 to 2008·58)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·46<break></break>(38·94 to 47·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·27<break></break>(3·63 to 10·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Asthma</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 50·50<break></break>(26·16 to 85·76)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60·27<break></break>(33·27 to 99·29)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·33<break></break>(9·60 to 32·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·72<break></break>(–15·43 to 2·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3096·98<break></break>(1685·64 to 5065·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3888·00<break></break>(2214·88 to 6203·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25·54<break></break>(19·00 to 34·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·23<break></break>(–2·03 to 11·64)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gallbladder and biliary diseases</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·65<break></break>(14·01 to 33·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·11<break></break>(20·15 to 44·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37·32<break></break>(30·32 to 47·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·35<break></break>(–3·54 to 8·56)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 478·24<break></break>(295·15 to 708·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 634·28<break></break>(413·77 to 904·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32·63<break></break>(25·47 to 42·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·09<break></break>(–2·47 to 10·47)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 185·54<break></break>(67·16 to 358·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 286·44<break></break>(106·50 to 545·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·38<break></break>(48·77 to 62·72)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·35<break></break>(2·04 to 13·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2357·11<break></break>(900·89 to 4607·68)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3493·12<break></break>(1387·03 to 6739·85)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·20<break></break>(43·46 to 55·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·68<break></break>(4·04 to 13·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 390·47<break></break>(263·53 to 530·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 553·44<break></break>(386·74 to 727·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·74<break></break>(35·95 to 49·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·24<break></break>(3·84 to 14·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20 585·42<break></break>(13 617·44 to 29 152·97)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28 645·74<break></break>(19 660·88 to 39 287·38)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 39·16<break></break>(33·19 to 47·36)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·31<break></break>(5·57 to 16·73)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 98·46<break></break>(43·76 to 164·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 146·40<break></break>(65·81 to 237·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·69<break></break>(39·03 to 60·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·65<break></break>(7·32 to 19·88)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3124·61<break></break>(1338·04 to 5247·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4566·00<break></break>(2050·51 to 7410·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·13<break></break>(38·14 to 58·53)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·04<break></break>(7·74 to 20·08)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·69<break></break>(18·11 to 89·54)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 73·45<break></break>(26·32 to 135·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 54·03<break></break>(38·50 to 66·89)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·85<break></break>(7·10 to 23·44)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1176·40<break></break>(503·88 to 2012·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1785·47<break></break>(805·84 to 2934·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·77<break></break>(41·13 to 65·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·47<break></break>(9·33 to 24·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·93<break></break>(13·32 to 52·67)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 41·71<break></break>(18·41 to 69·06)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·87<break></break>(25·53 to 45·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·81<break></break>(–1·47 to 7·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1032·52<break></break>(417·03 to 1809·69)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1358·82<break></break>(567·29 to 2326·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·60<break></break>(25·38 to 40·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·51<break></break>(–0·63 to 8·87)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 42·14<break></break>(18·81 to 71·07)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 62·11<break></break>(26·60 to 104·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 47·39<break></break>(32·26 to 59·95)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·26<break></break>(5·17 to 18·01)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1301·30<break></break>(581·61 to 2232·05)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1867·87<break></break>(883·35 to 3113·60)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 43·54<break></break>(35·86 to 54·17)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11·97<break></break>(7·12 to 18·59)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Osteoarthritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2173·98<break></break>(1045·13 to 3867·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3225·98<break></break>(1624·93 to 5586·80)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 48·39<break></break>(42·88 to 57·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·18<break></break>(11·04 to 21·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Low back pain</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2684·27<break></break>(1366·73 to 4685·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3630·51<break></break>(1919·27 to 6254·44)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·25<break></break>(30·07 to 42·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9·39<break></break>(5·70 to 14·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gout</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 229·32<break></break>(105·94 to 410·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 321·88<break></break>(154·53 to 568·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·37<break></break>(35·33 to 47·42)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·69<break></break>(6·98 to 16·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cataract</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 201·26<break></break>(82·62 to 397·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 306·06<break></break>(132·21 to 586·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52·08<break></break>(45·72 to 61·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·83<break></break>(10·93 to 23·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Low bone mineral density: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 341·07<break></break>(288·70 to 360·77)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 441·23<break></break>(374·93 to 466·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·37<break></break>(24·07 to 34·07)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·78<break></break>(–9·63 to –2·34)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9412·32<break></break>(8030·50 to 11 131·37)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 955·49<break></break>(10 090·79 to 14 196·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·02<break></break>(23·65 to 29·65)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·07<break></break>(–5·68 to –1·03)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Pedestrian road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 40·74<break></break>(38·39 to 43·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 46·93<break></break>(44·13 to 49·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·20<break></break>(9·02 to 18·80)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –13·11<break></break>(–17·62 to –10·45)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1094·99<break></break>(979·92 to 1226·14)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1293·53<break></break>(1143·70 to 1463·75)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·13<break></break>(12·36 to 21·58)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·69<break></break>(–12·96 to –6·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Cyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·17<break></break>(4·64 to 5·66)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·03<break></break>(5·44 to 6·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·64<break></break>(11·21 to 23·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·21<break></break>(–14·32 to –5·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 343·04<break></break>(267·55 to 438·99)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 447·83<break></break>(343·84 to 583·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·55<break></break>(26·30 to 34·15)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·26<break></break>(–1·80 to 3·89)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motorcyclist road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·60<break></break>(7·58 to 9·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·61<break></break>(9·08 to 11·55)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·37<break></break>(16·31 to 29·85)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·30<break></break>(–8·74 to 1·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 516·37<break></break>(422·92 to 630·17)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 665·90<break></break>(537·39 to 824·92)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28·96<break></break>(24·64 to 32·55)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·63<break></break>(–1·65 to 4·24)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Motor vehicle road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·15<break></break>(26·52 to 32·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33·42<break></break>(30·60 to 37·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·65<break></break>(10·86 to 20·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –12·30<break></break>(–15·19 to –8·05)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1053·30<break></break>(916·84 to 1212·20)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1227·50<break></break>(1055·45 to 1420·62)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·54<break></break>(13·17 to 21·00)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·15<break></break>(–11·70 to –5·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other road injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·11<break></break>(0·97 to 1·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1·34<break></break>(1·19 to 1·71)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·66<break></break>(10·56 to 35·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –10·20<break></break>(–17·75 to 1·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 85·10<break></break>(62·48 to 115·48)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 129·35<break></break>(92·12 to 178·79)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 51·99<break></break>(46·52 to 56·32)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·84<break></break>(12·28 to 20·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other transport injuries</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·41<break></break>(6·74 to 7·98)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·91<break></break>(8·22 to 10·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·29<break></break>(13·83 to 28·79)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·50<break></break>(–13·44 to –2·28)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 330·22<break></break>(273·06 to 402·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 394·33<break></break>(321·20 to 482·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19·41<break></break>(15·51 to 24·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·29<break></break>(–10·26 to –3·74)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Falls</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 237·28<break></break>(186·55 to 254·10)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 321·08<break></break>(254·50 to 344·23)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35·32<break></break>(28·08 to 41·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·51<break></break>(–8·60 to 0·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5306·53<break></break>(4397·57 to 6284·03)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6968·79<break></break>(5750·97 to 8276·40)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31·32<break></break>(26·75 to 34·67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·34<break></break>(–4·93 to 1·31)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Other exposure to mechanical forces</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6·42<break></break>(5·21 to 6·94)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·62<break></break>(5·85 to 8·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18·75<break></break>(11·69 to 23·63)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·15<break></break>(–16·26 to –7·33)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 401·92<break></break>(305·39 to 523·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 513·05<break></break>(380·93 to 681·19)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·65<break></break>(23·66 to 30·49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·40<break></break>(–4·33 to 0·74)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Non-venomous animal contact</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·68<break></break>(0·53 to 0·88)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·76<break></break>(0·59 to 1·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12·06<break></break>(4·71 to 23·04)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·81<break></break>(–21·13 to –7·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·55<break></break>(16·66 to 27·50)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·45<break></break>(18·15 to 30·34)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·80<break></break>(3·65 to 14·68)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·77<break></break>(–19·71 to –11·18)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Assault by other means</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·91<break></break>(3·13 to 4·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4·14<break></break>(3·51 to 5·31)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·95<break></break>(–3·67 to 21·09)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –18·19<break></break>(–25·57 to –7·12)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 236·94<break></break>(182·44 to 304·08)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 268·81<break></break>(204·14 to 351·16)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13·45<break></break>(7·54 to 19·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·45<break></break>(–15·88 to –6·82)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Forces of nature, conflict and terrorism, and state actor violence</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·60<break></break>(0·40 to 0·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 0·37<break></break>(0·21 to 0·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –38·05<break></break>(–56·98 to –20·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –51·96<break></break>(–66·57 to –38·70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·35<break></break>(13·90 to 36·70)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22·95<break></break>(10·58 to 47·82)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·68<break></break>(–28·79 to 30·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·58<break></break>(–43·89 to 1·64)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Impaired kidney function: all causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2108·45<break></break>(1943·12 to 2277·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2554·21<break></break>(2346·59 to 2766·51)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21·14<break></break>(18·37 to 23·96)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –9·08<break></break>(–10·89 to –7·16)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 52 009·54<break></break>(48 088·99 to 55 861·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 60 482·18<break></break>(55 678·63 to 65 319·35)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16·29<break></break>(13·87 to 18·61)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –8·10<break></break>(–9·94 to –6·30)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic heart disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 753·35<break></break>(627·96 to 868·81)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 906·02<break></break>(749·80 to 1056·12)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20·27<break></break>(15·84 to 24·87)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·91<break></break>(–14·40 to –9·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13 095·90<break></break>(11 202·99 to 14 872·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15 068·46<break></break>(12 896·50 to 17 267·64)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15·06<break></break>(11·42 to 18·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –11·75<break></break>(–14·21 to –9·06)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ischaemic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 201·59<break></break>(153·59 to 247·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 219·00<break></break>(164·95 to 274·84)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·63<break></break>(2·78 to 14·64)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·04<break></break>(–22·23 to –15·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4041·29<break></break>(3235·99 to 4810·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4478·73<break></break>(3577·63 to 5417·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10·82<break></break>(6·20 to 15·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –15·45<break></break>(–18·71 to –12·11)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Haemorrhagic stroke</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 227·29<break></break>(185·54 to 269·78)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 236·16<break></break>(191·40 to 283·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3·91<break></break>(0·62 to 7·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –20·50<break></break>(–22·52 to –18·46)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5431·74<break></break>(4452·60 to 6455·91)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5578·78<break></break>(4537·14 to 6686·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·71<break></break>(–0·10 to 5·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –19·77<break></break>(–21·70 to –17·83)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Peripheral vascular disease</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5·64<break></break>(3·81 to 8·18)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7·32<break></break>(4·82 to 11·42)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29·76<break></break>(16·19 to 45·98)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –4·33<break></break>(–12·92 to 6·28)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 170·24<break></break>(121·08 to 237·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 210·83<break></break>(147·41 to 296·25)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23·84<break></break>(16·07 to 32·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –5·65<break></break>(–11·04 to 0·58)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 384·78<break></break>(349·87 to 418·93)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 500·41<break></break>(452·11 to 543·57)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30·05<break></break>(26·18 to 32·84)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·63<break></break>(–3·43 to 1·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11 723·50<break></break>(10 608·16 to 12 883·32)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14 649·82<break></break>(13 196·95 to 16 191·89)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24·96<break></break>(21·91 to 27·57)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·37<break></break>(–3·51 to 0·51)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 222·32<break></break>(199·99 to 248·86)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 299·48<break></break>(268·03 to 335·26)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·71<break></break>(30·47 to 38·02)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·96<break></break>(–3·95 to 1·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5166·00<break></break>(4517·97 to 5842·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6602·34<break></break>(5756·41 to 7488·87)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·80<break></break>(24·67 to 30·62)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –1·02<break></break>(–3·31 to 0·87)</td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to glomerulonephritis</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 127·88<break></break>(114·79 to 143·00)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 149·99<break></break>(133·07 to 168·74)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17·29<break></break>(13·77 to 20·69)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –6·33<break></break>(–8·54 to –4·22)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5463·57<break></break>(4839·64 to 6152·24)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5927·94<break></break>(5222·09 to 6740·39)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8·50<break></break>(5·53 to 11·81)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –7·67<break></break>(–9·80 to –5·37)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Chronic kidney disease due to other causes</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 185·61<break></break>(164·22 to 208·15)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 235·84<break></break>(206·86 to 266·27)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27·06<break></break>(23·30 to 30·93)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –0·92<break></break>(–3·46 to 1·41)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6815·19<break></break>(6057·76 to 7656·73)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7827·49<break></break>(6911·39 to 8843·22)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14·85<break></break>(11·59 to 18·40)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> –3·98<break></break>(–6·26 to –1·43)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Gout</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ··</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 102·11<break></break>(70·04 to 141·30)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 137·78<break></break>(94·34 to 190·02)</td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34·93<break></break>(32·98 to 36·86)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td><td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2·87<break></break>(1·60 to 4·23)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref></td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="TFN9"><p id="P93">Data in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals. DALYs=disability-adjusted life-years.</p></fn><fn id="TFN10"><label>*</label><p id="P94">Statistically significant increase or decrease.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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