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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Non-linear education gradient across the nutrition transition: mothers’ overweight and the population education transition</title><author><name sortKey="Haram, Jeon" sort="Haram, Jeon" uniqKey="Haram J" first="Jeon" last="Haram">Jeon Haram</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salinas, Daniel" sort="Salinas, Daniel" uniqKey="Salinas D" first="Daniel" last="Salinas">Daniel Salinas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, David P" sort="Baker, David P" uniqKey="Baker D" first="David P" last="Baker">David P. Baker</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26054756</idno><idno type="pmc">4640944</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4640944</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4640944</idno><idno type="doi">10.1017/S1368980015001640</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002042</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002042</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Non-linear education gradient across the nutrition transition: mothers’ overweight and the population education transition</title><author><name sortKey="Haram, Jeon" sort="Haram, Jeon" uniqKey="Haram J" first="Jeon" last="Haram">Jeon Haram</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salinas, Daniel" sort="Salinas, Daniel" uniqKey="Salinas D" first="Daniel" last="Salinas">Daniel Salinas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, David P" sort="Baker, David P" uniqKey="Baker D" first="David P" last="Baker">David P. Baker</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Public health nutrition</title><idno type="ISSN">1368-9800</idno><idno type="eISSN">1475-2727</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title><p id="P1">Previous studies found that developed and developing countries present opposite education-overweight gradients but have not considered the dynamics at different levels of national development. A U-inverted curve is hypothesized to best describe the education-overweight association. It is also hypothesized that as the nutrition transition unfolds within nations the shape of education-overweight curve change.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Design</title><p id="P2">Multi-level logistic regression estimates the moderating effect of the nutrition transition at the population level on education-overweight gradient. At the individual level, a non-linear estimate of the education association assesses the optimal functional form of the association across the nutrition transition.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Setting</title><p id="P3">Twenty-two administrations of the Demographic and Health Survey, collected at different time points across the nutrition transition in nine Latin American/Caribbean countries.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Subjects</title><p id="P4">Mothers of reproductive age (15–49) in each administration (n 143,258).</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Results</title><p id="P5">In the pooled sample, a non-linear education gradient on mothers‘ overweight is found; each additional year of schooling increases the probability of being overweight up to the end of primary schooling, after which each additional year of schooling decreases the probability of overweight. Also, as access to diets of high animal fats and sweeteners increases over time, the curve‘s critical point moves to lower education levels, the detrimental positive effect of education diminishes, and both occur as the overall risk of overweight increases with greater access to harmful diets.</p></sec><sec id="S6"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P6">Both hypotheses are supported. As the nutrition transition progresses, the education-overweight curve steadily shifts to a negative linear association with higher average risk of overweight; and education, at increasingly lower levels, acts as a “social vaccine” against increasing risk of overweight. These empirical patterns fit the general “population education transition” (PET) curve hypothesis about how education influences on health risks are contextualized across population transitions.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9808463</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">21444</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Public Health Nutr</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Public Health Nutr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Public health nutrition</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1368-9800</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1475-2727</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26054756</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4640944</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1017/S1368980015001640</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS700114</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Non-linear education gradient across the nutrition transition: mothers’ overweight and the population education transition</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Haram</surname><given-names>Jeon</given-names></name><email>hyj5044@psu.edu</email><aff id="A1">Education Policy Studies, Pennsylvania State University, 300 Rackley, University Park, PA 16802, USA</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Salinas</surname><given-names>Daniel</given-names></name><aff id="A2">Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Directorate of Education and Skills, Paris, France</aff></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baker</surname><given-names>David P</given-names></name><aff id="A3">Education Policy Studies & Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA</aff></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>24</day><month>7</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>17</issue><fpage>3172</fpage><lpage>3182</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1017/S1368980015001640</pmc-comment>
<abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title><p id="P1">Previous studies found that developed and developing countries present opposite education-overweight gradients but have not considered the dynamics at different levels of national development. A U-inverted curve is hypothesized to best describe the education-overweight association. It is also hypothesized that as the nutrition transition unfolds within nations the shape of education-overweight curve change.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Design</title><p id="P2">Multi-level logistic regression estimates the moderating effect of the nutrition transition at the population level on education-overweight gradient. At the individual level, a non-linear estimate of the education association assesses the optimal functional form of the association across the nutrition transition.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Setting</title><p id="P3">Twenty-two administrations of the Demographic and Health Survey, collected at different time points across the nutrition transition in nine Latin American/Caribbean countries.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Subjects</title><p id="P4">Mothers of reproductive age (15–49) in each administration (n 143,258).</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Results</title><p id="P5">In the pooled sample, a non-linear education gradient on mothers‘ overweight is found; each additional year of schooling increases the probability of being overweight up to the end of primary schooling, after which each additional year of schooling decreases the probability of overweight. Also, as access to diets of high animal fats and sweeteners increases over time, the curve‘s critical point moves to lower education levels, the detrimental positive effect of education diminishes, and both occur as the overall risk of overweight increases with greater access to harmful diets.</p></sec><sec id="S6"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P6">Both hypotheses are supported. As the nutrition transition progresses, the education-overweight curve steadily shifts to a negative linear association with higher average risk of overweight; and education, at increasingly lower levels, acts as a “social vaccine” against increasing risk of overweight. These empirical patterns fit the general “population education transition” (PET) curve hypothesis about how education influences on health risks are contextualized across population transitions.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Mothers‘ Overweight</kwd><kwd>Education</kwd><kwd>Nutrition Transition</kwd><kwd>Population Education Health curve</kwd><kwd>Latin America</kwd><kwd>Obesity Risk</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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