The Status of HIV Testing and Counseling in Kenya: Results From a Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey
Identifieur interne : 001923 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001922; suivant : 001924The Status of HIV Testing and Counseling in Kenya: Results From a Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey
Auteurs : Anne Ng Ng ; Wanjiru Waruiru ; Carol Ngare ; Victor Ssempijja ; Thomas Gachuki ; Inviolata Njoroge ; Patricia Oluoch ; Davies O. Kimanga ; William K. Maina ; Rex Mpazanje ; Andrea A. KimSource :
- Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) [ 1525-4135 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
HIV testing and counseling (HTC) is essential for successful HIV prevention and treatment programs. The national target for HTC is 80% of the adult population in Kenya. Population-based data to measure progress towards this HTC target are needed to assess the country’s changing needs for HIV prevention and treatment.
In 2012–2013, we conducted a national HIV survey among Kenyans aged 18 months to 64 years. Respondents aged 15–64 years were administered a questionnaire that collected information on demographics, HIV testing behavior, and self-reported HIV status. Blood samples were collected for HIV testing in a central laboratory. Participants were offered home-based testing and counseling to learn their HIV status in the home and point-of-care CD4 testing if they tested HIV-positive.
Of 13,720 adults who were interviewed, 71.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 70.2 to 73.1] had been tested for HIV. Among those, 56.1% (95% CI: 52.8 to 59.4) had been tested in the past year, 69.4% (95% CI: 68.0 to 70.8) had been tested more than once, and 37.2% (95% CI: 35.7 to 38.8) had been tested with a partner. Fifty-three percent (95% CI: 47.6 to 58.7) of HIV-infected persons were unaware of their infection. Overall 9874 (72.0%) of participants accepted home-based HIV testing and counseling; 4.1% (95% CI: 3.3 to 4.9) tested HIV-positive, and of those, 42.5% (95% CI 31.4 to 53.6) were in need of immediate treatment for their HIV infection but not receiving it.
HIV testing rates have nearly reached the national target for HTC in Kenya. However, knowledge of HIV status among HIV-infected persons remains low. HTC needs to be expanded to reach more men and couples, and strategies are needed to increase repeat testing for persons at risk for HIV infection.
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DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000102
PubMed: 24732818
PubMed Central: 4786172
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Status of HIV Testing and Counseling in Kenya: Results From a Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey</title><author><name sortKey="Ng Ng, Anne" sort="Ng Ng, Anne" uniqKey="Ng Ng A" first="Anne" last="Ng Ng">Anne Ng Ng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waruiru, Wanjiru" sort="Waruiru, Wanjiru" uniqKey="Waruiru W" first="Wanjiru" last="Waruiru">Wanjiru Waruiru</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ngare, Carol" sort="Ngare, Carol" uniqKey="Ngare C" first="Carol" last="Ngare">Carol Ngare</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ssempijja, Victor" sort="Ssempijja, Victor" uniqKey="Ssempijja V" first="Victor" last="Ssempijja">Victor Ssempijja</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gachuki, Thomas" sort="Gachuki, Thomas" uniqKey="Gachuki T" first="Thomas" last="Gachuki">Thomas Gachuki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">National Public Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Njoroge, Inviolata" sort="Njoroge, Inviolata" uniqKey="Njoroge I" first="Inviolata" last="Njoroge">Inviolata Njoroge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Liverpool Voluntary Counselling and Testing, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oluoch, Patricia" sort="Oluoch, Patricia" uniqKey="Oluoch P" first="Patricia" last="Oluoch">Patricia Oluoch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kimanga, Davies O" sort="Kimanga, Davies O" uniqKey="Kimanga D" first="Davies O." last="Kimanga">Davies O. Kimanga</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maina, William K" sort="Maina, William K" uniqKey="Maina W" first="William K." last="Maina">William K. Maina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mpazanje, Rex" sort="Mpazanje, Rex" uniqKey="Mpazanje R" first="Rex" last="Mpazanje">Rex Mpazanje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">National Public Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Andrea A" sort="Kim, Andrea A" uniqKey="Kim A" first="Andrea A." last="Kim">Andrea A. Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24732818</idno><idno type="pmc">4786172</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4786172</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4786172</idno><idno type="doi">10.1097/QAI.0000000000000102</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001923</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001923</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Status of HIV Testing and Counseling in Kenya: Results From a Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey</title><author><name sortKey="Ng Ng, Anne" sort="Ng Ng, Anne" uniqKey="Ng Ng A" first="Anne" last="Ng Ng">Anne Ng Ng</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Waruiru, Wanjiru" sort="Waruiru, Wanjiru" uniqKey="Waruiru W" first="Wanjiru" last="Waruiru">Wanjiru Waruiru</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ngare, Carol" sort="Ngare, Carol" uniqKey="Ngare C" first="Carol" last="Ngare">Carol Ngare</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ssempijja, Victor" sort="Ssempijja, Victor" uniqKey="Ssempijja V" first="Victor" last="Ssempijja">Victor Ssempijja</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gachuki, Thomas" sort="Gachuki, Thomas" uniqKey="Gachuki T" first="Thomas" last="Gachuki">Thomas Gachuki</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">National Public Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Njoroge, Inviolata" sort="Njoroge, Inviolata" uniqKey="Njoroge I" first="Inviolata" last="Njoroge">Inviolata Njoroge</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Liverpool Voluntary Counselling and Testing, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oluoch, Patricia" sort="Oluoch, Patricia" uniqKey="Oluoch P" first="Patricia" last="Oluoch">Patricia Oluoch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kimanga, Davies O" sort="Kimanga, Davies O" uniqKey="Kimanga D" first="Davies O." last="Kimanga">Davies O. Kimanga</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maina, William K" sort="Maina, William K" uniqKey="Maina W" first="William K." last="Maina">William K. Maina</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mpazanje, Rex" sort="Mpazanje, Rex" uniqKey="Mpazanje R" first="Rex" last="Mpazanje">Rex Mpazanje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">National Public Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Andrea A" sort="Kim, Andrea A" uniqKey="Kim A" first="Andrea A." last="Kim">Andrea A. Kim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</title><idno type="ISSN">1525-4135</idno><idno type="eISSN">1944-7884</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">HIV testing and counseling (HTC) is essential for successful HIV prevention and treatment programs. The national target for HTC is 80% of the adult population in Kenya. Population-based data to measure progress towards this HTC target are needed to assess the country’s changing needs for HIV prevention and treatment.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">In 2012–2013, we conducted a national HIV survey among Kenyans aged 18 months to 64 years. Respondents aged 15–64 years were administered a questionnaire that collected information on demographics, HIV testing behavior, and self-reported HIV status. Blood samples were collected for HIV testing in a central laboratory. Participants were offered home-based testing and counseling to learn their HIV status in the home and point-of-care CD4 testing if they tested HIV-positive.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Of 13,720 adults who were interviewed, 71.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 70.2 to 73.1] had been tested for HIV. Among those, 56.1% (95% CI: 52.8 to 59.4) had been tested in the past year, 69.4% (95% CI: 68.0 to 70.8) had been tested more than once, and 37.2% (95% CI: 35.7 to 38.8) had been tested with a partner. Fifty-three percent (95% CI: 47.6 to 58.7) of HIV-infected persons were unaware of their infection. Overall 9874 (72.0%) of participants accepted home-based HIV testing and counseling; 4.1% (95% CI: 3.3 to 4.9) tested HIV-positive, and of those, 42.5% (95% CI 31.4 to 53.6) were in need of immediate treatment for their HIV infection but not receiving it.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P4">HIV testing rates have nearly reached the national target for HTC in Kenya. However, knowledge of HIV status among HIV-infected persons remains low. HTC needs to be expanded to reach more men and couples, and strategies are needed to increase repeat testing for persons at risk for HIV infection.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">100892005</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">21821</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1525-4135</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1944-7884</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24732818</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4786172</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/QAI.0000000000000102</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">HHSPA764964</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Status of HIV Testing and Counseling in Kenya: Results From a Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ng’ang’a</surname><given-names>Anne</given-names></name><degrees>BDS, MSc</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Waruiru</surname><given-names>Wanjiru</given-names></name><degrees>MBA, MPH</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">†</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ngare</surname><given-names>Carol</given-names></name><degrees>BA</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ssempijja</surname><given-names>Victor</given-names></name><degrees>MS</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gachuki</surname><given-names>Thomas</given-names></name><degrees>MSc</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Njoroge</surname><given-names>Inviolata</given-names></name><degrees>BS</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">||</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oluoch</surname><given-names>Patricia</given-names></name><degrees>MPH</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kimanga</surname><given-names>Davies O.</given-names></name><degrees>MBChB, MMed</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maina</surname><given-names>William K.</given-names></name><degrees>MBChB, MPH</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mpazanje</surname><given-names>Rex</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">¶</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Andrea A.</given-names></name><degrees>PhD, MPH</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">‡</xref></contrib><on-behalf-of>for the KAIS Study Group</on-behalf-of></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>*</label>National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</aff><aff id="A2"><label>†</label>Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</aff><aff id="A3"><label>‡</label>Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya</aff><aff id="A4"><label>§</label>National Public Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Kenya</aff><aff id="A5"><label>||</label>Liverpool Voluntary Counselling and Testing, Nairobi, Kenya</aff><aff id="A6"><label>¶</label>National Public Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya</aff><aff id="A7"><label>¶</label>World Health Organization, Nairobi, Kenya</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Correspondence to: Anne Ng’ang’a, BDS, MSc, National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infection Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Kenyatta National Hospital Grounds, 19361-00202 Nairobi, Kenya (<email>annie@nascop.or.ke</email>)</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>4</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>10</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>Suppl 1</issue><fpage>S27</fpage><lpage>S36</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000102</pmc-comment>
<abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">HIV testing and counseling (HTC) is essential for successful HIV prevention and treatment programs. The national target for HTC is 80% of the adult population in Kenya. Population-based data to measure progress towards this HTC target are needed to assess the country’s changing needs for HIV prevention and treatment.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">In 2012–2013, we conducted a national HIV survey among Kenyans aged 18 months to 64 years. Respondents aged 15–64 years were administered a questionnaire that collected information on demographics, HIV testing behavior, and self-reported HIV status. Blood samples were collected for HIV testing in a central laboratory. Participants were offered home-based testing and counseling to learn their HIV status in the home and point-of-care CD4 testing if they tested HIV-positive.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Of 13,720 adults who were interviewed, 71.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 70.2 to 73.1] had been tested for HIV. Among those, 56.1% (95% CI: 52.8 to 59.4) had been tested in the past year, 69.4% (95% CI: 68.0 to 70.8) had been tested more than once, and 37.2% (95% CI: 35.7 to 38.8) had been tested with a partner. Fifty-three percent (95% CI: 47.6 to 58.7) of HIV-infected persons were unaware of their infection. Overall 9874 (72.0%) of participants accepted home-based HIV testing and counseling; 4.1% (95% CI: 3.3 to 4.9) tested HIV-positive, and of those, 42.5% (95% CI 31.4 to 53.6) were in need of immediate treatment for their HIV infection but not receiving it.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P4">HIV testing rates have nearly reached the national target for HTC in Kenya. However, knowledge of HIV status among HIV-infected persons remains low. HTC needs to be expanded to reach more men and couples, and strategies are needed to increase repeat testing for persons at risk for HIV infection.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>HIV testing and counseling</kwd><kwd>Kenya</kwd><kwd>home-based testing and counseling</kwd><kwd>PIMA CD4 Analyzer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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