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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Invasive <italic>Salmonella</italic> Infections in Areas of High and Low
Malaria Transmission Intensity in Tanzania</title><author><name sortKey="Biggs, Holly M" sort="Biggs, Holly M" uniqKey="Biggs H" first="Holly M." last="Biggs">Holly M. Biggs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine</addr-line>,<institution>Duke University Medical Center</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lester, Rebecca" sort="Lester, Rebecca" uniqKey="Lester R" first="Rebecca" last="Lester">Rebecca Lester</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nadjm, Behzad" sort="Nadjm, Behzad" uniqKey="Nadjm B" first="Behzad" last="Nadjm">Behzad Nadjm</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><institution>Oxford University Clinical Research Unit</institution>,<addr-line>Hanoi</addr-line>,<country>Vietnam</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mtove, George" sort="Mtove, George" uniqKey="Mtove G" first="George" last="Mtove">George Mtove</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><institution>National Institute for Medical Research–Amani Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Tanga</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af5"><institution>Joint Malaria Programme</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Todd, Jim E" sort="Todd, Jim E" uniqKey="Todd J" first="Jim E." last="Todd">Jim E. Todd</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kinabo, Grace D" sort="Kinabo, Grace D" uniqKey="Kinabo G" first="Grace D." last="Kinabo">Grace D. Kinabo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Philemon, Rune" sort="Philemon, Rune" uniqKey="Philemon R" first="Rune" last="Philemon">Rune Philemon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amos, Ben" sort="Amos, Ben" uniqKey="Amos B" first="Ben" last="Amos">Ben Amos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><institution>Teule Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Muheza</addr-line>,<country>United Republic of Tanzania</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morrissey, Anne B" sort="Morrissey, Anne B" uniqKey="Morrissey A" first="Anne B." last="Morrissey">Anne B. Morrissey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine</addr-line>,<institution>Duke University Medical Center</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reyburn, Hugh" sort="Reyburn, Hugh" uniqKey="Reyburn H" first="Hugh" last="Reyburn">Hugh Reyburn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><institution>National Institute for Medical Research–Amani Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Tanga</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crump, John A" sort="Crump, John A" uniqKey="Crump J" first="John A." last="Crump">John A. Crump</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine</addr-line>,<institution>Duke University Medical Center</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><institution>Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af10"><addr-line>Centre for International Health</addr-line>,<institution>University of Otago</institution>,<addr-line>Dunedin</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24336909</idno><idno type="pmc">3922215</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3922215</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3922215</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/cid/cit798</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001654</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001654</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Invasive <italic>Salmonella</italic> Infections in Areas of High and Low
Malaria Transmission Intensity in Tanzania</title><author><name sortKey="Biggs, Holly M" sort="Biggs, Holly M" uniqKey="Biggs H" first="Holly M." last="Biggs">Holly M. Biggs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine</addr-line>,<institution>Duke University Medical Center</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lester, Rebecca" sort="Lester, Rebecca" uniqKey="Lester R" first="Rebecca" last="Lester">Rebecca Lester</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nadjm, Behzad" sort="Nadjm, Behzad" uniqKey="Nadjm B" first="Behzad" last="Nadjm">Behzad Nadjm</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af3"><institution>Oxford University Clinical Research Unit</institution>,<addr-line>Hanoi</addr-line>,<country>Vietnam</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mtove, George" sort="Mtove, George" uniqKey="Mtove G" first="George" last="Mtove">George Mtove</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><institution>National Institute for Medical Research–Amani Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Tanga</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af5"><institution>Joint Malaria Programme</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Todd, Jim E" sort="Todd, Jim E" uniqKey="Todd J" first="Jim E." last="Todd">Jim E. Todd</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kinabo, Grace D" sort="Kinabo, Grace D" uniqKey="Kinabo G" first="Grace D." last="Kinabo">Grace D. Kinabo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Philemon, Rune" sort="Philemon, Rune" uniqKey="Philemon R" first="Rune" last="Philemon">Rune Philemon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amos, Ben" sort="Amos, Ben" uniqKey="Amos B" first="Ben" last="Amos">Ben Amos</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af8"><institution>Teule Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Muheza</addr-line>,<country>United Republic of Tanzania</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morrissey, Anne B" sort="Morrissey, Anne B" uniqKey="Morrissey A" first="Anne B." last="Morrissey">Anne B. Morrissey</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine</addr-line>,<institution>Duke University Medical Center</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reyburn, Hugh" sort="Reyburn, Hugh" uniqKey="Reyburn H" first="Hugh" last="Reyburn">Hugh Reyburn</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af2"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af4"><institution>National Institute for Medical Research–Amani Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Tanga</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crump, John A" sort="Crump, John A" uniqKey="Crump J" first="John A." last="Crump">John A. Crump</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1"><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine</addr-line>,<institution>Duke University Medical Center</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af7"><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af9"><institution>Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af10"><addr-line>Centre for International Health</addr-line>,<institution>University of Otago</institution>,<addr-line>Dunedin</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America</title><idno type="ISSN">1058-4838</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-6591</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Among febrile pediatric inpatients in Tanzania, where malaria transmission was intense,
invasive nontyphoidal <italic>Salmonella</italic> was common and
<italic>Salmonella</italic> Typhi was uncommon, whereas the inverse was observed at a
site with low malaria transmission.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Clin Infect Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Clin. Infect. Dis</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cid</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">cid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1058-4838</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1537-6591</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24336909</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3922215</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cid/cit798</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">cit798</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles and Commentaries</subject></subj-group><series-title>Editor's choice</series-title></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Invasive <italic>Salmonella</italic> Infections in Areas of High and Low
Malaria Transmission Intensity in Tanzania</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Biggs</surname><given-names>Holly M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="AN1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lester</surname><given-names>Rebecca</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="AN1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nadjm</surname><given-names>Behzad</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mtove</surname><given-names>George</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Todd</surname><given-names>Jim E.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kinabo</surname><given-names>Grace D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Philemon</surname><given-names>Rune</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Amos</surname><given-names>Ben</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Morrissey</surname><given-names>Anne B.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reyburn</surname><given-names>Hugh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Crump</surname><given-names>John A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af6">6</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af7">7</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af9">9</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af10">10</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="af1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine</addr-line>,<institution>Duke University Medical Center</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></aff><aff id="af2"><label>2</label><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution>,<country>United Kingdom</country></aff><aff id="af3"><label>3</label><institution>Oxford University Clinical Research Unit</institution>,<addr-line>Hanoi</addr-line>,<country>Vietnam</country></aff><aff id="af4"><label>4</label><institution>National Institute for Medical Research–Amani Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Tanga</addr-line></aff><aff id="af5"><label>5</label><institution>Joint Malaria Programme</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></aff><aff id="af6"><label>6</label><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></aff><aff id="af7"><label>7</label><institution>Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College</institution>,<addr-line>Moshi</addr-line></aff><aff id="af8"><label>8</label><institution>Teule Hospital</institution>,<addr-line>Muheza</addr-line>,<country>United Republic of Tanzania</country></aff><aff id="af9"><label>9</label><institution>Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University</institution>,<addr-line>Durham, North Carolina</addr-line></aff><aff id="af10"><label>10</label><addr-line>Centre for International Health</addr-line>,<institution>University of Otago</institution>,<addr-line>Dunedin</addr-line>,<country>New Zealand</country></aff><author-notes><corresp>Correspondence: John A. Crump, MB ChB, MD, DTM&H, Division of Infectious
Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center,
Box 102359, Durham, NC 27710 (<email>john.crump@duke.edu</email>).</corresp><fn fn-type="con" id="AN1"><label>a</label><p>H. M. B. and R. L. contributed equally to this work.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Presented in part: 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and
Hygiene, Washington, D.C., 13–17 November 2013. Abstract 556.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day><month>3</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day><month>3</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pmc-comment> PMC Release delay is 12 months and
0 days and was based on the
<volume>58</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>638</fpage><lpage>647</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>19</day><month>7</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf
of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions,
please e-mail: <email>journals.permissions@oup.com</email>.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cit798.pdf"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="precis"><p>Among febrile pediatric inpatients in Tanzania, where malaria transmission was intense,
invasive nontyphoidal <italic>Salmonella</italic> was common and
<italic>Salmonella</italic> Typhi was uncommon, whereas the inverse was observed at a
site with low malaria transmission.</p></abstract><abstract><p><bold><italic>Background.</italic></bold> The epidemiology of
<italic>Salmonella</italic> Typhi and invasive nontyphoidal <italic>Salmonella</italic>(NTS) differs, and prevalence of these pathogens among children in sub-Saharan Africa may
vary in relation to malaria transmission intensity.</p><p><bold><italic>Methods.</italic></bold> We compared the prevalence of bacteremia
among febrile pediatric inpatients aged 2 months to 13 years recruited at sites of high
and low malaria endemicity in Tanzania. Enrollment at Teule Hospital, the high malaria
transmission site, was from June 2006 through May 2007, and at Kilimanjaro Christian
Medical Centre (KCMC), the low malaria transmission site, from September 2007 through
August 2008. Automated blood culture, malaria microscopy with Giemsa-stained blood films,
and human immunodeficiency virus testing were performed.</p><p><bold><italic>Results.</italic></bold> At Teule, 3639 children were enrolled
compared to 467 at KCMC. Smear-positive malaria was detected in 2195 of 3639
(60.3%) children at Teule and 11 of 460 (2.4%) at KCMC (<italic>P</italic>< .001). Bacteremia was present in 336 of 3639 (9.2%) children at Teule and 20
of 463 (4.3%) at KCMC (<italic>P</italic> < .001). NTS was isolated in 162 of
3639 (4.5%) children at Teule and 1 of 463 (0.2%) at KCMC
(<italic>P</italic> < .001). <italic>Salmonella</italic> Typhi was isolated from 11
(0.3%) children at Teule and 6 (1.3%) at KCMC (<italic>P</italic> =
.008). With NTS excluded, the prevalence of bacteremia at Teule was 5.0% and at
KCMC 4.1% (<italic>P</italic> = .391).</p><p><bold><italic>Conclusions.</italic></bold> Where malaria transmission was intense,
invasive NTS was common and <italic>Salmonella</italic> Typhi was uncommon, whereas the
inverse was observed at a low malaria transmission site. The relationship between these
pathogens, the environment, and the host is a compelling area for further research.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>typhoid fever</kwd><kwd><italic>Salmonella</italic></kwd><kwd>sub-Saharan Africa</kwd><kwd>malaria</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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