Perceived HIV stigma among children in a high HIV-prevalence area in central China: Beyond the parental HIV-related illness and death
Identifieur interne : 001089 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001088; suivant : 001090Perceived HIV stigma among children in a high HIV-prevalence area in central China: Beyond the parental HIV-related illness and death
Auteurs : Xiuyun Lin ; Guoxiang Zhao ; Xiaoming Li ; Bonita Stanton ; Liying Zhang ; Yan Hong ; Junfeng Zhao ; Xiaoyi FangSource :
- AIDS care [ 0954-0121 ] ; 2010.
Abstract
(1) examine the psychometric properties of two parallel measures of HIV-related stigma (i.e., perceived public stigma and children’s personal stigma against PLWHA) among these children; (2) examine whether expressions of stigma measures differ by child’s sex, developmental stage, family SES, or orphanhood status (i.e., AIDS orphans, vulnerable children, and comparison children); and (3) examine the association between HIV-related stigma and children’s psychosocial adjustments among these children.
Cross-sectional data were collected from 755 AIDS orphans (children who had lost one or both their parents to AIDS), 466 vulnerable children who lived with HIV-infected parents, and 404 comparison children who did not experience HIV-related illness and death in their families. The measures included perceived public stigma, personal stigma, depressive symptoms, loneliness, self-esteem, future expectations, hopefulness about the future, and perceived control over the future.
Both stigma scales were positively associated with psychopathological symptoms (e.g., depression, loneliness) and negatively associated with psychosocial wellbeing (e.g., self-stigma, positive future expectation, hopefulness about future, and perceived control over the future). Both stigma measures contribute to children’s psychosocial problems independent of their orphanhood status and other key demographic factors.
Community-wide stigma reduction and psychological support should be part of the care efforts for children affected by AIDS. Stigma reduction efforts should not only target the stigma against PLWHA but also possible stigma against the entire community (e.g., villages) with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The stigma reduction efforts also needs to be appropriate for children’s age, gender, family SES and AIDS experience in the family. Future research should explore individual and contextual factors such as social support, coping and attachment in mitigating the negative effect of stigma among these children.
Url:
DOI: 10.1080/09540120903253999
PubMed: 20397077
PubMed Central: 2943535
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PMC:2943535Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Lin, Xiuyun" sort="Lin, Xiuyun" uniqKey="Lin X" first="Xiuyun" last="Lin">Xiuyun Lin</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Guoxiang" sort="Zhao, Guoxiang" uniqKey="Zhao G" first="Guoxiang" last="Zhao">Guoxiang Zhao</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Psychology, Henan University, China</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Li, Xiaoming" sort="Li, Xiaoming" uniqKey="Li X" first="Xiaoming" last="Li">Xiaoming Li</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Psychology, Henan University, China</nlm:aff>
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<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Stanton, Bonita" sort="Stanton, Bonita" uniqKey="Stanton B" first="Bonita" last="Stanton">Bonita Stanton</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Liying" sort="Zhang, Liying" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Liying" last="Zhang">Liying Zhang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Hong, Yan" sort="Hong, Yan" uniqKey="Hong Y" first="Yan" last="Hong">Yan Hong</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4"> Department of Social and Behavioral Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, USA</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Junfeng" sort="Zhao, Junfeng" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Junfeng" last="Zhao">Junfeng Zhao</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Fang, Xiaoyi" sort="Fang, Xiaoyi" uniqKey="Fang X" first="Xiaoyi" last="Fang">Xiaoyi Fang</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Perceived HIV stigma among children in a high HIV-prevalence area in central China: Beyond the parental HIV-related illness and death</title>
<author><name sortKey="Lin, Xiuyun" sort="Lin, Xiuyun" uniqKey="Lin X" first="Xiuyun" last="Lin">Xiuyun Lin</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Guoxiang" sort="Zhao, Guoxiang" uniqKey="Zhao G" first="Guoxiang" last="Zhao">Guoxiang Zhao</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Psychology, Henan University, China</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Li, Xiaoming" sort="Li, Xiaoming" uniqKey="Li X" first="Xiaoming" last="Li">Xiaoming Li</name>
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<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Stanton, Bonita" sort="Stanton, Bonita" uniqKey="Stanton B" first="Bonita" last="Stanton">Bonita Stanton</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Liying" sort="Zhang, Liying" uniqKey="Zhang L" first="Liying" last="Zhang">Liying Zhang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Hong, Yan" sort="Hong, Yan" uniqKey="Hong Y" first="Yan" last="Hong">Yan Hong</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4"> Department of Social and Behavioral Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Junfeng" sort="Zhao, Junfeng" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Junfeng" last="Zhao">Junfeng Zhao</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Department of Psychology, Henan University, China</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Fang, Xiaoyi" sort="Fang, Xiaoyi" uniqKey="Fang X" first="Xiaoyi" last="Fang">Xiaoyi Fang</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5"> Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China</nlm:aff>
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<series><title level="j">AIDS care</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0954-0121</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1360-0451</idno>
<imprint><date when="2010">2010</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Objectives</title>
<p id="P1">(1) examine the psychometric properties of two parallel measures of HIV-related stigma (i.e., perceived public stigma and children’s personal stigma against PLWHA) among these children; (2) examine whether expressions of stigma measures differ by child’s sex, developmental stage, family SES, or orphanhood status (i.e., AIDS orphans, vulnerable children, and comparison children); and (3) examine the association between HIV-related stigma and children’s psychosocial adjustments among these children.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="methods" id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">Cross-sectional data were collected from 755 AIDS orphans (children who had lost one or both their parents to AIDS), 466 vulnerable children who lived with HIV-infected parents, and 404 comparison children who did not experience HIV-related illness and death in their families. The measures included perceived public stigma, personal stigma, depressive symptoms, loneliness, self-esteem, future expectations, hopefulness about the future, and perceived control over the future.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">Both stigma scales were positively associated with psychopathological symptoms (e.g., depression, loneliness) and negatively associated with psychosocial wellbeing (e.g., self-stigma, positive future expectation, hopefulness about future, and perceived control over the future). Both stigma measures contribute to children’s psychosocial problems independent of their orphanhood status and other key demographic factors.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title>
<p id="P4">Community-wide stigma reduction and psychological support should be part of the care efforts for children affected by AIDS. Stigma reduction efforts should not only target the stigma against PLWHA but also possible stigma against the entire community (e.g., villages) with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The stigma reduction efforts also needs to be appropriate for children’s age, gender, family SES and AIDS experience in the family. Future research should explore individual and contextual factors such as social support, coping and attachment in mitigating the negative effect of stigma among these children.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">8915313</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">1056</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">AIDS Care</journal-id>
<journal-title>AIDS care</journal-title>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0954-0121</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1360-0451</issn>
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<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20397077</article-id>
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<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/09540120903253999</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS209040</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>Perceived HIV stigma among children in a high HIV-prevalence area in central China: Beyond the parental HIV-related illness and death</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lin</surname>
<given-names>Xiuyun</given-names>
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<degrees>Ph.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A1" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhao</surname>
<given-names>Guoxiang</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>Ph.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Xiaoming</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>Ph.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
<xref rid="A3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stanton</surname>
<given-names>Bonita</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>M.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Liying</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>Ph.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A3" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hong</surname>
<given-names>Yan</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>Ph.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A4" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zhao</surname>
<given-names>Junfeng</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>Ph.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A2" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fang</surname>
<given-names>Xiaoyi</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>Ph.D.</degrees>
<xref rid="A5" ref-type="aff">5</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>1</label>
School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>2</label>
Department of Psychology, Henan University, China</aff>
<aff id="A3"><label>3</label>
Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA</aff>
<aff id="A4"><label>4</label>
Department of Social and Behavioral Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, USA</aff>
<aff id="A5"><label>5</label>
Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Corresponding author: Xiaoming Li, Ph.D., The Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics Prevention Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4201 St. Antoine Street, UHC 6-D, Detroit, MI 48201, Tel: 313-745-8663, Fax: 313-745-4993, <email>xiaoli@med.wayne.edu</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>2</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>19</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<issue>5</issue>
<fpage>545</fpage>
<lpage>555</lpage>
<abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Objectives</title>
<p id="P1">(1) examine the psychometric properties of two parallel measures of HIV-related stigma (i.e., perceived public stigma and children’s personal stigma against PLWHA) among these children; (2) examine whether expressions of stigma measures differ by child’s sex, developmental stage, family SES, or orphanhood status (i.e., AIDS orphans, vulnerable children, and comparison children); and (3) examine the association between HIV-related stigma and children’s psychosocial adjustments among these children.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="methods" id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">Cross-sectional data were collected from 755 AIDS orphans (children who had lost one or both their parents to AIDS), 466 vulnerable children who lived with HIV-infected parents, and 404 comparison children who did not experience HIV-related illness and death in their families. The measures included perceived public stigma, personal stigma, depressive symptoms, loneliness, self-esteem, future expectations, hopefulness about the future, and perceived control over the future.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">Both stigma scales were positively associated with psychopathological symptoms (e.g., depression, loneliness) and negatively associated with psychosocial wellbeing (e.g., self-stigma, positive future expectation, hopefulness about future, and perceived control over the future). Both stigma measures contribute to children’s psychosocial problems independent of their orphanhood status and other key demographic factors.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title>
<p id="P4">Community-wide stigma reduction and psychological support should be part of the care efforts for children affected by AIDS. Stigma reduction efforts should not only target the stigma against PLWHA but also possible stigma against the entire community (e.g., villages) with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The stigma reduction efforts also needs to be appropriate for children’s age, gender, family SES and AIDS experience in the family. Future research should explore individual and contextual factors such as social support, coping and attachment in mitigating the negative effect of stigma among these children.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<contract-num rid="MH1">R01 MH076488-04
||MH</contract-num>
<contract-sponsor id="MH1">National Institute of Mental Health : NIMH</contract-sponsor>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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