HIV Prevalence by Race Co-Varies Closely with Concurrency and Number of Sex Partners in South Africa
Identifieur interne : 001941 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001940; suivant : 001942HIV Prevalence by Race Co-Varies Closely with Concurrency and Number of Sex Partners in South Africa
Auteurs : Chris Kenyon [Belgique, Afrique du Sud] ; Jozefien Buyze [Belgique] ; Robert Colebunders [Belgique]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
HIV prevalence differs by more than an order of magnitude between South Africa's racial groups. Comparing the sexual behaviors and other risk factors for HIV transmission between the different races may shed light on the determinants of South Africa's generalized HIV epidemic.
Five nationally representative and one city-representative population-based surveys of sexual behavior were used to assess the extent to which various risk factors co-varied with HIV prevalence by race in South Africa.
In 2004, the prevalence of HIV was 0.5%, 1%, 3.2% and 19.9% in 15–49 year old whites, Indians, coloureds and blacks respectively. The risk factors which co-varied with HIV prevalence by race in the six surveys were age of sexual debut (in five out of five surveys for men and three out of six surveys for women), age gap (zero surveys in men and three in women), mean number of sex partners in the previous year (five surveys in men and three in women) and concurrent partnerships (five surveys in men and one in women). Condom usage and circumcision were both more prevalent in the high HIV prevalence groups. The reported prevalence of concurrency was 6 to 17 times higher in the black as opposed to the white men in the five surveys.
The differences in sexual behavior in general, and the prevalence of concurrency and the number of sexual partners in particular, offer a plausible and parsimonious cause to explain a part of the differing prevalences of HIV between South Africa's racial groups.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064080
PubMed: 23704973
PubMed Central: 3660381
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Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buyze, Jozefien" sort="Buyze, Jozefien" uniqKey="Buyze J" first="Jozefien" last="Buyze">Jozefien Buyze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Antwerp</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colebunders, Robert" sort="Colebunders, Robert" uniqKey="Colebunders R" first="Robert" last="Colebunders">Robert Colebunders</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Clinical HIV/STI Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical HIV/STI Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Antwerp</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23704973</idno><idno type="pmc">3660381</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3660381</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3660381</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0064080</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002A30</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002A30</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002A29</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002A29</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001941</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001941</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">HIV Prevalence by Race Co-Varies Closely with Concurrency and Number of Sex Partners in South Africa</title><author><name sortKey="Kenyon, Chris" sort="Kenyon, Chris" uniqKey="Kenyon C" first="Chris" last="Kenyon">Chris Kenyon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>HIV/STD Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>HIV/STD Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Antwerp</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buyze, Jozefien" sort="Buyze, Jozefien" uniqKey="Buyze J" first="Jozefien" last="Buyze">Jozefien Buyze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Antwerp</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Colebunders, Robert" sort="Colebunders, Robert" uniqKey="Colebunders R" first="Robert" last="Colebunders">Robert Colebunders</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Clinical HIV/STI Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical HIV/STI Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Antwerp</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>HIV prevalence differs by more than an order of magnitude between South Africa's racial groups. Comparing the sexual behaviors and other risk factors for HIV transmission between the different races may shed light on the determinants of South Africa's generalized HIV epidemic.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Five nationally representative and one city-representative population-based surveys of sexual behavior were used to assess the extent to which various risk factors co-varied with HIV prevalence by race in South Africa.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>In 2004, the prevalence of HIV was 0.5%, 1%, 3.2% and 19.9% in 15–49 year old whites, Indians, coloureds and blacks respectively. The risk factors which co-varied with HIV prevalence by race in the six surveys were age of sexual debut (in five out of five surveys for men and three out of six surveys for women), age gap (zero surveys in men and three in women), mean number of sex partners in the previous year (five surveys in men and three in women) and concurrent partnerships (five surveys in men and one in women). Condom usage and circumcision were both more prevalent in the high HIV prevalence groups. The reported prevalence of concurrency was 6 to 17 times higher in the black as opposed to the white men in the five surveys.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The differences in sexual behavior in general, and the prevalence of concurrency and the number of sexual partners in particular, offer a plausible and parsimonious cause to explain a part of the differing prevalences of HIV between South Africa's racial groups.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kenyon, C" uniqKey="Kenyon C">C Kenyon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dlamini, S" uniqKey="Dlamini S">S Dlamini</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boulle, A" uniqKey="Boulle A">A Boulle</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Rg" uniqKey="White R">RG White</name></author><author><name sortKey="Badri, M" uniqKey="Badri M">M 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23704973</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3660381</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-13-05269</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0064080</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Population Biology</subject><subj-group><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Social Epidemiology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Medicine</subject><subj-group><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subj-group><subject>Infectious Disease Epidemiology</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>Sexually Transmitted Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>AIDS</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Viral Diseases</subject><subj-group><subject>HIV</subject><subj-group><subject>HIV epidemiology</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group><subject>Public Health</subject></subj-group></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Social and Behavioral Sciences</subject><subj-group><subject>Sociology</subject><subj-group><subject>Culture</subject><subj-group><subject>Cross Culture (Sociology)</subject></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>HIV Prevalence by Race Co-Varies Closely with Concurrency and Number of Sex Partners in South Africa</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">HIV, Race and Multiple Partnering in South Africa</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kenyon</surname><given-names>Chris</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Buyze</surname><given-names>Jozefien</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Colebunders</surname><given-names>Robert</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>HIV/STD Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label><addr-line>Clinical HIV/STI Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Vermund</surname><given-names>Sten H.</given-names></name><role>Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Vanderbilt University, United States of America</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail: <email>chriskenyon0@gmail.com</email></corresp><fn fn-type="conflict"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: CK RC JB. Analyzed the data: CK. Wrote the paper: CK. Read and contributed to the final draft of the paper: CK RC JB.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>5</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>5</issue><elocation-id>e64080</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>30</day><month>1</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>8</day><month>4</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Kenyon et al</copyright-holder><license><license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>HIV prevalence differs by more than an order of magnitude between South Africa's racial groups. Comparing the sexual behaviors and other risk factors for HIV transmission between the different races may shed light on the determinants of South Africa's generalized HIV epidemic.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Five nationally representative and one city-representative population-based surveys of sexual behavior were used to assess the extent to which various risk factors co-varied with HIV prevalence by race in South Africa.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>In 2004, the prevalence of HIV was 0.5%, 1%, 3.2% and 19.9% in 15–49 year old whites, Indians, coloureds and blacks respectively. The risk factors which co-varied with HIV prevalence by race in the six surveys were age of sexual debut (in five out of five surveys for men and three out of six surveys for women), age gap (zero surveys in men and three in women), mean number of sex partners in the previous year (five surveys in men and three in women) and concurrent partnerships (five surveys in men and one in women). Condom usage and circumcision were both more prevalent in the high HIV prevalence groups. The reported prevalence of concurrency was 6 to 17 times higher in the black as opposed to the white men in the five surveys.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The differences in sexual behavior in general, and the prevalence of concurrency and the number of sexual partners in particular, offer a plausible and parsimonious cause to explain a part of the differing prevalences of HIV between South Africa's racial groups.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>The authors have no support or funding to report.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><page-count count="9"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Belgique</li></country></list><tree><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kenyon, Chris" sort="Kenyon, Chris" uniqKey="Kenyon C" first="Chris" last="Kenyon">Chris Kenyon</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Buyze, Jozefien" sort="Buyze, Jozefien" uniqKey="Buyze J" first="Jozefien" last="Buyze">Jozefien Buyze</name><name sortKey="Colebunders, Robert" sort="Colebunders, Robert" uniqKey="Colebunders R" first="Robert" last="Colebunders">Robert Colebunders</name></country><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kenyon, Chris" sort="Kenyon, Chris" uniqKey="Kenyon C" first="Chris" last="Kenyon">Chris Kenyon</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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