Loss to programme between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis
Identifieur interne : 000148 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000147; suivant : 000149Loss to programme between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis
Auteurs : Catrina Mugglin [Suisse] ; Janne Estill [Suisse] ; Gilles Wandeler [Suisse] ; Nicole Bender [Suisse] ; Matthias Egger [Suisse, Afrique du Sud] ; Thomas Gsponer [Suisse] ; Olivia Keiser [Suisse]Source :
- TM & IH. Tropical medicine & international health [ 1360-2276 ] ; 2012.
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- topic : Mortalité.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the proportion of patients lost to programme (died, lost to follow-up, transferred out) between HIV diagnosis and start of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa, and determine factors associated with loss to programme. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases for studies in adults. Outcomes were the percentage of patients dying before starting ART, the percentage lost to follow-up, the percentage with a CD4 cell count, the distribution of first CD4 counts and the percentage of eligible patients starting ART. Data were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies from sub-Saharan Africa including 148 912 patients were analysed. Six studies covered the whole period from HIV diagnosis to ART start. Meta-analysis of these studies showed that of the 100 patients with a positive HIV test, 72 (95% CI 60-84) had a CD4 cell count measured, 40 (95% CI 26-55) were eligible for ART and 25 (95% CI 13-37) started ART. There was substantial heterogeneity between studies (P < 0.0001). Median CD4 cell count at presentation ranged from 154 to 274 cells/μl. Patients eligible for ART were less likely to become lost to programme (25% vs. 54%, P < 0.0001), but eligible patients were more likely to die (11% vs. 5%, P < 0.0001) than ineligible patients. Loss to programme was higher in men, in patients with low CD4 cell counts and low socio-economic status and in recent time periods. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring and care in the pre-ART time period need improvement, with greater emphasis on patients not yet eligible for ART.
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type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">13-0002885</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 13-0002885 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:13-0002885</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000125</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000769</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000148</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000148</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Loss to programme between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis</title><author><name sortKey="Mugglin, Catrina" sort="Mugglin, Catrina" uniqKey="Mugglin C" first="Catrina" last="Mugglin">Catrina Mugglin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Berne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Estill, Janne" sort="Estill, Janne" uniqKey="Estill J" first="Janne" last="Estill">Janne Estill</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Berne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wandeler, Gilles" sort="Wandeler, Gilles" uniqKey="Wandeler G" first="Gilles" last="Wandeler">Gilles Wandeler</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Berne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bender, Nicole" sort="Bender, Nicole" uniqKey="Bender N" first="Nicole" last="Bender">Nicole Bender</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Berne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Egger, Matthias" sort="Egger, Matthias" uniqKey="Egger M" first="Matthias" last="Egger">Matthias Egger</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Berne</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town</s1><s2>Cape Town</s2><s3>ZAF</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gsponer, Thomas" sort="Gsponer, Thomas" uniqKey="Gsponer T" first="Thomas" last="Gsponer">Thomas Gsponer</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Berne</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Keiser, Olivia" sort="Keiser, Olivia" uniqKey="Keiser O" first="Olivia" last="Keiser">Olivia Keiser</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement><region type="région" nuts="3">Canton de Berne</region><settlement type="city">Berne</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Berne</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">TM & IH. Tropical medicine & international health</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">TM IH, Trop. med. int. health</title><idno type="ISSN">1360-2276</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">TM & IH. Tropical medicine & international health</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">TM IH, Trop. med. int. health</title><idno type="ISSN">1360-2276</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>AIDS</term><term>Antiretroviral agent</term><term>Antiviral</term><term>Bibliographic review</term><term>Chemotherapy</term><term>Diagnosis</term><term>Genetic linkage</term><term>Human immunodeficiency virus</term><term>Mortality</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Sub-Saharan Africa</term><term>Tropical medicine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>SIDA</term><term>Antiviral</term><term>Chimiothérapie</term><term>Diagnostic</term><term>Antirétroviral</term><term>Virus immunodéficience humaine</term><term>Afrique subsaharienne</term><term>Revue bibliographique</term><term>Liaison génétique</term><term>Mortalité</term><term>Médecine tropicale</term><term>Pronostic</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mortalité</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">OBJECTIVES To assess the proportion of patients lost to programme (died, lost to follow-up, transferred out) between HIV diagnosis and start of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa, and determine factors associated with loss to programme. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases for studies in adults. Outcomes were the percentage of patients dying before starting ART, the percentage lost to follow-up, the percentage with a CD4 cell count, the distribution of first CD4 counts and the percentage of eligible patients starting ART. Data were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies from sub-Saharan Africa including 148 912 patients were analysed. Six studies covered the whole period from HIV diagnosis to ART start. Meta-analysis of these studies showed that of the 100 patients with a positive HIV test, 72 (95% CI 60-84) had a CD4 cell count measured, 40 (95% CI 26-55) were eligible for ART and 25 (95% CI 13-37) started ART. There was substantial heterogeneity between studies (P < 0.0001). Median CD4 cell count at presentation ranged from 154 to 274 cells/μl. Patients eligible for ART were less likely to become lost to programme (25% vs. 54%, P < 0.0001), but eligible patients were more likely to die (11% vs. 5%, P < 0.0001) than ineligible patients. Loss to programme was higher in men, in patients with low CD4 cell counts and low socio-economic status and in recent time periods. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring and care in the pre-ART time period need improvement, with greater emphasis on patients not yet eligible for ART.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>1360-2276</s0></fA01><fA03 i2="1"><s0>TM IH, Trop. med. int. health</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>17</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>12</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Loss to programme between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>MUGGLIN (Catrina)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>ESTILL (Janne)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>WANDELER (Gilles)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>BENDER (Nicole)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>EGGER (Matthias)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>GSPONER (Thomas)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>KEISER (Olivia)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of International and Environmental Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bern</s1><s2>Bern</s2><s3>CHE</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town</s1><s2>Cape Town</s2><s3>ZAF</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA17 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>IeDEA Southern Africa</s1><s3>ZAF</s3></fA17><fA20><s1>1509-1520</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2012</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>26295</s2><s5>354000509007790110</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2013 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>1 p.1/4</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>13-0002885</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>TM & IH. Tropical medicine & international health</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>GBR</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>OBJECTIVES To assess the proportion of patients lost to programme (died, lost to follow-up, transferred out) between HIV diagnosis and start of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa, and determine factors associated with loss to programme. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases for studies in adults. Outcomes were the percentage of patients dying before starting ART, the percentage lost to follow-up, the percentage with a CD4 cell count, the distribution of first CD4 counts and the percentage of eligible patients starting ART. Data were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies from sub-Saharan Africa including 148 912 patients were analysed. Six studies covered the whole period from HIV diagnosis to ART start. Meta-analysis of these studies showed that of the 100 patients with a positive HIV test, 72 (95% CI 60-84) had a CD4 cell count measured, 40 (95% CI 26-55) were eligible for ART and 25 (95% CI 13-37) started ART. There was substantial heterogeneity between studies (P < 0.0001). Median CD4 cell count at presentation ranged from 154 to 274 cells/μl. Patients eligible for ART were less likely to become lost to programme (25% vs. 54%, P < 0.0001), but eligible patients were more likely to die (11% vs. 5%, P < 0.0001) than ineligible patients. Loss to programme was higher in men, in patients with low CD4 cell counts and low socio-economic status and in recent time periods. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring and care in the pre-ART time period need improvement, with greater emphasis on patients not yet eligible for ART.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002B01</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="02" i2="X"><s0>002B05C02D</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="03" i2="X"><s0>002B02S05</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>SIDA</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>AIDS</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>SIDA</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Antiviral</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Antiviral</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Antiviral</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Chimiothérapie</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Chemotherapy</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Quimioterapia</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Diagnostic</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" 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l="SPA"><s0>Virus</s0><s2>NW</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Afrique</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Africa</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Africa</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Immunodéficit</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Immune deficiency</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Inmunodeficiencia</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Immunopathologie</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Immunopathology</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Inmunopatología</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Génétique</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Genetics</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Genética</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fN21><s1>007</s1></fN21><fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1></fN44><fN82><s1>OTO</s1></fN82></pA></standard></inist><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Suisse</li></country><region><li>Canton de Berne</li></region><settlement><li>Berne</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Berne</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Suisse"><region name="Canton de Berne"><name sortKey="Mugglin, Catrina" sort="Mugglin, Catrina" uniqKey="Mugglin C" first="Catrina" last="Mugglin">Catrina Mugglin</name></region><name sortKey="Bender, Nicole" sort="Bender, Nicole" uniqKey="Bender N" first="Nicole" last="Bender">Nicole Bender</name><name sortKey="Egger, Matthias" sort="Egger, Matthias" uniqKey="Egger M" first="Matthias" last="Egger">Matthias Egger</name><name sortKey="Estill, Janne" sort="Estill, Janne" uniqKey="Estill J" first="Janne" last="Estill">Janne Estill</name><name sortKey="Gsponer, Thomas" sort="Gsponer, Thomas" uniqKey="Gsponer T" first="Thomas" last="Gsponer">Thomas Gsponer</name><name sortKey="Keiser, Olivia" sort="Keiser, Olivia" uniqKey="Keiser O" first="Olivia" last="Keiser">Olivia Keiser</name><name sortKey="Wandeler, Gilles" sort="Wandeler, Gilles" uniqKey="Wandeler G" first="Gilles" last="Wandeler">Gilles Wandeler</name><name sortKey="Wandeler, Gilles" sort="Wandeler, Gilles" uniqKey="Wandeler G" first="Gilles" last="Wandeler">Gilles Wandeler</name></country><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Egger, Matthias" sort="Egger, Matthias" uniqKey="Egger M" first="Matthias" last="Egger">Matthias Egger</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= Loss to programme between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis
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