Household Factors Associated with Self-Harm in Johannesburg, South African Urban-Poor Households
Identifieur interne : 003537 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 003536; suivant : 003538Household Factors Associated with Self-Harm in Johannesburg, South African Urban-Poor Households
Auteurs : Nisha Naicker [Afrique du Sud] ; Pieter De Jager [Afrique du Sud] ; Shan Naidoo [Afrique du Sud] ; Angela Mathee [Afrique du Sud]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Low and middle income countries bear the majority burden of self-harm, yet there is a paucity of evidence detailing risk-factors for self-harm in these populations. This study aims to identify environmental, socio-economic and demographic household-level risk factors for self-harm in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Annual serial cross-sectional surveys were undertaken in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg for the Health, Environment and Development (HEAD) study. Logistic regression analysis using the HEAD study data (2006–2011) was conducted to identify household-level risk factors associated with self-harm (defined as a self-reported case of a fatal or non-fatal suicide attempt) within the household during the preceding year. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with self-harm.
A total of 2 795 household interviews were conducted from 2006 to 2011. There was no significant trend in self-harm over time. Results from the final model showed that self-harm was significantly associated with households exposed to a violent crime during the past year (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.72; 95% CI 1.64–19.97); that have a member suffering from a chronic medical condition (AOR 8.95; 95% 2.39–33.56) and households exposed to indoor smoking (AOR 4.39; CI 95% 1.14–16.47).
This study provides evidence on household risk factors of self-harm in settings of urban poverty and has highlighted the potential for a more cost-effective approach to identifying those at risk of self-harm based on household level factors.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146239
PubMed: 26731114
PubMed Central: 4701361
Affiliations:
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sort="Naicker, Nisha" uniqKey="Naicker N" first="Nisha" last="Naicker">Nisha Naicker</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Johannesburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Jager, Pieter" sort="De Jager, Pieter" uniqKey="De Jager P" first="Pieter" last="De Jager">Pieter De Jager</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Johannesburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Naidoo, Shan" sort="Naidoo, Shan" uniqKey="Naidoo S" first="Shan" last="Naidoo">Shan Naidoo</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathee, Angela" sort="Mathee, Angela" uniqKey="Mathee A" first="Angela" last="Mathee">Angela Mathee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Johannesburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Johannesburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Introduction</title><p>Low and middle income countries bear the majority burden of self-harm, yet there is a paucity of evidence detailing risk-factors for self-harm in these populations. This study aims to identify environmental, socio-economic and demographic household-level risk factors for self-harm in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg, South Africa.</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>Annual serial cross-sectional surveys were undertaken in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg for the Health, Environment and Development (HEAD) study. Logistic regression analysis using the HEAD study data (2006–2011) was conducted to identify household-level risk factors associated with self-harm (defined as a self-reported case of a fatal or non-fatal suicide attempt) within the household during the preceding year. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with self-harm.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>A total of 2 795 household interviews were conducted from 2006 to 2011. There was no significant trend in self-harm over time. Results from the final model showed that self-harm was significantly associated with households exposed to a violent crime during the past year (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.72; 95% CI 1.64–19.97); that have a member suffering from a chronic medical condition (AOR 8.95; 95% 2.39–33.56) and households exposed to indoor smoking (AOR 4.39; CI 95% 1.14–16.47).</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusion</title><p>This study provides evidence on household risk factors of self-harm in settings of urban poverty and has highlighted the potential for a more cost-effective approach to identifying those at risk of self-harm based on household level factors.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Murray, C" uniqKey="Murray C">C Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vos, T" uniqKey="Vos T">T Vos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lozano, R" uniqKey="Lozano R">R Lozano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Naghavi, M" 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uniqKey="Li Y">Y Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cao, J" uniqKey="Cao J">J Cao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shahid, M" uniqKey="Shahid M">M Shahid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hyder, Aa" uniqKey="Hyder A">AA Hyder</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rehkopf, Dh" uniqKey="Rehkopf D">DH Rehkopf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Buka, Sl" uniqKey="Buka S">SL Buka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maselko, J" uniqKey="Maselko J">J Maselko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Patel, V" uniqKey="Patel V">V Patel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sisask, M" uniqKey="Sisask M">M Sisask</name></author><author><name sortKey="Varnik, A" uniqKey="Varnik A">A Varnik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kolves, K" uniqKey="Kolves K">K Kolves</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bertolote, Jm" uniqKey="Bertolote J">JM Bertolote</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bolhari, J" uniqKey="Bolhari J">J Bolhari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Botega, Nj" uniqKey="Botega N">NJ Botega</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kapp, C" uniqKey="Kapp C">C Kapp</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li></country><region><li>Gauteng</li></region><settlement><li>Johannesbourg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université du Witwatersrand</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Naicker, Nisha" sort="Naicker, Nisha" uniqKey="Naicker N" first="Nisha" last="Naicker">Nisha Naicker</name></noRegion><name sortKey="De Jager, Pieter" sort="De Jager, Pieter" uniqKey="De Jager P" first="Pieter" last="De Jager">Pieter De Jager</name><name sortKey="De Jager, Pieter" sort="De Jager, Pieter" uniqKey="De Jager P" first="Pieter" last="De Jager">Pieter De Jager</name><name sortKey="Mathee, Angela" sort="Mathee, Angela" uniqKey="Mathee A" first="Angela" last="Mathee">Angela Mathee</name><name sortKey="Mathee, Angela" sort="Mathee, Angela" uniqKey="Mathee A" first="Angela" last="Mathee">Angela Mathee</name><name sortKey="Mathee, Angela" sort="Mathee, Angela" uniqKey="Mathee A" first="Angela" last="Mathee">Angela Mathee</name><name sortKey="Naicker, Nisha" sort="Naicker, Nisha" uniqKey="Naicker N" first="Nisha" last="Naicker">Nisha Naicker</name><name sortKey="Naidoo, Shan" sort="Naidoo, Shan" uniqKey="Naidoo S" first="Shan" last="Naidoo">Shan Naidoo</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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