White Matter Microstructural Integrity and Neurobehavioral Outcome of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Neonates
Identifieur interne : 000C87 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 000C86; suivant : 000C88White Matter Microstructural Integrity and Neurobehavioral Outcome of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Neonates
Auteurs : Linh T. Tran ; Annerine Roos ; Jean-Paul Fouche ; Nastassja Koen ; Roger P. Woods ; Heather J. Zar ; Katherine L. Narr ; Dan J. Stein ; Kirsten A. DonaldSource :
- Medicine [ 0025-7974 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
The successful implementation of prevention programs for mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission has dramatically reduced the prevalence of infants infected with HIV while increasing that of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children. Neuropsychological assessments indicate that HEU children may exhibit differences in neurodevelopment compared to unexposed children (HUU). Pathological mechanisms leading to such neurodevelopmental delays are not clear. In this observational birth cohort study we explored the integrity of regional white matter microstructure in HEU infants, shortly after birth.
Microstructural changes in white matter associated with prenatal HIV exposure were evaluated in HEU infants (n = 15) and matched controls (n = 22) using diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics. Additionally, diffusion values were extracted and compared for white matter tracts of interest, and associations with clinical outcomes from the Dubowitz neonatal neurobehavioral tool were investigated.
Higher fractional anisotropy in the middle cerebellar peduncles of HEU compared to HUU neonates was found after correction for age and gender. Scores on the Dubowitz abnormal neurological signs subscale were positively correlated with FA (
This is the first study to present data suggesting that prenatal HIV exposure without infection is associated with altered white matter microstructural integrity in the neonatal period. Longitudinal studies of HEU infants as their brains mature are necessary to understand further the significance of prenatal HIV and antiretroviral treatment exposure on white matter integrity and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002577
PubMed: 26825902
PubMed Central: 5291572
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Tran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roos, Annerine" sort="Roos, Annerine" uniqKey="Roos A" first="Annerine" last="Roos">Annerine Roos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fouche, Jean Paul" sort="Fouche, Jean Paul" uniqKey="Fouche J" first="Jean-Paul" last="Fouche">Jean-Paul Fouche</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koen, Nastassja" sort="Koen, Nastassja" uniqKey="Koen N" first="Nastassja" last="Koen">Nastassja Koen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woods, Roger P" sort="Woods, Roger P" uniqKey="Woods R" first="Roger P." last="Woods">Roger P. Woods</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zar, Heather J" sort="Zar, Heather J" uniqKey="Zar H" first="Heather J." last="Zar">Heather J. Zar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Narr, Katherine L" sort="Narr, Katherine L" uniqKey="Narr K" first="Katherine L." last="Narr">Katherine L. Narr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stein, Dan J" sort="Stein, Dan J" uniqKey="Stein D" first="Dan J." last="Stein">Dan J. Stein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Donald, Kirsten A" sort="Donald, Kirsten A" uniqKey="Donald K" first="Kirsten A." last="Donald">Kirsten A. Donald</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Medicine</title><idno type="ISSN">0025-7974</idno><idno type="eISSN">1536-5964</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Abstract</title><p>The successful implementation of prevention programs for mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission has dramatically reduced the prevalence of infants infected with HIV while increasing that of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children. Neuropsychological assessments indicate that HEU children may exhibit differences in neurodevelopment compared to unexposed children (HUU). Pathological mechanisms leading to such neurodevelopmental delays are not clear. In this observational birth cohort study we explored the integrity of regional white matter microstructure in HEU infants, shortly after birth.</p><p>Microstructural changes in white matter associated with prenatal HIV exposure were evaluated in HEU infants (n = 15) and matched controls (n = 22) using diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics. Additionally, diffusion values were extracted and compared for white matter tracts of interest, and associations with clinical outcomes from the Dubowitz neonatal neurobehavioral tool were investigated.</p><p>Higher fractional anisotropy in the middle cerebellar peduncles of HEU compared to HUU neonates was found after correction for age and gender. Scores on the Dubowitz abnormal neurological signs subscale were positively correlated with FA (<italic>r</italic> = 0.58, <italic>P</italic> = 0.038) in the left uncinate fasciculus in HEU infants.</p><p>This is the first study to present data suggesting that prenatal HIV exposure without infection is associated with altered white matter microstructural integrity in the neonatal period. Longitudinal studies of HEU infants as their brains mature are necessary to understand further the significance of prenatal HIV and antiretroviral treatment exposure on white matter integrity and neurodevelopmental outcomes.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mutevedzi, Pc" uniqKey="Mutevedzi P">PC Mutevedzi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Newell, Ml" uniqKey="Newell M">ML Newell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Victoria, M" uniqKey="Victoria M">M Victoria</name></author><author><name sortKey="Granich, R" uniqKey="Granich R">R Granich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gilks, Cf" uniqKey="Gilks C">CF Gilks</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barron, P" uniqKey="Barron P">P Barron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pillay, Y" uniqKey="Pillay Y">Y Pillay</name></author><author><name 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uniqKey="Kakkar F">F Kakkar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lamarre, V" uniqKey="Lamarre V">V Lamarre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ducruet, T" uniqKey="Ducruet T">T Ducruet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Meyer, U" uniqKey="Meyer U">U Meyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Feldon, J" uniqKey="Feldon J">J Feldon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yee, Bk" uniqKey="Yee B">BK Yee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bilbo, Sd" uniqKey="Bilbo S">SD Bilbo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwarz, Jm" uniqKey="Schwarz J">JM Schwarz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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