Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana
Identifieur interne : 003670 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 003669; suivant : 003671Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana
Auteurs : Jean-Pierre Allain ; Ohene Opare-Sem ; Francis Sarkodie ; Rabiatu Rahman ; Shirley Owusu-OforiSource :
- Transfusion [ 0041-1132 ] ; 2009-04.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Allain, Antiviral treatment, Appropriate information, April, Asymptomatic, Blood center, Blood donor, Blood donor screening, Blood donors, Blood safety, Blood testing, Candidate donors, Candotti, Deferral, Donation, Donor, Donor care, Donor care program, Donor testing, General population, Ghana, Hbsag, Hepatitis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, High odds, Hospital staff, Information sheet, Kath, Komfo anokye teaching hospital, Kumasi, Liver disease, Outpatient aids clinic, Personal health, Potential blood donors, Predonation, Predonation testing, Public health impact, Rapid tests, Reactive, Reactive tests, Regional hospital blood center, Replacement donors, Sarkodie, Secondary school students, Transfusion, Transfusion medicine unit, Transfusion volume, Viral, Viral hepatitis, Viral infections, Viral marker, Virus infection, Volunteer, Volunteer donors, Volunteer population, West africa, Young students.
- Teeft :
- Allain, Antiviral treatment, Appropriate information, April, Asymptomatic, Blood center, Blood donor, Blood donor screening, Blood donors, Blood safety, Blood testing, Candidate donors, Candotti, Deferral, Donation, Donor, Donor care, Donor care program, Donor testing, General population, Ghana, Hbsag, Hepatitis, Hepatocellular carcinoma, High odds, Hospital staff, Information sheet, Kath, Komfo anokye teaching hospital, Kumasi, Liver disease, Outpatient aids clinic, Personal health, Potential blood donors, Predonation, Predonation testing, Public health impact, Rapid tests, Reactive, Reactive tests, Regional hospital blood center, Replacement donors, Sarkodie, Secondary school students, Transfusion, Transfusion medicine unit, Transfusion volume, Viral, Viral hepatitis, Viral infections, Viral marker, Virus infection, Volunteer, Volunteer donors, Volunteer population, West africa, Young students.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In sub‐Saharan Africa, the viral marker burden in blood donor populations ranges between 10 and 30 percent. Deferred donors constitute a rare population of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐ and hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected individuals with high likelihood of long survival if cared for. Deferred donor care provides an opportunity for a public health impact on highly pathogenic infections.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02055.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:A62341EBA8A9B4616F6849448F7E756530C9B022Le document en format XML
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and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Owusu Fori, Shirley" sort="Owusu Fori, Shirley" uniqKey="Owusu Fori S" first="Shirley" last="Owusu-Ofori">Shirley Owusu-Ofori</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Transfusion</title><title level="j" type="alt">TRANSFUSION</title><idno type="ISSN">0041-1132</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-2995</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">49</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="669">669</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="675">675</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-04">2009-04</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0041-1132</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0041-1132</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Allain</term><term>Antiviral treatment</term><term>Appropriate information</term><term>April</term><term>Asymptomatic</term><term>Blood center</term><term>Blood donor</term><term>Blood donor screening</term><term>Blood donors</term><term>Blood safety</term><term>Blood testing</term><term>Candidate donors</term><term>Candotti</term><term>Deferral</term><term>Donation</term><term>Donor</term><term>Donor care</term><term>Donor care program</term><term>Donor testing</term><term>General population</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Hbsag</term><term>Hepatitis</term><term>Hepatocellular carcinoma</term><term>High odds</term><term>Hospital staff</term><term>Information sheet</term><term>Kath</term><term>Komfo anokye teaching hospital</term><term>Kumasi</term><term>Liver disease</term><term>Outpatient aids clinic</term><term>Personal health</term><term>Potential blood donors</term><term>Predonation</term><term>Predonation testing</term><term>Public health impact</term><term>Rapid tests</term><term>Reactive</term><term>Reactive tests</term><term>Regional hospital blood center</term><term>Replacement donors</term><term>Sarkodie</term><term>Secondary school students</term><term>Transfusion</term><term>Transfusion medicine unit</term><term>Transfusion volume</term><term>Viral</term><term>Viral hepatitis</term><term>Viral infections</term><term>Viral marker</term><term>Virus infection</term><term>Volunteer</term><term>Volunteer donors</term><term>Volunteer population</term><term>West africa</term><term>Young students</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Allain</term><term>Antiviral treatment</term><term>Appropriate information</term><term>April</term><term>Asymptomatic</term><term>Blood center</term><term>Blood donor</term><term>Blood donor screening</term><term>Blood donors</term><term>Blood safety</term><term>Blood testing</term><term>Candidate donors</term><term>Candotti</term><term>Deferral</term><term>Donation</term><term>Donor</term><term>Donor care</term><term>Donor care program</term><term>Donor testing</term><term>General population</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Hbsag</term><term>Hepatitis</term><term>Hepatocellular carcinoma</term><term>High odds</term><term>Hospital staff</term><term>Information sheet</term><term>Kath</term><term>Komfo anokye teaching hospital</term><term>Kumasi</term><term>Liver disease</term><term>Outpatient aids clinic</term><term>Personal health</term><term>Potential blood donors</term><term>Predonation</term><term>Predonation testing</term><term>Public health impact</term><term>Rapid tests</term><term>Reactive</term><term>Reactive tests</term><term>Regional hospital blood center</term><term>Replacement donors</term><term>Sarkodie</term><term>Secondary school students</term><term>Transfusion</term><term>Transfusion medicine unit</term><term>Transfusion volume</term><term>Viral</term><term>Viral hepatitis</term><term>Viral infections</term><term>Viral marker</term><term>Virus infection</term><term>Volunteer</term><term>Volunteer donors</term><term>Volunteer population</term><term>West africa</term><term>Young students</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">BACKGROUND: In sub‐Saharan Africa, the viral marker burden in blood donor populations ranges between 10 and 30 percent. Deferred donors constitute a rare population of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐ and hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected individuals with high likelihood of long survival if cared for. 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and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ohene Opare‐Sem</name><affiliations><json:string>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Francis Sarkodie</name><affiliations><json:string>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rabiatu Rahman</name><affiliations><json:string>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Shirley Owusu‐Ofori</name><affiliations><json:string>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>TRF02055</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><qualityIndicators><score>4.877</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>594 x 783 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>421</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4157</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>26496</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>60</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Transfusion</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1537-2995</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0041-1132</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1537-2995</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>TRF</json:string></publisherId><volume>49</volume><issue>4</issue><pages><first>669</first><last>675</last><total>7</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>hematology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>cardiovascular system & hematology</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>2009</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2009</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02055.x</json:string></doi><id>A62341EBA8A9B4616F6849448F7E756530C9B022</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A62341EBA8A9B4616F6849448F7E756530C9B022/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A62341EBA8A9B4616F6849448F7E756530C9B022/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/A62341EBA8A9B4616F6849448F7E756530C9B022/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main">Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><availability><licence>© 2008 American Association of Blood Banks</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2009-04"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana</title><title level="a" type="short">DEFERRED DONOR CARE IN AFRICA</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Jean‐Pierre</forename><surname>Allain</surname></persName><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Ohene</forename><surname>Opare‐Sem</surname></persName><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Francis</forename><surname>Sarkodie</surname></persName><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Rabiatu</forename><surname>Rahman</surname></persName><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Shirley</forename><surname>Owusu‐Ofori</surname></persName><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">A62341EBA8A9B4616F6849448F7E756530C9B022</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-4CZWBXW0-Q</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02055.x</idno><idno type="unit">TRF02055</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:TRF.TRF02055.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Transfusion</title><title level="j" type="alt">TRANSFUSION</title><idno type="pISSN">0041-1132</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-2995</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1537-2995</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/trf.2009.49.issue-4</idno><idno type="product">TRF</idno><idno type="publisherDivision">ST</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">49</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="669">669</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="675">675</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><pubPlace>Malden, USA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-04"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><p><hi rend="bold">BACKGROUND:</hi> In sub‐Saharan Africa, the viral marker burden in blood donor populations ranges between 10 and 30 percent. Deferred donors constitute a rare population of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐ and hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected individuals with high likelihood of long survival if cared for. Deferred donor care provides an opportunity for a public health impact on highly pathogenic infections.</p><p><hi rend="bold">STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:</hi> Between 2004 and 2007, all candidate donors deferred before donation for reactivity of anti‐HIV, hepatitis C virus antibody (anti‐HCV), and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid tests were informed and referred to a donor care program consisting of test confirmation, information, counseling, and potential referral for follow‐up and therapy. Dedicated trained nurses supervised the program including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level testing to identify liver disease.</p><p><hi rend="bold">RESULTS:</hi> In a 4‐year period 51,100 donors were screened and 5778, 1578, and 227 candidate donors were deferred for reactivity to HBV, HIV, or HCV serologic markers, respectively. The rates of entry into the donor care program were 48, 14.3, and 22 percent of deferred donors, respectively. A total of 83 of 210 HBsAg‐positive donors with elevated ALT levels were referred and 66 received antiviral treatment. A total of 89 of 516 confirmed anti‐HIV–positive donors were referred to the hospital acquired immune deficiency syndrome clinic for follow‐up.</p><p><hi rend="bold">CONCLUSIONS:</hi> With little additional expense, the deferred donor care program identified asymptomatic infections with high odds of benefiting from monitoring and therapy. In the local circumstances, this public health–limited but definite impact was permitted by the rapid‐test predonation screening, and this impact could be increased if more resources were available.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>BLOOD DONORS AND BLOOD COLLECTION</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A62341EBA8A9B4616F6849448F7E756530C9B022/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisherName><publisherLoc>Malden, USA</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1537-2995</doi><issn type="print">0041-1132</issn><issn type="electronic">1537-2995</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="TRF"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="TRANSFUSION">Transfusion</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="04004"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/trf.2009.49.issue-4</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="49">49</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="4">4</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2009-04">April 2009</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="12" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02055.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="TRF02055"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="7"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">BLOOD DONORS AND BLOOD COLLECTION</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2008 American Association of Blood Banks</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2009-01-02"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2009-03-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:2.3.5 mode:FullText source:FullText result:FullText" date="2010-04-06"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-10"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-11-04"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="669">669</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="675">675</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Professor Jean‐Pierre Allain, Department of Haematology, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 2PT, UK; e‐mail: <email>jpa1000@cam.ac.uk</email>.
</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:TRF.TRF02055.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received for publication September 6, 2008; accepted October 14, 2008.</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="3"></count><count type="formulaTotal" number="0"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="15"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="4827"></count><count type="linksPubMed" number="0"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="0"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana</title><title type="shortAuthors">ALLAIN ET AL.</title><title type="short">DEFERRED DONOR CARE IN AFRICA</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>Jean‐Pierre</givenNames><familyName>Allain</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>Ohene</givenNames><familyName>Opare‐Sem</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>Francis</givenNames><familyName>Sarkodie</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>Rabiatu</givenNames><familyName>Rahman</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#aff-1-1"><personName><givenNames>Shirley</givenNames><familyName>Owusu‐Ofori</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="aff-1-1" countryCode="GH"><unparsedAffiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND:</b> In sub‐Saharan Africa, the viral marker burden in blood donor populations ranges between 10 and 30 percent. Deferred donors constitute a rare population of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐ and hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected individuals with high likelihood of long survival if cared for. Deferred donor care provides an opportunity for a public health impact on highly pathogenic infections.</p><p><b>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:</b> Between 2004 and 2007, all candidate donors deferred before donation for reactivity of anti‐HIV, hepatitis C virus antibody (anti‐HCV), and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid tests were informed and referred to a donor care program consisting of test confirmation, information, counseling, and potential referral for follow‐up and therapy. Dedicated trained nurses supervised the program including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level testing to identify liver disease.</p><p><b>RESULTS:</b> In a 4‐year period 51,100 donors were screened and 5778, 1578, and 227 candidate donors were deferred for reactivity to HBV, HIV, or HCV serologic markers, respectively. The rates of entry into the donor care program were 48, 14.3, and 22 percent of deferred donors, respectively. A total of 83 of 210 HBsAg‐positive donors with elevated ALT levels were referred and 66 received antiviral treatment. A total of 89 of 516 confirmed anti‐HIV–positive donors were referred to the hospital acquired immune deficiency syndrome clinic for follow‐up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b> With little additional expense, the deferred donor care program identified asymptomatic infections with high odds of benefiting from monitoring and therapy. In the local circumstances, this public health–limited but definite impact was permitted by the rapid‐test predonation screening, and this impact could be increased if more resources were available.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>DEFERRED DONOR CARE IN AFRICA</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Deferred donor care in a regional hospital blood center in Ghana</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean‐Pierre</namePart><namePart type="family">Allain</namePart><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ohene</namePart><namePart type="family">Opare‐Sem</namePart><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Francis</namePart><namePart type="family">Sarkodie</namePart><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rabiatu</namePart><namePart type="family">Rahman</namePart><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Shirley</namePart><namePart type="family">Owusu‐Ofori</namePart><affiliation>From the Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; and the Department of Medicine, and the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Malden, USA</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2009-04</dateIssued><edition>Received for publication September 6, 2008; accepted October 14, 2008.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2009</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">0</extent><extent unit="tables">3</extent><extent unit="formulas">0</extent><extent unit="references">15</extent><extent unit="linksCrossRef">0</extent><extent unit="words">4827</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>BACKGROUND: In sub‐Saharan Africa, the viral marker burden in blood donor populations ranges between 10 and 30 percent. Deferred donors constitute a rare population of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐ and hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected individuals with high likelihood of long survival if cared for. Deferred donor care provides an opportunity for a public health impact on highly pathogenic infections.</abstract><abstract>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Between 2004 and 2007, all candidate donors deferred before donation for reactivity of anti‐HIV, hepatitis C virus antibody (anti‐HCV), and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) rapid tests were informed and referred to a donor care program consisting of test confirmation, information, counseling, and potential referral for follow‐up and therapy. Dedicated trained nurses supervised the program including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level testing to identify liver disease.</abstract><abstract>RESULTS: In a 4‐year period 51,100 donors were screened and 5778, 1578, and 227 candidate donors were deferred for reactivity to HBV, HIV, or HCV serologic markers, respectively. The rates of entry into the donor care program were 48, 14.3, and 22 percent of deferred donors, respectively. A total of 83 of 210 HBsAg‐positive donors with elevated ALT levels were referred and 66 received antiviral treatment. A total of 89 of 516 confirmed anti‐HIV–positive donors were referred to the hospital acquired immune deficiency syndrome clinic for follow‐up.</abstract><abstract>CONCLUSIONS: With little additional expense, the deferred donor care program identified asymptomatic infections with high odds of benefiting from monitoring and therapy. 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