Diverse genotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) identified in infant blood infections in African childhood‐KS and HIV/AIDS endemic region
Identifieur interne : 001261 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001260; suivant : 001262Diverse genotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) identified in infant blood infections in African childhood‐KS and HIV/AIDS endemic region
Auteurs : F. C. Kasolo ; J. Spinks ; H. Bima ; M. Bates ; U. A. GompelsSource :
- Journal of Medical Virology [ 0146-6615 ] ; 2007-10.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- African children, African countries, African regions, Biopsy samples, Blood samples, Bootstrap analyses, Childhood infection, Coding changes, Diarrhoea fever, Diarrhoea fever fever fever, Diverse genotypes, Diverse genotypes african infant kshv infections, Early infections, Endemic, Endemic region, Endemic regions, Febrile infants, Genome, Genomic sequence, Genotype, Hcmv, Herpesvirus, Human herpesvirus, Human strains, Inclusion criteria, Infant infections, Infection, Infectious diseases, Kakoola, Kaposi herpesvirus, Kasolo, Kshv, Kshv genotypes, Kshv sequences, Lacoste, Larger group, London school, London wc1e, Lxxll motif, Mbulaiteye, Multiple loci, Multiple markers, Negative infants, Nucleotide, Nucleotide sequencing, Open reading frame, Poole, Previous studies, Rash fever, Reference genotypes, Right hand, Risk factors, Sarcoma, Sequence analyses, Sequencing, Siblings transmission, Tract infection, Tract infections, Uganda, Unique signatures, University teaching hospital, Urti, Virol, Whitby, Zambia.
- Teeft :
- African children, African countries, African regions, Biopsy samples, Blood samples, Bootstrap analyses, Childhood infection, Coding changes, Diarrhoea fever, Diarrhoea fever fever fever, Diverse genotypes, Diverse genotypes african infant kshv infections, Early infections, Endemic, Endemic region, Endemic regions, Febrile infants, Genome, Genomic sequence, Genotype, Hcmv, Herpesvirus, Human herpesvirus, Human strains, Inclusion criteria, Infant infections, Infection, Infectious diseases, Kakoola, Kaposi herpesvirus, Kasolo, Kshv, Kshv genotypes, Kshv sequences, Lacoste, Larger group, London school, London wc1e, Lxxll motif, Mbulaiteye, Multiple loci, Multiple markers, Negative infants, Nucleotide, Nucleotide sequencing, Open reading frame, Poole, Previous studies, Rash fever, Reference genotypes, Right hand, Risk factors, Sarcoma, Sequence analyses, Sequencing, Siblings transmission, Tract infection, Tract infections, Uganda, Unique signatures, University teaching hospital, Urti, Virol, Whitby, Zambia.
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV‐8) has been associated with several neoplasias, including childhood endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is possible that strain genotypes could contribute to the differences in regional presentation (mainly sub‐Saharan Africa), childhood infection, lack of male sex bias, distinct disseminated forms and rapid fatality observed for childhood endemic KS. Early studies, at the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified only the K1‐A5 genotype in childhood KS biopsies as well as blood of a few HIV positive and negative febrile infants in Zambia, a highly endemic region. This current enlarged study analyses blood infections of 200 hospitalized infants (6–34 months age) with symptoms of fever as well as upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, rash or rhinitis. KSHV and HIV viraemia and were prevalent in this group, 22% and 39%, respectively. Multiple markers at both variable ends of the genome (K1, K12, and K14.1/K15) were examined, showing diverse previously adult‐linked genotypes (K1 A2, A5, B, C3, D, with K12 B1 and B2 plus K14.1/K15 P or M) detected in both HIV positive and negative infants, demonstrating little restriction on KSHV genotypes for infant/childhood transmission in a childhood endemic KS endemic region. This supports the interpretation that the acquisition of childhood KSHV infections and subsequent development of KS are due to additional co‐factors. J. Med. Virol. 79:1555–1561, 2007. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20952
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ISTEX:39E1CDCBDE12255AABA29A7DB53DAF57791E2FDFLe document en format XML
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to="1561">1561</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2007-10">2007-10</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>African children</term><term>African countries</term><term>African regions</term><term>Biopsy samples</term><term>Blood samples</term><term>Bootstrap analyses</term><term>Childhood infection</term><term>Coding changes</term><term>Diarrhoea fever</term><term>Diarrhoea fever fever fever</term><term>Diverse genotypes</term><term>Diverse genotypes african infant kshv infections</term><term>Early infections</term><term>Endemic</term><term>Endemic region</term><term>Endemic regions</term><term>Febrile infants</term><term>Genome</term><term>Genomic sequence</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Hcmv</term><term>Herpesvirus</term><term>Human herpesvirus</term><term>Human strains</term><term>Inclusion criteria</term><term>Infant infections</term><term>Infection</term><term>Infectious diseases</term><term>Kakoola</term><term>Kaposi herpesvirus</term><term>Kasolo</term><term>Kshv</term><term>Kshv genotypes</term><term>Kshv sequences</term><term>Lacoste</term><term>Larger group</term><term>London school</term><term>London wc1e</term><term>Lxxll motif</term><term>Mbulaiteye</term><term>Multiple loci</term><term>Multiple markers</term><term>Negative infants</term><term>Nucleotide</term><term>Nucleotide sequencing</term><term>Open reading frame</term><term>Poole</term><term>Previous studies</term><term>Rash fever</term><term>Reference genotypes</term><term>Right hand</term><term>Risk factors</term><term>Sarcoma</term><term>Sequence analyses</term><term>Sequencing</term><term>Siblings transmission</term><term>Tract infection</term><term>Tract 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hospital</term><term>Urti</term><term>Virol</term><term>Whitby</term><term>Zambia</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV‐8) has been associated with several neoplasias, including childhood endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is possible that strain genotypes could contribute to the differences in regional presentation (mainly sub‐Saharan Africa), childhood infection, lack of male sex bias, distinct disseminated forms and rapid fatality observed for childhood endemic KS. Early studies, at the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified only the K1‐A5 genotype in childhood KS biopsies as well as blood of a few HIV positive and negative febrile infants in Zambia, a highly endemic region. This current enlarged study analyses blood infections of 200 hospitalized infants (6–34 months age) with symptoms of fever as well as upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, rash or rhinitis. KSHV and HIV viraemia and were prevalent in this group, 22% and 39%, respectively. Multiple markers at both variable ends of the genome (K1, K12, and K14.1/K15) were examined, showing diverse previously adult‐linked genotypes (K1 A2, A5, B, C3, D, with K12 B1 and B2 plus K14.1/K15 P or M) detected in both HIV positive and negative infants, demonstrating little restriction on KSHV genotypes for infant/childhood transmission in a childhood endemic KS endemic region. This supports the interpretation that the acquisition of childhood KSHV infections and subsequent development of KS are due to additional co‐factors. J. Med. Virol. 79:1555–1561, 2007. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>genotype</json:string><json:string>kshv</json:string><json:string>herpesvirus</json:string><json:string>virol</json:string><json:string>urti</json:string><json:string>zambia</json:string><json:string>mbulaiteye</json:string><json:string>whitby</json:string><json:string>poole</json:string><json:string>kasolo</json:string><json:string>sarcoma</json:string><json:string>human herpesvirus</json:string><json:string>genome</json:string><json:string>endemic</json:string><json:string>kakoola</json:string><json:string>uganda</json:string><json:string>hcmv</json:string><json:string>sequencing</json:string><json:string>lacoste</json:string><json:string>endemic region</json:string><json:string>nucleotide sequencing</json:string><json:string>sequence analyses</json:string><json:string>diverse genotypes</json:string><json:string>kaposi herpesvirus</json:string><json:string>infant infections</json:string><json:string>london school</json:string><json:string>childhood infection</json:string><json:string>kshv sequences</json:string><json:string>university teaching hospital</json:string><json:string>african children</json:string><json:string>infection</json:string><json:string>nucleotide</json:string><json:string>infectious diseases</json:string><json:string>tract infection</json:string><json:string>multiple markers</json:string><json:string>siblings transmission</json:string><json:string>early infections</json:string><json:string>endemic regions</json:string><json:string>larger group</json:string><json:string>blood samples</json:string><json:string>inclusion criteria</json:string><json:string>risk factors</json:string><json:string>negative infants</json:string><json:string>unique signatures</json:string><json:string>kshv genotypes</json:string><json:string>bootstrap analyses</json:string><json:string>diverse genotypes african infant kshv infections</json:string><json:string>febrile infants</json:string><json:string>london wc1e</json:string><json:string>diarrhoea fever fever fever</json:string><json:string>diarrhoea fever</json:string><json:string>rash fever</json:string><json:string>tract infections</json:string><json:string>biopsy samples</json:string><json:string>previous studies</json:string><json:string>multiple loci</json:string><json:string>reference genotypes</json:string><json:string>genomic sequence</json:string><json:string>coding changes</json:string><json:string>lxxll motif</json:string><json:string>african regions</json:string><json:string>human strains</json:string><json:string>african countries</json:string><json:string>open reading frame</json:string><json:string>right hand</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>F.C. Kasolo</name><affiliations><json:string>Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia</json:string><json:string>Current Address: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, World Health Organisation AFRO, Harare, Zimbabwe.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J. Spinks</name><affiliations><json:string>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>H. Bima</name><affiliations><json:string>Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Bates</name><affiliations><json:string>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>U.A. Gompels</name><affiliations><json:string>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom</json:string><json:string>Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT, UK.===</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>HHV‐8</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>childhood endemic KS</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>HIV/AIDS</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>virus genotype</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JMV20952</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV‐8) has been associated with several neoplasias, including childhood endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is possible that strain genotypes could contribute to the differences in regional presentation (mainly sub‐Saharan Africa), childhood infection, lack of male sex bias, distinct disseminated forms and rapid fatality observed for childhood endemic KS. Early studies, at the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified only the K1‐A5 genotype in childhood KS biopsies as well as blood of a few HIV positive and negative febrile infants in Zambia, a highly endemic region. This current enlarged study analyses blood infections of 200 hospitalized infants (6–34 months age) with symptoms of fever as well as upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, rash or rhinitis. KSHV and HIV viraemia and were prevalent in this group, 22% and 39%, respectively. Multiple markers at both variable ends of the genome (K1, K12, and K14.1/K15) were examined, showing diverse previously adult‐linked genotypes (K1 A2, A5, B, C3, D, with K12 B1 and B2 plus K14.1/K15 P or M) detected in both HIV positive and negative infants, demonstrating little restriction on KSHV genotypes for infant/childhood transmission in a childhood endemic KS endemic region. This supports the interpretation that the acquisition of childhood KSHV infections and subsequent development of KS are due to additional co‐factors. J. Med. 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xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">F.C.</forename><surname>Kasolo</surname></persName><affiliation>Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia<address><country key="ZM"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Current Address: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, World Health Organisation AFRO, Harare, Zimbabwe.<address><country key="ZW"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">J.</forename><surname>Spinks</surname></persName><affiliation>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom<address><country key="GB"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">H.</forename><surname>Bima</surname></persName><affiliation>Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia<address><country key="ZM"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Bates</surname></persName><affiliation>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom<address><country key="GB"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">U.A.</forename><surname>Gompels</surname></persName><email>ursula.gompels@lshtm.ac.uk</email><affiliation>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom<address><country key="GB"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT, UK.===</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">39E1CDCBDE12255AABA29A7DB53DAF57791E2FDF</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-BWH9169T-P</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/jmv.20952</idno><idno type="unit">JMV20952</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JMV.JMV20952.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY</title><idno type="pISSN">0146-6615</idno><idno type="eISSN">1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/jmv.v79:10</idno><idno type="product">JMV</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">79</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1555">1555</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1561">1561</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2007-10"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p>Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV‐8) has been associated with several neoplasias, including childhood endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is possible that strain genotypes could contribute to the differences in regional presentation (mainly sub‐Saharan Africa), childhood infection, lack of male sex bias, distinct disseminated forms and rapid fatality observed for childhood endemic KS. Early studies, at the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified only the K1‐A5 genotype in childhood KS biopsies as well as blood of a few HIV positive and negative febrile infants in Zambia, a highly endemic region. This current enlarged study analyses blood infections of 200 hospitalized infants (6–34 months age) with symptoms of fever as well as upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, rash or rhinitis. KSHV and HIV viraemia and were prevalent in this group, 22% and 39%, respectively. Multiple markers at both variable ends of the genome (K1, K12, and K14.1/K15) were examined, showing diverse previously adult‐linked genotypes (K1 A2, A5, B, C3, D, with K12 B1 and B2 plus K14.1/K15 P or M) detected in both HIV positive and negative infants, demonstrating little restriction on KSHV genotypes for infant/childhood transmission in a childhood endemic KS endemic region. This supports the interpretation that the acquisition of childhood KSHV infections and subsequent development of KS are due to additional co‐factors. J. Med. Virol. 79:1555–1561, 2007. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="kwd1">Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus</term><term xml:id="kwd2">HHV‐8</term><term xml:id="kwd3">childhood endemic KS</term><term xml:id="kwd4">HIV/AIDS</term><term xml:id="kwd5">virus genotype</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Research Article</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/39E1CDCBDE12255AABA29A7DB53DAF57791E2FDF/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</doi><issn type="print">0146-6615</issn><issn type="electronic">1096-9071</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JMV"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title type="short">J. 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Virol.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="100"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/jmv.v79:10</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="79">79</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">10</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2007-10">October 2007</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="160" status="forIssue" accessType="open"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/jmv.20952</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JMV20952"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="7"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Research Article</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2007-06-07"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2007-08-17"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2007-08-17"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:2.3.10 mode:FullText" date="2010-06-28"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">1555</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">1561</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT, UK.===</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JMV.JMV20952.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="4"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="38"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="1436"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Diverse genotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) identified in infant blood infections in African childhood‐KS and HIV/AIDS endemic region</title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Diverse Genotypes African Infant KSHV Infections</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" currentRef="#curr1"><personName><givenNames>F.C.</givenNames><familyName>Kasolo</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af2"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames><familyName>Spinks</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>H.</givenNames><familyName>Bima</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af2"><personName><givenNames>M.</givenNames><familyName>Bates</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af2" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>U.A.</givenNames><familyName>Gompels</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>ursula.gompels@lshtm.ac.uk</email></contactDetails></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="ZM" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="GB" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="curr1" countryCode="ZW"><unparsedAffiliation>Vaccine Preventable Diseases, World Health Organisation AFRO, Harare, Zimbabwe.</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">HHV‐8</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">childhood endemic KS</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">HIV/AIDS</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">virus genotype</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV‐8) has been associated with several neoplasias, including childhood endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is possible that strain genotypes could contribute to the differences in regional presentation (mainly sub‐Saharan Africa), childhood infection, lack of male sex bias, distinct disseminated forms and rapid fatality observed for childhood endemic KS. Early studies, at the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified only the K1‐A5 genotype in childhood KS biopsies as well as blood of a few HIV positive and negative febrile infants in Zambia, a highly endemic region. This current enlarged study analyses blood infections of 200 hospitalized infants (6–34 months age) with symptoms of fever as well as upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, rash or rhinitis. KSHV and HIV viraemia and were prevalent in this group, 22% and 39%, respectively. Multiple markers at both variable ends of the genome (K1, K12, and K14.1/K15) were examined, showing diverse previously adult‐linked genotypes (K1 A2, A5, B, C3, D, with K12 B1 and B2 plus K14.1/K15 P or M) detected in both HIV positive and negative infants, demonstrating little restriction on KSHV genotypes for infant/childhood transmission in a childhood endemic KS endemic region. This supports the interpretation that the acquisition of childhood KSHV infections and subsequent development of KS are due to additional co‐factors. J. Med. Virol. 79:1555–1561, 2007. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Diverse genotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) identified in infant blood infections in African childhood‐KS and HIV/AIDS endemic region</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Diverse Genotypes African Infant KSHV Infections</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Diverse genotypes of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) identified in infant blood infections in African childhood‐KS and HIV/AIDS endemic region</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kasolo</namePart><affiliation>Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia</affiliation><affiliation>Current Address: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, World Health Organisation AFRO, Harare, Zimbabwe.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Spinks</namePart><affiliation>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bima</namePart><affiliation>Virology Department, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bates</namePart><affiliation>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">U.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Gompels</namePart><affiliation>Pathogen Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., University of London, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: ursula.gompels@lshtm.ac.uk</affiliation><affiliation>Correspondence address: Department of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT, UK.===</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2007-10</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2007-06-07</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2007</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">4</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="references">38</extent><extent unit="words">1436</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV‐8) has been associated with several neoplasias, including childhood endemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is possible that strain genotypes could contribute to the differences in regional presentation (mainly sub‐Saharan Africa), childhood infection, lack of male sex bias, distinct disseminated forms and rapid fatality observed for childhood endemic KS. Early studies, at the advent of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified only the K1‐A5 genotype in childhood KS biopsies as well as blood of a few HIV positive and negative febrile infants in Zambia, a highly endemic region. This current enlarged study analyses blood infections of 200 hospitalized infants (6–34 months age) with symptoms of fever as well as upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, rash or rhinitis. KSHV and HIV viraemia and were prevalent in this group, 22% and 39%, respectively. Multiple markers at both variable ends of the genome (K1, K12, and K14.1/K15) were examined, showing diverse previously adult‐linked genotypes (K1 A2, A5, B, C3, D, with K12 B1 and B2 plus K14.1/K15 P or M) detected in both HIV positive and negative infants, demonstrating little restriction on KSHV genotypes for infant/childhood transmission in a childhood endemic KS endemic region. This supports the interpretation that the acquisition of childhood KSHV infections and subsequent development of KS are due to additional co‐factors. J. Med. Virol. 79:1555–1561, 2007. © Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus</topic><topic>HHV‐8</topic><topic>childhood endemic KS</topic><topic>HIV/AIDS</topic><topic>virus genotype</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Medical Virology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. Med. 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