Artemisinin-based combination therapy availability and use in the private sector of five AMFm phase 1 countries.
Identifieur interne : 000804 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000803; suivant : 000805Artemisinin-based combination therapy availability and use in the private sector of five AMFm phase 1 countries.
Auteurs : Ben Davis [France] ; Joel Ladner ; Kelley Sams ; Ebru Tekinturhan ; Donald De Korte ; Joseph SabaSource :
- Malaria journal [ 1475-2875 ] ; 2013.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- traitement médicamenteux : Paludisme.
- usage thérapeutique : Artémisinines.
- Accessibilité des services de santé, Afrique, Association de médicaments, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Entretiens comme sujet, Humains, Pharmacies, Secteur privé, Évaluation de programme.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Artemisinins.
- geographic : Africa.
- drug therapy : Malaria.
- methods : Drug Therapy, Combination.
- Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Pharmacies, Private Sector, Program Evaluation, Surveys and Questionnaires.
Abstract
In 2009, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria established the Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria (AMFm) in order to increase access to quality-assured artemisinin combination therapy (QAACT). AMFm Phase 1, which includes nine pilot programmes in eight countries, was launched in 2009. The objective of this study was to assess anti-malarial stock and purchase patterns at private outlets in five AMFm Phase 1 countries in regard to three of the core AMFm goals: increase the affordability of QAACT, increase the availability of QAACT, and crowd out artemisinin monotherapies and other substandard therapies.
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-135
PubMed: 23607504
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Tekinturhan</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Korte, Donald" sort="De Korte, Donald" uniqKey="De Korte D" first="Donald" last="De Korte">Donald De Korte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saba, Joseph" sort="Saba, Joseph" uniqKey="Saba J" first="Joseph" last="Saba">Joseph Saba</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:23607504</idno><idno type="pmid">23607504</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/1475-2875-12-135</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000804</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000804</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000804</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000804</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Artemisinin-based combination therapy availability and use in the private sector of five AMFm phase 1 countries.</title><author><name sortKey="Davis, Ben" sort="Davis, Ben" uniqKey="Davis B" first="Ben" last="Davis">Ben Davis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Axios International, 7, Boulevard de Madeleine, Paris, 75001, France. joseph.saba@axiosint.com</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Axios International, 7, Boulevard de Madeleine, Paris, 75001</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ladner, Joel" sort="Ladner, Joel" uniqKey="Ladner J" first="Joel" last="Ladner">Joel Ladner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sams, Kelley" sort="Sams, Kelley" uniqKey="Sams K" first="Kelley" last="Sams">Kelley Sams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tekinturhan, Ebru" sort="Tekinturhan, Ebru" uniqKey="Tekinturhan E" first="Ebru" last="Tekinturhan">Ebru Tekinturhan</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Korte, Donald" sort="De Korte, Donald" uniqKey="De Korte D" first="Donald" last="De Korte">Donald De Korte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saba, Joseph" sort="Saba, Joseph" uniqKey="Saba J" first="Joseph" last="Saba">Joseph Saba</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Malaria journal</title><idno type="eISSN">1475-2875</idno><imprint><date when="2013" type="published">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Africa</term><term>Artemisinins (therapeutic use)</term><term>Drug Therapy, Combination (methods)</term><term>Health Services Accessibility</term><term>Humans</term><term>Interviews as Topic</term><term>Malaria (drug therapy)</term><term>Pharmacies</term><term>Private Sector</term><term>Program Evaluation</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Accessibilité des services de santé</term><term>Afrique</term><term>Artémisinines (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Association de médicaments ()</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Entretiens comme sujet</term><term>Humains</term><term>Paludisme (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Pharmacies</term><term>Secteur privé</term><term>Évaluation de programme</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Artemisinins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Africa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Malaria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Therapy, Combination</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Paludisme</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Artémisinines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Health Services Accessibility</term><term>Humans</term><term>Interviews as Topic</term><term>Pharmacies</term><term>Private Sector</term><term>Program Evaluation</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Accessibilité des services de santé</term><term>Afrique</term><term>Association de médicaments</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Entretiens comme sujet</term><term>Humains</term><term>Pharmacies</term><term>Secteur privé</term><term>Évaluation de programme</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In 2009, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria established the Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria (AMFm) in order to increase access to quality-assured artemisinin combination therapy (QAACT). AMFm Phase 1, which includes nine pilot programmes in eight countries, was launched in 2009. The objective of this study was to assess anti-malarial stock and purchase patterns at private outlets in five AMFm Phase 1 countries in regard to three of the core AMFm goals: increase the affordability of QAACT, increase the availability of QAACT, and crowd out artemisinin monotherapies and other substandard therapies.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">23607504</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2013</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2013</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>09</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>19</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1475-2875</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><PubDate><Year>2013</Year><Month>Apr</Month><Day>22</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Malaria journal</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Malar. J.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Artemisinin-based combination therapy availability and use in the private sector of five AMFm phase 1 countries.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>135</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/1475-2875-12-135</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">In 2009, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria established the Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria (AMFm) in order to increase access to quality-assured artemisinin combination therapy (QAACT). AMFm Phase 1, which includes nine pilot programmes in eight countries, was launched in 2009. The objective of this study was to assess anti-malarial stock and purchase patterns at private outlets in five AMFm Phase 1 countries in regard to three of the core AMFm goals: increase the affordability of QAACT, increase the availability of QAACT, and crowd out artemisinin monotherapies and other substandard therapies.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">The study was conducted between April and May 2012 and included interviews with personnel in 598 private pharmaceutical outlets in Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda. Questionnaires were administered at private retail outlets and the data were analyzed to assess within- and between-country differences in QAACT price, availability, and popularity.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">AMFm medications were less expensive than their non-AMFm counterparts, yet prices for both types were above country-specific suggested retail prices. Market penetration of AMFm QAACT in both urban and rural areas was high, although stock-outs of both AMFm and non-AMFm products were more common in rural compared with urban outlets in Ghana and Kenya (p = 0.0013). Government recommendation was the most significant factor influencing anti-malarial stock choices in urban (41.5%) and rural (31.9%) outlets. The three top-selling anti-malarials reported for both urban and rural areas in each country were, with the exception of rural Uganda and urban Nigeria, combination therapies.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Results from this study indicate that the AMFm has not fully achieved its affordability and crowd-out objectives. Still, the final purchase price of AMFm QAACT was substantially lower than non-AMFm equivalents. Moreover, for both urban and rural areas, AMFm QAACT availability was found to be high, and the various forms of QAACT were the best-selling products among all anti-malarials. These findings suggest a continued need for initiatives like the AMFm that improve the affordability and accessibility of QAACT. Similar programmes may be especially effective if employed in combination with rapid diagnostic testing to ensure the appropriate use of these products.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Davis</LastName><ForeName>Ben</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Axios International, 7, Boulevard de Madeleine, Paris, 75001, France. joseph.saba@axiosint.com</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ladner</LastName><ForeName>Joel</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sams</LastName><ForeName>Kelley</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tekinturhan</LastName><ForeName>Ebru</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Korte</LastName><ForeName>Donald</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Saba</LastName><ForeName>Joseph</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2013</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>22</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Malar J</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101139802</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1475-2875</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D037621">Artemisinins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9RMU91N5K2</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C031327">artemisinine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Malar J. 2008;7 Suppl 1:S7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19091041</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Bull World Health Organ. 1991;69(3):349-63</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1893512</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Trop Med Int Health. 2004 Jun;9(6):655-63</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15189455</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Trop Med Int Health. 2004 Apr;9(4):451-60</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15078263</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Malar J. 2011;10:243</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21851625</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Malar J. 2009;8:253</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19906307</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nature. 2012 Oct 4;490(7418):13-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23038440</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Malar J. 2011;10:327</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22039892</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Lancet. 2012 Dec 1;380(9857):1916-26</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23122217</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000349" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Africa</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D037621" MajorTopicYN="N">Artemisinins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004359" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Therapy, Combination</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="N">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006297" MajorTopicYN="Y">Health Services Accessibility</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007407" MajorTopicYN="N">Interviews as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008288" MajorTopicYN="N">Malaria</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010594" MajorTopicYN="N">Pharmacies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017149" MajorTopicYN="Y">Private Sector</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015397" MajorTopicYN="N">Program Evaluation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011795" MajorTopicYN="N">Surveys and Questionnaires</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC3637826</OtherID></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2012</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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