Optimal timing of antiretroviral treatment initiation in HIV-positive children and adolescents: a multiregional analysis from Southern Africa, West Africa and Europe.
Identifieur interne : 000040 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000039; suivant : 000041Optimal timing of antiretroviral treatment initiation in HIV-positive children and adolescents: a multiregional analysis from Southern Africa, West Africa and Europe.
Auteurs : Michael Schomaker [Afrique du Sud] ; Valeriane Leroy [France] ; Tom Wolfs [Pays-Bas] ; Karl-Günter Technau [Afrique du Sud] ; Lorna Renner [Ghana] ; Ali Judd [Royaume-Uni] ; Shobna Sawry [Afrique du Sud] ; Madeleine Amorissani-Folquet [Côte d'Ivoire] ; Antoni Noguera-Julian [Espagne] ; Frank Tanser [Afrique du Sud] ; François Eboua [Côte d'Ivoire] ; Maria Luisa Navarro [Espagne] ; Cleophas Chimbetete [Zimbabwe] ; Clarisse Amani-Bosse [Côte d'Ivoire] ; Josiane Warszawski [France] ; Sam Phiri [Malawi] ; Sylvie N'Gbeche [Côte d'Ivoire] ; Vivian Cox [Afrique du Sud] ; Fla Koueta [Burkina Faso] ; Janet Giddy [Afrique du Sud] ; Haby Sygnaté-Sy [Sénégal] ; Dorthe Raben [Danemark] ; Geneviève Chêne [France] ; Mary-Ann Davies [Afrique du Sud]Source :
- International journal of epidemiology [ 1464-3685 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
There is limited knowledge about the optimal timing of antiretroviral treatment initiation in older children and adolescents.
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw097
PubMed: 27342220
Affiliations:
- Afrique du Sud, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Danemark, Espagne, France, Ghana, Malawi, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, Sénégal, Zimbabwe
- Angleterre, Aquitaine, Catalogne, Communauté de Madrid, Gauteng, Grand Londres, Hovedstaden, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Région du Grand Accra, Utrecht (province)
- Accra, Barcelone, Bordeaux, Copenhague, Johannesbourg, Londres, Madrid, Utrecht
- University College de Londres, Université de Barcelone, Université du Witwatersrand
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Sawry</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amorissani Folquet, Madeleine" sort="Amorissani Folquet, Madeleine" uniqKey="Amorissani Folquet M" first="Madeleine" last="Amorissani-Folquet">Madeleine Amorissani-Folquet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Félix Houphouët Boigny University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte 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wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Somkhele, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Somkhele</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Somkhele</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eboua, Francois" sort="Eboua, Francois" uniqKey="Eboua F" first="François" last="Eboua">François Eboua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Yopougon University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte d'Ivoire</country><wicri:regionArea>Yopougon University Hospital, Abidjan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Abidjan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro, Maria Luisa" sort="Navarro, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Navarro M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Navarro">Maria Luisa Navarro</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chimbetete, Cleophas" sort="Chimbetete, Cleophas" uniqKey="Chimbetete C" first="Cleophas" last="Chimbetete">Cleophas Chimbetete</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Zimbabwe</country><wicri:regionArea>Newlands Clinic, Harare</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Harare</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amani Bosse, Clarisse" sort="Amani Bosse, Clarisse" uniqKey="Amani Bosse C" first="Clarisse" last="Amani-Bosse">Clarisse Amani-Bosse</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>MTCT-Plus Center, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte d'Ivoire</country><wicri:regionArea>MTCT-Plus Center, Abidjan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Abidjan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warszawski, Josiane" sort="Warszawski, Josiane" uniqKey="Warszawski J" first="Josiane" last="Warszawski">Josiane Warszawski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations, 1018 Inserm, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations, 1018 Inserm</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1018 Inserm</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>1018 Inserm</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Phiri, Sam" sort="Phiri, Sam" uniqKey="Phiri S" first="Sam" last="Phiri">Sam Phiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Lighthouse Trust Clinic, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea>Lighthouse Trust Clinic, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lilongwe</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="N Gbeche, Sylvie" sort="N Gbeche, Sylvie" uniqKey="N Gbeche S" first="Sylvie" last="N'Gbeche">Sylvie N'Gbeche</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Prise en Charge de Recherche et de Formation Enfants, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte d'Ivoire</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Prise en Charge de Recherche et de Formation Enfants, Abidjan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Abidjan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Vivian" sort="Cox, Vivian" uniqKey="Cox V" first="Vivian" last="Cox">Vivian Cox</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Médecins Sans Frontiéres South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Médecins Sans Frontiéres South Africa, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koueta, Fla" sort="Koueta, Fla" uniqKey="Koueta F" first="Fla" last="Koueta">Fla Koueta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Charles de Gaulle University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Burkina Faso</country><wicri:regionArea>Charles de Gaulle University Hospital, Ouagadougou</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ouagadougou</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giddy, Janet" sort="Giddy, Janet" uniqKey="Giddy J" first="Janet" last="Giddy">Janet Giddy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sinikithemba Clinic, McCord Hospital, Durban, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Sinikithemba Clinic, McCord Hospital, 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wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:27342220</idno><idno type="pmid">27342220</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/ije/dyw097</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000713</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000713</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000713</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000713</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000713</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" 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Leroy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Inserm, U1027, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3 Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Inserm, U1027, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3 Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3 Toulouse</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3 Toulouse</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolfs, Tom" sort="Wolfs, Tom" uniqKey="Wolfs T" first="Tom" last="Wolfs">Tom Wolfs</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Children's Hospital/UMCU, Department of Infectious Diseases, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Children's Hospital/UMCU, Department of Infectious Diseases, Utrecht</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Utrecht (province)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Technau, Karl Gunter" sort="Technau, Karl Gunter" uniqKey="Technau K" first="Karl-Günter" last="Technau">Karl-Günter Technau</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Renner, Lorna" sort="Renner, Lorna" uniqKey="Renner L" first="Lorna" last="Renner">Lorna Renner</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Judd, Ali" sort="Judd, Ali" uniqKey="Judd A" first="Ali" last="Judd">Ali Judd</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sawry, Shobna" sort="Sawry, Shobna" uniqKey="Sawry S" first="Shobna" last="Sawry">Shobna Sawry</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Witwatersrand</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Johannesbourg</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Gauteng</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amorissani Folquet, Madeleine" sort="Amorissani Folquet, Madeleine" uniqKey="Amorissani Folquet M" first="Madeleine" last="Amorissani-Folquet">Madeleine Amorissani-Folquet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Félix Houphouët Boigny University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte d'Ivoire</country><wicri:regionArea>Félix Houphouët Boigny University Hospital, Abidjan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Abidjan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noguera Julian, Antoni" sort="Noguera Julian, Antoni" uniqKey="Noguera Julian A" first="Antoni" last="Noguera-Julian">Antoni Noguera-Julian</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Barcelone</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tanser, Frank" sort="Tanser, Frank" uniqKey="Tanser F" first="Frank" last="Tanser">Frank Tanser</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Somkhele, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Somkhele</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Somkhele</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eboua, Francois" sort="Eboua, Francois" uniqKey="Eboua F" first="François" last="Eboua">François Eboua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Yopougon University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte d'Ivoire</country><wicri:regionArea>Yopougon University Hospital, Abidjan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Abidjan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Navarro, Maria Luisa" sort="Navarro, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Navarro M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Navarro">Maria Luisa Navarro</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chimbetete, Cleophas" sort="Chimbetete, Cleophas" uniqKey="Chimbetete C" first="Cleophas" last="Chimbetete">Cleophas Chimbetete</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Zimbabwe</country><wicri:regionArea>Newlands Clinic, Harare</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Harare</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Amani Bosse, Clarisse" sort="Amani Bosse, Clarisse" uniqKey="Amani Bosse C" first="Clarisse" last="Amani-Bosse">Clarisse Amani-Bosse</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>MTCT-Plus Center, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte d'Ivoire</country><wicri:regionArea>MTCT-Plus Center, Abidjan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Abidjan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warszawski, Josiane" sort="Warszawski, Josiane" uniqKey="Warszawski J" first="Josiane" last="Warszawski">Josiane Warszawski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations, 1018 Inserm, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations, 1018 Inserm</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1018 Inserm</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>1018 Inserm</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Phiri, Sam" sort="Phiri, Sam" uniqKey="Phiri S" first="Sam" last="Phiri">Sam Phiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Lighthouse Trust Clinic, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea>Lighthouse Trust Clinic, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lilongwe</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="N Gbeche, Sylvie" sort="N Gbeche, Sylvie" uniqKey="N Gbeche S" first="Sylvie" last="N'Gbeche">Sylvie N'Gbeche</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre de Prise en Charge de Recherche et de Formation Enfants, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Côte d'Ivoire</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre de Prise en Charge de Recherche et de Formation Enfants, Abidjan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Abidjan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Vivian" sort="Cox, Vivian" uniqKey="Cox V" first="Vivian" last="Cox">Vivian Cox</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Médecins Sans Frontiéres South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Médecins Sans Frontiéres South Africa, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koueta, Fla" sort="Koueta, Fla" uniqKey="Koueta F" first="Fla" last="Koueta">Fla Koueta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Charles de Gaulle University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Burkina Faso</country><wicri:regionArea>Charles de Gaulle University Hospital, Ouagadougou</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ouagadougou</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Giddy, Janet" sort="Giddy, Janet" uniqKey="Giddy J" first="Janet" last="Giddy">Janet Giddy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sinikithemba Clinic, McCord Hospital, Durban, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Sinikithemba Clinic, McCord Hospital, Durban</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Durban</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sygnate Sy, Haby" sort="Sygnate Sy, Haby" uniqKey="Sygnate Sy H" first="Haby" last="Sygnaté-Sy">Haby Sygnaté-Sy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Albert Royer Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Sénégal</country><wicri:regionArea>Albert Royer Hospital, Dakar</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dakar</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raben, Dorthe" sort="Raben, Dorthe" uniqKey="Raben D" first="Dorthe" last="Raben">Dorthe Raben</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chene, Genevieve" sort="Chene, Genevieve" uniqKey="Chene G" first="Geneviève" last="Chêne">Geneviève Chêne</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>University of Bordeaux Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219-Bordeaux Population Health, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Bordeaux Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219-Bordeaux Population Health, F-33000 Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Bordeaux</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davies, Mary Ann" sort="Davies, Mary Ann" uniqKey="Davies M" first="Mary-Ann" last="Davies">Mary-Ann Davies</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International journal of epidemiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1464-3685</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">There is limited knowledge about the optimal timing of antiretroviral treatment initiation in older children and adolescents.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Process" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27342220</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>25</Day></DateCreated><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1464-3685</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>46</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Apr</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of epidemiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Epidemiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Optimal timing of antiretroviral treatment initiation in HIV-positive children and adolescents: a multiregional analysis from Southern Africa, West Africa and Europe.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>453-465</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/ije/dyw097</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="Background" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">There is limited knowledge about the optimal timing of antiretroviral treatment initiation in older children and adolescents.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Methods" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">A total of 20 576 antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve patients, aged 1-16 years at enrolment, from 19 cohorts in Europe, Southern Africa and West Africa, were included. We compared mortality and growth outcomes for different ART initiation criteria, aligned with previous and recent World Health Organization criteria, for 5 years of follow-up, adjusting for all measured baseline and time-dependent confounders using the g-formula.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Results" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Median (1st;3rd percentile) CD4 count at baseline was 676 cells/mm 3 (394; 1037) (children aged ≥ 1 and < 5 years), 373 (172; 630) (≥ 5 and < 10 years) and 238 (88; 425) (≥ 10 and < 16 years). There was a general trend towards lower mortality and better growth with earlier treatment initiation. In children < 10 years old at enrolment, by 5 years of follow-up there was lower mortality and a higher mean height-for-age z-score with immediate ART initiation versus delaying until CD4 count < 350 cells/mm 3 (or CD4% < 15% or weight-for-age z-score < -2) with absolute differences in mortality and height-for-age z-score of 0.3% (95% confidence interval: 0.1%; 0.6%) and -0.08 (-0.09; -0.06) (≥ 1 and < 5 years), and 0.3% (0.04%; 0.5%) and -0.07 (-0.08; -0.05) (≥ 5 and < 10 years). In those aged > 10 years at enrolment we did not find any difference in mortality or growth with immediate ART initiation, with estimated differences of -0.1% (-0.2%; 0.6%) and -0.03 (-0.05; 0.00), respectively. Growth differences in children aged < 10 years persisted for treatment thresholds using higher CD4 values. Regular follow-up led to better height and mortality outcomes.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Conclusions" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">Immediate ART is associated with lower mortality and better growth for up to 5 years in children < 10 years old. Our results on adolescents were inconclusive.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schomaker</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leroy</LastName><ForeName>Valeriane</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Inserm, U1027, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3 Toulouse, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wolfs</LastName><ForeName>Tom</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Children's Hospital/UMCU, Department of Infectious Diseases, Utrecht, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Technau</LastName><ForeName>Karl-Günter</ForeName><Initials>KG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Empilweni Services and Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Renner</LastName><ForeName>Lorna</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Judd</LastName><ForeName>Ali</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sawry</LastName><ForeName>Shobna</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amorissani-Folquet</LastName><ForeName>Madeleine</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Félix Houphouët Boigny University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Noguera-Julian</LastName><ForeName>Antoni</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tanser</LastName><ForeName>Frank</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Somkhele, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa - CAPRISA, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Congella, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eboua</LastName><ForeName>François</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Yopougon University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Navarro</LastName><ForeName>Maria Luisa</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chimbetete</LastName><ForeName>Cleophas</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Amani-Bosse</LastName><ForeName>Clarisse</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MTCT-Plus Center, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Warszawski</LastName><ForeName>Josiane</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations, 1018 Inserm, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Phiri</LastName><ForeName>Sam</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Lighthouse Trust Clinic, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>N'Gbeche</LastName><ForeName>Sylvie</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre de Prise en Charge de Recherche et de Formation Enfants, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cox</LastName><ForeName>Vivian</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Médecins Sans Frontiéres South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Koueta</LastName><ForeName>Fla</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Charles de Gaulle University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Giddy</LastName><ForeName>Janet</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sinikithemba Clinic, McCord Hospital, Durban, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sygnaté-Sy</LastName><ForeName>Haby</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Albert Royer Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Raben</LastName><ForeName>Dorthe</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chêne</LastName><ForeName>Geneviève</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Bordeaux Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219-Bordeaux Population Health, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219-Bordeaux Population Health, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de santé publique, Service d information médicale, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Davies</LastName><ForeName>Mary-Ann</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>IeDEA West and Southern Africa regional collaborations and COHERE in EuroCoord</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>MRC_MC_UU_12023/17</GrantID><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>U01 AI069924</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Epidemiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7802871</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0300-5771</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Antiretroviral treatment</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">causal inference</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">g-formula</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">paediatrics</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>31</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27342220</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">dyw097</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/ije/dyw097</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Burkina Faso</li><li>Côte d'Ivoire</li><li>Danemark</li><li>Espagne</li><li>France</li><li>Ghana</li><li>Malawi</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Sénégal</li><li>Zimbabwe</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Aquitaine</li><li>Catalogne</li><li>Communauté de Madrid</li><li>Gauteng</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Hovedstaden</li><li>Nouvelle-Aquitaine</li><li>Région du Grand Accra</li><li>Utrecht (province)</li></region><settlement><li>Accra</li><li>Barcelone</li><li>Bordeaux</li><li>Copenhague</li><li>Johannesbourg</li><li>Londres</li><li>Madrid</li><li>Utrecht</li></settlement><orgName><li>University College de Londres</li><li>Université de Barcelone</li><li>Université du Witwatersrand</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Schomaker, Michael" sort="Schomaker, Michael" uniqKey="Schomaker M" first="Michael" last="Schomaker">Michael Schomaker</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cox, Vivian" sort="Cox, Vivian" uniqKey="Cox V" first="Vivian" last="Cox">Vivian Cox</name><name sortKey="Davies, Mary Ann" sort="Davies, Mary Ann" uniqKey="Davies M" first="Mary-Ann" last="Davies">Mary-Ann Davies</name><name sortKey="Giddy, Janet" sort="Giddy, Janet" uniqKey="Giddy J" first="Janet" last="Giddy">Janet Giddy</name><name sortKey="Sawry, Shobna" sort="Sawry, Shobna" uniqKey="Sawry S" first="Shobna" last="Sawry">Shobna Sawry</name><name sortKey="Tanser, Frank" sort="Tanser, Frank" uniqKey="Tanser F" first="Frank" last="Tanser">Frank Tanser</name><name sortKey="Technau, Karl Gunter" sort="Technau, Karl Gunter" uniqKey="Technau K" first="Karl-Günter" last="Technau">Karl-Günter Technau</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Leroy, Valeriane" sort="Leroy, Valeriane" uniqKey="Leroy V" first="Valeriane" last="Leroy">Valeriane Leroy</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chene, Genevieve" sort="Chene, Genevieve" uniqKey="Chene G" first="Geneviève" last="Chêne">Geneviève Chêne</name><name sortKey="Warszawski, Josiane" sort="Warszawski, Josiane" uniqKey="Warszawski J" first="Josiane" last="Warszawski">Josiane Warszawski</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Utrecht (province)"><name sortKey="Wolfs, Tom" sort="Wolfs, Tom" uniqKey="Wolfs T" first="Tom" last="Wolfs">Tom Wolfs</name></region></country><country name="Ghana"><region name="Région du Grand Accra"><name sortKey="Renner, Lorna" sort="Renner, Lorna" uniqKey="Renner L" first="Lorna" last="Renner">Lorna Renner</name></region></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Judd, Ali" sort="Judd, Ali" uniqKey="Judd A" first="Ali" last="Judd">Ali Judd</name></region></country><country name="Côte d'Ivoire"><noRegion><name sortKey="Amorissani Folquet, Madeleine" sort="Amorissani Folquet, Madeleine" uniqKey="Amorissani Folquet M" first="Madeleine" last="Amorissani-Folquet">Madeleine Amorissani-Folquet</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Amani Bosse, Clarisse" sort="Amani Bosse, Clarisse" uniqKey="Amani Bosse C" first="Clarisse" last="Amani-Bosse">Clarisse Amani-Bosse</name><name sortKey="Eboua, Francois" sort="Eboua, Francois" uniqKey="Eboua F" first="François" last="Eboua">François Eboua</name><name sortKey="N Gbeche, Sylvie" sort="N Gbeche, Sylvie" uniqKey="N Gbeche S" first="Sylvie" last="N'Gbeche">Sylvie N'Gbeche</name></country><country name="Espagne"><region name="Catalogne"><name sortKey="Noguera Julian, Antoni" sort="Noguera Julian, Antoni" uniqKey="Noguera Julian A" first="Antoni" last="Noguera-Julian">Antoni Noguera-Julian</name></region><name sortKey="Navarro, Maria Luisa" sort="Navarro, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="Navarro M" first="Maria Luisa" last="Navarro">Maria Luisa Navarro</name></country><country name="Zimbabwe"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chimbetete, Cleophas" sort="Chimbetete, Cleophas" uniqKey="Chimbetete C" first="Cleophas" last="Chimbetete">Cleophas Chimbetete</name></noRegion></country><country name="Malawi"><noRegion><name sortKey="Phiri, Sam" sort="Phiri, Sam" uniqKey="Phiri S" first="Sam" last="Phiri">Sam Phiri</name></noRegion></country><country name="Burkina Faso"><noRegion><name sortKey="Koueta, Fla" sort="Koueta, Fla" uniqKey="Koueta F" first="Fla" last="Koueta">Fla Koueta</name></noRegion></country><country name="Sénégal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sygnate Sy, Haby" sort="Sygnate Sy, Haby" uniqKey="Sygnate Sy H" first="Haby" last="Sygnaté-Sy">Haby Sygnaté-Sy</name></noRegion></country><country name="Danemark"><region name="Hovedstaden"><name sortKey="Raben, Dorthe" sort="Raben, Dorthe" uniqKey="Raben D" first="Dorthe" last="Raben">Dorthe Raben</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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