Knowledge and disclosure of HIV status among adolescents and young adults attending an adolescent HIV clinic in Accra, Ghana
Identifieur interne : 000135 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000134; suivant : 000136Knowledge and disclosure of HIV status among adolescents and young adults attending an adolescent HIV clinic in Accra, Ghana
Auteurs : Ernest Kenu [Ghana] ; Adjoa Obo-Akwa [Ghana] ; Gladys B. Nuamah [Ghana] ; Anita Brefo [Ghana] ; Miriam Sam [Ghana] ; Margaret Lartey [Ghana]Source :
- BMC Research Notes [ 1756-0500 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
In Ghana it is estimated that 1.2% of HIV infections occur in young people aged 15-24 but the representation in our clinics is small. Adherence to treatment, appointment keeping and knowledge of HIV status remains a challenge. Disclosure has been shown to result in better adherence to therapy, good clinical outcomes, psychological adjustment and reduction in the risk of HIV transmission when the young person becomes sexually active. A baseline study was conducted to ascertain if adolescents and young adults knew their HIV status and their knowledge on HIV. Informed consent and assent were obtained from willing participants. Self-administered questionnaires on general knowledge of HIV, HIV treatment and disclosure were collected and analyzed.
Thirty-four young persons participated in the study. The mean age was 16.9 ± SD 2.5 and 62% (21/32) were female. All of them were still in school. Eighty-five percent were aware that young people their age could fall sick, 91% had heard of HIV, 70% knew someone with HIV and 45% thought that adolescents were not at risk of HIV. On modes of HIV transmission, 66.7% knew HIV was transmitted through sex and 63.6% knew about mother to child transmission. Fifty three percent (18/34) knew their HIV status, 50% (17/34) were on antiretroviral and 35% (6/17) of them admitted to missing ARV doses. One person who said he was HIV negative and another who did not know his status were both on ARVs.
Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents and young people is dependent on a complex mix of factors and most practitioners recommend an age and developmentally appropriate disclosure. Thus it is highly individualized. The knowledge and awareness of HIV was 91% compared to 97% of adults in the most recent Ghana Demographic and Health Survey however only about two thirds had acceptable in depth knowledge on HIV. Only half knew their HIV status which was not the best considering their ages. There is the need to strengthen education to young persons with HIV, support adhere to ARVs for better outcomes and assist care givers to disclose HIV status to them.
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DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-844
PubMed: 25424862
PubMed Central: 4256736
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Box LG 13, Legon, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 13, Legon</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" sort="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" uniqKey="Obo Akwa A" first="Adjoa" last="Obo-Akwa">Adjoa Obo-Akwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nuamah, Gladys B" sort="Nuamah, Gladys B" uniqKey="Nuamah G" first="Gladys B" last="Nuamah">Gladys B. Nuamah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brefo, Anita" sort="Brefo, Anita" uniqKey="Brefo A" first="Anita" last="Brefo">Anita Brefo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sam, Miriam" sort="Sam, Miriam" uniqKey="Sam M" first="Miriam" last="Sam">Miriam Sam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lartey, Margaret" sort="Lartey, Margaret" uniqKey="Lartey M" first="Margaret" last="Lartey">Margaret Lartey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC Research Notes</title><idno type="eISSN">1756-0500</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>In Ghana it is estimated that 1.2% of HIV infections occur in young people aged 15-24 but the representation in our clinics is small. Adherence to treatment, appointment keeping and knowledge of HIV status remains a challenge. Disclosure has been shown to result in better adherence to therapy, good clinical outcomes, psychological adjustment and reduction in the risk of HIV transmission when the young person becomes sexually active. A baseline study was conducted to ascertain if adolescents and young adults knew their HIV status and their knowledge on HIV. Informed consent and assent were obtained from willing participants. Self-administered questionnaires on general knowledge of HIV, HIV treatment and disclosure were collected and analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Thirty-four young persons participated in the study. The mean age was 16.9 ± SD 2.5 and 62% (21/32) were female. All of them were still in school. Eighty-five percent were aware that young people their age could fall sick, 91% had heard of HIV, 70% knew someone with HIV and 45% thought that adolescents were not at risk of HIV. On modes of HIV transmission, 66.7% knew HIV was transmitted through sex and 63.6% knew about mother to child transmission. Fifty three percent (18/34) knew their HIV status, 50% (17/34) were on antiretroviral and 35% (6/17) of them admitted to missing ARV doses. One person who said he was HIV negative and another who did not know his status were both on ARVs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents and young people is dependent on a complex mix of factors and most practitioners recommend an age and developmentally appropriate disclosure. Thus it is highly individualized. The knowledge and awareness of HIV was 91% compared to 97% of adults in the most recent Ghana Demographic and Health Survey however only about two thirds had acceptable in depth knowledge on HIV. Only half knew their HIV status which was not the best considering their ages. There is the need to strengthen education to young persons with HIV, support adhere to ARVs for better outcomes and assist care givers to disclose HIV status to them.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Foster, C" uniqKey="Foster C">C Foster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fidler, S" uniqKey="Fidler S">S Fidler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eng, E" uniqKey="Eng E">E Eng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maman, S" uniqKey="Maman S">S Maman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tshikandu, T" uniqKey="Tshikandu T">T Tshikandu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behets, F" uniqKey="Behets F">F Behets</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vaz, Lm" uniqKey="Vaz L">LM Vaz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Menon, A" uniqKey="Menon A">A Menon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glazebrook, C" uniqKey="Glazebrook C">C Glazebrook</name></author><author><name sortKey="Campain, N" uniqKey="Campain N">N Campain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ngoma, M" uniqKey="Ngoma M">M Ngoma</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Cl" uniqKey="Lee C">CL Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johann Liang, R" uniqKey="Johann Liang R">R Johann-Liang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vaz, L" uniqKey="Vaz L">L Vaz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corneli, A" uniqKey="Corneli A">A Corneli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dulyx, J" uniqKey="Dulyx J">J Dulyx</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rennie, S" uniqKey="Rennie S">S Rennie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Omba, S" uniqKey="Omba S">S Omba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kitetele, F" uniqKey="Kitetele F">F Kitetele</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behets, F" uniqKey="Behets F">F Behets</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bachanas, Pj" uniqKey="Bachanas P">PJ Bachanas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kullgren, Ka" uniqKey="Kullgren K">KA Kullgren</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, Ks" uniqKey="Schwartz K">KS Schwartz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lanier, B" uniqKey="Lanier B">B Lanier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdaniel, Js" uniqKey="Mcdaniel J">JS McDaniel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, J" uniqKey="Smith J">J Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nesheim, S" uniqKey="Nesheim S">S Nesheim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mahloko, Jm" uniqKey="Mahloko J">JM Mahloko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madiba, S" uniqKey="Madiba S">S Madiba</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bikaako Kajura, W" uniqKey="Bikaako Kajura W">W Bikaako-Kajura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luyirika, E" uniqKey="Luyirika E">E Luyirika</name></author><author><name sortKey="Purcell, Dw" uniqKey="Purcell D">DW Purcell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Downing, J" uniqKey="Downing J">J Downing</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaharuza, F" uniqKey="Kaharuza F">F Kaharuza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mermin, J" uniqKey="Mermin J">J Mermin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malamba, S" uniqKey="Malamba S">S Malamba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bunnell, R" uniqKey="Bunnell R">R Bunnell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Demmer, C" uniqKey="Demmer C">C Demmer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thorne, C" uniqKey="Thorne C">C Thorne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Newell, Ml" uniqKey="Newell M">ML Newell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peckham, Cs" uniqKey="Peckham C">CS Peckham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moore, Ar" uniqKey="Moore A">AR Moore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williamson, D" uniqKey="Williamson D">D Williamson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ferris, M" uniqKey="Ferris M">M Ferris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burau, K" uniqKey="Burau K">K Burau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schweitzer, Am" uniqKey="Schweitzer A">AM Schweitzer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mihale, S" uniqKey="Mihale S">S Mihale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, N" uniqKey="Murray N">N Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Preda, A" uniqKey="Preda A">A Preda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, M" uniqKey="Ross M">M Ross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kline, M" uniqKey="Kline M">M Kline</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Siu, Ge" uniqKey="Siu G">GE Siu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bakeera Kitaka, S" uniqKey="Bakeera Kitaka S">S Bakeera-Kitaka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, Ce" uniqKey="Kennedy C">CE Kennedy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dhabangi, A" uniqKey="Dhabangi A">A Dhabangi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kambugu, A" uniqKey="Kambugu A">A Kambugu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">BMC Res Notes</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">BMC Res Notes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>BMC Research Notes</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1756-0500</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name><publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25424862</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4256736</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">3366</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/1756-0500-7-844</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Knowledge and disclosure of HIV status among adolescents and young adults attending an adolescent HIV clinic in Accra, Ghana</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Kenu</surname><given-names>Ernest</given-names></name><address><email>Ernest_kenu@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff8"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Obo-Akwa</surname><given-names>Adjoa</given-names></name><address><email>saintadjoa@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nuamah</surname><given-names>Gladys B</given-names></name><address><email>gladys_nuamah@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brefo</surname><given-names>Anita</given-names></name><address><email>anitanketiah@gmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sam</surname><given-names>Miriam</given-names></name><address><email>queenlisa222@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lartey</surname><given-names>Margaret</given-names></name><address><email>malart38@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff6"><label></label>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff7"><label></label>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff8"><label></label>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 13, Legon, Ghana</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><elocation-id>844</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>16</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Kenu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014</copyright-statement><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title><p>In Ghana it is estimated that 1.2% of HIV infections occur in young people aged 15-24 but the representation in our clinics is small. Adherence to treatment, appointment keeping and knowledge of HIV status remains a challenge. Disclosure has been shown to result in better adherence to therapy, good clinical outcomes, psychological adjustment and reduction in the risk of HIV transmission when the young person becomes sexually active. A baseline study was conducted to ascertain if adolescents and young adults knew their HIV status and their knowledge on HIV. Informed consent and assent were obtained from willing participants. Self-administered questionnaires on general knowledge of HIV, HIV treatment and disclosure were collected and analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Thirty-four young persons participated in the study. The mean age was 16.9 ± SD 2.5 and 62% (21/32) were female. All of them were still in school. Eighty-five percent were aware that young people their age could fall sick, 91% had heard of HIV, 70% knew someone with HIV and 45% thought that adolescents were not at risk of HIV. On modes of HIV transmission, 66.7% knew HIV was transmitted through sex and 63.6% knew about mother to child transmission. Fifty three percent (18/34) knew their HIV status, 50% (17/34) were on antiretroviral and 35% (6/17) of them admitted to missing ARV doses. One person who said he was HIV negative and another who did not know his status were both on ARVs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents and young people is dependent on a complex mix of factors and most practitioners recommend an age and developmentally appropriate disclosure. Thus it is highly individualized. The knowledge and awareness of HIV was 91% compared to 97% of adults in the most recent Ghana Demographic and Health Survey however only about two thirds had acceptable in depth knowledge on HIV. Only half knew their HIV status which was not the best considering their ages. There is the need to strengthen education to young persons with HIV, support adhere to ARVs for better outcomes and assist care givers to disclose HIV status to them.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Knowledge</kwd><kwd>Disclosure adolescents/young adults</kwd><kwd>HIV</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s) 2014</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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