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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Surveillance of Molecular Markers of <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> Resistance to Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine 5 Years after the Change of Malaria Treatment Policy in Ghana</title><author><name sortKey="Duah, Nancy O" sort="Duah, Nancy O" uniqKey="Duah N" first="Nancy O." last="Duah">Nancy O. Duah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quashie, Neils B" sort="Quashie, Neils B" uniqKey="Quashie N" first="Neils B." last="Quashie">Neils B. Quashie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abuaku, Benjamin K" sort="Abuaku, Benjamin K" uniqKey="Abuaku B" first="Benjamin K." last="Abuaku">Benjamin K. Abuaku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sebeny, Peter J" sort="Sebeny, Peter J" uniqKey="Sebeny P" first="Peter J." last="Sebeny">Peter J. Sebeny</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kronmann, Karl C" sort="Kronmann, Karl C" uniqKey="Kronmann K" first="Karl C." last="Kronmann">Karl C. Kronmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koram, Kwadwo A" sort="Koram, Kwadwo A" uniqKey="Koram K" first="Kwadwo A." last="Koram">Kwadwo A. Koram</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23045251</idno><idno type="pmc">3516103</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3516103</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3516103</idno><idno type="doi">10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0202</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000311</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000311</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Surveillance of Molecular Markers of <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> Resistance to Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine 5 Years after the Change of Malaria Treatment Policy in Ghana</title><author><name sortKey="Duah, Nancy O" sort="Duah, Nancy O" uniqKey="Duah N" first="Nancy O." last="Duah">Nancy O. Duah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quashie, Neils B" sort="Quashie, Neils B" uniqKey="Quashie N" first="Neils B." last="Quashie">Neils B. Quashie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abuaku, Benjamin K" sort="Abuaku, Benjamin K" uniqKey="Abuaku B" first="Benjamin K." last="Abuaku">Benjamin K. Abuaku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sebeny, Peter J" sort="Sebeny, Peter J" uniqKey="Sebeny P" first="Peter J." last="Sebeny">Peter J. Sebeny</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kronmann, Karl C" sort="Kronmann, Karl C" uniqKey="Kronmann K" first="Karl C." last="Kronmann">Karl C. Kronmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koram, Kwadwo A" sort="Koram, Kwadwo A" uniqKey="Koram K" first="Kwadwo A." last="Koram">Kwadwo A. Koram</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-9637</idno><idno type="eISSN">1476-1645</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In 2005, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) became the drug of choice for intermittent preventive treatment of <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) in Ghana. Reports suggest the use of SP by others to treat uncomplicated malaria. Because of the increased use of SP, the prevalence of mutations in the genes, dihydrofolate reductase (<italic>dhfr</italic>), and dihydropteroate synthetase (<italic>dhps</italic>), linked to SP resistance in <italic>P. falciparum</italic> were determined. Blood samples from 945 children with uncomplicated malaria collected at nine sites from 2003 to 2010 were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Prevalence of the <italic>dhfr</italic> triple and <italic>dhfr</italic> plus <italic>dhps</italic> quadruple mutations showed significant increase in trend from 2003 to 2010 (χ<sup>2</sup> = 18.78, <italic>P</italic> < 0.001, χ<sup>2</sup> = 15.11, <italic>P</italic> < 0.001, respectively). For <italic>dhps</italic> double mutant G437 + E540 the prevalence was low (1.12%) caused by the very low prevalence of E540. Our findings show the wide use of SP in Ghana and therefore its use for IPTp needs to be closely monitored.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Am J Trop Med Hyg</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tpmd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0002-9637</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1476-1645</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23045251</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3516103</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Surveillance of Molecular Markers of <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> Resistance to Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine 5 Years after the Change of Malaria Treatment Policy in Ghana</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="left-running-head">DUAH AND OTHERS</alt-title><alt-title alt-title-type="right-running-head">SURVEILLANCE OF MOLECULAR MARKERS OF <italic>P. FALCIPARUM</italic> SP. RESISTANCE</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Duah</surname><given-names>Nancy O.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="COR1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Quashie</surname><given-names>Neils B.</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abuaku</surname><given-names>Benjamin K.</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sebeny</surname><given-names>Peter J.</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kronmann</surname><given-names>Karl C.</given-names></name></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Koram</surname><given-names>Kwadwo A.</given-names></name></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="AFF1">Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Centre for Tropical Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana; United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt</aff><author-notes><corresp id="COR1">*Address correspondence to Nancy O. Duah, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box LG581, Legon, Accra, Ghana. E-mail: <email>nduah@noguchi.mimcom.org</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>996</fpage><lpage>1003</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>30</day><month>3</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>06</day><month>8</month><year>2012</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>©The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p>In 2005, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) became the drug of choice for intermittent preventive treatment of <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) in Ghana. Reports suggest the use of SP by others to treat uncomplicated malaria. Because of the increased use of SP, the prevalence of mutations in the genes, dihydrofolate reductase (<italic>dhfr</italic>), and dihydropteroate synthetase (<italic>dhps</italic>), linked to SP resistance in <italic>P. falciparum</italic> were determined. Blood samples from 945 children with uncomplicated malaria collected at nine sites from 2003 to 2010 were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Prevalence of the <italic>dhfr</italic> triple and <italic>dhfr</italic> plus <italic>dhps</italic> quadruple mutations showed significant increase in trend from 2003 to 2010 (χ<sup>2</sup> = 18.78, <italic>P</italic> < 0.001, χ<sup>2</sup> = 15.11, <italic>P</italic> < 0.001, respectively). For <italic>dhps</italic> double mutant G437 + E540 the prevalence was low (1.12%) caused by the very low prevalence of E540. Our findings show the wide use of SP in Ghana and therefore its use for IPTp needs to be closely monitored.</p></abstract></article-meta><notes notes-type="disclaimer"><p>Disclaimer: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, the U.S. Government or The Ministry of Health, Ghana. Part of this work was funded by work unit # GEIS C0345_10_N3. The study protocol # NAMRU3.2009.0013 was approved by the Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 Institutional Review Board in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects.</p></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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